CN104178711A - Manufacturing method for aerospace aluminum alloy board - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for aerospace aluminum alloy board Download PDFInfo
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- CN104178711A CN104178711A CN201410414588.5A CN201410414588A CN104178711A CN 104178711 A CN104178711 A CN 104178711A CN 201410414588 A CN201410414588 A CN 201410414588A CN 104178711 A CN104178711 A CN 104178711A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method for an aerospace aluminum alloy board, and relates to the manufacturing method for the aerospace aluminum alloy board. According to the manufacturing method, the problems that an existing board is low in strength, percentage elongation after fracture, density and welding coefficient, and the tensile stress corrosion property cannot satisfy the requirements of aerospace products are solved. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: I, preparing molten aluminum alloy; II, preparing a square cast ingot; III, annealing; IV, preparing an aluminum alloy square cast ingot; V, preparing a board preform body; VI, heating; VII, preparing an aluminum alloy board; VIII, cutting off; IX, carrying out solution treatment and quenching; X, carrying out aging treatment; and XI, cutting and sawing to obtain the aerospace aluminum alloy board. The manufacturing method is used for manufacturing the aerospace aluminum alloy board.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials.
Background technology
At present, a kind of special sheet material of product needed for a certain space flight of China, requires this kind of aluminum alloy T 6 state sheet material tensile strength to reach 540N/mm
2, Proof strength of non-proportional reaches 480N/mm
2, elongation after fracture reaches 8%, density is not more than 2.8g/cm
3, argon arc welding welding coefficient is greater than 0.8, tensile stress corrosive nature loads 0.75 σ in 3.5%NaCl solution in soaking at room temperature
0.2rupture time is greater than 100h.But all kinds of aluminum alloy plate materials of existing explained hereafter cannot meet the application requiring of space flight articles for use.
Summary of the invention
Intensity, elongation after fracture, density, welding coefficient that the present invention will solve existing sheet material are low, and tensile stress corrosive nature do not meet the space flight problem of product requirement, and the manufacture method of a kind of space flight aluminum alloy plate materials is provided.
A manufacture method for aluminum alloy plate materials for space flight, specifically carry out according to following steps:
One, prepare molten aluminium alloy: first by massfraction 5.5%~6.5%Zn, 1.8%~2.5%Mg, 0.2%~0.4%Cu, 0.05%~0.15%Zr, 0.05%~0.10%Si, 0.05%~0.15%Fe, 0.2%~0.4%Mn, 0.05%~0.1%Cr, 0.01%~0.05%Ti, 0.2%~0.3%Sc and surplus are that aluminium takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminum scandium alloy ingot, aluminium zirconium alloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent, then be melting 6h~9h in the smelting furnace of 720 DEG C~760 DEG C in temperature, obtain molten aluminium alloy,
Two, the side's of preparation ingot casting: be that 725 DEG C~750 DEG C, casting speed are that 80mm/min~90mm/min, temperature of cooling water are that to be cast as thick be 440mm and the wide square ingot casting for 1300mm for the molten aluminium alloy that under 18 DEG C~25 DEG C and the water coolant intensity condition that is 0.01MPa~0.03MPa, step 1 obtained in casting temp;
Three, annealing: the square ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is to be incubated 20h~24h under the condition of 470 DEG C~480 DEG C in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature and obtains the square ingot casting after annealing after coming out of the stove;
Four, prepare aluminum alloy square ingot casting: under room temperature condition, use planer that the square ingot casting after annealing is gone to surperficial casting oxide skin, obtaining thick is 380mm~390mm and the wide aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 1250mm;
Five, prepare sheet material blank: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine that the thick aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being is cut into length for 1320mm, the thick sheet material blank for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being;
Six, heating: it is that the resistance heading furnace of 375 DEG C~420 DEG C heats that the sheet material blank that step 5 is obtained is put into temperature, and be 12h~16h heat-up time, obtains hot sheet blank;
Seven, prepare aluminum alloy plate materials: the hot sheet blank that step 6 is obtained is that 380 DEG C~420 DEG C and finishing temperature are to use mill milling under the condition of 350 DEG C~370 DEG C at start rolling temperature, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials;
Eight, cut off: under room temperature condition, use the defect part of sawing machine excision aluminum alloy plate materials, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous;
Nine, solution treatment and quenching: be that at the bottom of using roller under the condition of 470 DEG C~480 DEG C, stove carries out solution treatment in temperature by the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous, treatment time is 50min~60min, then be the quenching-in water 0s~30s of 0 DEG C~35 DEG C in temperature, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching;
Ten, ageing treatment: be at 105 DEG C~125 DEG C by the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching in temperature, insulation 22h~24h, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after ageing treatment;
11, cut saw: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine to cut the aluminum alloy plate materials after saw ageing treatment, obtain space flight aluminum alloy plate materials.
Space flight prepared by the present invention is T6 state aluminum alloy plate materials with aluminum alloy plate materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is by optimized alloy composition, after rolling, adopt solid solution and the aging technique optimized, reach the over-all properties demand of space flight product to this sheet alloy, aluminum alloy plate materials entity size, the surface quality of preparation are good, in industrial production, become plate property good, comprehensive mechanical property is good, is not less than 540N/mm by GB/T228 " metallic substance tensile testing at ambient temperature " test T6 state sheet material tensile strength
2, Proof strength of non-proportional is not less than 480N/mm
2, elongation after fracture is not less than 8%; Tensile stress corrosive nature by HB5254 " wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching test method " test T6 state aluminum alloy plate materials loads 0.75 σ in 3.5%NaCl solution in soaking at room temperature
0.2rupture time is greater than 100h; Density is not more than 2.8g/cm
3, argon arc welding welding coefficient is greater than 0.8.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight described in present embodiment, specifically carry out according to following steps:
One, prepare molten aluminium alloy: first by massfraction 5.5%~6.5%Zn, 1.8%~2.5%Mg, 0.2%~0.4%Cu, 0.05%~0.15%Zr, 0.05%~0.10%Si, 0.05%~0.15%Fe, 0.2%~0.4%Mn, 0.05%~0.1%Cr, 0.01%~0.05%Ti, 0.2%~0.3%Sc and surplus are that aluminium takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminum scandium alloy ingot, aluminium zirconium alloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent, then be melting 6h~9h in the smelting furnace of 720 DEG C~760 DEG C in temperature, obtain molten aluminium alloy,
Two, the side's of preparation ingot casting: be that 725 DEG C~750 DEG C, casting speed are that 80mm/min~90mm/min, temperature of cooling water are that to be cast as thick be 440mm and the wide square ingot casting for 1300mm for the molten aluminium alloy that under 18 DEG C~25 DEG C and the water coolant intensity condition that is 0.01MPa~0.03MPa, step 1 obtained in casting temp;
Three, annealing: the square ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is to be incubated 20h~24h under the condition of 470 DEG C~480 DEG C in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature and obtains the square ingot casting after annealing after coming out of the stove;
Four, prepare aluminum alloy square ingot casting: under room temperature condition, use planer that the square ingot casting after annealing is gone to surperficial casting oxide skin, obtaining thick is 380mm~390mm and the wide aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 1250mm;
Five, prepare sheet material blank: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine that the thick aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being is cut into length for 1320mm, the thick sheet material blank for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being;
Six, heating: it is that the resistance heading furnace of 375 DEG C~420 DEG C heats that the sheet material blank that step 5 is obtained is put into temperature, and be 12h~16h heat-up time, obtains hot sheet blank;
Seven, prepare aluminum alloy plate materials: the hot sheet blank that step 6 is obtained is that 380 DEG C~420 DEG C and finishing temperature are to use mill milling under the condition of 350 DEG C~370 DEG C at start rolling temperature, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials;
Eight, cut off: under room temperature condition, use the defect part of sawing machine excision aluminum alloy plate materials, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous;
Nine, solution treatment and quenching: be that at the bottom of using roller under the condition of 470 DEG C~480 DEG C, stove carries out solution treatment in temperature by the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous, treatment time is 50min~60min, then be the quenching-in water 0s~30s of 0 DEG C~35 DEG C in temperature, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching;
Ten, ageing treatment: be at 105 DEG C~125 DEG C by the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching in temperature, insulation 22h~24h, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after ageing treatment;
11, cut saw: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine to cut the aluminum alloy plate materials after saw ageing treatment, obtain space flight aluminum alloy plate materials.
The impurity element such as Si and Fe in present embodiment derives from aluminium ingot.
Impurity Si≤0.10%, Fe≤0.15% in the aluminum alloy plate materials of present embodiment, other single impurity≤0.05%, the impurity within the scope of this does not affect the performance of aluminum alloy plate materials.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is: present embodiment is by optimized alloy composition, after rolling, adopt solid solution and the aging technique optimized, reach the over-all properties demand of space flight product to this sheet alloy, aluminum alloy plate materials entity size, the surface quality of preparation are good, in industrial production, become plate property good, comprehensive mechanical property is good, is not less than 540N/mm by GB/T228 " metallic substance tensile testing at ambient temperature " test T6 state sheet material tensile strength
2, Proof strength of non-proportional is not less than 480N/mm
2, elongation after fracture is not less than 8%; Tensile stress corrosive nature by HB5254 " wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching test method " test T6 state aluminum alloy plate materials loads 0.75 σ in 3.5%NaCl solution in soaking at room temperature
0.2rupture time is greater than 100h; Density is not more than 2.8g/cm
3, argon arc welding welding coefficient is greater than 0.8.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is different from embodiment one: be first that aluminium takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminum scandium alloy ingot, aluminium zirconium alloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent by massfraction 6.0%Zn, 2.2%Mg, 0.3%Cu, 0.1%Zr, 0.05%Si, 0.08%Fe, 0.3%Mn, 0.05%Cr, 0.03%Ti, 0.2%~0.3%Sc and surplus in step 1, then be melting 7h in the smelting furnace of 730 DEG C in temperature, obtain molten aluminium alloy.。Other is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one or two: be that 730 DEG C, casting speed are that 85mm/min, temperature of cooling water are that to be cast as thick be 440mm and the wide square ingot casting for 1300mm for the molten aluminium alloy that under 22 DEG C and the water coolant intensity condition that is 0.02MPa, step 1 obtained in casting temp in step 2.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to three: the square ingot casting in step 3, step 2 being obtained is to be incubated 24h under the condition of 475 DEG C in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature and obtains the square ingot casting after annealing after coming out of the stove.Other is identical with embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to four: use sawing machine that the thick aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being is cut into length for 1320mm, the thick sheet material blank for 385mm and the wide 1250mm of being in step 5 under room temperature condition.Other is identical with embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to five: it is that the resistance heading furnace of 420 DEG C heats that the sheet material blank in step 6, step 5 being obtained is put into temperature, and be 12h heat-up time, obtains hot sheet blank.Other is identical with embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to six: the hot sheet blank in step 7, step 6 being obtained is that 400 DEG C and finishing temperature are to use mill milling under the condition of 360 DEG C at start rolling temperature, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials.Other is identical with embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to seven: be that at the bottom of using roller under the condition of 475 DEG C, stove carries out solution treatment in temperature by the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous in step 9, treatment time is 55min, then be the quenching-in water 20s of 18 DEG C in temperature, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching.Other is identical with embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is different from one of embodiment one to eight: be at 120 DEG C by the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching in temperature in step 10, insulation 24h, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after ageing treatment.Other is identical with embodiment one to eight.
Adopt following examples to verify beneficial effect of the present invention:
Embodiment:
The manufacture method of a kind of aviation aluminum alloy pre-stretching plate described in the present embodiment, specifically carry out according to following steps:
One, prepare molten aluminium alloy: be first that aluminium takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminum scandium alloy ingot, aluminium zirconium alloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent by massfraction 6.0%Zn, 2.2%Mg, 0.3%Cu, 0.1%Zr, 0.05%Si, 0.08%Fe, 0.3%Mn, 0.05%Cr, 0.03%Ti, 0.25%Sc and surplus, then be melting 7h in the smelting furnace of 730 DEG C in temperature, obtain molten aluminium alloy;
Two, the side's of preparation ingot casting: be that 730 DEG C, casting speed are that 85mm/min, temperature of cooling water are that to be cast as thick be 440mm and the wide square ingot casting for 1300mm for the molten aluminium alloy that under 22 DEG C and the water coolant intensity condition that is 0.02MPa, step 1 obtained in casting temp;
Three, annealing: the square ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is to be incubated 24h under the condition of 475 DEG C in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature and obtains the square ingot casting after annealing after coming out of the stove;
Four, prepare aluminum alloy square ingot casting: under room temperature condition, use planer that the square ingot casting after annealing is gone to surperficial casting oxide skin, obtaining thick is 385mm and the wide aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 1250mm;
Five, prepare sheet material blank: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine that the thick aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 385mm and the wide 1250mm of being is cut into length for 1320mm, the thick sheet material blank for 385mm and the wide 1250mm of being;
Six, heating: it is that the resistance heading furnace of 410 DEG C heats that the sheet material blank that step 5 is obtained is put into temperature, and be 12h heat-up time, obtains hot sheet blank;
Seven, prepare aluminum alloy plate materials: the hot sheet blank that step 6 is obtained is that 400 DEG C and finishing temperature are to use mill milling under the condition of 365 DEG C at start rolling temperature, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials;
Eight, cut off: under room temperature condition, use the defect part of sawing machine excision aluminum alloy plate materials, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous;
Nine, solution treatment and quenching: be that at the bottom of using roller under the condition of 475 DEG C, stove carries out solution treatment in temperature by the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous, the treatment time is 60min, is then the quenching-in water 20s of 18 DEG C in temperature, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching;
Ten, ageing treatment: be at 120 DEG C by the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching in temperature, insulation 24h, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after ageing treatment;
11, cut saw: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine to cut the aluminum alloy plate materials after saw ageing treatment, obtain space flight aluminum alloy plate materials.
Space flight prepared by the present embodiment is T6 state aluminum alloy plate materials with aluminum alloy plate materials.
Be 565N/mm by GB/T228 " metallic substance tensile testing at ambient temperature " test T6 state sheet material tensile strength
2, Proof strength of non-proportional is 515N/mm
2, elongation after fracture is 10%; Tensile stress corrosive nature by HB5254 " wrought aluminium alloy tensile stress etching test method " test T6 state aluminum alloy plate materials loads 0.75 σ in 3.5%NaCl solution in soaking at room temperature
0.2rupture time is 220h; Density is 2.76g/cm
3, argon arc welding welding coefficient is 0.85.
Claims (9)
1. a manufacture method for aluminum alloy plate materials for space flight, is characterized in that the manufacture method of a kind of space flight aluminum alloy plate materials completes according to the following steps:
One, prepare molten aluminium alloy: first by massfraction 5.5%~6.5%Zn, 1.8%~2.5%Mg, 0.2%~0.4%Cu, 0.05%~0.15%Zr, 0.05%~0.10%Si, 0.05%~0.15%Fe, 0.2%~0.4%Mn, 0.05%~0.1%Cr, 0.01%~0.05%Ti, 0.2%~0.3%Sc and surplus are that aluminium takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminum scandium alloy ingot, aluminium zirconium alloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent, then be melting 6h~9h in the smelting furnace of 720 DEG C~760 DEG C in temperature, obtain molten aluminium alloy,
Two, the side's of preparation ingot casting: be that 725 DEG C~750 DEG C, casting speed are that 80mm/min~90mm/min, temperature of cooling water are that to be cast as thick be 440mm and the wide square ingot casting for 1300mm for the molten aluminium alloy that under 18 DEG C~25 DEG C and the water coolant intensity condition that is 0.01MPa~0.03MPa, step 1 obtained in casting temp;
Three, annealing: the square ingot casting that step 2 is obtained is to be incubated 20h~24h under the condition of 470 DEG C~480 DEG C in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature and obtains the square ingot casting after annealing after coming out of the stove;
Four, prepare aluminum alloy square ingot casting: under room temperature condition, use planer that the square ingot casting after annealing is gone to surperficial casting oxide skin, obtaining thick is 380mm~390mm and the wide aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 1250mm;
Five, prepare sheet material blank: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine that the thick aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being is cut into length for 1320mm, the thick sheet material blank for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being;
Six, heating: it is that the resistance heading furnace of 375 DEG C~420 DEG C heats that the sheet material blank that step 5 is obtained is put into temperature, and be 12h~16h heat-up time, obtains hot sheet blank;
Seven, prepare aluminum alloy plate materials: the hot sheet blank that step 6 is obtained is that 380 DEG C~420 DEG C and finishing temperature are to use mill milling under the condition of 350 DEG C~370 DEG C at start rolling temperature, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials;
Eight, cut off: under room temperature condition, use the defect part of sawing machine excision aluminum alloy plate materials, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous;
Nine, solution treatment and quenching: be that at the bottom of using roller under the condition of 470 DEG C~480 DEG C, stove carries out solution treatment in temperature by the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous, treatment time is 50min~60min, then be the quenching-in water 0s~30s of 0 DEG C~35 DEG C in temperature, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching;
Ten, ageing treatment: be at 105 DEG C~125 DEG C by the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching in temperature, insulation 22h~24h, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after ageing treatment;
11, cut saw: under room temperature condition, use sawing machine to cut the aluminum alloy plate materials after saw ageing treatment, obtain space flight aluminum alloy plate materials.
2. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1 being first that aluminium takes fine aluminium ingot, fine copper ingot, pure magnesium ingot, pure zinc ingot, aluminum scandium alloy ingot, aluminium zirconium alloy ingot, aluminum titanium alloy ingot and aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent by massfraction 6.0%Zn, 2.2%Mg, 0.3%Cu, 0.1%Zr, 0.05%Si, 0.08%Fe, 0.3%Mn, 0.05%Cr, 0.03%Ti, 0.2%~0.3%Sc and surplus, then be melting 7h in the smelting furnace of 730 DEG C in temperature, obtain molten aluminium alloy.
3. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 2 in casting temp being that 730 DEG C, casting speed are that 85mm/min, temperature of cooling water are that to be cast as thick be 440mm and the wide square ingot casting for 1300mm for the molten aluminium alloy that under 22 DEG C and the water coolant intensity condition that is 0.02MPa, step 1 obtained.
4. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, is characterized in that the square ingot casting in step 3, step 2 being obtained is to be incubated 24h under the condition of 475 DEG C in temperature, naturally cools to room temperature and obtains the square ingot casting after annealing after coming out of the stove.
5. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, is characterized in that under room temperature condition, using sawing machine that the thick aluminum alloy square ingot casting for 380mm~390mm and the wide 1250mm of being is cut into length for 1320mm, the thick sheet material blank for 385mm and the wide 1250mm of being in step 5.
6. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, is characterized in that it is that the resistance heading furnace of 420 DEG C heats that the sheet material blank in step 6, step 5 being obtained is put into temperature, and be 12h heat-up time, obtains hot sheet blank.
7. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the hot sheet blank that in step 7, step 6 obtained is that 400 DEG C and finishing temperature are to use mill milling under the condition of 360 DEG C at start rolling temperature, obtains aluminum alloy plate materials.
8. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 9 being that at the bottom of using roller under the condition of 475 DEG C, stove carries out solution treatment in temperature by the aluminum alloy plate materials of quality homogeneous, treatment time is 55min, then be the quenching-in water 20s of 18 DEG C in temperature, obtain the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching.
9. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy plate materials for a kind of space flight according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 10 being at 120 DEG C by the aluminum alloy plate materials after quenching in temperature, and insulation 24h, obtains the aluminum alloy plate materials after ageing treatment.
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CN105088113A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy free forge piece for spaceflight |
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