CN1050554C - 电焊弧的点火方法 - Google Patents

电焊弧的点火方法 Download PDF

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CN1050554C
CN1050554C CN96110822A CN96110822A CN1050554C CN 1050554 C CN1050554 C CN 1050554C CN 96110822 A CN96110822 A CN 96110822A CN 96110822 A CN96110822 A CN 96110822A CN 1050554 C CN1050554 C CN 1050554C
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electric arc
welding
power supply
nozzle
weld zone
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CN1146388A (zh
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W·克莱布尔
G·蒂策
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Nexans Deutschland GmbH
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Alcatel Kabel AG and Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/067Starting the arc
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/067Starting the arc
    • B23K9/0672Starting the arc without direct contact between electrodes
    • B23K9/0678Ionization of the arc gap by means of an auxiliary arc

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

一种在一个固定电极与一个待焊接的金属工件之间点火一个电焊弧的方法,在这方法中借助一个一直伸出至焊接区的喷嘴供应一种将焊接区覆盖的保护气体。在接通一个向电焊弧供电的焊接电源之前在焊接区内将一个从辅助电源供电的辅助电弧点火,通过该辅助电弧使电焊弧在焊接电源接通后即点火。为使焊接区更好地电离并使辅助电弧的点火更有保证,在焊接区内借助一个提供高频高电压脉冲的脉冲发生器在喷嘴与工件间产生一个高频电弧。

Description

电焊弧的点火方法
本发明涉及一种在一个固定电极与一个准备焊接的金属工件之间点火一个电焊弧的方法,在这方法中借助一个一直伸出至焊接区的喷嘴供应一种将焊接区本身覆盖住的保护气体,在这方法中在接通一个向电焊弧供电的焊接电源之前在焊接区内将一个从一个辅助电源供电的辅助电弧点火,通过该辅助电弧使电焊弧在焊接电源接通之后即点火,在这方法中,借助一个提供高频高电压脉冲的脉冲发生器在接通辅助电源之前首先产生一个高频电弧来使辅助电弧在焊接区内点火(电缆和金属制品古特霍夫农斯胡特股份公司1975年4月出版的“UNIWEMA手册”)。
这样一种方法可以用于例如焊接钢板、铜板或铝板。一个特殊的使用领域是制造一种由一条纵向伸展的金属带形成的管子。一条如此成形的金属带的沿纵向伸展的相互碰在一起的边缘将连续地相互焊接在一起。这样制成的管子能够用于运送流体或者用作电缆的保护套。使用一个固定的但不烧损的电极来进行焊接。电焊弧将带材边缘加热直至其熔化成液态。因此无焊瘤的焊缝由金属带的材料本身形成。焊接区通过一种惰性保护气体、例如氩或氦屏蔽住使之与空气中的氧隔绝以避免产生火孔(Brandloch)。
在根据开头提到的UNIWEMA手册的已知方法中,在电极与喷嘴之间的或在一种变型形式中在电极与工件之间的电焊弧接通之前先使一个辅助电弧点火,辅助电弧以比电焊弧小的电流强度燃烧。通过辅助电弧将电极和工件预热使得在接通强电流的电焊弧时不会在工件中产生火孔。为了使辅助电弧点火,在保护气体下面的焊接区通过高频高电压脉冲进行电离。这脉冲由一个连接在电极与工件之间的脉冲发生器提供。这样产生的高频电弧在点着辅助电弧后就被切断。这个方法在实践中被证明是合用的。然而它要求对焊接电源采取有效的保护免受高频高电压脉冲的损害,因而使辅助电弧的点火条件受到不利的影响。
本发明的目的在于对开头所述的方法作进一步的发展从而为辅助电弧的点火创造稳定的条件。
根据本发明,这一目的通过与焊接电源在电气上分离的脉冲发生器一方面与喷嘴相连而另一方面与工件相连,在这两个部件之间产生高频电弧以达到保护气体的更好的电离来实现。
在此惊异地发现,通过在电极与喷嘴之间产生出燃烧的高频电弧,在焊接区内达到保护气体的更好的电离。仅仅由此就可以使辅助电弧的点火条件更加稳定。再加上在这方法中脉冲发生器跟焊接电源在电气上是分离的,因而保护焊接电源不受高频高电压脉冲影响的措施就可以取消。这就使保护气体的电离得到更进一步地改善因而使辅助电弧的点火条件更加稳定。
本发明的方法将通过实施例结合附图进行描述。在附图中,
图1是实施本发明的方法的装置的示意图;
图2和3是用本发明的方法制造的管子的两种不同的截面图。
根据附图中所示的装置,使用一个在图中仅示意地示出的成形工具1使准备形成带缝管子2(图2)的金属带3的纵向伸展的、相互碰在一起的对接边缘连续地相互焊接在一起。这样所得到的焊接好的工件是一根带有无焊瘤的焊缝5的闭合管子4。
焊接金属带3的装置具有一个固定的但不烧损的电极6,该电极例如是由钨制成。电极6设在一个例如由钢、铜或黄铜制成的管状喷嘴7中,该喷嘴与一充灌有气体的容器8相连。此外,该装置上还配设有一个焊接电源9、一个辅助电源10和一个脉冲发生器11。给电焊弧供电的焊接电源9与辅助电源10一样跟电极6及金属带3亦即管子4相连接。脉冲发生器11与喷嘴7和金属带3亦即管子4相连。
容器8内装有一种惰性气体、例如氩或氦。从焊接电源9供给的电流要比来自辅助电源10的电流强得多。脉冲发生器11供给高频高电压脉冲。
根据本发明的方法的工作方式如下:
在阀门12开启后,气体以例如1个巴的压力和每分种大约5至10公升的流率流入喷嘴7。它环绕冲刷着电极6、特别是电极6的朝向管子4的尖端。气体将在电极6的尖端处的和管子4的表面的、亦即金属带3的相接的边缘处的整个焊接区B与环境空气中的氧隔绝。然后借助开关13将脉冲发生器11接通。通过从该脉冲发生器发生的例如6伏电压的、频率约为600千赫的高频高电压脉冲就可使焊接区B内的气体发生电离。此外在喷嘴7与管子4之间就产生一个高频电弧HFL。
一旦高频电弧HFL燃烧起来,就借助于开关14接通辅助电源10。通过气体的电离和通过高频电弧HFL将使电极6与管子4之间的辅助电弧由此点火。辅助电弧由辅助电源10供电并以例如5至7安培的较小的电流强度燃烧,使电极6和金属带3的相接的边缘仅仅被加热。然后高频电弧HFL将通过开关13的打开而被切断。
为焊接金属带3的边缘,随后通过开关15将焊接电源9接通。电焊弧SL随着通过辅助电弧点火。它以例如350安培的电流强度燃烧。一旦电焊弧SL燃烧起来,辅助电源10就被切断。与此同时,管子4沿着箭头P的方向被拉动并由此连续地在电极6旁边移动通过。通过辅助电弧使电极6和金属带3的预热得到保证,因而在开动电焊弧SL时在焊缝5中、亦即在管子4中不会产生火孔。

Claims (1)

1.一种在一个固定电极与一个准备焊接的金属工件之间点火一个电焊弧的方法,在这方法中借助一个一直伸出至焊接区的喷嘴供应一种将焊接区本身覆盖住的保护气体,在这方法中在接通一个向电焊弧供电的焊接电源之前在焊接区内将一个从一个辅助电源供电的辅助电弧点火,通过该辅助电弧使电焊弧在焊接电源接通之后即点火,在这方法中,借助一个提供高频高电压脉冲的脉冲发生器在接通辅助电源之前首先产生一个高频电弧来使辅助电弧在焊接区内点火,其特征在于,通过与焊接电源(9)在电气上分离的脉冲发生器(11)一方面与喷嘴(7)相连而另一方面与工件相连,在这两个部件之间产生高频电弧(HFL)以达到保护气体的更好的电离。
CN96110822A 1995-07-11 1996-07-08 电焊弧的点火方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1050554C (zh)

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DE19525191A DE19525191A1 (de) 1995-07-11 1995-07-11 Verfahren zum Zünden eines Schweißlichtbogens
DE19525191.1 1995-07-11

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AT (1) ATE185997T1 (zh)
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KR19990047488A (ko) * 1997-12-04 1999-07-05 성재갑 흡수체 조성물 및 이를 함유한 저공해 분말세제 조성물과 그의제조방법
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US20060263016A1 (en) * 2005-05-18 2006-11-23 3Sae Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for fusion splicing optical fibers
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RU2160178C2 (ru) 2000-12-10
DK0753371T3 (da) 1999-11-08
EP0753371B1 (de) 1999-10-27
ES2138257T3 (es) 2000-01-01
ATE185997T1 (de) 1999-11-15
DE59603456D1 (de) 1999-12-02
JP3765616B2 (ja) 2006-04-12
DE19525191A1 (de) 1997-01-16
AU5944096A (en) 1997-01-23
CN1146388A (zh) 1997-04-02
US5705790A (en) 1998-01-06
CA2180796C (en) 2004-09-14
EP0753371A1 (de) 1997-01-15
GR3032231T3 (en) 2000-04-27
IN187738B (zh) 2002-06-15
KR100389790B1 (ko) 2003-11-28
KR970005486A (ko) 1997-02-19
JPH0924467A (ja) 1997-01-28
AU700115B2 (en) 1998-12-24
CA2180796A1 (en) 1997-01-12

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