CN105027993A - Watermelon grafting method - Google Patents
Watermelon grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105027993A CN105027993A CN201510497101.9A CN201510497101A CN105027993A CN 105027993 A CN105027993 A CN 105027993A CN 201510497101 A CN201510497101 A CN 201510497101A CN 105027993 A CN105027993 A CN 105027993A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a watermelon grafting method. The watermelon grafting method includes the following steps: carrying out stock breeding; soaking seeds for accelerating germination, wherein at the time five to ten days after stock breeding, the seeds are sterilized, rinsed and soaked; growing seedlings; hardening the seedlings, wherein thin films of minor arches are lifted up in the daytime to enable the seedlings to be irradiated by sunlight, and put down at night; carrying out grafting, wherein main leaves and growing points of stock are removed, then holes are slantly formed in the top ends of the stock in an inserted mode through bamboo sticks with the diameter the same as that of scions, then the proper scions are selected, the bamboo sticks on the stock are pulled out, and the scions are inserted into the holes; managing the grafted seedlings, wherein the indoor temperature is controlled to range 24 DEG C to 29 DEG C in the daytime and controlled to range 18 DEG C to 23 DEG C at night, and the humidity is controlled to range from 70%rh to 85%rh; removing sprouts of the stock, wherein the lateral sprouts germinated from the stock are removed at the time ten to fifteen days after grafting is carried out; hardening the seedlings before transplanting is carried out, wherein low-temperature hardening is carried out on the seedlings at the time seven days before transplanting is carried out; carrying out transplanting. By means of the watermelon grafting method, the watermelon grafting survival rate can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grafting field, be specifically related to a kind of Grafting watermelon method.
Background technology
All there is cultivating watermelon in China north and south, and watermelon is a kind of dicotyledonous flowering plant, and tree characteristics is as tendril, and leaf is featheriness.The fruit that it is born is Peponidium, is the melon distinctive a kind of succulent fruit of Curcurbitaceae, is the pseudocarp that the inferior ovary having parietal placenta by three carpels grows.The main edible part of watermelon is flourishing placenta.Fruit rinds is smooth, and in green or yellow, fruit flesh succulence is red or yellow, rare white flesh.Watermelon is cold in nature, and taste is sweet; It has clearing away summerheat, promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, effect of diuresis relieving restlessness; Contribute to controlling chest diaphragm gas to stop up, full vexed uncomfortable, difficult urination, the raw sore of mouth and nose, hot summer weather, heatstroke, the diseases such as relieving alcoholism.Skin can also be cooked, and is used as medicine.
The continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon is day by day serious in the last few years, and especially under Protected Cultivation, soil-borne disease increases the weight of, and has influence on the normal growth of watermelon plant, thus causes output to reduce and quality decline, hinders the development of watermelon industry.Grafting watermelon cultivation overcomes continuous cropping obstacle, prevents and treats the effective technology measure that the diseases such as fusarium wilt occur.Grafting is one of artificial alimentation propagation method of plant.Namely, the branch of a Plants or bud, in grafting to the stem or root of another kind of plant, two parts be connected together are made to grow up to a complete plant.The mode of grafting is divided into scion grafting and bud grafting.The formation layer of scion and stock should be made during grafting to combine closely, to guarantee that scion survives.The branch connected or bud, be called scion, by the plant corpus connect, is called stock or platform wood.Generally select the seedling of tool 2 to 4 buds during scion, after grafting, become top or the neck of plant corpus, after stock grafting, become the root system part of plant corpus.The problems such as but graft seedling growth requires higher to graft technology, environmental condition and control measures, in current techniques, grafting method is also efficient, and poor repeatability, still exists the incidence of disease high in actual production, and the low and grafting growing way of survival rate is weak.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Grafting watermelon method that watermelon survival rate is high.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The base case that this programme provides is: a kind of Grafting watermelon method, comprises following steps:
A. stock breeding;
B. presoaking and germinating, carries out disinfection seed after 5 ~ 10 days in stock breeding, then rinsing, immersion;
C. nursery;
D. hardening, the film opening little arch daytime accepts sunlight by seedling, night cover film;
E. grafting, removes true leaf and growing point by stock, then for the identical bamboo let of scion stem in oblique cutting hole, stock top, then select suitable scion, the bamboo let on stock extracted, by scion patchhole;
F. the management of grafting, controlling room temperature daytime is 24 ~ 29 DEG C, and night is 18 ~ 23 DEG C, and humidity is 70 ~ 85%rh;
G. stock rudiment is extractd, at the lateral bud that grafting removes stock and sprouts for 10 ~ 15 days afterwards;
H. hardening before field planting, field planting carries out cold acclimation to seedling in first 7 days.
I. field planting.
This programme tool has the following advantages: 1, carry out hardening before grafting, and stock and scion were carried out hardening in before grafting 2 ~ 3 days, the coating opening little arch daytime accepts sunlight by seedling, and night, cover film, was conducive to nurturing staff, improves the survival rate after grafting.2, grafting is not before callus is formed, and the water supply of scion entirely by the infiltration of cell between stock and scion, and by iuntercellular output seldom, therefore keeps humidity to be the key being related to grafting success or failure.Fully water in little arch in this programme, cover tightly Small plastic shed, airtight nursery place, hut humidity is reached capacity state.3, after stock excision growing point, nutrient and the cotyledon assimilation products of Root Absorption are transported to side shaft, promote the sprouting of indefinite bud, and nutrient are fought in the growth of cotyledon sprouting of lateral bud and scion, directly have influence on growing of scion, so the lateral bud of removing stock sprouting in time.
Preferred version one: based on the preferred version of scheme, in described step B, disinfection seed sterilization is soaked seed 0.5 ~ 1.5 hour with the carbendazim liquid of 450 ~ 550 times; Seed clear water after sterilization puts into the water of 42 ~ 53 DEG C after cleaning; stir 10 ~ 15 minutes; soak seed again after cooling 4 ~ 6 hours; carbendazim is a kind of broad-spectrum germicide; for high-efficiency low-toxicity systemic fungicide; there is interior suction to treat and protective effect, carry out disinfection with carbendazim prior to seeding, improve germination rate.
Preferred version two: the preferably preferred version of, after seed soaking, seed is crumpled in 25 ~ 35 DEG C of water in step B, then seed is loaded in cloth bag that to be placed on 25 ~ 32 DEG C and humidity be through 38 ~ 43 hours in the environment of 60 ~ 70%rh, by seed soaking after seed in the water of 25 ~ 35 DEG C, rub the cement that can remove seed top layer, in order to germination.
Preferred version three: the preferably preferred version of two, in described step F, humidity is 75 ~ 85%rh, and this appropriateness, close to saturation state, is of value to the growth of grafting, improves graft survival rate.
Preferred version four: the preferably preferred version of three, describedly before step B, decontamination is carried out to melon kind, with the supernatant seed soaking 25 ~ 36min of limewash, then rinse with clear water, melon seeds surface may have melon pulp, mucus, the primary source of infection of Bacterial fruit blotch, by melon pulp, the mucus of removing melon seeds surface attachment after limewash immersion decontamination.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Embodiment one:
A kind of Grafting watermelon method, comprises following steps:
A. stock breeding;
B. presoaking and germinating, in stock breeding after 5 days, carries out decontamination to melon kind, with the supernatant seed soaking 25min of limewash, then rinses with clear water.Seed is carried out disinfection, then rinsing, immersion; The disinfection seed sterilization carbendazim liquid of 450 times is soaked seed 0.5 hour.Seed clear water after sterilization puts into the warm water of 42 DEG C after cleaning, stir after 10 minutes, naturally soaks seed 4 hours after cooling again.Repeatedly crumpled in the warm water of 25 DEG C by seed after seed soaking, the cement on removing seed top layer, in order to germination.Loading cloth bag after draining the water after seed-soaking 25 DEG C and humidity is in 60%rh environment 38 hours, seed sprouting.
C. nursery;
D. hardening, the film opening little arch daytime accepts sunlight by seedling, night cover film;
E. grafting, removes true leaf and growing point by stock, then for the identical bamboo let of scion stem in oblique cutting hole, stock top, then select suitable scion, the bamboo let on stock extracted, by scion patchhole;
F. the management of grafting, controlling room temperature daytime is 24 DEG C, and night is 18 DEG C, and humidity is 70%rh;
G. stock rudiment is extractd, at the lateral bud that grafting removes stock and sprouts for 10 days afterwards;
H. hardening before field planting, field planting carries out cold acclimation to seedling in first 7 days;
I. field planting.
Embodiment two,
A kind of Grafting watermelon method, comprises following steps:
A. stock breeding;
B. presoaking and germinating, in stock breeding after 7 days, carries out decontamination to melon kind, with the supernatant seed soaking 25min of limewash, then rinses with clear water.Seed is carried out disinfection, then rinsing, immersion; The disinfection seed sterilization carbendazim liquid of 500 times is soaked seed 1 hour.Seed clear water after sterilization puts into the warm water of 47 DEG C after cleaning, stir after 10 minutes, naturally soaks seed 5 hours after cooling again.Repeatedly crumpled in the warm water of 30 DEG C by seed after seed soaking, the cement on removing seed top layer, in order to germination.Loading cloth bag after draining the water after seed-soaking 30 DEG C and humidity is in 65%rh environment 40 hours, seed sprouting.
C. nursery;
D. hardening, the film opening little arch daytime accepts sunlight by seedling, night cover film;
E. grafting, removes true leaf and growing point by stock, then for the identical bamboo let of scion stem in oblique cutting hole, stock top, then select suitable scion, the bamboo let on stock extracted, by scion patchhole;
F. the management of grafting, controlling room temperature daytime is 26 DEG C, and night is 20 DEG C, and humidity is 80%rh;
G. stock rudiment is extractd, at the lateral bud that grafting removes stock and sprouts for 10 days afterwards;
H. hardening before field planting, field planting carries out cold acclimation to seedling in first 7 days
I. field planting.
Embodiment three,
A kind of Grafting watermelon method, comprises following steps:
A. stock breeding;
B. presoaking and germinating, in stock breeding after 10 days, carries out decontamination to melon kind, with the supernatant seed soaking 36min of limewash, then rinses with clear water.Seed is carried out disinfection, then rinsing, immersion; The disinfection seed sterilization carbendazim liquid of 550 times is soaked seed 1.5 hours.Seed clear water after sterilization puts into the warm water of 53 DEG C after cleaning, stir after 15 minutes, naturally soaks seed 6 hours after cooling again.Repeatedly crumpled in the warm water of 35 DEG C by seed after seed soaking, the cement on removing seed top layer, in order to germination.Loading cloth bag after draining the water after seed-soaking 32 DEG C and humidity is in 70%rh environment 43 hours, seed sprouting.
C. nursery;
D. hardening, the film opening little arch daytime accepts sunlight by seedling, night cover film;
E. grafting, removes true leaf and growing point by stock, then for the identical bamboo let of scion stem in oblique cutting hole, stock top, then select suitable scion, the bamboo let on stock extracted, by scion patchhole;
F. the management of grafting, controlling room temperature daytime is 29 DEG C, and night is 23 DEG C, and humidity is 85%rh;
G. stock rudiment is extractd, at the lateral bud that grafting removes stock and sprouts for 15 days afterwards;
H. hardening before field planting, field planting carries out cold acclimation to seedling in first 7 days
I. field planting.
Following table is the Experimental comparison of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 and common grafting method:
| Grafting method | Watermelon survival rate | Watermelon fruit-setting rate | The watermelon incidence of disease |
| Common grafting method | 47％ | Lower | 31％ |
| Embodiment 1 | 81％ | Higher | 17％ |
| Embodiment 2 | 87％ | High | 13％ |
| Embodiment 3 | 78％ | Higher | 16％ |
Can find out according to upper table data, embodiment one, embodiment two, embodiment three are compared with common grafting method, and watermelon setting ratio and fruit-setting rate are all higher, and the watermelon incidence of disease is low.This programme can improve Grafted Watermelon survival rate.
Above-described is only embodiments of the invention, and in scheme, the general knowledge such as known characteristic does not do too much description at this.It should be pointed out that for a person skilled in the art, under the premise of not departing from the present invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these all can not affect effect of the invention process and practical applicability.The protection domain that this application claims should be as the criterion with the content of its claim, and the embodiment in specification etc. record the content that may be used for explaining claim.
Claims (5)
1. a Grafting watermelon method, is characterized in that, comprises following steps:
A. stock breeding;
B. presoaking and germinating, carries out disinfection seed after 5 ~ 10 days in stock breeding, then rinsing, immersion;
C. nursery;
D. hardening, the film opening little arch daytime accepts sunlight by seedling, night cover film;
E. grafting, removes true leaf and growing point by stock, then for the identical bamboo let of scion stem in oblique cutting hole, stock top, then select suitable scion, the bamboo let on stock extracted, by scion patchhole;
F. the management of grafting, controlling room temperature daytime is 24 ~ 29 DEG C, and night is 18 ~ 23 DEG C, and humidity is 70 ~ 85%rh;
G. stock rudiment is extractd, at the lateral bud that grafting removes stock and sprouts for 10 ~ 15 days afterwards;
H. hardening before field planting, field planting carries out cold acclimation to seedling in first 7 days;
I. field planting.
2. Grafting watermelon method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step B described in described step B, the disinfection seed sterilization carbendazim liquid of 450 ~ 550 times is soaked seed 0.5 ~ 1.5 hour; Seed clear water after sterilization puts into the water of 42 ~ 53 DEG C after cleaning, stir 10 ~ 15 minutes, soak seed 4 ~ 6 hours after cooling again.
3. Grafting watermelon method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is crumpled by seed in step B after seed soaking in 25 ~ 35 DEG C of water, then seed is loaded in cloth bag that to be placed on 25 ~ 32 DEG C and humidity be in the environment of 60 ~ 70%rh 38 ~ 43 hours.
4. Grafting watermelon method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described step F, humidity is 75 ~ 85%rh.
5. Grafting watermelon method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, describedly before step B, carries out decontamination to melon kind, with the supernatant seed soaking 25 ~ 36min of limewash, then rinses with clear water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510497101.9A CN105027993A (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2015-08-13 | Watermelon grafting method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510497101.9A CN105027993A (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2015-08-13 | Watermelon grafting method |
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| CN105027993A true CN105027993A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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| CN201510497101.9A Pending CN105027993A (en) | 2015-08-13 | 2015-08-13 | Watermelon grafting method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284434A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Method for cultivating by grafting pumpkin seedlings with melons |
| CN105409521A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Grafted seedling raising method for greenhouse watermelons |
| CN105638255A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 淮南市亚丰酥瓜研究所 | High survival rate grafting method of melons |
| CN108738498A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-06 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | A method of improving watermelon seed survival rate |
| CN113424713A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-24 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Method for reducing lateral bud germination rate of grafted seedling stock |
-
2015
- 2015-08-13 CN CN201510497101.9A patent/CN105027993A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284434A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-03 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Method for cultivating by grafting pumpkin seedlings with melons |
| CN105409521A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 全椒县太平农作物幼苗培育专业合作社 | Grafted seedling raising method for greenhouse watermelons |
| CN105638255A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 淮南市亚丰酥瓜研究所 | High survival rate grafting method of melons |
| CN108738498A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-06 | 合肥扬扬农业科技有限公司 | A method of improving watermelon seed survival rate |
| CN113424713A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-09-24 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Method for reducing lateral bud germination rate of grafted seedling stock |
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Application publication date: 20151111 |