CN105066083A - U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating device and method - Google Patents

U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105066083A
CN105066083A CN201510579684.XA CN201510579684A CN105066083A CN 105066083 A CN105066083 A CN 105066083A CN 201510579684 A CN201510579684 A CN 201510579684A CN 105066083 A CN105066083 A CN 105066083A
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fused salt
steam
outlet
import
shaped
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陆建峰
丁静
袁溢博
杨建平
王维龙
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Sun Yat Sen University
National Sun Yat Sen University
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National Sun Yat Sen University
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Abstract

The invention provides a U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating device and method. The U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating device comprises a U-shaped-row-tube heat exchange system, a steam output system and a fused salt input-output system. The steam output system is arranged at the top of the U-shaped-row-tube heat exchange system. The fused salt input-output system is arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped-row-tube heat exchange system. Circulating of high temperature gas and circulating of fused salt can be further controlled through an inlet four-way valve and an outlet three-way valve at the same time. The height of the liquid level and the steam generating speed can be adjusted through a liquid level controller. The parameters of output steam are kept stable through a steam parameter measuring and control device. The U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating method includes the steps that a system is preheated through the high temperature gas, then fused salt pouring, steam generating and steam outputting are sequentially carried out, and finally fused salt backflow and U-shaped row tube cleaning are carried out. According to the U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating device and method, the steam yield is large, the parameters are controllable, backflow of the fused salt is easy, blocking is not prone to occurrence, the heat efficiency of the system is high, the structure is simple, the service life is long, and the requirements of the solar high-temperature heat utilization technical field, the solar waste-heat utilization technical field and the nuclear electric power generation technical field can be well met.

Description

U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature hot utilization, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN and nuclear energy power generation technical field, particularly one U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant and method in solar energy.
Background technology
The environmental problem of energy shortage and fossil fuel has become the significant bottleneck of restriction global economy and social development at present.China has become the first in the world large consumption of petroleum state and second largest crude oil import state in recent years, and energy-saving and emission-reduction situation is increasingly serious.For solving energy shortage and environmental problem, greatly developing on fossil fuel, nuclear energy and water power basis, must efficiency of energy utilization improved and Devoting Major Efforts To Developing regenerative resource.Industry is the maximum field of energy-saving potential, the efficiency of energy utilization of the large-scale industries such as current China electric power, iron and steel, building materials and heat recovery rate are far below international most advanced level, one of the main reasons is that batch (-type) high-quality waste heat is not utilized effectively, and is therefore badly in need of high-efficiency thermal storage material and stores high-temperature residual heat and stable use.
Scale regenerative resource is the development priority of following China energy; but intermittent defect with supply can not be stablized due to it; the requirement of the extensive energy supply continuously of industrialization can not be met, thus need to utilize efficient heat transfer heat storage medium to carry out thermal energy storage and conversion.Fused salt has the significant advantage that thermal capacity is large, stability is high, operating temperature range is wide, is the heat transfer heat storage medium that industrial exhaust heat utilization, regenerative resource and nuclear energy field extensively adopt.In the Nuclear Power Stations such as thorium base MSR nuclear power system, fused salt also must be used to carry out energy transfer and conversion as high-temperature heat-transfer medium.How because steam is convenient to transport and use, be widely used in the industries such as generating, chemical industry, food, be therefore the energy conversion technology that high-quality steam becomes crucial high-temperature molten salt thermal energy.Fused salt steam generator has unique advantage in many aspects, fused salt serviceability temperature is extensive, can store and utilize the various energy resources such as solar energy, nuclear energy and high-temperature residual heat, and steam output can carry out generating and other heat energy utilizations, therefore the research and development of fused salt steam generator has the effect of particular importance to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
At present, those skilled in the art have developed the multiple steam generator based on Molten Salt Heat Transfer heat-storing material.In solar molten salt sleeve pipe type steam raising plant, the high temperature resistant selective coating of sleeve outer wall is used to absorb solar radiant energy, and fused salt absorption heat passed in fused salt sleeve pipe, the water passing to coiled inner tube further forms steam, but the deficiency such as this device exists that steam parameters is wayward, heat-absorbing sleeve tubular construction complicated, difficulty of processing is large.Molten salt tube-shell type steam generating device, comprise shell-and-tube heat exchanger, steam is separated output precision and heating and thermal insulation assembly, heating and thermal insulation assembly can prevent fused salt from solidifying, flow through fused salt in housing and have that effective regenerative capacity is large, the advantage of parameter stability, but there is the problem that housing inner bottom part fused salt not easily refluxes in it.Salt coil tube type steam raising plant, comprises cistern system, coil system, steam output system, has steam generation good stability and the strong advantage of controllability, but fused salt flow process Lu Jingchang in coil pipe, flow resistance and backflow resistance relatively large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided that a kind of heat exchange amount is large, steam parameter is stablized, fused salt be easy to the U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant that refluxes, can meet that high-temperature hot in solar energy utilizes preferably by this device, the requirement of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN and nuclear energy power generation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method realized by said apparatus.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant, comprise U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, steam output system, fused salt input-output system, described U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system comprises one and connects end socket by top, body, the cavity that tube sheet surrounds, be aqueous water and/or water vapour in cavity, several U-shaped tubulations are provided with in described cavity, on described tube sheet, correspondence is provided with several through holes, import bobbin carriage and outlet bobbin carriage is provided with in the below of described tube sheet, one of them opening of U-shaped tubulation to be sealed with import bobbin carriage by described through hole and is connected, another opening is sealed by described through hole be connected with outlet bobbin carriage, described steam output system is located at the top that top connects end socket, described fused salt input-output system is used for high-temperature molten salt to be input to import bobbin carriage, is exported by the fused salt flowed through after U-shaped tubulation from outlet bobbin carriage simultaneously.Adopt U-shaped tubulation, fused salt can be made comparatively large with the heat exchange area of the outer aqueous water/water vapour of pipe, and steam production is large, has the advantage that the thermal efficiency is high.
Preferably, the body of described U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system is tube structure; Top connects the oval structure that end socket is upper and lower both ends open; Import bobbin carriage and outlet bobbin carriage are the integrated design, and entirety is oval structure, and centre dividing plate separates.
Preferably, by welded seal between described U-shaped row tube hydroforming, fixing formation integral structure, U-shaped tubulation is at tube sheet alternate; Body is connected end socket and adopts Flange joint with top; Tube sheet and import bobbin carriage and export bobbin carriage and fixed by flange.
Preferably, be provided with the fluid level controller for ensureing level stability in steam generation process in described cavity, described body side is provided with inlet channel.
Preferably, described steam output system comprises steam channel, screen pack, steamdrum, steam parameter controller and steam (vapor) outlet, described steam channel is connected end socket and is connected with the top of U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, screen pack is provided with in steam channel, steamdrum is positioned at above steam channel, and steam (vapor) outlet is provided with steam parameter controller.
Preferably, described fused salt input-output system comprises import cross valve and outlet triple valve, described import cross valve unload with fused salt import, fused salt respectively export, high-temperature gas import, import bobbin carriage be connected, described outlet triple valve exports with fused salt respectively, high-temperature gas exports, export bobbin carriage is connected.And then when heating, first can pass into high-temperature gas and carrying out preheating, ensure the stable of steam output below.
Present invention also offers a kind of U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method realized by said apparatus, comprise step: work starts, in U-shaped tubulation, high-temperature molten salt is poured into by fused salt input-output system, in body, pour into aqueous water simultaneously, aqueous water forms water vapour after absorbing high-temperature molten salt heat energy and then enters steamdrum, after the vapor (steam) temperature in steamdrum and pressure reach setting value, export steam; After work stops, fused salt utilizes deadweight to flow out U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system.
Preferably, described U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method also comprises preheating step, that is: before pour into high-temperature molten salt in U-shaped tubulation, first pass into high-temperature gas carry out preheating, until internal temperature is higher than fused salt freezing point temperature to import bobbin carriage, U-shaped tubulation, outlet bobbin carriage.
Concrete, comprise the following steps:
(1) warm: regulate import cross valve, closes fused salt import and fused salt unloads outlet, opens high-temperature gas import; Regulate outlet triple valve, close fused salt outlet, open high-temperature gas outlet; Pass into high-temperature gas and enter U-shaped tubulation, import bobbin carriage and the preheating of outlet bobbin carriage, until temperature is higher than fused salt freezing point temperature;
(2) fused salt perfusion: regulate import cross valve, open fused salt import, closes fused salt and unloads outlet and high-temperature gas import; Regulate outlet triple valve, open fused salt outlet, close high-temperature gas outlet; In U-shaped tubulation, pour into high-temperature molten salt from fused salt import, flow out from fused salt outlet after fused salt is full of whole U-shaped tubulation;
(3) steam generation: pour into aqueous water from inlet channel in body, aqueous water forms water vapour after absorbing high-temperature molten salt heat energy, and tubular body adopts fluid level controller to regulate liquid level and steam generation speed;
(4) steam exports: the steam produced in body enters steamdrum after filtering, after the vapor (steam) temperature in steamdrum and pressure reach setting value, exports steam from steam (vapor) outlet;
(5) system stops: high-temperature-hot-water in emptying body; Regulate import cross valve, close fused salt import and high-temperature gas import, open fused salt and unload outlet, the fused salt of import bobbin carriage side unloads outlet by this fused salt and draws off and flow back to outside fused salt groove; Keep fused salt outlet to open and high-temperature gas port closing, the fused salt of outlet bobbin carriage side is drawn off and flows back to outside fused salt groove; After salt fusion draws off substantially, regulate import cross valve, closedown fused salt import and fused salt unload outlet, open high-temperature gas import, clear up U-shaped tubulation with high-temperature gas.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, steam production of the present invention is large and parameter is controlled.In U-shaped tubulation, fused salt is comparatively large with the heat exchange area of the outer aqueous water/water vapour of pipe, and increases heat exchange area by increasing tubulation number, and steam production is large.Fluid level controller and steam parameter controller can realize the control of steam flow and temperature, pressure.
2, fused salt of the present invention easily refluxes and not easily blocks.After steam raising plant stops, the U-shaped tubulation that fused salt flows through and import and export bobbin carriage, all can flow out by fused salt by Action of Gravity Field smoothly, avoids occurring that fused salt is set in inner phenomenon; High-temperature gas preheating prevents solidifying of start-up phase fused salt.
3, the present system thermal efficiency is high.High-temperature molten salt mainly flows through in U-shaped tubulation, and the heat energy overwhelming majority is by the outer aqueous water/water vapor absorption of pipe, and radiation loss is few, and system thermal efficiency is high.
4, simple, the long service life of structure of the present invention, be convenient to promote.The body of U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system is connected end socket with top and bobbin carriage all uses Flange joint, is easy to processing and simple installation, and is convenient to disassemble and dredging; U-shaped tubulation structure can reduce thermal stress, long service life; System can be widely used in high-temperature hot utilization, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN and nuclear energy power generation technical field in solar energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with example and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
A kind of U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant of the present embodiment, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprises U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, steam output system, fused salt input-output system; Steam output system is located at U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system top, and fused salt input-output system is located at bottom U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system.In the present embodiment, fused salt input-output system is by arranging import cross valve 3 and outlet triple valve 22, not only can heat by input and output fused salt, also can carry out preheating by input and output high-temperature gas.
In the present embodiment, described U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system mainly comprises top from top to bottom and connects end socket 9, body 8, tube sheet 18, import bobbin carriage 5 and outlet bobbin carriage 20, body 8 inside is provided with U-shaped tubulation 15, and tube sheet is provided with several through holes, and import bobbin carriage and outlet bobbin carriage are arranged on the below of tube sheet.One of them opening of U-shaped tubulation to be sealed with import bobbin carriage by through hole and is connected, and another opening seal with outlet bobbin carriage by through hole and is connected, and guarantee high-temperature molten salt is input to U-shaped tubulation from import bobbin carriage, then outputs to outlet bobbin carriage.It is aqueous water/water vapour 17 between body 8 and U-shaped tubulation 15.In the present embodiment, for easy to process, save the consideration such as cost, the body 8 of described U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system is tube structure; Top connects the oval structure that end socket 9 is upper and lower both ends open, and opening is below cavity, and opening above communicates with the steam channel of steam output system.Import bobbin carriage 5 and outlet bobbin carriage 20 are oval structure, and centre dividing plate 19 separates.
By welded seal between described U-shaped tubulation 15 and tube sheet 18, fixing formation integral structure, tubulation 15 is at tube sheet 18 alternate; Body 8 is connected end socket 9 and adopts Flange joint with top; Tube sheet 18 and import bobbin carriage and export bobbin carriage and fixed by flange.
In the present embodiment, described body 8 top is provided with fluid level controller 16, for ensureing level stability in steam generation process; Body bottom is provided with inlet channel 6.Fluid level controller 16 controls the flow velocity of intaking in inlet channel.
In the present embodiment, described steam output system comprises steam channel 10, screen pack 14, steamdrum 11, steam parameter controller 13 and steam (vapor) outlet 12.Steam channel 10 is connected end socket 9 and is connected with the top of U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, be provided with screen pack 14 in steam channel 10, steamdrum 11 is positioned at above steam channel 10, and steam (vapor) outlet 12 is provided with steam parameter controller 13.
In the present embodiment, described import cross valve 3 connects fused salt import 1, fused salt unloads outlet 2, high-temperature gas import 4 and import bobbin carriage 5; Described outlet triple valve 22 connects fused salt outlet 21, high-temperature gas outlet 23 and outlet bobbin carriage 20.
By the U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method that said apparatus realizes, first, pass into high-temperature gas and enter U-shaped tubulation 15, import bobbin carriage 5 and the preheating of outlet bobbin carriage 20, until temperature is higher than fused salt freezing point temperature.After preheating terminates, in U-shaped tubulation 15, pour into high-temperature molten salt, pour into aqueous water simultaneously in body 8, aqueous water forms water vapour after absorbing high-temperature molten salt heat energy and then enters steamdrum 11.After the vapor (steam) temperature in steamdrum 11 and pressure reach setting value, export steam.After system stops, fused salt utilizes deadweight to flow out U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, finally clears up U-shaped tubulation 15 with high-temperature gas.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) warm: regulate import cross valve 3, closes fused salt import 1 and unloads outlet 2 with fused salt, open high-temperature gas import 4; Regulate outlet triple valve 22, close fused salt outlet 21, open high-temperature gas outlet 23; Pass into high-temperature gas and enter U-shaped tubulation 15, import bobbin carriage 5 and the preheating of outlet bobbin carriage 20, until temperature is higher than fused salt freezing point temperature;
(2) fused salt perfusion: regulate import cross valve 3, open fused salt import 1, closes fused salt and unloads outlet 2 and high-temperature gas import 4; Regulate outlet triple valve 22, open fused salt outlet 21, close high-temperature gas outlet 23; In U-shaped tubulation 15, pour into high-temperature molten salt from fused salt import 1, flow out from fused salt outlet 21 after fused salt is full of whole U-shaped tubulation 15;
(3) steam generation: pour into aqueous water from inlet channel 6 in body 8, aqueous water forms water vapour after absorbing high-temperature molten salt heat energy, and body 8 inside adopts fluid level controller 16 to regulate liquid level and steam generation speed;
(4) steam exports: the steam produced in body 8 enters steamdrum 11 after filter screen 14 filters, and after the vapor (steam) temperature in steamdrum 11 and pressure reach setting value, exports steam from steam (vapor) outlet 12;
(5) system stops: high-temperature-hot-water in emptying body 8; Regulate import cross valve 3, close fused salt import 1 and high-temperature gas import 4, open fused salt and unload outlet 2, the fused salt of import bobbin carriage 5 side is drawn off and flows back to fused salt groove; Keep fused salt outlet 21 to open to close with high-temperature gas outlet 23, the fused salt of outlet bobbin carriage 20 side is drawn off and flows back to fused salt groove; After salt fusion draws off substantially, regulate import cross valve 3, close fused salt import 1 and unload outlet 2 with fused salt, open high-temperature gas import 4, clear up U-shaped tubulation 15 with high-temperature gas.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1.U type shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant, it is characterized in that, comprise U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, steam output system, fused salt input-output system, described U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system comprises one and connects end socket by top, body, the cavity that tube sheet surrounds, be aqueous water and/or water vapour in cavity, several U-shaped tubulations are provided with in described cavity, on described tube sheet, correspondence is provided with several through holes, import bobbin carriage and outlet bobbin carriage is provided with in the below of described tube sheet, one of them opening of U-shaped tubulation to be sealed with import bobbin carriage by described through hole and is connected, another opening is sealed by described through hole be connected with outlet bobbin carriage, described steam output system is located at the top that top connects end socket, described fused salt input-output system is used for high-temperature molten salt to be input to import bobbin carriage, is exported by the fused salt flowed through after U-shaped tubulation from outlet bobbin carriage simultaneously.
2. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the body of described U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system is tube structure; Top connects the oval structure that end socket is upper and lower both ends open; Import bobbin carriage and outlet bobbin carriage are the integrated design, and entirety is oval structure, and centre dividing plate separates.
3. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, by welded seal between described U-shaped row tube hydroforming, fixingly form integral structure, U-shaped tubulation is at tube sheet alternate; Body is connected end socket and adopts Flange joint with top; Tube sheet and import bobbin carriage and export bobbin carriage and fixed by flange.
4. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be provided with the fluid level controller for ensureing level stability in steam generation process in described cavity, described body side is provided with inlet channel.
5. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steam output system comprises steam channel, screen pack, steamdrum, steam parameter controller and steam (vapor) outlet, described steam channel is connected end socket and is connected with the top of U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system, screen pack is provided with in steam channel, steamdrum is positioned at above steam channel, and steam (vapor) outlet is provided with steam parameter controller.
6. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam raising plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fused salt input-output system comprises import cross valve and outlet triple valve, described import cross valve unload with fused salt import, fused salt respectively export, high-temperature gas import, import bobbin carriage be connected, described outlet triple valve exports with fused salt respectively, high-temperature gas exports, export bobbin carriage is connected.
7. the U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method that device realizes according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6, it is characterized in that, comprise step: work starts, in U-shaped tubulation, high-temperature molten salt is poured into by fused salt input-output system, in body, pour into aqueous water simultaneously, aqueous water forms water vapour after absorbing high-temperature molten salt heat energy and then enters steamdrum, after the vapor (steam) temperature in steamdrum and pressure reach setting value, exports steam; After work stops, fused salt utilizes deadweight to flow out U-shaped tubulation heat-exchange system.
8. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, also comprise preheating step, that is: before pour into high-temperature molten salt in U-shaped tubulation, first pass into high-temperature gas carry out preheating, until internal temperature is higher than fused salt freezing point temperature to import bobbin carriage, U-shaped tubulation, outlet bobbin carriage.
9. U-shaped shell and tube fused salt steam generation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) warm: regulate import cross valve, closes fused salt import and fused salt unloads outlet, opens high-temperature gas import; Regulate outlet triple valve, close fused salt outlet, open high-temperature gas outlet; Pass into high-temperature gas and enter U-shaped tubulation, import bobbin carriage and the preheating of outlet bobbin carriage, until temperature is higher than fused salt freezing point temperature;
(2) fused salt perfusion: regulate import cross valve, open fused salt import, closes fused salt and unloads outlet and high-temperature gas import; Regulate outlet triple valve, open fused salt outlet, close high-temperature gas outlet; In U-shaped tubulation, pour into high-temperature molten salt from fused salt import, flow out from fused salt outlet after fused salt is full of whole U-shaped tubulation;
(3) steam generation: pour into aqueous water from inlet channel in body, aqueous water forms water vapour after absorbing high-temperature molten salt heat energy, and tubular body adopts fluid level controller to regulate liquid level and steam generation speed;
(4) steam exports: the steam produced in body enters steamdrum after filtering, after the vapor (steam) temperature in steamdrum and pressure reach setting value, exports steam from steam (vapor) outlet;
(5) system stops: high-temperature-hot-water in emptying body; Regulate import cross valve, close fused salt import and high-temperature gas import, open fused salt and unload outlet, the fused salt of import bobbin carriage side unloads outlet by this fused salt and draws off and flow back to outside fused salt groove; Keep fused salt outlet to open and high-temperature gas port closing, the fused salt of outlet bobbin carriage side is drawn off and flows back to outside fused salt groove; After salt fusion draws off substantially, regulate import cross valve, closedown fused salt import and fused salt unload outlet, open high-temperature gas import, clear up U-shaped tubulation with high-temperature gas.
CN201510579684.XA 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 U-shaped-row-tube type fused salt steam generating device and method Pending CN105066083A (en)

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CN110160027A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-08-23 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 A kind of in-tube evaporation fused salt or conduction oil steam generating system and method without outer power drive
CN110171900A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-27 南京大学 A kind of high temperature brine waste concentration and crystallization device and application
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CN113623627A (en) * 2021-09-14 2021-11-09 西安热工研究院有限公司 Steam generation device and method adapting to load change

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