CN1050569C - 塑料的蜂窝结构中空体 - Google Patents

塑料的蜂窝结构中空体 Download PDF

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CN1050569C
CN1050569C CN94192988A CN94192988A CN1050569C CN 1050569 C CN1050569 C CN 1050569C CN 94192988 A CN94192988 A CN 94192988A CN 94192988 A CN94192988 A CN 94192988A CN 1050569 C CN1050569 C CN 1050569C
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honeycomb
connector
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CN1128515A (zh
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于尔根·沙尔考斯基
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Steuler Industriewerke GmbH
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Abstract

塑料的、最好是聚烯烃的蜂窝式中空体由单独地连接在一起的注射成形的塑料件构成。本发明的优点在于，中空体结构具有稳定形状、低的应力和精确的尺寸。

Description

塑料的蜂窝结构中空体
本发明涉及一种塑料的、最好是聚烯烃的蜂窝式中空体。
蜂窝式中空体的生产是公知的。为此，以这样一种形式连接特殊形状的塑料管或型材，生产出一种横截面为蜂窝的结构，这种结构可以具有一个几米长的直径和长度。这些中空体主要用于空气净化，其中空气是轴向地通过蜂窝，因而实际上是扩大了空气和管壁之间的接触和交换面。
这种中空体的特殊应用领域是所谓的湿式静电过滤器，在这种过滤器中，由中心电极产生的电压场将通过蜂窝管的有害物质保留在管壁上。考虑到在处理过程中的热和化学应力用于这种结构的材料必须满足很高的要求，同时还要具有耐在高电压场中有可能形成的电弧的性能。
目前，现有技术所描述的上述类型的蜂窝结构的生产都是以PVC的挤压六边管或的有边PVC板相互连接从而形成六边型蜂窝结构为基础的。这些结构的特征是，为了节省空间就使蜂窝结构的壁彼此不留间隔地相邻。在实践中，这将由粘接蜂窝管来实现。结果，中空体就具有对于蜂窝结构是典型的非常稳定的形状，并且保证了在出现热或机械应力时湿式静电过滤器所要求的狭小尺寸的公差。
德国专利DE-A1-4102732公开了一个这类的蜂窝结构。
聚氯乙烯是一种特别适用这种蜂窝结构的材料，因为除去塑料阻力之外，它保证了高的尺寸稳定性和被粘接的能力，而这种能力是生产的先决条件。
另一方面，从中心设置的电极至PVC的电弧是不可避免的，该电弧将导致壁的明显的局部燃烧并且还限制了湿式静电过滤器的耐久性。
塑料材料聚丙稀没有PVC那种明显的缺陷。尽管其具有上述优点，但在将其加工成蜂窝结构时仍有特殊的缺陷。特别是，在热的影响下聚丙稀的尺寸精度低，这是由于高记忆效应及非常高的材料热膨胀系数。
PVC的另一个不足是其难于加工并且从环保的观点看其难于处理。
与之相比，聚氯乙烯的生产、加工和处理都简单，这是因为其对环境无害。
但是，挤压成型的管和热成型或镶边并焊接的、用于生产蜂窝结构的聚氯乙烯型材却表现出很高的内应力，从而在将其加工成蜂窝结构的时候便出现了明显的尺寸稳定性问题。
聚氯乙烯材料的另一个缺陷是不能粘接。这样也就排除了使用现有的生产方法。
DE-B22641114公开一种生产蜂窝形塑料静电过滤器的方法。这种蜂窝包括热压板条，这些板条呈板桩形，所述板桩由玻璃加强聚脂构成。选择玻璃加强聚脂是因为PVC在有温度应力的情况下表现出太高的松弛效应。为了防止纯塑料的缺陷，这种已知的方法使用玻璃加强聚酯。
EP-A2-153681公开了一种三维尺寸、透明的塑料蜂窝结构的方法。在这篇文献中，利用热成型或深拉将塑料膜或板制成筋状结构。接着，将如此制成的膜或板相互叠置以构成一个蜂窝结构。
从塑料手册第504页(Carl Hanser出版社，1981年，Munich)可知，利用注册成形也可以生产热塑性塑料。
DE-C1-2121934涉及一种包括设置在蜂窝结构中的集电极的热分离器。所述集电极构成一个星形元件，该元件包括三个相互密封连接的壁部分。在每一个壁部分的外边缘处，管段处在纵向方向，一些杆插入其中，这些杆把星形元件相互连起来并由此形成一个蜂窝结构。所述星形元件由导电塑料构成。在这种连接中，通过管段连接元件被认为是有利的，因为无须诸如焊接或粘接之类的连接过程。
DE-A1-2725220涉及一组用于播种和生长植物的盘子。其中，公开了一种的基本结构为蜂窝式的结构，其中心部分由腐烂的或腐败的纸或纸板构成。这样，在植物生长时允许蜂窝结构分裂。
与之相反，本发明的目的在于提供一种聚烯烃，最好是聚丙烯的蜂窝形中空塑料体，它可以消除尺寸不稳定的问题以及缺乏粘接性的问题。
为实现上述目的，根据本发明提供一种具有内中空蜂窝结构的主体，其中蜂窝结构包括多个单独的塑料件，所述的塑料件设计成在连接状态下构成蜂窝管，其特征在于，所述的每一个塑料件都是由注射成形制成的带连接凸缘的半管。
塑料件由可以注射成形的热塑料制成。单独的塑料件由连接件摩擦地并且刚性地相连接，从而形成蜂窝结构。蜂窝管相对塑料件的可能的尺寸沿纵向分开。在与相邻的塑料件连接时塑料件相对于其高度位移并且通过连接件与后者连接。塑料件的角部包括一个加强件，该件附加地保证尺寸的稳定性。固定凸缘上设有孔，通过这些孔实现相邻塑料件的连接。连接件是一个焊接接缝。焊接接缝是一个点焊焊接接缝。焊接接缝由堆焊、超声波、旋压或摩擦焊形成。连接件是一种螺纹连接。塑料件由聚烯烃制成。
本发明的技术措施是基于这样一种观点，即提供由注射成形生产的塑料件，最好是用特殊的焊接技术，最好是点焊焊接，将这些件相互连接从而形成一根蜂窝管。
本发明具有如下优点：
由于利用注射成形形成塑料件，所以形成蜂窝结构的塑料元件的特点是应力低及尺寸稳定。如果需要，在注射处理之后可以利用热后处理除去残余应力，这种热后处理不会使元件的尺寸逆转。可以利用聚丙烯材料制成这种具有稳定的形状和精确的尺寸的蜂窝中空体。
下面将结合附图对本发明进行进一步的描述，其中：
图1为沿着图4中I-I线剖的根据本发明的一个实施例的示意横断面视图；
图2为具有连接元件的图1的放大的横剖视图；
图3为沿图2中III-III线剖的，一个注射成形的元件的主视图；
图4为具有蜂窝结构的管束的侧视图。
相互固定在一起并由一个支撑凸缘(图中未表示)支撑的许多连续的蜂窝管1组成了一个管束。连续的蜂窝管1由如图1所示排布的单独的塑料元件(注射成形件)3构成。这些塑料件最好包括一些段，所述段分别呈具有连接凸缘4的半管形式。通过凸缘4和连接件5使所述塑料件与相邻的塑料件3相连，从而形成连续的完整的管，这些塑料件具有相同的形式。在所述的实施例中，以这样一种方式形成塑料管3，单独件的连接形成了整体上为蜂窝结构的六角管。
图2表示的是蜂窝结构的放大视图。可以通过连接件5在凸缘4处将所述的塑料件与其它塑料件3相互连接即可补偿单独的塑料元件3的相互之间的位移。在本实施例中，通过由公知的堆焊、超声波、旋压和摩擦焊等形成焊接接缝来构成连接件5。所述的焊接接缝保证了一种稳定的蜂窝结构并且可以消除那些对在本实施例中不能使用的已知粘接零件的要求。另外，蜂窝管角部加强件8可以对蜂窝管1形成一种特殊高度尺寸的稳定性。
在注射成形的情况下，塑料件的尺寸由注射成形铸模具的可能的尺寸所决定。因此，注射成形件3的生产不能够完全地适应蜂窝管1的期望高度，而必须分开。注射铸模件3的有限尺寸所具有的优点就是有生产所引起的应力被减少。另一个优点是在进行结构连接的时候在材料中形成的应力也可以由于使用小的元件而减少。在开口6处设置了连接凸缘4，以便通过连接件5与相邻的注射成形件3建立不可分割的连接。
图3是一个单独的注射成形件3的视图，该件是相对图2中III-III截面切取的。其中表示了沿着注射成形件3延伸的凸缘4，其上设有用于连接件的孔6。
图4是一个管束的侧视图，所述管束包括许多蜂窝。所述管束包括许多连续的蜂窝管1，这些管由塑料件3构成，这些塑料件可以相互位移并固定在一起，同时由一个支撑凸缘2支撑。在图4中用粗线表示的塑料件的位移可以增加管束的稳定性。
除去优选实施例中的焊接，连接件5也可以是铆钉或可拆卸的螺钉连接。
在本发明的实施例中，蜂窝管1的横截面中包括两个塑料件。但是，在本发明的范围内，也可以提供包括由两个以上的塑料件构成的蜂窝管，例如三个或六个元件，并且如在本发明中所要求的那样，利用凸缘使其相互连接。

Claims (12)

1.一种具有内中空蜂窝结构的主体，其中蜂窝结构包括多个单独的塑料件(3)，所述的塑料件(3)设计成在连接状态下构成蜂窝管(1)，其特征在于，所述的每一个塑料件(3)都是由注射成形制成的带连接凸缘(4)的半管。
2.如权利要求1所述的主体，其特征在于，塑料件由可以注射成形的热塑料制成。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的主体，其特征在于，单独的塑料件(3)由连接件(5)摩擦地并且刚性地相连接，从而形成蜂窝结构。
4.如权利要求1所述的主体，其特征在于，蜂窝管(1)相对塑料件(3)的可能的尺寸沿纵向分开。
5.如权利要求1所述的主体，其特征在于，在与相邻的塑料件(3)连接时塑料件(3)相对于其高度位移并且通过连接件(5)与后者连接。
6.如权利要求1所述的主体，其特征在于，塑料件(3)的角部包括一个加强件(8)，该件附加地保证尺寸的稳定性。
7.如权利要求1所述的主体，其特征在于，固定凸缘上设有孔(6)，通过这些孔实现相邻塑料件(3)的连接。
8.如权利要求3所述的主体，其特征在于，连接件(5)是一个焊接接缝。
9.如权利要求8所述的主体，其特征在于，焊接接缝是一个点焊焊接接缝。
10.如权利要求8所述的主体，其特征在于，焊接接缝由堆焊、超声波、旋压或摩擦焊形成。
11.如权利要求3所述的主体，其特征在于，连接件(5)是一种螺纹连接。
12.如权利要求1所述的主体，其特征在于，塑料件(3)由聚烯烃制成。
CN94192988A 1993-08-04 1994-08-04 塑料的蜂窝结构中空体 Expired - Lifetime CN1050569C (zh)

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