CN105050393B - 包含内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物组合物 - Google Patents

包含内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物组合物 Download PDF

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CN105050393B
CN105050393B CN201480006257.6A CN201480006257A CN105050393B CN 105050393 B CN105050393 B CN 105050393B CN 201480006257 A CN201480006257 A CN 201480006257A CN 105050393 B CN105050393 B CN 105050393B
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N·J·帕瑞
J·C·奥基夫
C·F·史密斯
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Abstract

本发明涉及包含内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物组合物,包含内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物添加剂组合物。

Description

包含内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物组合物
本发明涉及一种包含内酰胺的改进的抗微生物组合物。
WO 2007/085042和WO 2004/016588公开了内酰胺的抗微生物功效。
尽管存在现有技术,但仍然有对改进的抗微生物组合物的需要。
因此,本发明的第一方面提供了一种包含内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物组合物,优选其中内酰胺具有式(I)或(II):
在第二方面,提供了一种含有内酰胺和助水溶剂的抗微生物添加剂组合物。
优选地,抗微生物组合物和添加剂组合物含有0.000001至50重量%,更优选0.001至50重量%,甚至更优选0.01至5重量%,最优选0.01至2%的内酰胺。
在本发明的第三方面,提供了一种抗微生物组合物,其包含第二方面的抗微生物添加剂组合物。
在第四方面,提供了一种用于制备抗微生物组合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
(i)直接混合内酰胺和助水溶剂以形成抗微生物添加剂组合物;
(ii)将(i)的抗微生物添加剂组合物与水性载体混合。
在第五方面,提供了一种用于制备抗微生物添加剂组合物的方法,包括直接混合助水溶剂与内酰胺的步骤。
在第六方面,本发明提供了根据第一和第三方面的抗微生物组合物或根据第二方面的抗微生物添加剂组合物用于预防或破坏微生物生长的用途。
优选地,抗微生物添加剂组合物及制备所述添加剂组合物的方法基本上不含其他成分。
此处所用的术语“基本上不含”应理解为是指任何含量的相对很少至没有的量。优选地,抗微生物含有小于1重量%、更优选小于0.1重量%的其他成分。
优选地,水性载体是适用于家庭或个人护理产品的载体。优选的个人护理产品包括洗发剂、头发调理剂、除臭剂、皮肤清洁组合物和口腔护理产品如牙膏和漱口水。优选的家庭护理产品是例如硬表面清洗剂或洗衣组合物。
根据本发明的抗微生物添加剂组合物可以用作将在其他组合物中稀释的抗微生物原料,或者所述组合物可以是消费品,其应用是旨在为基材提供抗微生物效果或者甚至在添加至消费组合物时用作防腐剂。
优选地,内酰胺具有式(I)或(II)
优选地,内酰胺具有式(I)或(II),其中:
R1和R2各自独立地选自氢、卤素、烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、氧代烷基(oxoalkyl)、烯基、杂环基、杂芳基、芳基和芳烷基(aralalkyl);和
R3选自氢、羟基、烷基、环烷基、烷氧基、氧代烷基、烯基、杂环基、杂芳基、环烷基、芳基、芳烷基和-C(O)CR6=CH2;
R4和R5独立地选自氢、芳基、杂环基、杂芳基和芳基烷基;和
R6选自氢和甲基;和
R7选自氢和-C(O)CR6=CH2;和
优选地,R4和R5中至少一个是氢;和
优选地,R1和R2中至少一个选自杂环基、杂芳基、芳基和芳基烷基;和
优选地,R1是氢。优选地,R3是氢。优选地,R4是氢。优选地,R5是氢。优选地,R6是氢;和
优选地,R2是芳基或芳烷基。更优选地,R2包含卤素取代的苯基。
优选地,助水溶剂选自单丙二醇、二甲基亚砜、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物和乙醇。
优选地,助水溶剂以组合物的0.001至25重量%存在。
优选的内酰胺为:
5-亚甲基-4-(4′-溴苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.295)
5-亚甲基-4-(2′-氟苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.310)
5-亚甲基-4-苯基-1H-吡咯-2(5H)-酮(Ref.未取代的)
甲基2-(3-(4-氟苯基)-2-亚甲基-5-氧代-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)(Ref.309)
3-溴-4-己基-5-(溴亚甲基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮(Ref.113)
4-(4-三氟甲基)苯基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮(Ref.265)
5-羟基-5-甲基-4-(2′-氟苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.313)
5-(苯硫基-3-亚甲基)呋喃-(2H)-酮(Ref.350)。
最优选的内酰胺为:
5-亚甲基-4-(4′-溴苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.295)
5-亚甲基-4-(2′-氟苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.310)
5-亚甲基-4-苯基-1H-吡咯-2(5H)-酮(Ref.未取代的)
甲基2-(3-(4-氟苯基)-2-亚甲基-5-氧代-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)(Ref.309)
优选地,助水溶剂选自单丙二醇、二甲基亚砜、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物和乙醇。
优选地,聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯是选自单月桂酸酯、单棕榈酸酯、单硬脂酸酯和单油酸酯的单酯。
优选地,聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯包含5至80、更优选10至45,最优选20个氧化乙烯单元。实例包括聚山梨醇酯20、40、60和80。
最优选的聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯是聚山梨醇酯20。
优选地,蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物包含10到50、更优选30至45、最优选40个氧化乙烯单元。实例包括PEG-20、40和60氢化蓖麻油。
最优选的蓖麻油聚氧乙烯衍生物是PEG-40氢化蓖麻油。
优选地,组合物是家庭护理或个人护理产品。
优选的个人护理产品包括洗发剂、头发调理剂、除臭剂、皮肤清洁组合物和口腔护理产品如牙膏和漱口水。优选的家庭护理产品包括硬表面清洗剂或洗衣组合物。
内酰胺
合适的内酰胺在WO 2007/085042和WO 2004/016588中公开,其内容尤其是针对内酰胺的制备和WO 2007/085042中丙烯酸酯聚合物(某些内酰胺与其相关)的制备,通过引用并入。
例如:
实施例1
下面的数据说明了包含内酰胺(Ref.295和Ref.未取代的)和助水溶剂(单丙二醇)的洗衣组合物(下称“基础组合物”)的抗微生物效力,但只是在助水溶剂与内酰胺在添加到组合物的剩余部分之前混合的情况下。试验样品如下:
A仅内酰胺和助水溶剂
B直接加入到基础制剂中(其含有MPG)的内酰胺-加入前未预混合
C将与助水溶剂预混合然后加入到基础制剂中的内酰胺
D仅加入到基础制剂中的助水溶剂
基础制剂
将测试样品在无菌水中稀释以达到内酰胺为11.5ppm的水平。将稀释溶液(80μl)加入到微孔板中8log浓度的表皮葡萄球菌细菌悬浮液(20μl)中。将生长培养基(100μl胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤)加入到微孔板的各个孔中,并孵育20小时。每30分钟测量细菌呼吸,结果为:
A-仅内酰胺+助水溶剂(检出存活细菌呼吸~4-5小时)
B直接加入到基础制剂中(其含有MPG)的内酰胺-加入前未预混合(检出存活细菌呼吸4-5小时)
C与助水溶剂预混合的内酰胺,然后加入到基础制剂中(没有检出存活细菌呼吸-20小时是最大检测时间)
D加入到基础制剂中的助水溶剂(检出存活细菌呼吸3-4小时)
其结果示于图1。
实施例2
下面说明本发明在内酰胺领域中的广泛应用
下面的实例是在添加至组合物的剩余部分之前将内酰胺与助水溶剂预混合,并在无菌水中稀释至11.5ppm和0.575ppm以评估对表皮葡萄球菌悬浮液的抗菌功效时获得的数据。将稀释溶液(80μl)加入到微孔板中8log浓度的表皮葡萄球菌细菌悬浮液(20μl)中。将生长培养基(100μl胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤)加入到微孔板的各个孔中,并孵育20小时。每30分钟测量细菌呼吸。然后将测试样品的数据与未处理的细胞悬浮液(加入无菌水代替测试样品)进行对比并计算抑制百分比。
实施例3
本实施例的目的是调查实现5-亚甲基-4-苯基-1H-吡咯-2(5H)-酮(Ref.未取代的)在以下的如上所述基础制剂中溶解的方法。
使用超声混合器获得确定的溶解性。
我们对5-20ml的批次使用Hielscher UP200S(200W)超声头。我们进行最多60分钟的超声处理。
认为聚山梨醇酯和聚乙二醇化蓖麻油足以适合进行接下来的试验。
各个候选增溶剂的进一步评估
然后我们使用72小时高速磁力搅拌(在增溶剂在室温下单独固化的情况下,保持温度为~50℃)和20分钟超声处理两者测试具有1%的内酰胺的候选增溶剂。
内酰胺溶液的制备
在每种情况下,我们使用高速搅拌将内酰胺粉末(以下表所示水平)引入增溶剂中以避免形成团块。一旦加入粉末,开始所描述的混合方法(连续的高速搅拌或超声混合)。在山梨糖醇油酸酯和聚山梨醇酯60的情况下,我们施加初始加热至大约50℃以确保增溶剂在开始加入内酰胺之前全部为液体。这两种材料在室温下都不流动。PEG-40氢化蓖麻需要初始加热至~35℃以确保在开始前的完全流动性。
内酰胺溶液引入基质中
提供的基质样品具有特意留出作为待加入的内酰胺溶液的空间的5%“空隙”。我们通过恒定机械搅拌确保内酰胺完全均一化(避免任何不溶的内酰胺原料的沉降),并使用低速搅拌将它们加入基质以在不发生充气的情况下将它们加入。
稳定性测试
我们对看起来有利(即,溶解了合理比例的内酰胺)的所有测试变体进行稳定性测试。我们将测试变体的样品在透明塑料瓶子中制备,并将它们置于不同的温度条件下:
*环境温度
*40℃
*50℃
*冰箱
*高光(“商店”橱窗)
目的是观察颜色、粘度、溶解性或一般物理稳定性的任何差异。每天对样品进行评价,并与环境温度样品进行比较以记录任何变化。在评价之前,使得所有样品平衡至环境温度。
异戊二醇
3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇
双甘油
戊二醇
PEG-60氢化蓖麻油
聚山梨醇酯60
聚山梨醇酯80
Sisterna SP30-C
Sisterna SP50-C
Sisterna SP70-C
聚山梨醇酯20
PEG-40氢化蓖麻油
观察和制剂规则
温度和颜色变化
我们首先观察的是在所有成功(或部分成功)的样品中可见的颜色变化。我们看到,当一些内酰胺开始溶解时,溶液发展为轻微的琥珀色。当样品超过50℃时,这一颜色变化进展迅速,导致深棕色。当温度达到65℃时,深棕色几乎不透明*
*这个温度水平仅针对聚山梨醇酯20和PEG-40氢化蓖麻油变体进行测试。
从整个项目的观察中,我们得出~50℃是溶解内酰胺的最适温度的结论。
混合条件
与较短时间段相比,很长时间(48-72小时)的机械搅拌导致增溶作用的改善;然而,我们没有发现这一混合长度中心获得完全溶解。超声混合证明是更为成功的,并且我们得出结论,这对于有效溶解是需要的,当然是对筛选后的聚山梨醇酯20和PEG-40氢化蓖麻油候选物。
从所进行的所有试验中,我们相信使用正确的超声混合条件(其能量相对于批量大小相对于最大50℃的受控温度)可以获得有效的溶解。

Claims (19)

1.抗微生物组合物,其包含内酰胺和助水溶剂,其中所述内酰胺具有式(Ⅰ)或(Ⅱ):
(I)或(II)
其中
R1为氢;
R2选自杂环基、杂芳基、芳基和芳烷基;
R3为氢;
R4为氢;
R5为氢;
R7选自氢和-C(O)CR6=CH2;和R6选自氢和甲基;
其中所述助水溶剂选自聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯和蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物,所述聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯包含5至80个氧化乙烯单元,所述蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物包含10到50个氧化乙烯单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中R2是卤素取代的苯基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述内酰胺选自:
5-亚甲基-4-(4'-溴苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.295)、5-亚甲基-4-(2'-氟苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.310)、5-亚甲基-4-苯基-1H-吡咯-2(5H)-酮(Ref.未取代的)、甲基2-(3-(4-氟苯基)-2-亚甲基-5-氧代-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)(Ref.309)、5-亚甲基-4-苯基-二氢-吡咯-2-酮(Ref.219)、3-溴-4-己基-5-(溴亚甲基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮(Ref.113)、4-(4-三氟甲基)苯基)-2(5H)-呋喃酮(Ref.265)、5-羟基-5-甲基-4-(2'-氟苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.313)、5-(苯硫基-3-亚甲基)呋喃(2H)-酮(Ref.350)及其混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述内酰胺选自:
5-亚甲基-4-(4'-溴苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.295)、5-亚甲基-4-(2'-氟苯基)-二氢吡咯-2-酮(Ref.310)、5-亚甲基-4-苯基-1H-吡咯-2(5H)-酮(Ref.未取代的)、甲基2-(3-(4-氟苯基)-2-亚甲基-5-氧代-2,5-二氢-1H-吡咯-1-基)(Ref.309)及其混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述助水溶剂以所述组合物的0.001至5重量%存在。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述内酰胺以所述组合物的0.001至50重量%存在。
7.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述内酰胺以所述组合物的0.01至5重量%存在。
8.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述内酰胺以所述组合物的0.01至2重量%存在。
9.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述助水溶剂为蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物,其包含30至45个氧化乙烯单元。
10.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述助水溶剂为蓖麻油的聚氧乙烯衍生物,其包含40个氧化乙烯单元。
11.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述助水溶剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯,其包含10至45个氧化乙烯单元。
12.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其中所述助水溶剂为聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯,其包含20个氧化乙烯单元。
13.根据权利要求1所述的抗微生物组合物,其为家庭或个人护理组合物。
14.根据权利要求13所述的抗微生物组合物,其选自洗发剂、调理剂、除臭剂、皮肤清洁组合物和止汗剂。
15.根据权利要求13所述的抗微生物组合物,其选自洗衣组合物、硬表面清洗剂或洁厕剂。
16.一种制备抗微生物组合物的方法,其包括直接混合权利要求1中所述的助水溶剂与内酰胺的步骤。
17.一种用于制备抗微生物组合物的方法,其包括以下步骤:
(i)直接混合如权利要求1中所述的内酰胺和助水溶剂以形成抗微生物组合物;和
(ii)将步骤(i)的所述抗微生物组合物与水性载体混合。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述抗微生物组合物为根据权利要2-15中任一项所述的抗微生物组合物。
19.根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的抗微生物组合物用于预防或破坏微生物生长的用途。
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