CN105085389B - 啶酰菌胺的制备方法 - Google Patents

啶酰菌胺的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105085389B
CN105085389B CN201510564384.4A CN201510564384A CN105085389B CN 105085389 B CN105085389 B CN 105085389B CN 201510564384 A CN201510564384 A CN 201510564384A CN 105085389 B CN105085389 B CN 105085389B
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孙敬权
冯小冬
陈浩
孙丽梅
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Limin Chemical Co., Ltd.
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    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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Abstract

一种啶酰菌胺的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将邻碘苯胺与2‑氯烟酰氯进行缩合反应生成中间产物2‑氯‑N‑(2‑碘苯基)吡啶‑3‑甲酰胺;将所述2‑氯‑N‑(2‑碘苯基)吡啶‑3‑甲酰胺不经过提纯直接与4‑氯苯硼酸进行Suzuki偶联反应生成啶酰菌胺。本发明介绍了Ni/C的制备方法,并使用Ni/C作为催化剂,进行Suzuki偶联反应,大大降低了生产成本,且生产原料易得,收率高,适合大规模工业化生产。

Description

啶酰菌胺的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及杀菌剂的制备方法,尤其涉及一种啶酰菌胺的制备方法。
背景技术
啶酰菌胺的全称是N-(4’-氯-2-联苯基)-2-氯-3-吡啶甲酰胺,是一种高效杀菌剂。最先是德国巴斯夫和日本AG公司在欧洲、美国等50多个国家进行登记的杀菌剂新品种。主要用来防治蔬菜、豆类等灰霉病和菌核病。其作用机制是药液经植物吸收通过叶面渗透,然后在植物中被转移,能抑制线粒体琥珀酸酯脱氢酶活性,从而阻碍三羧酸循环,使氨基酸、糖缺乏、能量减少,干扰细胞的分裂和生长而有杀菌活性。文献报道的啶酰菌胺合成方法分为两步:第一步是重要中间产物2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺的制备;第二步是通过4-氯苯硼酸和2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺进行Suzuki偶联反应制备目标产物。第一步相对简单,关键是第二步的Suzuki偶联反应。以往合成的方法有两类:一是通过先进行Suzuki偶联,再用铁粉还原成胺。但这类反应是两步反应,除了产率低外,铁粉的还原还带来大量铁泥的污染,不适合工业化生产。另外一种方法是通过邻碘苯胺直接和4-氯苯硼酸发生Suzuki偶联,这类反应的效率高,但文献报道的是采用价格高的Pd(PPh3)4、Pd/C等为等催化剂,而且需要无水无氧的苛刻反应条件,从经济和反应条件上看,都不适合工业化生产。
因此,本发明提供一种催化剂Ni/C能够减低生产成本、避免使用高成本原料的啶酰菌胺的制备方法,具有现实意义。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的收率低、成本高、反应条件苛刻等缺点,借鉴于此,本发明提供了一种啶酰菌胺的制备方法,该方法本发明使用Ni/C作为催化剂,进行Suzuki偶联反应,大大降低了生产成本,且生产原料易得,收率高,适合大规模工业化生产。
为了实现上述的发明目的,本发明提供的啶酰菌胺的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将邻碘苯胺与2-氯烟酰氯进行缩合反应生成中间产物2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺;将所述2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺不经过提纯直接与4-氯苯硼酸进行Suzuki偶联反应生成啶酰菌胺。
其中,所述缩合反应是以二氯乙烷为溶剂、三乙胺作为缩合反应中的碱,进行缩合反应,反应式如下:
其中,所述Suzuki偶联反应的溶剂为DMF,碱为碳酸钾,催化剂为Ni/C,且Ni/C的量为5%质量百分比。
其中,所述Suzuki偶联反应的反应式如下:
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明首先通过邻碘苯胺和2-氯烟酰氯合成中间产物2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺,然后不经过提纯直接与4-氯苯硼酸进行Suzuki耦合反应生成产品。
2、本发明使用Ni/C(市场价约30万/吨)作为催化剂,进行Suzuki偶联反应,相对于现有技术中采用价格高的Pd/C(市场价约800万/吨)催化剂,降低了生产成本;
3、本发明原料易得,成本低,收率高,适合大规模工业化生产。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种啶酰菌胺的制备方法,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,他们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明的内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行更改或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
以下实施例进一步详细说明本发明,但应注意本发明的范围并不受这些实施例的任何限制。在下列实施例中,如无特殊说明,“%”代表质量百分数。
实施例:
1、Ni/C催化剂的制备
(1)将900g活性炭(20-40目)抽真空半小时后,立即投入到浓度为0.8mol/L的Ni(NO3)2·6H2O甲醇浸渍液1L中,在室温下静置24h,然后将负载有Ni(NO3)2的活性炭在120℃下烘干8h后置于干燥器中备用。
(2)将上述预处理后的负载有Ni(NO3)2的活性炭,在N2气氛下以10℃/min的升温速度加热至500℃,且在500℃恒温煅烧3h,然后缓慢降温至室温,即得到Ni/C催化剂945g。(Ni的含量约为5%)
2、啶酰菌胺的制备
在2L的三口烧瓶中加入2-氯烟酰氯(77.44g,440mmol)、邻碘苯胺(88.5g,400mmol)、三乙胺(3ml)和二氯乙烷(450mL),0℃搅拌6h,反应结束后,先用水(30mL)洗涤,再用盐酸(20mL,10%)洗涤,最后再用水(30mL)洗涤,所得二氯乙烷相蒸馏回收二氯乙烷后,加入4-氯苯硼酸(64g,408.9mmol)、Ni/C(9.44g,5%)、TBAB(1.022g,3.175mmol)、碳酸钾(28.21g,204.4mmol)和DMF(600mL),混合物加热到130℃搅拌12h,然后冷却至室温,抽滤,所得滤液进行减压蒸馏,蒸出DMF后,向反应混合物中加入甲苯(700ml)和水(200ml),在60℃搅拌30min,静置分层。无机层用甲苯萃取两次(100mL×2),合并有机层,然后水洗二次(200mL×3)。有机相减压蒸馏回收甲苯。残余物中加入甲醇(600ml)加热回流1h,降温过滤得啶酰菌胺130.2g,外标法分析含量:97%,总收率:92%。Mp:143-144℃;(文献值CAS:188425-85-6,mp:142-144℃)。
按照上述方法,进行Suzuki耦合反应在不同的溶剂、不同的碱、不同的催化剂条件下进行反应,Ni/C催化剂相对所述邻碘苯胺的质量比为10.8%,具体收率见表1。
表1.不同条件下啶酰菌胺的收率
表1结果表明,在相同的碱和相同剂量的相同催化剂的条件下,溶剂为DMF(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)时啶酰菌胺的收率最高;在相同的溶剂和相同剂量的相同催化剂的条件下,碱为碳酸钾时啶酰菌胺的收率最高;在相同的溶剂和相同的碱的条件下,催化剂为Ni/C、催化剂量为9.44g时啶酰菌胺的收率最高。显然,由以上结果可知,当溶剂为DMF、碱为碳酸钾、催化剂为Ni/C并且催化剂量为9.44g时,啶酰菌胺的收率最高,收率为92%。

Claims (4)

1.一种啶酰菌胺的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将邻碘苯胺与2-氯烟酰氯进行缩合反应生成中间产物2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺;将所述2-氯-N-(2-碘苯基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺不经过提纯直接与4-氯苯硼酸在Ni/C的催化下进行Suzuki偶联反应生成啶酰菌胺;
所述Suzuki偶联反应的溶剂为DMF,碱为碳酸钾,催化剂为Ni/C,且Ni/C的量相对所述邻碘苯胺的质量百分比为10.8%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的啶酰菌胺的制备方法,其特征在于,所述缩合反应是以二氯乙烷为溶剂、三乙胺作为缩合反应中的碱,进行缩合反应,反应式如下:
3.根据权利要求1所述的啶酰菌胺的制备方法,其特征在于,所述Suzuki偶联反应的反应式如下:
4.根据权利要求3所述的啶酰菌胺的制备方法,其特征在于,所述催化剂Ni/C的制备方法如下:
(1)将20-40目的活性炭抽真空半小时后,立即投入到浓度为0.8mol/L的Ni(NO3)2·6H2O甲醇浸渍液中,并使浸渍液液面略高于载体,在室温下静置24h,然后将负载有Ni(NO3)2的活性炭在120℃下烘干8h后置于干燥器中备用;
(2)将上述预处理后的负载有Ni(NO3)2的活性炭,在N2气氛下以10℃/min的升温速度加热至500℃,且在500℃恒温煅烧3h,然后缓慢降温至室温,即得到Ni/C催化剂。
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Title
Ni催化的碳(sp2)-碳和碳(sp2)-杂交叉偶联反应;李哲等;《有机化学》;20051231;第25卷(第12期);第1508-1529页 *
啶酰菌胺的合成与生物活性研究;迟会伟等;《精细化工中间体》;20071231;第37卷(第4期);第14-16页 *
啶酰菌胺的合成研究;孙斌等;《化学研究与应用》;20141231;第26卷(第10期);第1645-1650页 *

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