CN104974931A - Testing apparatus for CO2 in microalgae organism immobilization combustion flue gas - Google Patents

Testing apparatus for CO2 in microalgae organism immobilization combustion flue gas Download PDF

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CN104974931A
CN104974931A CN201510278341.XA CN201510278341A CN104974931A CN 104974931 A CN104974931 A CN 104974931A CN 201510278341 A CN201510278341 A CN 201510278341A CN 104974931 A CN104974931 A CN 104974931A
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under meter
steel cylinder
microalgae
algae
sampling head
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赵兵涛
张一昕
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/02Photobioreactors
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/26Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pH
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/30Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
    • C12M41/32Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of substances in solution
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/30Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration
    • C12M41/34Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of concentration of gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to testing apparatus for CO2 in microalgae organism immobilization combustion flue gas. According to the apparatus, a N2 cylinder and flow meter, a CO2 cylinder and flow meter, a O2 cylinder and flow meter, a SO2 and N2 balancing cylinder and flow meter, a NO and N2 balancing cylinder and flow meter, and a flue gas mercury generating device and flow meter in a simulation combustion flue gas flow rate regulating and preparing system are respectively connected with a mixer to carry out a uniformization treatment, and then are connected with a microalgae photobiological reaction system, the gas inlet end of the biological reactor in the microalgae photobiological reaction system is connected with the mixer, the gas outlet is connected with a carbon fixation performance analysis system, and the algae liquid physicochemical property testing device in the physicochemical and carbon fixation performance analysis system is respectively provided with a pH value sampling head, a DO sampling head, a cell density sampling head and a cell morphology sampling head. According to the present system, the system is simple, the microalgae culture parameters can be regulated, the physicochemical analysis process is simple, the carbon fixation performance can be real-timely monitored, and the apparatus can be widely used in fields of energy sources, environments, biology science and engineering, and the like.

Description

CO in micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases 2test set
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of combustion product gases carbon emission reduction test set, especially a kind of combustion product gases CO based on micro-algae biological fixation 2to realize the system and device of its method reduced discharging and controllable and monitoring.
Background technology
CO 2the major incentive of Global warming and Greenhouse effect has been known as by mainstream science man.The fuel people that particularly combustion of fossil fuel produces is CO 2discharge has become environment, science or even the political economy problem that our times scope inner height is paid close attention to.Except using new forms of energy and renewable energy source and improve except fossil energy utilising efficiency, the CO how in fixed combustion flue gas 2, make CO wherein 2be converted into other material to reduce CO 2discharge is the scientific and technical research field of current emphasis, particularly utilizes environmentally friendly technology to realize CO 2transform and reduce discharging one of target having become the pursuit of contemporary energy industry.
The tagsort of foundation prior art and method, technology that carbon dioxide capture is sealed up for safekeeping (CCS) can be divided into physics admittedly to deposit, chemistry is fixing and three major types is fixed in bio-transformation, comprises chemical absorption method, physical and chemical adsorption method, membrane separation process, low temperature processing, burning chemistry chains and geographical Plugging Technology Applied etc.Physics is admittedly deposited and fixingly with chemistry is all needed to catch purification CO 2, there is the drawbacks such as processing cost is high, power consumption is large, environment friendly is poor, and bio-transformation fixing means meets nature carbon cycle rule the most, is Sustainable development method that is environmentally friendly and resource-conserving.Bio-transformation is fixing refers to that organism is if Lu Sheng vegetation, waterplant etc. are with CO 2for carbon source, by photosynthetic mode, it is converted into organic-biological matter.Compared with Lu Sheng vegetation, as the important representative of a class of waterplant, micro-algae is considered to one of important energy source of future generation, and has important CO 2biological fixation potentiality.
As feasible, the eco-friendly technology of a kind of economic technology, micro-algae fixation of C O 2and resource/recovery energy technology obtains significant progress in recent years, there is huge potentiality and wide application prospect.Common microdisk electrode fixation of C O 2mode be divided into open and closed to cultivate two classes.The solid carbon of the open micro-cultivation of algae that declines needs big area to cultivate and restricted strong and weather effect is large by region, and the micro-solid carbon of the airtight algae that declines has that photosynthetic efficiency is high, applied widely, adaptive capacity to environment by force, the advantage such as easy handling and integrability.And with other CO 2catch compared with Plugging Technology Applied, algae biological sequestration process can not cause secondary pollution and produce a large amount of algae bio matter after solid carbon and can be used for producing biomass fuel, there is good energy resource utility value, realize the potentiality of energy regeneration and sustainable use and height large-scale application.
But, utilize CO in the efficient fixed combustion flue gas of micro-algae 2and biomass output technology still faces a lot of challenge.First, micro-algae algae kind will have higher lipid material content, and it is secondary can adapt to complicated flue gas environment, more secondary can being easy to is amplified to industrial application.Some energy microalgae show good potentiality in first aspect, but for fixation of C O under complicated flue gas condition 2the efficient method and system of performance and biomass yield still needs further exploratory development.In addition, existing research focuses mostly on lower concentration CO in based on air 2the solid carbon of micro-algae of (0.038%, v/v) is cultivated with biomass output and gathers in the crops on the micro-algae product of high added value, and some micro-algaes through genetic modification can the CO of enduring high-concentration 2but, complicated combustion product gases condition is comprised to flow, the CO of change 2the research of the comprehensive response characteristic of concentration (10-15%, v/v) and flue gas pollutant is still very rare comprehensive comparatively strong and method and system that level of automation is higher at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: a kind of micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases CO is provided 2test set, to realize high-efficient culture to micro-algae, culture parameters sets and combustion product gases CO automatically 2fixing, real-time testing is carried out to its performance simultaneously, there is the advantages such as cost is lower, structure is simple, easy to operate.Thus solve centralization and the integrated testing problem of combustion product gases CO2 fixed system.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
CO in a kind of micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases 2test set, be made up of Simulated Combustion Flue Gases flow control and compounding system, microalgae photobiological reactive system and physicochemical property and solid carbon performance analysis system, it is characterized in that: described Simulated Combustion Flue Gases flow control and compounding system comprise N 2steel cylinder and under meter, CO 2steel cylinder and under meter, O 2steel cylinder and under meter, SO 2and N 2trim steel cylinder and flow, NO and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter, gas mercury generating unit and under meter thereof, and mixing tank, described N 2steel cylinder and under meter, CO 2steel cylinder and under meter, O 2steel cylinder and under meter, SO 2and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter, NO and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter thereof and gas mercury generating unit and under meter thereof are mixed with required flow, component and concentration respectively by the method for its Flow-rate adjustment and after pipeline merges, are connected mixing tank carry out Homogenization Treatments, then are connected with microalgae photobiological reactive system; Described microalgae photobiological reactive system comprises microalgae photobiological reactor and illumination box, and the gas inlet end of described bio-reactor is connected with mixing tank, is positioned at reactor top pneumatic outlet and is connected with solid carbon performance analysis system; Described physics and chemistry comprises algae liquid physicochemical property test set and CO with solid carbon performance analysis system (3) 2monitoring equipment, described algae liquid physicochemical property test set is respectively equipped with pH, DO sampling head and cell density and morphological sampling head, for the monitoring of pH, DO and microalgae cell density and form, described pH, DO sampling head is connected with pH determinator, dissolved oxygen meter respectively, described CO 2the import of Monitoring equipment is connected with the outlet of microalgae photobiological reactor, for CO 2concentration real time on-line monitoring.
The thief hole of described algae liquid physicochemical property test set is arranged at 3-5cm place under the liquid level of described microalgae photobiological reactor.The enabling of passing through described illumination box that the gas of described microalgae photobiological reactor and the import of algae liquid, outlet line seal is incubated buffer layer.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) under meter is utilized to regulate N 2, O 2, O 2and SO 2, the flow of the gas such as NO and Hg, component and concentration fully mix, the simulation of real industrial combustion product gases can be realized and can realize regulating the operating mode of variable-flow, Variable Composition.
(2) microalgae photobiological reactor is placed in illumination box inside, and realize gas, algae liquid import and export penetration be tightly connected.So both can realize the automated setting of bioprocesses parameter as temperature of reaction, intensity of illumination and periodicity of illumination, also can realize the training method of the batch-type of algae liquid input and output, semi continuous and continous way.In addition, bubbling style bioreactor uses the method for ventilation body to realize gas (CO 2) liquid (nutrient solution) solid (micro-algae) mixing and mass transfer, have contact area large, mix, cell shearing damages little advantage, is conducive to the carrying out of the solid carbon reaction of micro-algae.
(3) whole reactive system makes simple, cheap, easy to operate, and can realize whole process flue gas operating mode automatically or semiautomatic controls, the automated setting of culture parameters and the abbreviated analysis of solid carbon performance or Real-Time Monitoring.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for fixing different concns flue gas CO when using the present invention to carry out chlorella batch culture 2the cell density of (10%-20%, v/v) and physical and chemical parameter;
Wherein: (a) cell density, (b) pH value, (c) DO value
Fig. 3 is for fixing flue gas CO when using the present invention to carry out chlorella batch culture 2(15%, v/v) and containing SO 2time cell density and physical and chemical parameter.
Wherein: (a) cell density, (b) pH value, (c) DO value
Fig. 4 is the microscopic morphology of the three kinds of microalgae cells using the present invention to obtain.
Wherein: (a) chlorella, (b) Isochrysis galbana, (c) four whip anterior canal algae
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete case study on implementation, set forth the present invention further.
As shown in Figure 1, CO in a kind of micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases 2test set, comprises Simulated Combustion Flue Gases flow control and compounding system 1, microalgae photobiological reactive system 2 and physicochemical property and consolidates carbon performance analysis system 3.
According to design parameter and the requirement of actual flue gas characteristic, Simulated Combustion Flue Gases flow control and compounding system 1 is used to comprise N 2steel cylinder and flow 11, CO thereof 2steel cylinder and under meter 12, O thereof 2steel cylinder and under meter 13, SO thereof 2(N 2trim) steel cylinder and under meter 14, NO(N thereof 2trim) steel cylinder and under meter 15 thereof, gas mercury generating unit (N 2trim) and under meter 16 carry out Flow-rate adjustment coupling, thus be mixed with the simulated flue gas of required flow, component and concentration.Simulated flue gas enters mixing tank 17 and carries out Homogenization Treatments after pipeline merges, and passes into microalgae photobiological reactive system 2 afterwards.
The centre of illumination box 22 will be vertically placed in one or more (for parallel check experiment) microalgae photobiological reactor 21.The gas inlet end of microalgae photobiological reactor 21 be connected with mixing tank 17 and be passed into the bubbling device of reactor bottom through tracheae from inside reactor or outside, pneumatic outlet is positioned at reactor top and is connected with solid carbon performance analysis system 3.The import of algae liquid and the outlet of microalgae photobiological reactor 21 lay respectively at reactor upper and lower and to be connected with outside incubator 211 and concentrating unit 212 respectively and by Valve controlling, stop when opening import and reaching required algae liquid working volume and concentration, the open cycle controlling terminal valve can realize batch-type, semi continuous and continous way training mode.Reactor is provided with sampling or monitoring mouth carries out the test of algae liquid physicochemical property, can realize the real-time monitoring of each parameter in culturing process.
Illumination box 22 can regulate the culture parameters such as temperature of reaction, intensity of illumination and light dark period as required automatically.
The enabling of passing through illumination box 22 that the gas of microalgae photobiological reactor 21 and the import of algae liquid, outlet line seal is incubated buffer layer.
Algae liquid physicochemical property test set 31 is respectively equipped with pH, DO and cell density and morphological sampling head, 3-5cm place regularly (as 6 hours, 1 day etc.) sampling under the liquid level being positioned at microalgae photobiological reactor 21.
PH, DO sampling head is sensor probe, is connected respectively with pH determinator 311, dissolved oxygen meter 312.PH determinator 311 carries out demarcating to obtain accurate measuring result with the standard buffer solution that pH value is 4.01 and 9.18 before measuring; Probe before carrying out the measurements, need be placed in air and calibrate instrument by dissolved oxygen meter 312.
Cell density sampling head is glue head dropper, adopts spectrophotometric analysis 313 to carry out density analysis after sampling.State spectrophotometer 313 for the micro-algae absorbancy of Fast Measurement, then be converted into mass density according to the standards calibration curve between absorbancy and mass density.
Cellular form sampling head is glue head dropper, and adopt electron microscope 314 to carry out morphological analysis after sampling, electron microscope 314 is connected with computer 315 can automatic data collection.Sample drop is added on slide glass and is placed in microscope stage, gather image with the electronic eyepiece connecting computer, observation and morphological data collection can be carried out under different amplification.
CO 2monitoring equipment 32 has CO 2concentration real time on-line monitoring analytic function, and import is connected with the outlet of microalgae photobiological reactor 21, exports as exterior tubing connects emptying, can Real-time Obtaining CO 2concentration.
CO in micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases 2characterization parameter (table 1) calculate according to following methods:
Micro-algae is than rate of increase:
Micro-algae linear growth rate:
Gu carbon rate:
Gu carbon efficiencies:
In formula, kfor than rate of increase, d -1; pfor linear growth rate, gL -1d -1; ffor CO 2fixed rate, gL -1d -1; x t with x 0 be respectively tmoment micro-algae density and t 0 moment micro-algae density, gL -1. efor solid carbon efficiencies; c- i with c- o be respectively the CO of bioreactor inlet and outlet 2concentration, %, v/v. c c for micro-algae carbon content, %, m cO2 with m c be respectively the molar mass of CO2 and C, gmol -1.
As shown in Figure 2, different concns flue gas CO is fixed when the present invention carries out chlorella batch culture 2the cell density of (10%-20%, v/v) and physical and chemical parameter;
As shown in Figure 3, flue gas CO is fixed when using the present invention to carry out chlorella batch culture 2(15%, v/v) and containing SO 2time cell density and physical and chemical parameter.
Table 1 is the characterization parameter of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
Table 2 is for using the cellular form of three kinds of micro-algaes of the present invention's acquisition.
Table 1
Table 2

Claims (3)

1. CO in a micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases 2test set, be made up of with solid carbon performance analysis system (3) Simulated Combustion Flue Gases flow control and compounding system (1), microalgae photobiological reactive system (2) and physicochemical property, it is characterized in that: described Simulated Combustion Flue Gases flow control and compounding system (1) comprise N 2steel cylinder and under meter (11), CO 2steel cylinder and under meter (12), O 2steel cylinder and under meter (13), SO 2and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter (14), NO and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter (15), gas mercury generating unit and under meter (16) thereof, and mixing tank (17), described N 2steel cylinder and under meter (11), CO 2steel cylinder and under meter (12), O 2steel cylinder and under meter (13), SO 2and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter (14), NO and N 2trim steel cylinder and under meter (15) thereof and gas mercury generating unit and under meter (16) thereof are mixed with required flow, component and concentration respectively by the method for its Flow-rate adjustment and after pipeline merges, are connected mixing tank (17) carry out Homogenization Treatments, then are connected with microalgae photobiological reactive system (2); Described microalgae photobiological reactive system (2) comprises microalgae photobiological reactor (21) and illumination box (22), the gas inlet end of described bio-reactor (21) is connected with mixing tank (17), is positioned at the outlet of reactor (21) head gas and is connected with solid carbon performance analysis system (3); Described physics and chemistry comprises algae liquid physicochemical property test set (31) and CO with solid carbon performance analysis system (3) 2monitoring equipment (32), described algae liquid physicochemical property test set (31) is respectively equipped with pH, DO sampling head and cell density and morphological sampling head, for the monitoring of pH, DO and microalgae cell density and form, described pH, DO sampling head is connected with pH determinator (311), dissolved oxygen meter (312) respectively, described CO 2(import of 320 is connected, for CO with the outlet of microalgae photobiological reactor (21) Monitoring equipment 2concentration real time on-line monitoring.
2. CO in micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases according to claim 1 2test set, it is characterized in that: the thief hole of described algae liquid physicochemical property test set (31) is arranged at 3-5cm place under the liquid level of described microalgae photobiological reactor (21).
3. CO in micro-algae biological fixation combustion product gases according to claim 1 2test set, it is characterized in that: the enabling insulation buffer layer passing through described illumination box (22) of the gas of described microalgae photobiological reactor (21) and the import of algae liquid, outlet line sealing.
CN201510278341.XA 2015-05-27 2015-05-27 Testing apparatus for CO2 in microalgae organism immobilization combustion flue gas Pending CN104974931A (en)

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Application publication date: 20151014