CN105044975A - 一种液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

一种液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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CN105044975A
CN105044975A CN201510549344.2A CN201510549344A CN105044975A CN 105044975 A CN105044975 A CN 105044975A CN 201510549344 A CN201510549344 A CN 201510549344A CN 105044975 A CN105044975 A CN 105044975A
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liquid crystal
light
crystal panel
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guide plate
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金起满
郑喆奎
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510549344.2A priority Critical patent/CN105044975A/zh
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Priority to US15/527,857 priority patent/US20180348421A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/071763 priority patent/WO2017036075A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
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    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F2201/305—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating diffraction grating
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    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/36—Micro- or nanomaterials

Abstract

本发明涉及显示技术领域，公开一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶面板和位于所述液晶面板入光侧的背光模组，所述液晶面板包括多个阵列分布的亚像素，所述背光模组包括导光板和光源，所述背光模组和液晶面板中：所述光源为单色光源；所述导光板上设有光栅，所述光栅的周期与光源发射光线的波长峰值之比大于等于0.5且小于等于1，以将射入液晶面板的光线的入射角限定在设定范围内；所述液晶面板的出光侧设有光转换模块，用于将光源发射的光通过各亚像素时将光线的颜色转换为各亚像素所要显示的颜色。上述液晶显示装置能够提高液晶面板对各像素单元的亮态和暗态的显示精度，且能够提高对各像素单元显示颜色的控制精度。

Description

一种液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种液晶显示装置。
背景技术
现有技术中，TN模式的液晶显示装置如图1所示，背光模组采用白色光源03，并且，虽然照射入导光板02内的光线在导出导光板02时具有一定的出射角限制，但是，这些光在导出导光板02时仍然显得杂乱无章，进而导致无论液晶面板01的液晶层内的液晶分子011处于初始取向状态还是在电场作用下处于偏转状态时，这些光在穿过液晶面板01的液晶层时与液晶层内液晶分子011的长轴之间的夹角的范围很大，进而导致液晶分子011对各光线的相位延迟量不同，TN模式的液晶显示装置在显示图像时，各像素单元很难实现标准的亮态和暗态，并且很难通过控制液晶分子的转向来实现对各像素单元显示颜色的精确控制，进而导致液晶显示装置显示图像的质量较差。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种液晶显示装置，该液晶显示装置对各像素单元的亮态和暗态以及颜色的控制精度较高，进而显示质量较高。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶面板和位于所述液晶面板入光侧的背光模组，所述液晶面板包括多个阵列分布的亚像素，所述背光模组包括导光板和光源，所述背光模组和液晶面板中：
所述光源为单色光源；
所述导光板上设有光栅，所述光栅的周期与光源发射光线的波长峰值之比大于等于0.5且小于等于1，以将射入液晶面板的光线的入射角限定在设定范围内；
所述液晶面板的出光侧设有光转换模块，用于将光源发射的光通过各亚像素时将光线的颜色转换为各亚像素所要显示的颜色。
上述液晶显示装置中，背光模组采用的光源为单色光源，利用光的回折现象，当导光板设置的光栅的周期与光源发射光线的波长峰值之比大于等于0.5且小于等于1时，光栅能够对单色光源发射的单色光具有较佳的聚光效果，进而能够将射入液晶面板的光线的入射角限定在设定的范围内，使液晶面板的液晶层对射入液晶面板的所有光线的相位延迟的差值较小，提高液晶面板对各像素单元的亮态和暗态的显示精度；并且，液晶面板上设置的光转换模块能够将颜色与光源发射的单色光颜色不同的亚像素的光转换为与各亚像素颜色匹配的光，能够提高对各像素单元显示颜色的控制精度。
优选地，所述设定范围为大于等于-15°且小于等于+15°。
优选地，所述导光板朝向所述液晶面板的一面设有所述光栅；和/或，
所述导光板背离所述液晶面板的一面设有所述光栅。
优选地，所述导光板的制备材料为亚克力材料PMMA、或聚碳酸酯材料PC。
优选地，所述光栅的材料与所述导光板的制备材料相同，或所述光栅的材料为金属材料。
优选地，所述亚像素包括红色亚像素、绿色亚像素和蓝色亚像素，且所述光源为蓝色单色光源。
优选地，所述液晶面板设置的光转换模块包括：
与每一个所述红色亚像素对应的第一量子点发光层，所述第一量子点发光层在蓝色光的激发时发射红色光；
与每一个所述绿色亚像素对应的第二量子点发光层，所述第二量子点层在蓝色光的激发下发射绿色光。
优选地，所述液晶面板设置的光转换模块还包括：
设置于所述第一量子点层背离所述背光模组一侧、且与所述红色亚像素对应的红色滤光层；
设置于所述第二量子点层背离所述背光模组一侧、且与所述绿色亚像素对应的绿色滤光层。
优选地，所述光转换模块还包括与所述蓝色亚像素对应的蓝色滤光层。
优选地，所述第一量子层与第二量子层内参杂有光散射粒子；和/或，
所述红色滤光层、绿色滤光层以及蓝色滤光层内参杂有光散射粒子。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中TN模式的液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参考图2，一种具体实施例中，本发明实施例提供的液晶显示装置包括液晶面板1和位于液晶面板1入光侧的背光模组，液晶面板1包括多个阵列分布的亚像素，背光模组包括导光板2和光源3，背光模组和液晶面板1中：
光源3为单色光源；
导光板2上设有光栅21，光栅21的周期与光源3发射光线的波长峰值之比大于等于0.5且小于等于1，以将射入液晶面板1的光线的入射角限定在设定范围内；
液晶面板1的出光侧设有光转换模块12，用于将光源3发射的光通过各亚像素时将光线的颜色转换为各亚像素所要显示的颜色。
上述液晶显示装置中，背光模组采用的光源3为单色光源，利用光的回折现象，当导光板2设置的光栅21的周期与光源3发射光线的波长峰值之比大于等于0.5且小于等于1时，光栅21能够对单色光源发射的单色光具有较佳的聚光效果，进而能够将射入液晶面板1的光线的入射角限定在设定的范围内，使液晶面板1的液晶层内的液晶分子11对射入液晶面板1的所有光线的相位延迟的差值较小，提高液晶面板1对各像素单元的亮态和暗态的显示精度；并且，液晶面板1上设置的光转换模块12能够将颜色与光源发射的单色光颜色不同的亚像素的光转换为与各亚像素颜色匹配的光，能够提高对各像素单元显示颜色的控制精度。
导光板2导出的光线在射入液晶面板时，入射角较大的光线在经过光栅的聚光作用之后的入射角减小了，进而，光栅能够将射入液晶面板1的光线的入射角限定在设定的范围内。
并且，为了便于对液晶面板1中光转换模块12的原理进行描述，设定上述光源3为蓝色单色光源，且每一个像素单元包括红色亚像素、绿色亚像素和蓝色亚像素，则：
与红色亚像素对应的光转换模块能够将蓝色光转换为红色光，与绿色亚像素对应的光转换模块能够将蓝色光转换为绿色光。
优选地，设定范围为大于等于-15°且小于等于+15°。
一种优选实施方式中，上述液晶显示装置的背光模块中的导光板2中，可以是其朝向液晶面板1的一面设有上述光栅21，如图2中所示；
还可以是导光板2背离液晶面板1的一面设有光栅；
当然，还可以是导光板2朝向液晶面板1的一面以及背离液晶面板1的一面均设有光栅。
具体地，上述导光板2的制备材料可以为亚克力材料PMMA，还可以为聚碳酸酯材料PC。
上述光栅21为反光性材料制备的光栅，优选地，光栅21的材料可以与导光板2的制备材料相同，还可以为金属材料，并且可以直接在导光板2上通过沉积构图工艺形成。
一种优选实施方式中，液晶面板1中具有的亚像素包括红色亚像素、绿色亚像素和蓝色亚像素，且光源3为蓝色单色光源。
当上述光源3为蓝色单色光源时，优选地，液晶面板1设置的光转换模块12可以包括：
与每一个红色亚像素对应的第一量子点发光层，第一量子点发光层在蓝色光的激发时发射红色光；
与每一个绿色亚像素对应的第二量子点发光层，第二量子点层在蓝色光的激发下发射绿色光。
光转换模块12中的第一量子点发光层能够在蓝色光的激发下发射红色光，进而为红色亚像素提供红色光；第二量子点发光层能够在蓝光的激发下发射绿色光，进而为绿色亚像素提供绿色光；蓝色光线可以直接为蓝色亚像素提供蓝色光，进而能够使液晶显示装置实现彩色显示。
优选地，为了进一步提高每种颜色的亚像素射出光线的颜色的纯度，液晶面板1设置的光转换模块12还包括：
设置于第一量子点层背离背光模组一侧、且与红色亚像素对应的红色滤光层；
设置于第二量子点层背离背光模组一侧、且与绿色亚像素对应的绿色滤光层。
红色滤光层能够将红色亚像素射出的光线中没有被完全转换的蓝色光过滤掉，同时，绿色滤光层能够将绿色亚像素射出的光线中没有被完全转换的蓝色光过滤掉，进而提高了红色亚像素和绿色亚像素射出液晶面板1的光线的色纯度，提高液晶显示装置的显示效果。
优选地，光转换模块12还包括与蓝色亚像素对应的蓝色滤光层。
在进一步的技术方案中，为了提高光线在射出液晶面板1时的散射角度，进而提高液晶显示装置的可是视角，优选地，第一量子层与第二量子层内参杂有光散射粒子；和/或，
红色滤光层、绿色滤光层以及蓝色滤光层内参杂有光散射粒子。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

1.一种液晶显示装置，包括液晶面板和位于所述液晶面板入光侧的背光模组，所述液晶面板包括多个阵列分布的亚像素，所述背光模组包括导光板和光源，其特征在于，所述背光模组和液晶面板中：
所述光源为单色光源；
所述导光板上设有光栅，所述光栅的周期与光源发射光线的波长峰值之比大于等于0.5且小于等于1，以将射入液晶面板的光线的入射角限定在设定范围内；
所述液晶面板的出光侧设有光转换模块，用于将光源发射的光通过各亚像素时将光线的颜色转换为各亚像素所要显示的颜色。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述设定范围为大于等于-15°且小于等于+15°。
3.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述导光板朝向所述液晶面板的一面设有所述光栅；和/或，
所述导光板背离所述液晶面板的一面设有所述光栅。
4.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述导光板的制备材料为亚克力材料PMMA、或聚碳酸酯材料PC。
5.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述光栅的材料与所述导光板的制备材料相同，或所述光栅的材料为金属材料。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述亚像素包括红色亚像素、绿色亚像素和蓝色亚像素，且所述光源为蓝色单色光源。
7.根据权利要求6所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板设置的光转换模块包括：
与每一个所述红色亚像素对应的第一量子点发光层，所述第一量子点发光层在蓝色光的激发时发射红色光；
与每一个所述绿色亚像素对应的第二量子点发光层，所述第二量子点层在蓝色光的激发下发射绿色光。
8.根据权利要求7所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶面板设置的光转换模块还包括：
设置于所述第一量子点层背离所述背光模组一侧、且与所述红色亚像素对应的红色滤光层；
设置于所述第二量子点层背离所述背光模组一侧、且与所述绿色亚像素对应的绿色滤光层。
9.根据权利要求8所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述光转换模块还包括与所述蓝色亚像素对应的蓝色滤光层。
10.根据权利要求8所述的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一量子层与第二量子层内参杂有光散射粒子；和/或，
所述红色滤光层、绿色滤光层以及蓝色滤光层内参杂有光散射粒子。
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