CN105009760A - Quantitative fertilization machine - Google Patents
Quantitative fertilization machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105009760A CN105009760A CN201510430988.XA CN201510430988A CN105009760A CN 105009760 A CN105009760 A CN 105009760A CN 201510430988 A CN201510430988 A CN 201510430988A CN 105009760 A CN105009760 A CN 105009760A
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- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AIMMVWOEOZMVMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopropanecarboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1CC1 AIMMVWOEOZMVMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cultivator external device and concretely relates to a quantitative fertilization machine. The quantitative fertilization machine comprises a frame connected to a cultivator, a travelling mechanism installed on the frame, a fertilizer storage mechanism installed on the frame, a groundbreaking mechanism and a fertilizer discharge mechanism installed at the lower part of the frame, and a power mechanism. The quantitative fertilization machine is characterized in that the quantitative fertilization machine also comprises a vertical reciprocating transmission mechanism, the groundbreaking mechanism comprises a main pipe, a groundbreaking head and a fixing shaft, the main pipe is communicated with the fertilizer discharge mechanism by a pipe, one end of the main pipe is fixedly connected to the reciprocating transmission mechanism, the other end of the main pipe is connected to the groundbreaking head, the upper end of the fixing shaft is fixed to the frame, a magnetic piece is fixed to the lower end of the fixing shaft and the groundbreaking head comprises magnetic blocks. The quantitative fertilization machine solves the problem that the fertilizer discharge mechanism of the existing cultivator fertilizer distributor continuously discharges fertilizer in fertilization so that a fertilizer loss is produced. The quantitative fertilization machine realizes effective fertilizer absorption by crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the external hanging device of cultivator, be specifically related to a kind of quantificationally fertilizing machine.
Background technology
Chemical fertilizer is important capital goods in the agricultural sector.The application of chemical fertilizer, facilitates the very big growth of agricultural output.At present, the annual applying quantity of chemical fertilizer of China reaches 12,000 ten thousand tons, has become nitrogenous fertilizer and has consumed the first big country.But, China uses in a lot of place chemical fertilizer and adopts top when shedding on earth's surface by chemical fertilizer or topdress to execute or the top application of root side, in fertilizer, most of active ingredient is volatilized in atmosphere or runs off, only about 30% of utilization absorbed by crops, not only fertilizer efficiency is lost quite seriously, is caused great consumption, and can bring environmental pollution.A large amount of production practices prove, fertilizer deep placement is the effective technology measure improving fertilizer efficiency.Urea deep placement can improve fertilizer efficiency 30% than top application; Carbonic hydroammonium deep placement can improve fertilizer efficiency 50% ~ 104% than top application.
Fertilizer deep placement to refer to chemical fertilizer with mechanical or manual instrument by the quantity needed for crop growth situation and chemical fertilizer position effect, imposes on the degree of depth of following 6 ~ 1 Ocm of soil table.Be applied as master with dry crop at present, manpower, animal power and machinery all can reach deep placement requirement.If but N-dressed deeply is by manually ditching in (cave), covering and bury, then efficiency is lower, therefore, only by means of the fertilizer machinery of function admirable, could spread fertilizer deep placement technology.Method of fertilizing deeply mainly contains following three kinds:
1. deep placement base fertilizer: during arable land with fertilising scarification equipment or on mouldboard plow and ploughing and leveling machine for paddy field additional fertile case and fertilizer distributor, while ploughing by fertilizer deep placement in soil layer.
2. sow deep fertilizer spraying: seed manure often mixes with bed and executes by past mechanical planting fertilising, and chemical fertilizer directly contacts with seed, and the ammonium ion after chemical fertilizer decomposes and acid ion very easily corrode burn seed and seedlings root, when amount of application is large, occur to burn kind of a burning seedling phenomenon.And sowing simultaneously deep-fertilizing, due to kind, nutriment in a fertilizer from avoiding fertilizer damage, and can reduce chemical fertilizer loss effectively, reduce fertilizer application amount, promote volume increase.
Wherein, sowing deep fertilizer spraying can press the mutual alignment relation of seed and fertilizer, and sowing deep fertilizer spraying mode can be summarized as following 4 kinds.
A) normotopia deep placement (b) position deep placement, side (c) three-phase fertilising (d) normotopia layer by layer manuring
(1) normotopia deep fertilizer spraying, fertilizer, immediately below seed, has the soil layer that 3 ~ 5cm is thick between seed manure, usual lower soil humidity is comparatively large, and fertilizer is easy to be dissolved in soil.This method is conducive to crop root downward uniform growth in topsoil, is generally used for cereal sowing.
(2) position, side deep fertilizer spraying fertilizer is positioned at the dark 3 ~ 5cm place of seed one side-lower, and its effect is applied fertilizer similar to normotopia.Be dissolved in fertilizer nutrient in soil easily absorb by seedling sidepiece root system, but fertilizer efficiency is uneven, and root system easily grows to side.Apply more a kind of fertilization mode.
(3) three-phase fertilising i.e. two side deep fertilizings.This method is more obvious than one-sided deep fertilizer spraying effect, and directly absorb fertilizer nutrient after seed sprouting, fertility is bringd into play.
(4) point two-layer fertilising immediately below the fertile seed of normotopia layered deep placement.According to Heilungkiang test, this fertilizing method has positive effect.
3. deep placement topdresses: chemical fertilizer is executed the position, deep, side at crop root.Intertillage crop is used and topdresses, and normally on multipurpose cultivator, installs fertilizer apparatus and applicator boot realizes topdressing deep placement.Though can carry out cereal with manpower type dry land fertilizer deep placing device to topdress deep placement, efficiency is very low.
In existing deep placement top dressing technique, the mode of operation of cultivator fertilizer machinery is, plough is equipped with in the front portion of cultivator, and plough breaks ground, and then by being arranged on the fertilizer mechanism in the middle part of cultivator, is entered in ditch by fertilizer.This pattern Problems existing has certain spacing between crop, and fertilizer machinery is then fertilizer always, and except fertilizer that distance crop root is nearer obtains and absorbs preferably, most distance crop root fertilizer far away then can be wasted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve existing cultivator fertilizer distributor fertilizer mechanism in fertilising process always fertilizer cause the problem of fertilizer loss, provide a kind of fertilizer discharged can the more effective fertilizing mechanism absorbed by crops.
The invention provides base case is: quantificationally fertilizing machine, comprise the frame be connected with cultivator, rack-mounted running gear, rack-mounted fertilizer holding mechanism, be arranged on break ground mechanism and the fertilizer mechanism of frame lower, and actuating unit, it is characterized in that, vertical reciprocating transmission mechanism, mechanism of breaking ground comprises main body tube, break ground head, and fixed axis, main body tube is by pipeline communication fertilizer mechanism, main body tube one end is fixedly connected with reciprocating transmission mechanism one end and connects the head that breaks ground, fixed axis upper end is fixed in frame, lower end is fixed with band magnetic part, the head that breaks ground is made up of magnetic block.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention's improvement main relative to the fertilizer machinery mentioned in background is mechanism of breaking ground to be combined together with fertilizer mechanism, and just can realize breaking ground and the interlock effect of fertilizer by a transmission mechanism, mechanism's such as the sliding plough that breaks ground in the prior art lasting is breaking soil, fertilizer mechanism is equally also lasting fertilizer, and the present invention is provided with independently actuating unit, the punching that actuating unit drives mechanism of breaking ground vertically reciprocal by vertical reciprocating transmission mechanism, when mechanism of breaking ground relatively move downward break ground punching time, break ground the band magnetic part of head away from fixed axis lower end, magnetic block lacks the power be combined with each other, because the head that breaks ground is taper, while punching, the earth of surrounding can extrude magnetic block in case, the head that enables to break ground combines all the time in the process of punching, and mechanism of breaking ground is when upwards promoting, due to the fertilizer that the fertilizer mechanism in main body tube is sent here, the deadweight of fertilizer can make it push magnetic block open and fall into hole, and when the head that breaks ground rises to certain height, more and more when the band magnetic part of fixed axis lower end, magnetic block can close in the effect of band magnetic part, stop discharging fertilizer.To sum up, the advantage of this programme is that operator can restart actuating unit by actuating unit to crops side, can't to waste energy punching in remaining time, also fertilizer can not be wasted, the action of fertilizer of simultaneously punching material can have mechanism of breaking ground to coordinate the band magnetic part on fixed axis to link, without the need to many sets of transmission mechanism.
Scheme two: based on scheme preferred, band magnetic part is electromagnet.Need enough large magnetic force to adsorb magnetic block with magnetic part to close.
Scheme three: preferred for scheme two, the head that breaks ground is made up of the magnetic block of at least two pieces of tapers.If only have one piece of block that breaks ground to form the head that breaks ground, the block that breaks ground needs the relatively large angle of rotation one just can make to open a larger mouth, chemical fertilizer in main body tube is discharged, and the block that breaks ground forming the head that breaks ground in theory is more, when the block that breaks ground rotates identical angle, the angle of opening will be larger.The efficiency of discharging fertilizer will be higher.
Scheme four, based on scheme preferred, frame aft also has covering blade.Earth can be scraped and enter in the hole of chemical fertilizer by covering blade, is covered by chemical fertilizer.Chemical fertilizer is stoped to be exposed to the sun or rain drop erosion and losing because of the sun.
Scheme five, based on scheme preferred, also comprise and control actuating unit and start and the control circuit of closing, and induction break ground mechanism side whether there are crops and signal is sent to control circuit inductor.Infrared inductor of the prior art is relatively universal, one piece of simple control panel coordinates infrared inductor just by controlling actuating unit thus realizing following functions, when induction installation senses that being interrupted fertilizer distributor side has crops, send signal to control control circuit, the then startup of control circuit controlling motive mechanism, then just can complete the work of punching and fertilizer.Replace manpower with automation to control to raise the efficiency.
Scheme six, based on scheme preferred, actuating unit is cylinder, and the piston rod of cylinder is fixedly connected with main body tube.Cylinder is comparatively common, easily controls and the high actuating unit repeatedly moved of control accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of structure quantificationally fertilizing machine embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of mechanism of breaking ground in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of mechanism of breaking ground in Fig. 1;
Reference numeral: frame 1, running gear 2, fertilizer holding mechanism 3, discharge flexible pipe 31, mechanism 4 of breaking ground, actuating unit 5, inductor 6, control circuit 7, covering blade 8, main body tube 41, break ground 42, fixed axis 43, electromagnet 431.
Embodiment
Quantificationally fertilizing machine by reference to the accompanying drawings shown in 1, comprise the frame 1 be connected with cultivator, be arranged on the running gear 2 in frame 1, be arranged on the fertilizer holding mechanism 3 in frame 1, be arranged on break ground mechanism 4 and the fertilizer mechanism of frame 1 bottom, and actuating unit 5, also comprise control actuating unit 5 start with close control circuit 7, and induction break ground mechanism 4 side whether there are crops and signal is sent to control circuit 7 inductor 6.As shown in FIG. 2 and 3, wherein, vertical reciprocating transmission mechanism, mechanism 4 of breaking ground comprises main body tube 41, break ground 42 and a fixed axis 43, and main body tube 41 is communicated with fertilizer mechanism by discharge flexible pipe 31, main body tube 41 and frame 1 are slidably connected, main body tube 41 one end is fixedly connected with reciprocating transmission mechanism one end and connects and break ground 42, and fixed axis 43 upper end is fixed in frame 1, and lower end is fixed with electromagnet 431, break ground and 42 to be made up of magnetic block, breaking ground 42 is taper.Break ground and 42 to be made up of the magnetic block of four pieces of tapers.Frame 1 afterbody also has covering blade 8.Actuating unit 5 is cylinder, and the piston rod of cylinder is fixedly connected with main body tube 41.
Result of use and each several part characteristic effect: the present invention's improvement main relative to the fertilizer machinery mentioned in background is mechanism 4 of breaking ground to be combined together with fertilizer mechanism, and just can realize breaking ground and the interlock effect of fertilizer by a transmission mechanism, mechanism 4 such as the sliding plough that breaks ground in the prior art lasting is breaking soil, fertilizer mechanism is equally also lasting fertilizer, and the present invention is provided with independently actuating unit 5, the punching that actuating unit 5 drives mechanism 4 of breaking ground vertically reciprocal by vertical reciprocating transmission mechanism, as shown in Figure 2, when mechanism 4 of breaking ground relatively move downward break ground punching time, break ground 42 away from the electromagnet 431 of fixed axis 43 lower end, magnetic block lacks the power be combined with each other, owing to breaking ground 42 for taper, while punching, the earth of surrounding can extrude magnetic block in case, make to break ground and 42 can to combine all the time in the process of punching, as shown in Figure 3, and mechanism 4 of breaking ground is when upwards promoting, due to the fertilizer that the fertilizer mechanism in main body tube 41 is sent here, the deadweight of fertilizer can make it push magnetic block open and fall into hole, and 42 rise to certain height when break ground, more and more when the electromagnet 431 of fixed axis 43 lower end, magnetic block can close in the effect of electromagnet 431, stop discharging fertilizer.In sum, the advantage of this programme is after inductor 6 senses crops, transfer signals to control circuit 7, control circuit 7 controls actuating unit 5 and starts, such equipment is actually crops side and restarts actuating unit 5, can't to waste energy punching, also can not waste fertilizer in remaining time, the action of fertilizer of simultaneously punching material can have mechanism 4 of breaking ground to coordinate the electromagnet 431 on fixed axis 43 to link, without the need to many sets of transmission mechanism.
Electromagnet 431 is selected to be because band magnetic part needs enough large magnetic force to close to adsorb magnetic block with magnetic part.And the magnet of routine possibly cannot provide enough large magnetic force.
Break ground and 42 to be made up of four magnetic blocks.If only have one piece of block composition that breaks ground to break ground 42, the block that breaks ground needs the relatively large angle of rotation one just can make to open a larger mouth, chemical fertilizer in main body tube 41 is discharged, and form in theory break ground 42 the block that breaks ground more, when the block that breaks ground rotates identical angle, the angle of opening will be larger.The efficiency of discharging fertilizer will be higher.
Frame 1 afterbody also has covering blade 8.Earth can be scraped and enter in the hole of chemical fertilizer by covering blade 8, is covered by chemical fertilizer.Chemical fertilizer is stoped to be exposed to the sun or rain drop erosion and losing because of the sun.
Above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for a person skilled in the art; under the prerequisite not departing from structure of the present invention; some distortion and improvement can also be made; these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these all can not affect effect of the invention process and practical applicability.
Claims (6)
1. quantificationally fertilizing machine, comprise the frame be connected with cultivator, rack-mounted running gear, rack-mounted fertilizer holding mechanism, be arranged on break ground mechanism and the fertilizer mechanism of frame lower, and actuating unit, it is characterized in that, vertical reciprocating transmission mechanism, described mechanism of breaking ground comprises main body tube, break ground head, and fixed axis, described main body tube is by pipeline communication fertilizer mechanism, described main body tube is connected with housing slide, described main body tube one end is fixedly connected with reciprocating transmission mechanism one end and connects the head that breaks ground, described fixed axis upper end is fixed in frame, lower end is fixed with band magnetic part, the described head that breaks ground is made up of magnetic block, the described head that breaks ground is taper.
2. quantificationally fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described band magnetic part is electromagnet.
3. quantificationally fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described in the head that breaks ground be made up of the magnetic block of at least two pieces of tapers.
4. quantificationally fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described frame aft also has covering blade.
5. quantificationally fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises controlling actuating unit and starting and the control circuit of closing, and induction break ground mechanism side whether there are crops and signal is sent to control circuit inductor.
6. quantificationally fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described actuating unit is cylinder, and the piston rod of described cylinder is fixedly connected with main body tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510430988.XA CN105009760A (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Quantitative fertilization machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510430988.XA CN105009760A (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Quantitative fertilization machine |
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| CN105009760A true CN105009760A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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| CN201510430988.XA Pending CN105009760A (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-07-22 | Quantitative fertilization machine |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107018719A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-08 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Method for walnut seeding and fertilizing |
| CN107347309A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆市永川区天堂化工厂 | A kind of quantitative planting unit of cotton |
| CN107852931A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-30 | 台州学院 | A kind of fertilizer apparatus suitable for flower cultivation |
| CN108521909A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 杭州师范大学钱江学院 | Greenhouse nonirrigated farmland loosenning tiller and its scarifying method |
| CN109005813A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 绩溪袁稻农业产业科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural machinery seedlings of cereal crops quickly transplant planting unit |
| CN111919568A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 张梓垚 | Nursery stock is planted and is used soil fertilizer injection unit |
| CN117178711A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-12-08 | 枣庄登海德泰种业有限公司 | Quantitative fertilization device and method for corn planting |
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2015
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107018719A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-08 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Method for walnut seeding and fertilizing |
| CN107347309A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆市永川区天堂化工厂 | A kind of quantitative planting unit of cotton |
| CN107852931A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-03-30 | 台州学院 | A kind of fertilizer apparatus suitable for flower cultivation |
| CN108521909A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-09-14 | 杭州师范大学钱江学院 | Greenhouse nonirrigated farmland loosenning tiller and its scarifying method |
| CN108521909B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2023-06-13 | 杭州师范大学钱江学院 | Dry land scarifier for greenhouse and scarifying method thereof |
| CN109005813A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-18 | 绩溪袁稻农业产业科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural machinery seedlings of cereal crops quickly transplant planting unit |
| CN109005813B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2021-02-19 | 绩溪袁稻农业产业科技有限公司 | Agricultural machine seedling transplants planting device fast |
| CN111919568A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-13 | 张梓垚 | Nursery stock is planted and is used soil fertilizer injection unit |
| CN117178711A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-12-08 | 枣庄登海德泰种业有限公司 | Quantitative fertilization device and method for corn planting |
| CN117178711B (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2024-02-13 | 枣庄登海德泰种业有限公司 | Quantitative fertilization device and method for corn planting |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |