CN105736056A - Liquid air energy storage system - Google Patents
Liquid air energy storage system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105736056A CN105736056A CN201610076382.5A CN201610076382A CN105736056A CN 105736056 A CN105736056 A CN 105736056A CN 201610076382 A CN201610076382 A CN 201610076382A CN 105736056 A CN105736056 A CN 105736056A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- cryogenic
- energy storage
- air energy
- working medium
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C11/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type
- F01C11/002—Combinations of two or more machines or engines, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type of similar working principle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B21/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01B21/02—Combinations of two or more machines or engines the machines or engines being all of reciprocating-piston type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/021—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material and the heat-exchanging means being enclosed in one container
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Abstract
The invention provides a liquid air energy storage system. The liquid air energy storage system comprises a compressor set, a first low-temperature heat exchanger, a throttle valve, a liquid storage tank, a low-temperature pump, a second low-temperature heat exchanger and an expansion unit which are sequentially connected. The first low-temperature heat exchanger and the second low-temperature heat exchanger are connected through a regenerator for storing a single-temperature-area liquid pre-cooling working medium, and a channel where the single-temperature-area liquid pre-cooling working medium circularly flows in a liquid phase manner, exchanges heat and is stored is formed. A wide-temperature-area single liquid pre-cooling working medium is adopted in the liquid air energy storage system, the low-temperature heat exchangers serve as cold capacity exchange equipment, a very small heat transfer temperature difference can be achieved in the low-temperature heat exchangers, losses in the heat transfer process are reduced, and therefore the system energy storage efficiency can be better improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy storage technology field, particularly relate to a kind of liquid air energy-storage system adopting wide warm area single liquid pre-cooling working medium.
Background technology
The energy is the material base of human survival, the development of human society be unable to do without the energy, but due to the heavy dependence to non-renewable energy resources fossil energy, human future will face resource exhaustion and environmental problem, therefore greatly developing regenerative resource is one of the approach solved.Current wind energy, solar energy are technically comparatively ripe new forms of energy forms, but it has intermittent and instable feature, such as when weak wind, wind-power electricity generation is not enough, solar energy cannot use at rainy weather and night, it is thus desirable to energy is stored by power energy storage technology, it is provided that the stability of power system power supply.
Extensive energy storage technology technically feasible at present includes water-storage, battery energy storage, compressed-air energy storage etc..Water-storage needs to build dam, and ecology easily causes certain impact, and construction of hydropower stations cycle length and initial investment big.Although battery energy storage energy density is high, but energy storage capacity is little, cycle life is short, unit cost is high, produces and last handling process can cause environmental pollution.Traditional compressed-air energy-storage system is not then a set of independent technology, need to support the use with turbine power plant, when being in electric power low ebb, utilizes unnecessary electricity to compress air to store in cavern or discarded hole well, completes the energy storage stage；When being in power surges, pressure-air is released, and enters gas-turbine combustion chamber and fuel mixed combustion, then drives turbine set generating, completes to release the energy stage.But conventional compression air energy storage systems need to be limited by specific geographical conditions, and rely on combustion of fossil fuel offer heat, cause that large quantity of exhaust gas discharges.It is carried out Improvement by Chinese scholars, it is proposed to multiple non-afterburning form, utilizes, by reclaiming to store, the heat of compression that compression process produces, use in expansion process, but its still to there is energy storage density low, it is necessary to overcome the weak point of big volume air storage chamber.
In the last few years, Chinese scholars carries out the research of liquid air energy storage technology in succession, and air is stored in storage tank in liquid form, is not limited by geographical environment, and energy density is big.But time, in the liquefaction scheme proposed at present, general cold-storage device adopts the solid such as stone, concrete store cold as packed bed, owing to the irreversible heat transfer of solid dielectric loses excessive, cause that cold-storage efficiency cannot meet overall liquefaction duty requirements.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, in order to overcome defect and the problem of prior art, the present invention provides a kind of liquid air energy-storage system adopting wide warm area single liquid pre-cooling working medium.
A kind of liquid air energy-storage system, it includes the compressor bank, the first cryogenic heat exchanger, choke valve, wet tank, cryopump, the second cryogenic heat exchanger and the expansion unit that are linked in sequence successively, realize connecting by the regenerator of bill of store warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium between described first cryogenic heat exchanger and described second cryogenic heat exchanger, form the described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium passage with liquid phase circulation flowing, heat exchange and storage.
In the present invention one better embodiment, described compressor bank includes the compressor of multiple stage series connection, and described expansion unit includes the decompressor of multiple stage series connection.
In the present invention one better embodiment, described regenerator includes the first storage tank and the second storage tank, is connected by cryogenic piping between described first storage tank and described second storage tank.
In the present invention one better embodiment, described liquid pre-cooling working medium liquid phase warm area is 300K-77K.
In the present invention one better embodiment, described pre-cooling working medium the first storage tank and the second storage tank are single storage tank, and described first cryogenic heat exchanger and the second cryogenic heat exchanger are single heat exchanger.
The gas side of described wet tank, described first cryogenic heat exchanger group and described compressor bank form Cryogenic air reflux passage by cryogenic piping connection.
Described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium stores cold with sensible heat form.
Described first cryogenic heat exchanger, described second cryogenic heat exchanger and described regenerator are connected by cryogenic piping.
In the present invention one better embodiment, the gas side of described wet tank, described first cryogenic heat exchanger group and described compressor bank form Cryogenic air reflux passage by cryogenic piping connection.Thus, the liquid air that described liquid air energy-storage system obtains at liquefaction process (i.e. energy storage stage) is as acting working medium, in expansion process (namely releasing the energy stage), backflowing is released to system by cold again, and reclaimed by single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium, cold is fed back to liquefaction process, can reach to improve by improving regenerator efficiency the purpose of overall system efficiency；Simultaneously as single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium carries out heat absorption and cold recovery under wide warm area, such that it is able to effectively reduce the use cost of the first cryogenic heat exchanger and the second cryogenic heat exchanger.
Relative to prior art, liquid air energy-storage system provided by the invention adopts wide warm area single liquid pre-cooling working medium, using cryogenic heat exchanger as Cooling capacity exchanging equipment, very little heat transfer temperature difference can be realized inside cryogenic heat exchanger, reduce loss in diabatic process, thus being conducive to improving system stored energy efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of low temperature liquid air energy storage systems provided by the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of understanding the present invention, below with reference to relevant drawings, the present invention is described more fully.Accompanying drawing gives the better embodiment of the present invention.These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalent structure utilizing description of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to make or equivalence flow process conversion; or directly or indirectly it is used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner include in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technology used herein is identical with the implication that the those skilled in the art belonging to the present invention are generally understood that with scientific terminology.The term used in the description of the invention herein is intended merely to the purpose describing specific embodiment, it is not intended that in the restriction present invention.Term as used herein " and/or " include the arbitrary and all of combination of one or more relevant Listed Items.
Refer to Fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of liquid air energy-storage system, it includes compressor bank the 10, first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, choke valve 30, wet tank 40, cryopump the 50, second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 and the decompressor 70 that are linked in sequence successively, realize connecting by the regenerator 80 of bill of store warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium between described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 and described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60, form the described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium passage with liquid phase circulation flowing, heat exchange and storage.
Described compressor bank 10 includes the compressor 11 of multiple stage series connection, and described expansion unit 70 includes the decompressor 71 of multiple stage series connection.In the present embodiment, described compressor 11 and described decompressor 71 are screw, piston type or centrifugal.
In the present embodiment, described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 and described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 are fin plate type cryogenic heat exchanger or around tubular type cryogenic heat exchanger.Thus, it is possible to utilize the big heat exchange area of described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 and described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 to realize little temperature difference high efficient heat exchanging.
Described regenerator 80 includes the first storage tank 81 and the second storage tank 82, described first storage tank 81 and all store the described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium storing cold with sensible heat form in described second storage tank 82.In the present embodiment, connected by cryogenic piping between described first storage tank 81 and described second storage tank 82.Specifically, described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, described first storage tank 81, described second storage tank 82 and described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 are linked in sequence successively by cryogenic piping, thus, described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, described first storage tank 81, described second storage tank 82 and the described i.e. common connection of second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 form the described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium passage with liquid phase circulation flowing, heat exchange and storage.Further, pump can be passed through or nitrogen pressurization makes described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium flow between described first storage tank 81 and described second storage tank 82.
In the present embodiment, the gas side of described wet tank 80, described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 and described compressor bank 10 form Cryogenic air reflux passage by cryogenic piping connection.Specifically, Cryogenic air is derived by cryogenic piping from the gas side of described wet tank 80, by returning described compressor bank 10 after described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20.Preferably, Cryogenic air returns the entrance of the 3rd compressor in described compressor bank 10.It is understood that Cryogenic air is when backflowing by described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, pressure-air can be cooled, can be thus that described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 supplements cold and then the effective heat exchange cooling efficiency improving pressure-air.
It is understood that the duty of described liquid air energy-storage system includes liquefaction process (i.e. energy storage stage) and expansion process (namely releasing the energy stage).
In liquefaction process, ambient inlet air and the air that backflows are compressed to high pressure by multiple compressors 11 in described compressor bank 10 step by step.This process needs from high-temperature low-pressure, air condition is become cryogenic high pressure, this warm area span is very big, the present embodiment adopts multicomponent mixture work medium or by its boiling point pressurizing altered for single working medium, need to ensure when choosing working medium that it remains liquid in room temperature-liquid nitrogen temperature, do not undergo phase transition, recycle cold with sensible heat form.
The pressure-air obtained through the compression of described compressor bank 10 initially enters described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, coverlet warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium and air cooling of backflowing, after being then passed through described choke valve 30, throttling obtains liquid air, and it is stored in described liquid storage tank 40, in described liquid storage tank 40, the gaseous air of air side is then as backflowing air, by described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, supplement cold.
In expansion process, the liquid air in described wet tank 40, pressurize through described cryopump 50, enter described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 and carry out heat exchange, cold is released to described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium, cold stores with sensible heat form；After described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 pressure-air heat through external heat source, the multiple decompressors 71 entering described expansion unit 70 expand step by step, externally export expansion work, and final drive electrical generators (not shown) generating.
In the present embodiment, the liquefaction process of described liquid air energy-storage system and expansion process are that timesharing carries out.Specifically, during liquefaction, described cryopump 50 and described expansion unit 70 are closed, and described compressor bank 10 works, and described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium flows released cold quantity in described first cryogenic heat exchanger 20, and compression air is cooled down；During expansion, in contrast, described compressor bank 10 is closed, described cryopump 50 and described expansion unit 70 work, liquid air in described wet tank 40 enters described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 by the pressurization of described cryopump 50 and carries out heat exchange, described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium flows in described second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 and stores cold, and pressure-air heats up and also does work through the thermal source heating described expansion unit 70 of entrance.
It is understood that there is interval to stand process owing to timesharing carries out, thus be accordingly used in the wet tank 40 of storage liquid air and should take Insulation, ensure adiabatic with the external world as far as possible.
Relative to prior art, liquid air energy-storage system provided by the invention adopts wide warm area single liquid pre-cooling working medium, using the first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 and the second cryogenic heat exchanger 60 as Cooling capacity exchanging equipment, very little heat transfer temperature difference can be realized inside the first cryogenic heat exchanger 20 and the second cryogenic heat exchanger 60, reduce loss in diabatic process, thus being conducive to improving system stored energy efficiency.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to making some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (8)
1. a liquid air energy-storage system, it is characterized in that, including the compressor bank being linked in sequence successively, the first cryogenic heat exchanger, choke valve, wet tank, cryopump, the second cryogenic heat exchanger and expansion unit, realize connecting by the regenerator of bill of store warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium between described first cryogenic heat exchanger and described second cryogenic heat exchanger, form the described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium passage with liquid phase circulation flowing, heat exchange and storage.
2. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described compressor bank includes the compressor of multiple stage series connection, and described expansion unit includes the decompressor of multiple stage series connection.
3. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described regenerator includes the first storage tank and the second storage tank, is connected by cryogenic piping between described first storage tank and described second storage tank.
4. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described liquid pre-cooling working medium liquid phase warm area is 300K-77K.
5. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described pre-cooling working medium the first storage tank and the second storage tank are single storage tank, and described first cryogenic heat exchanger and the second cryogenic heat exchanger are single heat exchanger.
6. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gas side of described wet tank, described first cryogenic heat exchanger group and described compressor bank form Cryogenic air reflux passage by cryogenic piping connection.
7. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described single warm area liquid pre-cooling working medium stores cold with sensible heat form.
8. low temperature liquid air energy storage systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described first cryogenic heat exchanger, described second cryogenic heat exchanger and described regenerator are connected by cryogenic piping.
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| CN201610076382.5A CN105736056B (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | Liquid air energy storage system |
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| CN201610076382.5A CN105736056B (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2016-02-03 | Liquid air energy storage system |
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| CN105736056B CN105736056B (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106123423A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-16 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of low-temperature cold accumulation system and method |
| CN107542649A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cryogenic high pressure liquid air energy-storage system |
| CN110260148A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-20 | 四川泰博流体科技有限公司 | A kind of storage facilities of liquid air, method and air liquefying apparatus |
| CN111486479A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-04 | 东南大学 | Dual-fuel ship power system based on liquid air energy storage and use method thereof |
| CN112254374A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cold-hot steam-electricity combined supply comprehensive energy system |
| CN112254369A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Liquid air energy storage system adopting absorption type air inlet precooling |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106123423A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-16 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of low-temperature cold accumulation system and method |
| CN106123423B (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | A kind of low-temperature cold accumulation system and method |
| CN107542649A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-05 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cryogenic high pressure liquid air energy-storage system |
| CN110260148A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-20 | 四川泰博流体科技有限公司 | A kind of storage facilities of liquid air, method and air liquefying apparatus |
| CN111486479A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-04 | 东南大学 | Dual-fuel ship power system based on liquid air energy storage and use method thereof |
| CN111486479B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-08-24 | 东南大学 | Dual-fuel ship power system based on liquid air energy storage and use method thereof |
| CN112254374A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Cold-hot steam-electricity combined supply comprehensive energy system |
| CN112254369A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Liquid air energy storage system adopting absorption type air inlet precooling |
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Effective date of registration: 20230718 Address after: Building 2, No. 18 Lishi Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100010 Patentee after: Zhonglv Zhongke energy storage Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 29 East Zhongguancun Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100190 Patentee before: TECHNICAL INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES |