CN102330004B - Manufacturing method for aluminum alloy die forgings - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for aluminum alloy die forgings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low tensile strength, low yield strength and low elongation of the conventional series 7 aluminum alloy, the invention provides a manufacturing method for aluminum alloy die forgings. The method sequentially comprises the following steps of: 1, proportioning of raw materials, smelting and casting; 2, uniform annealing; 3, die forging; 4, quenching; and 5, ageing. According to the method for manufacturing the aluminum alloy die forgings, by strict control of element content ratio in the aluminum alloy and reasonable thermal treatment process formulation, the tensile strength of the die forgings is more than 640MPa, the yield strength of the die forgings is more than 600MPa and the elongation of the die forgings is more than 5 percent; and by the method, the aluminum alloy microstructure is uniform and thinned, and good comprehensive performance is obtained.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings.
Background technology:
The advantage such as A1-8.5Zn-2.5Mg-2.2Cu alloy (belong to 7xxx and be associated gold) has that specific tenacity is high, good processability, corrosion resistance, high tenacity, creep resistance, the good over-all properties such as corrosion-resistant are better, being widely used in the manufacturing of fuselage, covering, wingbar, stringer and the aircraft of various aircrafts and the high-strength structure part in rocket etc., is indispensable important feature material in aerospace field.
For 7 being high-strength/tenacity aluminum alloy, its casting difficulty wants high than other aluminium alloy, and the invention of DC (Direct Chilling Casting) casting has promoted the development of aluminum alloy processing technology greatly.After this, produce thin slab except adopting casting and belt continuous casting, nearly all aluminium alloy ingot blank for press working all adopts the preparation of DC foundry engieering.
The ingot blank of aluminium alloy all adopts vertical DC casting usually, for boosting productivity, all adopts many continuous castings.But the common diameter of vertical continuous casting circle ingot casting is [Zhou Jiarong more than Φ 100mm all, aluminum alloy melt casting question and answer [M], Beijing, metallurgical industry press, 1987,177], ingot casting less than this size, casting is got up extremely difficult, so large multiple enterprises is all cast the larger ingot casting of diameter, and reprocessing [Wang Yuanku after extruding; Li Changbao, the improvement that secondary extrusion pipe material is produced, light alloy processing technology, 1987, No.10,11-15].Manufacturing procedure and tooling cost have been increased so undoubtedly, what is more important: for the higher goods of mechanical property requirements, be difficult to reach the requirement of performance index.
Adopting horizontal casting also can produce the less ingot casting of diameter, is 50-100mm as diameter.But the casting speed of horizontal casting is low, once can only produce several, can not realize that many (as more than 6) produce simultaneously, needs simultaneously the mechanisms such as servo-actuated saw, so not high [the little field island Kang Xiu of productivity; Teng Jing manages history; Liu Benmao, horizontal continuous-casting aluminium alloy rod and for the manufacture of the method and apparatus of this bar, Chinese patent application numbers 200480014480].
Also there is the problem that tensile strength is low, yield strength is low, unit elongation is little in 7 line aluminium alloys of prior art.
Summary of the invention:
Have for 7 present line aluminium alloys the problem that tensile strength is low, yield strength is low, unit elongation is little, the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings, can address the above problem preferably.
Described purpose is achieved by the following scheme:
A kind of manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings, carry out according to the following steps successively:
One, according to element mass percent Si≤0.12% in the A1-8.5Zn-2.5Mg-2.2Cu alloy die forgings, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.0-2.6%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.3-3.0%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.0-9.0%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.10-0.20%, Be:0.0002-0.002%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, all the other are Al, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe is prepared burden, starting material are joined in dry smelting furnace, and heating;
Two, Heating temperature melting 5～6h under the condition of 700 ℃～750 ℃, then add insulating covering agent by 0.5%～0.6% of metal quality in smelting furnace, continuing melting under the condition of 700 ℃～750 ℃ all melts the material in smelting furnace in the time at 10h～14h, open and stir, then the volume ratio with argon gas and chlorine is the Ar-C1 of 31～33.5:1
2The mixed gas refining, standing 30min obtains molten aluminium alloy;
Three, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is placed in the chute upper end, to be poured in crystallizer after the ceramic filter filtration through 30ppi and 50ppi successively through the molten aluminium alloy that step 2 obtains, in the time of cast, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is inserted in chute with the speed of 830-860mm/min, make the element in the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent evenly fuse in alloy molten solution; Al-ti-b refiner and aluminium alloy solution weight ratio are 1:80-90;
Four, be that 690 ℃～720 ℃, hydraulic pressure are that 0.03～0.10MPa, speed are under the condition of 140～200mm/min, the alloy molten solution of step 3 gained to be cast as aluminium alloy round cast ingot in temperature;
Five, the round ingot casting railway carriage, the sawing that step 4 are obtained become forging blank;
Six, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 5 is obtained is heated to 465 ℃～475 ℃, insulation 20h～25h, then air cooling;
Seven, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 6 is obtained is heated to 350 ℃～380 ℃ and be incubated 2h, then aluminium alloy round cast ingot is placed on and is forged into the stamp work work in-process on die forging machine;
Eight, the stamp work work in-process that step 7 obtained are that 465 ℃～475 ℃, soaking time are that the temperature of 0.5h～1.5h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is quenched under the condition of＜35 ℃ in temperature;
Nine, the stamp work that step 8 is obtained is that 125 ℃～135 ℃, soaking time are timeliness under 14h～18h condition in temperature.
Insulating covering agent described in step 2 is No. 2 flux, is mixed by 50%KCl and 50%NaCl by mass percentage.
The diameter of the described aluminium alloy round cast ingot of step 4 is 65-75mm.
Forging blank specification in step 5 is φ 58～62mm * 78～82mm.
In step 8, the stamp work work in-process are that 470 ℃, soaking time are that the temperature of 1h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is quenched under the condition of＜35 ℃ in temperature.Cooling fluid be formulated as polyoxyethylene glycol: water=1-2:5.
In step 9, stamp work is that 130 ℃, soaking time are timeliness under the condition of 16h in temperature.
Preferred version is to press the mass percent of element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.1%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.9%, Ct≤0.05%, Zn:8.5%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.15%, Be:0.0018%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
Preferred version is to press the mass percent of element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.5%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.4%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.2%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.18%, Be:0.0003%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
Preferred version is to press the mass percent of element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.3%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.6%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.8%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.11%, Be:0.001%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that A1 makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
The aluminum alloy die forgings that the method for the invention is made, by the strict control of contents of elements in aluminum alloy ratio and reasonably thermal treatment process formulation, the tensile strength that makes aluminum alloy die forgings greater than 640MPa, yield strength greater than 600MPa, unit elongation greater than 5%, method of the present invention make the aluminium alloy microtexture evenly, refinement, and obtained good over-all properties.
Embodiment:
The below elaborates the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
A kind of manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings, carry out according to the following steps successively:
One, according to element mass percent Si≤0.12% in the A1-8.5Zn-2.5Mg-2.2Cu alloy die forgings, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.0%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:3.0%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.5%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.20%, Be:0.0002%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, all the other are Al, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe is prepared burden, starting material are joined in dry smelting furnace, and heating;
Two, Heating temperature melting 5.5h under the condition of 700 ℃, then add flux No. 2 by 0.5% of metal quality in smelting furnace, and described No. 2 flux are mixed by 50%KCl and 50%NaCl by mass percentage.Continue melting under the condition of 720 ° of C the material in smelting furnace was all melted within the time of 10h～14h, open and stir, then the volume ratio with argon gas and chlorine is the Ar-C1 of 31:1
2The mixed gas refining, standing 30min obtains molten aluminium alloy;
Three, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is placed in the chute upper end, to be poured in crystallizer after the ceramic filter filtration through 30ppi and 50ppi successively through the molten aluminium alloy that step 2 obtains, in the time of cast, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is inserted in chute with the speed of 830mm/min, element in the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is evenly fused in alloy molten solution, and al-ti-b refiner and aluminium alloy solution weight ratio are 1:80～90;
Four, be that 710 ℃, hydraulic pressure are that 0.03MPa, speed are under the condition of 130-150mm/min, the alloy molten solution of step 3 gained to be cast as the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that diameter is 65-75mm in temperature;
Five, the forging blank that the round ingot casting railway carriage that step 4 is obtained, sawing become φ 58～62mm * 78～82mm;
Six, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 5 is obtained is heated to 465 ℃, insulation 20h, then air cooling;
Seven, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 6 is obtained is heated to 375 ℃ and be incubated 2h, then aluminium alloy round cast ingot is placed on and is forged into the stamp work work in-process on die forging machine;
Eight, the stamp work that step 7 is obtained is 470 ℃ in temperature, asks when being incubated that the temperature for 0.5h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is to quench under the condition of＜35 ℃; Being formulated as of cooling fluid, in volume ratio, polyoxyethylene glycol: water=1-2:5.
Nine, the stamp work that step 8 is obtained is that 130 ℃, soaking time are timeliness under the 16h condition in temperature.
The tensile strength that experiment showed, the described aluminum alloy die forgings of the present embodiment is that 650MPa, yield strength are that 620MPa, unit elongation are 8%.
Embodiment two:
The distinctive points of the present embodiment and embodiment one is, it carries out successively according to the following steps:
One, according to element mass percent Si≤0.12% in the A1-8.5Zn-2.5Mg-2.2Cu alloy die forgings, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.6%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.3%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:9.0%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.10%, Be:0.001%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, all the other are A1, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe is prepared burden, starting material are joined in dry smelting furnace, and heating;
Two, Heating temperature melting 6h under the condition of 750 ℃, then add insulating covering agent by 0.6% of metal quality in smelting furnace, continuing melting under the condition of 750 ° of C all melts the material in smelting furnace within the time of 10h～14h, open and stir, then the volume ratio with argon gas and chlorine is the Ar-C1 of 33.5:1
2The mixed gas refining, standing 30min obtains molten aluminium alloy;
Three, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is placed in the chute upper end, to be poured in crystallizer after the ceramic filter filtration through 30ppi and 50ppi successively through the molten aluminium alloy that step 2 obtains, in the time of cast, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is inserted in chute with the speed of 860mm/min, element in the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is evenly fused in alloy molten solution, and al-ti-b refiner and aluminium alloy solution weight ratio are 1: 80～90;
Four, be that 720 ℃, hydraulic pressure are that 0.05MPa, speed are under the condition of 170-190mm/min, the alloy molten solution of step 3 gained to be cast as aluminium alloy round cast ingot in temperature;
Five, the round ingot casting railway carriage, the sawing that step 4 are obtained become forging blank, and the blank specification is φ 58～62mm * 78～82mm;
Six, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 5 is obtained is heated to 470 ℃, insulation 25h, then air cooling:
Seven, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 6 is obtained is heated to 350 ℃ and be incubated 2h, then aluminium alloy round cast ingot is placed on and is forged into the stamp work work in-process on die forging machine;
Eight, the stamp work that step 7 is obtained is that 465 ℃, soaking time are that the temperature of 1h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is quenched under the condition of＜35 ℃ in temperature;
Nine, the stamp work that step 8 is obtained is that 125 ℃, soaking time are timeliness under the 18h condition in temperature.
The tensile strength that experiment showed, the described aluminum alloy die forgings of the present embodiment is that 660MPa, yield strength are that 630MPa, unit elongation are 5.5%.
Embodiment three:
The distinctive points of the present embodiment and embodiment one is, it carries out successively according to the following steps:
One, according to element mass percent Si≤0.12% in the A1-8.5Zn-2.5Mg-2.2Cu alloy die forgings, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.2%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.6%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn.8.0%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.15%, Be:0.002%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, all the other are Al, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe is prepared burden, starting material are joined in dry smelting furnace, and heating;
Two, Heating temperature melting 5h under the condition of 725 ℃, then add insulating covering agent by 0.55% of metal quality in smelting furnace, continuing melting under the condition of 700 ° of C all melts the material in smelting furnace within the time of 10h～14h, open and stir, then the volume ratio with argon gas and chlorine is the Ar-C1 of 32:1
2The mixed gas refining, standing 30min obtains molten aluminium alloy;
Three, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is placed in the chute upper end, to be poured in crystallizer after the ceramic filter filtration through 30ppi and 50ppi successively through the molten aluminium alloy that step 2 obtains, in the time of cast, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is inserted in chute with the speed of 840mm/min, element in the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is evenly fused in alloy molten solution, and al-ti-b refiner and aluminium alloy solution weight ratio are 1:80～90;
Four, be that 690 ℃, hydraulic pressure are that 0.10MPa, speed are under the condition of 200mm/min, the alloy molten solution of step 3 gained to be cast as aluminium alloy round cast ingot in temperature;
Five, the round ingot casting railway carriage, the sawing that step 4 are obtained become forging blank; The blank specification is φ 58～62mm * 78～82mm.
Six, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 5 is obtained is heated to 475 ℃, insulation 23h, then air cooling;
Seven, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 6 is obtained is heated to 380 ℃ and be incubated 2h, then aluminium alloy round cast ingot is placed on and is forged into the stamp work work in-process on die forging machine;
Eight, the stamp work that step 7 is obtained is that 475 ℃, soaking time are that the temperature of 1.5h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is quenched under the condition of＜35 ℃ in temperature;
Nine, the stamp work that step 8 is obtained is that 135 ° of C, soaking time are timeliness under the 14h condition in temperature.
The tensile strength that experiment showed, the described aluminum alloy die forgings of the present embodiment is that 670MPa, yield strength are that 640MPa, unit elongation are 8.3%.
Embodiment four
The distinctive points of the present embodiment and embodiment one only is, presses the mass percent of element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.1%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.9%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.5%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.15%, Be:0.0018%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
The tensile strength that experiment showed, the described aluminum alloy die forgings of the present embodiment is that 655MPa, yield strength are that 635MPa, unit elongation are 7.6%.
Embodiment five
The distinctive points of the present embodiment and embodiment one only is, presses the mass percent of element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.5%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.4%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.2%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.18%, Be:0.0003%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
The tensile strength that experiment showed, the described aluminum alloy die forgings of the present embodiment is that 667MPa, yield strength are that 642MPa, unit elongation are 6.8%.
Embodiment six
The distinctive points of the present embodiment and embodiment one only is, presses the mass percent of element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.3%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.6%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.8%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.11%, Be:0.001%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
The tensile strength that experiment showed, the described aluminum alloy die forgings of the present embodiment is that 648MPa, yield strength are that 629MPa, unit elongation are 6.2%.
Above-mentioned embodiment is the exemplary illustration of this patent not to be limited its protection domain; those skilled in the art can also carry out the part to it and change; so long as do not exceed the spirit of this patent, all be shown the replacement that is equal to this patent, all within the protection domain of this patent.
Claims (10)
1. the manufacture method of an aluminum alloy die forgings is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps successively:
One, according to element mass percent Si≤0.12% in the A1-8.5Zn-2.5Mg-2.2Cu alloy die forgings, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.0-2.6%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.3-3.0%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.0-9.0%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.10-0.20%, Be:0.0002-0.002%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, all the other are A1, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe is prepared burden, starting material are joined in dry smelting furnace, and heating;
Two, Heating temperature melting 5～6h under the condition of 700 ℃～750 ℃, then add insulating covering agent by 0.5%～0.6% of metal quality in smelting furnace, continuing melting under the condition of 700 ℃～750 ℃ all melts the material in smelting furnace in the time at 10h～14h, open and stir, then the volume ratio with argon gas and chlorine is the Ar-C1 of 31～33.5:1
2The mixed gas refining, standing 30min obtains molten aluminium alloy;
Three, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is placed in the chute upper end, to be poured in crystallizer after the ceramic filter filtration through 30ppi and 50ppi successively through the molten aluminium alloy that step 2 obtains, in the time of cast, the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is inserted in chute with the speed of 830-860mm/min, element in the aluminium Ti, B grain graining agent is evenly fused in alloy molten solution, and al-ti-b refiner and aluminium alloy solution weight ratio are 1:80～90;
Four, be that 690 ° of C～720 ℃, hydraulic pressure are that 0.03～0.10MPa, speed are under the condition of 140～200mm/min, the alloy molten solution of step 3 gained to be cast as aluminium alloy round cast ingot in temperature;
Five, the round ingot casting railway carriage, the sawing that step 4 are obtained become forging blank;
Six, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 5 is obtained is heated to 465 ℃～475 ℃, insulation 20h～25h, then air cooling;
Seven, the aluminium alloy round cast ingot that step 6 is obtained is heated to 350 ℃～380 ℃ and be incubated 2h, then aluminium alloy round cast ingot is placed on and is forged into the stamp work work in-process on die forging machine;
Eight, the stamp work work in-process that step 7 obtained are 465 ℃～475 ℃ in temperature, ask when being incubated that the temperature for 0.5h～1.5h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is to quench under the condition of＜35 ℃;
Nine, the stamp work that step 8 is obtained is that 125 ℃～135 ℃, soaking time are timeliness under 14h～18h condition in temperature.
2. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings according to claim 1, is characterized in that the insulating covering agent described in step 2 is No. 2 flux, is mixed by 50%KCl and 50%NaCl by mass percentage.
3. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings according to claim 1, the diameter that it is characterized in that the described aluminium alloy round cast ingot of step 4 is 65-75mm.
4. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings according to claim 3, is characterized in that the forging blank specification in step 5 is φ 58-62mm * 78-82mm.
5. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings according to claim 1, what it is characterized in that cooling fluid in step 8 is formulated as polyoxyethylene glycol: water=1-2:5.
6. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that stamp work work in-process in step 8 are that 470 ℃, soaking time are that the temperature of 1h, transfer time＜30s, cooling fluid is quenched under the condition of＜35 ℃ in temperature.
7. the manufacture method of aluminum alloy die forgings according to claim 1 is characterized in that stamp work in step 9 is that 130 ℃, soaking time are timeliness under the condition of 16h in temperature.
8. the manufacture method of according to claim 1-7 described aluminum alloy die forgings of any one is characterized in that mass percent by element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.1%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.9%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.5%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.15%, Be:0.0018%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
9. the manufacture method of according to claim 1-7 described aluminum alloy die forgings of any one is characterized in that mass percent by element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.5%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.4%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.2%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.18%, Be:0.0003%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
10. the manufacture method of according to claim 1-7 described aluminum alloy die forgings of any one is characterized in that mass percent by element by Si≤0.12%, Fe≤0.25%, Cu:2.3%, Mn≤0.10%, Mg:2.6%, Cr≤0.05%, Zn:8.8%, Ti≤0.03%, Zr:0.11%, Be:0.001%, single impurity≤0.05% adds up to impurity≤0.1%, surplus is that Al makes, and the mass percent of mass percent＞Si of Fe.
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| CN101050499A (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2007-10-10 | 东北轻合金有限责任公司 | 7055 aluminum alloy in high intensity, and high toughness, and preparation method |
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