CN105088113B - Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy free forge piece for spaceflight - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy free forge piece for spaceflight and relates to a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy free forge piece. The method aims to solve the technical problems that an existing aluminum alloy free forge piece cannot have high strength, high corrosion resistance and low density at the same time so that the requirements for high strength, corrosion resistance and light weight of aluminum alloy materials in the spaceflight field cannot be met. The method comprises the steps of 1, preparing an aluminum alloy solution; 2, manufacturing a round cast ingot; 3, carrying out dual-stage homogenizing annealing treatment; 4, manufacturing forge piece blank; 5, carrying out free forging; 6, performing solid-solution hardening treatment; 7, performing cold deformation treatment; and 8, performing two-stage aging treatment. The method has the advantages that by optimizing alloy components and adopting the optimized solid solution and aging processes after forging, the requirement for the overall performance of the aluminum alloy free forge piece is met; the manufactured aluminum alloy free forge piece is good in surface quality, the finished forge piece in industrial production is good in performance, and the overall mechanical property is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of aluminium alloy open die forgings.
Background technology
Existing traditional high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy, such as 7050 alloy of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems, strength and toughness are high but not anti-corrosion；
Medium weldability aluminium alloy, such as Al-Zn-Mg systems 7005 and 7020 alloys, it is anti-corrosion but intensity is relatively low, cannot solve with high intensity
While have high corrosion resisting property and density little problem, it is impossible to meet space industry high-strength to aluminum alloy materials, anti-corrosion, light
The requirement of matter.
At present, China's a certain space flight a kind of open die forgings of product needed, it is desirable to which this kind of aluminium alloy open die forgings tension is strong
Degree reaches 460N/mm2, Proof strength of non-proportional reach 420N/mm2, elongation after fracture reaches 8%, fracture toughness and is not less than
27MPa·m1/2, density be not more than 2.8g/cm3, stress corrosion performance it is molten in the NaCl that mass concentration is 3.5% in soaking at room temperature
0.75 σ is loaded in liquid0.2Rupture time is more than 100h, can meet space industry to new diseases requirement.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve aluminum current alloy free forging cannot and meanwhile there is high intensity and high corrosion resistance with
And the problem that density is little, so as to meet, space industry is high-strength to aluminum alloy materials, anti-corrosion, lightweight requirement technology is asked
Topic, and a kind of manufacture method of space flight aluminium alloy open die forgings is provided.
A kind of space flight of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps with the manufacture method of aluminium alloy open die forgings：
First, prepare aluminium alloy solution：According to mass percent Zn of element：5.5%～7.5%, Mg：1.5%～
3.0%th, Cu：0.2%～0.55%, Zr：0.05%～0.18%, Si：≤ 0.10%, Fe：≤ 0.15%, Mn：0.2%～
0.45%th, Cr：0.005%～0.1%, Ti：0.01%～0.05%, Sc：0.15%～0.45% and the ratio point of surplus Al
Another name takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminium-scandium alloy ingot, aluminum zircaloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium titanium boron wire,
Then melting 8h～10h under the conditions of temperature is for 740 DEG C～760 DEG C, obtains molten aluminium alloy；
2nd, prepare circle ingot casting：By the molten aluminium alloy obtained in step one temperature be 700 DEG C～750 DEG C, casting speed
The bar that for 40mm/min～90mm/min, cooling water intensity be 0.03MPa～0.06MPa and cooling water temperature is 15 DEG C～35 DEG C
Under part, the round ingot casting of a diameter of 170mm and length for 3500mm～5000mm is poured into；
3rd, two-step homogenization annealing：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is carried out into two-step homogenization annealing, is obtained
The round ingot casting of annealing；Described two-step homogenization annealing is specially：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is 350 DEG C in temperature
8h～10h is incubated under conditions of～360 DEG C, is then warming up to 460 DEG C～470 DEG C from temperature for 350 DEG C～360 DEG C, in temperature
For being incubated 18h～20h under conditions of 460 DEG C～470 DEG C, room temperature after coming out of the stove, is naturally cooled to；
4th, prepare forge piece blank reheating：The surface scale whole car of the round ingot casting of annealing step 3 obtained on lathe
Ream, obtain the aluminium alloy round cast ingot of a diameter of 162mm, be then sawed into the forge piece blank reheating that length is 500mm；
5th, flat-die forging：The length that step 4 is obtained is 430 DEG C～450 DEG C for the forge piece blank reheating of 500mm in temperature
5h～7h is heated in resistance-heated furnace, 380 DEG C～400 DEG C are cooled to, and is then carried out under the conditions of temperature is for 380 DEG C～400 DEG C
Three pulling flat-die forgings, obtain size for the vertical of (150mm～160mm) × (160mm～170mm) × (350mm～360mm)
Cube forging；
6th, solid solution and Quenching Treatment：The size that step 5 is obtained is (150mm～160mm) × (160mm～170mm)
The milling on milling machine of the cube forging of × (350mm～360mm) is (135mm～145mm) × (145mm～155mm) into size
The cube open die forgings of × (335mm～345mm), in the salt bath furnace that temperature is 470 DEG C～480 DEG C be incubated 180min～
200min, is transferred in the water that temperature is 30 DEG C～40 DEG C in 30s, and in the quenching-in water that temperature is 30 DEG C～40 DEG C, obtains
Aluminum alloy forge piece to after quenching；
7th, cold deformation is processed：Aluminum alloy forge piece after the quenching obtained in step 6 is applied on 10,000 tons of forging machines
3%～5% deflection carries out deformation at room temperature process, obtains the aluminum alloy forge piece after deformation process；
8th, two-stage time effect is processed：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed carries out two-stage time effect process；
Described two-stage time effect is processed and is specially：The aluminum alloy forge piece that cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed temperature be 120 DEG C～
At 130 DEG C be incubated 6h～10h, be then warming up to 150 DEG C～160 DEG C from temperature for 120 DEG C～130 DEG C, temperature for 150 DEG C～
Under conditions of 160 DEG C be incubated 8h～10h, naturally cool to room temperature, on milling machine milling face into size be 130mm × 140mm ×
The aluminium alloy open die forgings of 330mm, obtains space flight aluminium alloy open die forgings.
Advantages of the present invention：
The present invention has reached aluminium alloy by optimized alloy composition using the solid solution and aging technique for optimizing after forging
The combination property demand of open die forgings, the surface quality of the aluminium alloy open die forgings of preparation are good, finished product forging in commercial production
Performance is good, and comprehensive mechanical property is excellent, by GB/T228《Metal material tensile testing at ambient temperature》Test T7452 states are certainly
460N/mm is more than by forging tensile strength2, Proof strength of non-proportional be more than 420N/mm2, elongation after fracture more than 8%, it is disconnected
Toughness is split more than 27MPa m1/2；By GB/T 22640《The ring specimen stress corrosion (cracking) test method of aluminium alloy converted productss》
The stress corrosion performance of test T7452 state aluminium alloy open die forgings is in soaking at room temperature in the NaCl solution that mass concentration is 3.5%
0.75 σ of middle loading0.2Rupture time is more than 100h；Density is less than 2.8g/cm3。
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one：Present embodiment is a kind of manufacture method of space flight aluminium alloy open die forgings, specifically
Carry out according to the following steps：
First, prepare aluminium alloy solution：According to mass percent Zn of element：5.5%～7.5%, Mg：1.5%～
3.0%th, Cu：0.2%～0.55%, Zr：0.05%～0.18%, Si：≤ 0.10%, Fe：≤ 0.15%, Mn：0.2%～
0.45%th, Cr：0.005%～0.1%, Ti：0.01%～0.05%, Sc：0.15%～0.45% and the ratio point of surplus Al
Another name takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminium-scandium alloy ingot, aluminum zircaloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium titanium boron wire,
Then melting 8h～10h under the conditions of temperature is for 740 DEG C～760 DEG C, obtains molten aluminium alloy；
2nd, prepare circle ingot casting：By the molten aluminium alloy obtained in step one temperature be 700 DEG C～750 DEG C, casting speed
The bar that for 40mm/min～90mm/min, cooling water intensity be 0.03MPa～0.06MPa and cooling water temperature is 15 DEG C～35 DEG C
Under part, the round ingot casting of a diameter of 170mm and length for 3500mm～5000mm is poured into；
3rd, two-step homogenization annealing：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is carried out into two-step homogenization annealing, is obtained
The round ingot casting of annealing；Described two-step homogenization annealing is specially：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is 350 DEG C in temperature
8h～10h is incubated under conditions of～360 DEG C, is then warming up to 460 DEG C～470 DEG C from temperature for 350 DEG C～360 DEG C, in temperature
For being incubated 18h～20h under conditions of 460 DEG C～470 DEG C, room temperature after coming out of the stove, is naturally cooled to；
4th, prepare forge piece blank reheating：The surface scale whole car of the round ingot casting of annealing step 3 obtained on lathe
Ream, obtain the aluminium alloy round cast ingot of a diameter of 162mm, be then sawed into the forge piece blank reheating that length is 500mm；
5th, flat-die forging：The length that step 4 is obtained is 430 DEG C～450 DEG C for the forge piece blank reheating of 500mm in temperature
5h～7h is heated in resistance-heated furnace, 380 DEG C～400 DEG C are cooled to, and is then carried out under the conditions of temperature is for 380 DEG C～400 DEG C
Three pulling flat-die forgings, obtain size for the vertical of (150mm～160mm) × (160mm～170mm) × (350mm～360mm)
Cube forging；
6th, solid solution and Quenching Treatment：The size that step 5 is obtained is (150mm～160mm) × (160mm～170mm)
The milling on milling machine of the cube forging of × (350mm～360mm) is (135mm～145mm) × (145mm～155mm) into size
The cube open die forgings of × (335mm～345mm), in the salt bath furnace that temperature is 470 DEG C～480 DEG C be incubated 180min～
200min, is transferred in the water that temperature is 30 DEG C～40 DEG C in 30s, and in the quenching-in water that temperature is 30 DEG C～40 DEG C, obtains
Aluminum alloy forge piece to after quenching；
7th, cold deformation is processed：Aluminum alloy forge piece after the quenching obtained in step 6 is applied on 10,000 tons of forging machines
3%～5% deflection carries out deformation at room temperature process, obtains the aluminum alloy forge piece after deformation process；
8th, two-stage time effect is processed：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed carries out two-stage time effect process；
Described two-stage time effect is processed and is specially：The aluminum alloy forge piece that cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed temperature be 120 DEG C～
At 130 DEG C be incubated 6h～10h, be then warming up to 150 DEG C～160 DEG C from temperature for 120 DEG C～130 DEG C, temperature for 150 DEG C～
Under conditions of 160 DEG C be incubated 8h～10h, naturally cool to room temperature, on milling machine milling face into size be 130mm × 140mm ×
The aluminium alloy open die forgings of 330mm, obtains space flight aluminium alloy open die forgings.
Specific embodiment two：Difference of the present embodiment from specific embodiment one is：Fine aluminium described in step one
The purity of ingot is more than 99.7%.Other are identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three：Difference of the present embodiment from specific embodiment one or two is：Described in step
In aluminium titanium boron wire, the mass fraction of titanium is 5%, and the mass fraction of boron is 0.2%, and remaining is aluminum.Other and specific embodiment one
Or two is identical.
Specific embodiment four：Difference of the present embodiment from specific embodiment one to three is：Will step in step 2
The molten aluminium alloy obtained in rapid one temperature be 750 DEG C, casting speed be 60mm/min, cooling water intensity be 0.06MPa and
Under conditions of cooling water temperature is 25 DEG C, the round ingot casting of a diameter of 170mm and length for 3500mm is poured into.Other and concrete reality
Apply mode one to three identical.
Specific embodiment five：Difference of the present embodiment from specific embodiment one to four is：Will step in step 3
The rapid two round ingot castings for obtaining carry out two-step homogenization annealing, obtain the round ingot casting annealed；Described two-step homogenization annealing
Process is specially：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained temperature be 360 DEG C under conditions of be incubated 10h, then from temperature be 360 DEG C
470 DEG C are warming up to, and 20h are incubated under conditions of temperature is for 470 DEG C, are naturally cooled to room temperature after coming out of the stove.Other be embodied as
Mode one to four is identical.
Specific embodiment six：Difference of the present embodiment from specific embodiment one to five is：Described in step 6
The heating medium of salt bath furnace is made up of for 75% sodium nitrate the potassium nitrate and mass fraction that mass fraction is 25%.Other with it is concrete
Embodiment one to five is identical.
Specific embodiment seven：Difference of the present embodiment from specific embodiment one to six is：Described in step 8
Two-stage time effect process be specially：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed is to be incubated at 130 DEG C in temperature
8h, is then warming up to 160 DEG C from temperature for 130 DEG C, is incubated 10h, naturally cools to room temperature under conditions of temperature is for 160 DEG C,
On milling machine, milling face is the aluminium alloy open die forgings of 130mm × 140mm × 330mm into size, obtains space flight aluminium alloy freedom
Forging.Other are identical with specific embodiment one to six.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by tests below：
Test one：This test is a kind of manufacture method of space flight aluminium alloy open die forgings, is specifically entered according to the following steps
Capable：
First, prepare aluminium alloy solution：According to mass percent Zn of element：6.3%th, Mg：2.2%th, Cu：0.4%th, Zr：
0.1%th, Si：0.05%th, Fe：0.08%th, Mn：0.3%th, Cr：0.05%th, Ti：0.03%th, Sc：0.28% and the ratio of surplus Al
Example weighs fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminium-scandium alloy ingot, aluminum zircaloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminum titanium respectively
Boron filament, then the melting 9h under the conditions of temperature is for 750 DEG C, obtains molten aluminium alloy；
2nd, prepare circle ingot casting：By the molten aluminium alloy obtained in step one temperature be 725 DEG C, casting speed be 65mm/
Under conditions of min, cooling water intensity are 0.035MPa and cooling water temperature is 25 DEG C, pour into a diameter of 170mm and length is
The round ingot casting of 5000mm；
3rd, two-step homogenization annealing：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is carried out into two-step homogenization annealing, is obtained
The round ingot casting of annealing；Described two-step homogenization annealing is specially：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is 355 DEG C in temperature
Under conditions of be incubated 10h, be then warming up to 465 DEG C from temperature for 355 DEG C, temperature be 465 DEG C under conditions of be incubated 18h, go out
Furnace rear naturally cools to room temperature；
4th, prepare forge piece blank reheating：The surface scale whole car of the round ingot casting of annealing step 3 obtained on lathe
Ream, obtain the aluminium alloy round cast ingot of a diameter of 162mm, be then sawed into the forge piece blank reheating that length is 500mm；
5th, flat-die forging：The length that step 4 is obtained adds in the resistance that temperature is 440 DEG C for the forge piece blank reheating of 500mm
6h is heated in hot stove, 390 DEG C are cooled to, and then three pulling flat-die forgings is carried out under the conditions of temperature is for 390 DEG C, is obtained size
For the cube forging of 150mm × 160mm × 350mm；
6th, solid solution and Quenching Treatment：Cube forging of the size that step 5 is obtained for 150mm × 160mm × 350mm
On milling machine milling into size for 135mm × 145mm × 335mm cube open die forgings, in the salt bath furnace that temperature is 470 DEG C
Insulation 180min, is transferred in the water that temperature is 35 DEG C in 30s, and in the quenching-in water that temperature is 35 DEG C, after being quenched
Aluminum alloy forge piece；
7th, cold deformation is processed：Aluminum alloy forge piece after the quenching obtained in step 6 is applied on 10,000 tons of forging machines
4% deflection carries out deformation at room temperature process, obtains the aluminum alloy forge piece after deformation process；
8th, two-stage time effect is processed：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed carries out two-stage time effect process；
Described two-stage time effect is processed and is specially：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed is at 120 DEG C in temperature
Insulation 8h, is then warming up to 150 DEG C from temperature for 120 DEG C, is incubated 8h, naturally cools to room under conditions of temperature is for 150 DEG C
Temperature, on milling machine, milling face is the aluminium alloy open die forgings of 130mm × 140mm × 330mm into size, obtains space flight aluminium alloy certainly
By forging.
The purity of the fine aluminium ingot described in step one is more than 99.7%；The mass fraction of titanium in aluminium titanium boron wire described in step one
For 5%, the mass fraction of boron is 0.2%, and remaining is aluminum；The heating medium of the salt bath furnace described in step 6 by mass fraction is
25% potassium nitrate and mass fraction are constituted for 75% sodium nitrate.
The space flight that this test is obtained passes through GB/T228 with aluminium alloy open die forgings《Metal material tensile testing at ambient temperature》
Test T7452 state forging tensile strength is 515N/mm2, Proof strength of non-proportional be 480N/mm2, elongation after fracture be
12%th, fracture toughness is 36MPa m1/2；By GB/T 22640《The ring specimen stress corrosion (cracking) test of aluminium alloy converted productss
Method》The stress corrosion performance of test T7452 state aluminum alloy forge pieces, soaking at room temperature is in 3.5%NaCl solution and loads 360N/
mm2Stress condition under, sample is still unbroken after 600h；Density is 2.78g/cm3。
Space flight aluminium alloy open die forgings prepared by this test can be answered as space flight T7452 state aluminium alloys open die forgings
With.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of manufacture method of space flight with aluminium alloy open die forgings, it is characterised in that manufacture of the space flight with aluminium alloy open die forgings
Method is carried out according to the following steps：
First, prepare aluminium alloy solution：According to mass percent Zn of element：6.3%th, Mg：2.2%th, Cu：0.4%th, Zr：
0.1%th, Si：0.05%th, Fe：0.08%th, Mn：0.3%th, Cr：0.05%th, Ti：0.03%th, Sc：0.28% and the ratio of surplus Al
Example weighs fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminium-scandium alloy ingot, aluminum zircaloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminum titanium respectively
Boron filament, then the melting 9h under the conditions of temperature is for 750 DEG C, obtains molten aluminium alloy；
2nd, prepare circle ingot casting：By the molten aluminium alloy obtained in step one temperature be 725 DEG C, casting speed be 65mm/min,
Under conditions of cooling water intensity is 0.035MPa and cooling water temperature is 25 DEG C, pours into a diameter of 170mm and length is
The round ingot casting of 5000mm；
3rd, two-step homogenization annealing：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is carried out into two-step homogenization annealing, is annealed
Round ingot casting；Described two-step homogenization annealing is specially：The round ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is in the bar that temperature is 355 DEG C
10h is incubated under part, then 465 DEG C is warming up to from temperature for 355 DEG C, is incubated 18h, after coming out of the stove under conditions of temperature is for 465 DEG C
Naturally cool to room temperature；
4th, prepare forge piece blank reheating：The surface scale whole turning of the round ingot casting of the annealing on lathe obtaining step 3 is fallen,
The aluminium alloy round cast ingot of a diameter of 162mm is obtained, the forge piece blank reheating that length is 500mm is then sawed into；
5th, flat-die forging：The length that step 4 is obtained is the forge piece blank reheating of 500mm in the resistance-heated furnace that temperature is 440 DEG C
Middle heating 6h, is cooled to 390 DEG C, then carries out three pulling flat-die forgings under the conditions of temperature is for 390 DEG C, and obtaining size is
The cube forging of 150mm × 160mm × 350mm；
6th, solid solution and Quenching Treatment：The size that step 5 is obtained is the cube forging of 150mm × 160mm × 350mm in milling
On bed, milling is the cube open die forgings of 135mm × 145mm × 335mm into size, is incubated in the salt bath furnace that temperature is 470 DEG C
180min, is transferred in the water that temperature is 35 DEG C in 30s, and in the quenching-in water that temperature is 35 DEG C, the aluminum after being quenched
Alloy forged piece；
7th, cold deformation is processed：The aluminum alloy forge piece after the quenching obtained in step 6 is applied 4% on 10,000 tons of forging machines to become
Shape amount carries out deformation at room temperature process, obtains the aluminum alloy forge piece after deformation process；
8th, two-stage time effect is processed：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed carries out two-stage time effect process；It is described
Two-stage time effect process be specially：The aluminum alloy forge piece that the cold deformation that step 7 is obtained is processed is to be incubated at 120 DEG C in temperature
8h, is then warming up to 150 DEG C from temperature for 120 DEG C, is incubated 8h, naturally cools to room temperature under conditions of temperature is for 150 DEG C,
On milling machine, milling face is the aluminium alloy open die forgings of 130mm × 140mm × 330mm into size, obtains space flight aluminium alloy open die forging
Part；
The purity of the fine aluminium ingot described in step one is more than 99.7%；In aluminium titanium boron wire described in step one, the mass fraction of titanium is
5%, the mass fraction of boron is 0.2%, and remaining is aluminum；The heating medium of the salt bath furnace described in step 6 is 25% by mass fraction
Potassium nitrate and mass fraction be 75% sodium nitrate composition.
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| IL156386A0 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-01-04 | Alcoa Inc | Aluminum alloy products and artificial aging method |
| EP1904659B1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2018-11-14 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany GmbH | A wrought aluminum aa7000-series alloy product and method of producing said product |
| CN101479397B (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2013-03-13 | 肯联铝业轧制品-雷文斯伍德有限公司 | High strength, heat treatable al-zn-mg aluminum alloy |
| US8002913B2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2011-08-23 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | AA7000-series aluminum alloy products and a method of manufacturing thereof |
| CN102732761B (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-01-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | 7000 series aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104745985A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-01 | 青岛玉光精铸厂 | Heat treatment technology of 7050 high-strength aluminum alloy forge piece |
| CN104099542B (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2016-05-04 | 贵州航天新力铸锻有限责任公司 | The heat treatment method of aluminium alloy heavy forging |
| CN104178711A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-12-03 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Manufacturing method for aerospace aluminum alloy board |
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