CN104956174A - Shell and tube heat exchanger - Google Patents

Shell and tube heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104956174A
CN104956174A CN201280078117.0A CN201280078117A CN104956174A CN 104956174 A CN104956174 A CN 104956174A CN 201280078117 A CN201280078117 A CN 201280078117A CN 104956174 A CN104956174 A CN 104956174A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exchanger tube
stabilizing means
tube
shell
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201280078117.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
潘刚
周立华
赵志军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trane International Inc
Original Assignee
Trane International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trane International Inc filed Critical Trane International Inc
Publication of CN104956174A publication Critical patent/CN104956174A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1607Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/04Reinforcing means for conduits

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a shell and tube heat exchanger (100) in which heat-exchanging tubes (120) have "U" bend sections (121). The "U" bend sections (121) of the heat-exchanging tubes (120) may have stabilizing members (150) which are configured to stabilize the "U" bend sections (121) of the heat-exchanging tubes (120). The stabilizing members (150) may be configured to be made of an elastic material, such as rubber. The stabilizing members (150) may have a circular cross-section so that the stabilizing members (150) can be slid onto the heat-exchanging tubes (120) easily. The cross-section of the stabilizing members (150) may be larger than a gap (G4) between neighboring heat-exchanging tubes (150) so that the stabilizing members (150) can form an interference fit with an outer surface (160) of the heat-exchanging tubs (120). The stabilizing members (150) can help to prevent the neighboring heat-exchanging tubes (120) from colliding with each other.

Description

Shell-and-tube heat exchanger
Technical field
The present invention relates to heating, heating ventilation and air-conditioning (" HVAC ") system, and particularly relate to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for HVAC refrigeration system.In general, described system and method contributes to " U " shape sweep of heat exchanger tube in stable shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Background technology
Refrigeration machine (such as HVAC system) generally can comprise compressor and heat exchanger (such as, condenser and evaporimeter), to form refrigerant circuit.Heat exchanger can be used as condenser and/or evaporimeter.In shell-and-tube heat exchanger, heat exchanger generally comprises the heat exchanger tube in shell.Heat exchanger tube is configured to transport first fluid (such as cold-producing medium or water) usually, forms tube side; And shell is configured to transport second fluid (such as cold-producing medium or water), form shell side.Tube side and shell side can form heat exchange relationship in heat exchanger.Heat exchanger can help the heat exchange between the first fluid in tube side and the second fluid in shell side.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment disclosed by the present invention can contribute to " U " shape sweep of heat exchanger tube in stable shell-and-tube heat exchanger.Embodiment disclosed by the present invention can contribute to preventing " U " shape sweep impinging one another, to contribute to reducing the damage causing exchanging heat pipe due to heat exchanger tube collision.Embodiment disclosed by the present invention also can be applicable to other of heat exchanger tube longer without support section.
In some embodiments, in the heat exchanger of shell-and-tube, each of multiple heat exchanger tube can have " U " shape sweep.The peak portion of each " U " shape sweep of described multiple heat exchanger tube can be provided with stabilizing means.Described stabilizing means can be configured to the outer surface contacting an adjacent heat exchanger tube.
In certain embodiments, described stabilizing means can be configured to have "O" ring shape, comprises opening, the stabilizing means of described "O" ring shape one of having an opening can hold in heat exchanger tube.In certain embodiments, the cross section of stabilizing means has circular contour, so that stabilizing means is easy to slide on heat exchanger tube.
In certain embodiments, the cross section of described stabilizing means has footpath always.Described diameter can be configured to larger than the difference between the tube pitch of adjacent heat exchange tubes and the twice radius of the outer surface of heat exchanger tube, such as large 3%-100%.
In certain embodiments, described stabilizing means can be configured to form interference engagement (interference fit) with the outer surface of adjacent of multiple heat exchanger tube.In certain embodiments, the stabilizing means of in heat exchanger tube is configured to the stabilizing means being offset to adjacent heat exchange tubes.
In certain embodiments, a kind of " U " shape sweep preventing " U " shape sweep of multiple heat exchanger tube in shell-and-tube heat exchanger method impinging one another can be included at least some heat exchanger tube provides stabilizing means; With, stabilizing means is arranged at least some " U " shape sweep, the stabilizing means be positioned on adjacent ' U ' shape sweep is offset with respect to each.In certain embodiments, each be provided with stabilizing means of multiple " U " shape sweep.In certain embodiments, described stabilizing means can be configured to form interference engagement with adjacent heat exchanger tube.Described stabilizing means can hold restrains and stablizes " U " shape sweep of heat exchanger tube.
The further feature of embodiment and aspect become apparent by detailed description hereafter and accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
The heat exchanger of multiple shell-and-tube is developed.Usually, the heat exchanger of shell-and-tube has the structure that heat exchanger tube extends in shell.Heat exchanger tube forms tube side, and described tube side is configured to transport first fluid, and hull shape becomes shell side, and described shell side is configured to transport second fluid.Tube side and shell side form heat exchange relationship in heat exchanger.
Usually, heat exchanger tube has isodiametric pipe, has the first openend and the second openend.First openend is configured to admitting fluid, and the second openend is configured to allow fluid to flow out heat exchanger tube.In certain embodiments, the first openend of heat exchanger tube and the second openend are positioned at the first end of shell side.In these embodiments, heat exchanger tube can have " U " shape sweep around the second end of the inner shell side of shell." U " shape sweep can be divide without any the comparatively long portion supported.During operation, the fluid flowing into shell side may make " U " shape sweep rock or vibrate, and adjacent " U " shape sweep may be impinging one another, and " U " shape sweep of exchange heat pipe causes damage.Through long period of time, the collision of adjacent " U " shape sweep may cause the leakage of heat exchanger tube.The longer unsupported straight part of heat exchanger tube also may be impinging one another, causes damage.
Embodiment herein includes the method and apparatus of " U " shape sweep of heat exchanger tube in the heat exchanger helping stable shell-and-tube.In certain embodiments, stabilizing means can be arranged on " U " shape bend office of heat exchanger tube.Stabilizing means can be configured to form interference engagement with the outer surface of adjacent heat exchanger tube, to contribute to preventing " U " shape sweep impinging one another.In certain embodiments, stabilizing means can be made up of elastomeric material such as rubber.In certain embodiments, stabilizing means can have ring section, so that stabilizing means can be easy to slide on heat exchanger tube.In certain embodiments, stabilizing means can be arranged on the peak portion close to " U " shape sweep, and the setting and adjacent " U " shape sweep can offset with respect to each, makes the outer surface of each stabilizing means and adjacent heat exchanger tube form interference engagement.
See the accompanying drawing forming a part of the present invention, wherein show enforceable embodiment by the diagram of embodiment.Term " interference engagement " generally represents " frictional fit ", generally refers to that two parts forming interference engagement compress each other and have the situation of friction between two parts.Should be appreciated that term used herein is intended to describe drawings and Examples, and should not be regarded as the protection domain limiting the application.
Fig. 1 shows the partial cross sectional views Sum decomposition figure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 100 according to an embodiment, and described heat exchanger 100 can be configured to the evaporimeter being used as refrigeration machine.Heat exchanger 100 comprises shell 110, and described shell comprises first end 112 and the second end 114.Shell 110 comprises process liquid inlets 116 and Process fluid outlet 118.Process liquid inlets 116 is configured to receive process fluid, such as water; And Process fluid outlet 118 be configured to guide adjustment after process fluid leave shell 110.Usually, the position of process liquid inlets 116 is closer to first end 112, and the position of Process fluid outlet 118 is closer to the second end 114; Should be appreciated that process liquid inlets can closer to the second end 114, and Process fluid outlet can closer to first end 112.
It should be pointed out that the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is exemplary.At some in other embodiment, shell can be configured to transport cold-producing medium, and heat exchanger tube can be configured to transport process fluid.In certain embodiments, process liquid inlets can be configured to close to first end 112, and Process fluid outlet can be configured to close to the second end 114.
Heat exchanger tube 120 extends between first end 112 and the second end 114 along the longitudinal direction limited by the length L of shell 110 in shell 110.The openend 122 of heat exchanger tube 120 is connected to the tube sheet 140 of the first end 112 near shell 110.Openend 122 forms entrance area 122a and exit region 122b on tube sheet 140.Entrance area 122a is configured to receive cold-producing medium and cold-producing medium is dispensed to heat exchanger tube 120 usually.Exit region 122b is configured to guide cold-producing medium to leave heat exchanger tube 120 usually.Heat exchanger 100 also comprises head 130, and described head 130 is configured to be connected to tube sheet 140.Each heat exchanger tube has " U " shape sweep 121 at the second end 114 place near shell 110.
See Fig. 2, show the perspective view removing heat exchanger 100 shown in the rear Fig. 1 of shell 110.In general, each heat exchanger tube 120 starts from the entrance area 122a (as shown in Figure 1) of tube sheet 140, along the longitudinal direction that limited by length L through shell 110, and do " U " shape at " U " shape sweep 121 place of the second end 114 near shell 110 subsequently and turn to.Heat exchanger tube 120 passes shell 110 along the longitudinal direction limited by length L subsequently again, then terminates in the exit region 122b (as shown in Figure 2) of tube sheet 140.Stabilizing means 150 is installed on " U " shape sweep 121 of heat exchanger tube 120.
See Fig. 1 and 2, at work, process fluid can be introduced into shell 110 by process liquid inlets 116, subsequently along the longitudinal direction flowing limited by length L, and from Process fluid outlet 118 by extraction shell.Flow of process fluid in shell 110 may make " U " shape sweep 121 of heat exchanger tube 120 rock or vibrate, and this may cause " U " shape sweep 121 of adjacent heat exchanger tube 120 impinging one another.Stabilizing means 150 can contribute to preventing " U " shape sweep 121 of heat exchanger tube 120 impinging one another.
The zoomed-in view of Fig. 3 shows " U " shape sweep 121.Heat exchanger tube 120 to be supported by multiple deflection plate 152 by multiple deflection plate 152 from first end 112 to the second end 114.After the end deflection plate 152a of multiple deflection plate 152, heat exchanger tube 120 is configured to have " U " shape sweep 121.End deflection plate 152a normally on the longitudinal direction limited by length L compared with other deflection plate 152 closest to the deflection plate 152 of the second end 114.
As shown in the figure, " U " shape sweep 121 of at least some heat exchanger tube 120 has stabilizing means 150.In certain embodiments, " U " shape sweep 121 of each heat exchanger tube 120 can be configured to have stabilizing means 150.Stabilizing means 150 is generally arranged on the peak portion 121a of " U " shape sweep 121.Peak portion 121a is generally that heat exchanger tube 120 turns to the place getting back to first end 112 (as shown in Figure 1).
" U " shape sweep 121 of heat exchanger tube 120 can have different arc length.As shown in Figure 2, relative to end deflection plate 152a, the arc portion of some " U " shape sweeps 121 more deviates from end deflection plate 152a than other " U " shape sweeps 121 and advances.In general, there is " U " shape sweep 121 that more long arc is long be easier to rock and/or vibrate.
Should be appreciated that in certain embodiments, may can be provided with stabilizing means 150 by not each " U " shape sweep 121.Preferably, there is " U " shape sweep 121 long compared with long arc and be provided with stabilizing means 150.
As shown in the figure, adjacent stabilizing means 150 offsets with respect to each setting, so that each stabilizing means 150 directly can contact adjacent heat exchanger tube 120.Further, stabilizing means 150 is not interfered each other.
The more details of the structure of stabilizing means 150 and " U " shape sweep 121 are shown in Fig. 4 A-4E.
Fig. 4 A shows the side view of the heat exchanger tube 120 of heat exchanger 100 (as shown in Figure 1).Illustrate only three adjacent heat exchanger tubes 120.Each heat exchanger tube 120 comprises two straight part 120a and 120b, extends (as shown in Figure 1) at the inner longitudinal direction along being limited by length L of the shell 110 of heat exchanger 100.
Two straight part 120a and 120b are through end deflection plate 152a, and two straight part 120a are connected by " U " shape sweep 121 with 120b.
The enlarged drawing of region 4B shown in Fig. 4 A is shown in Fig. 4 B, has comprised a part of end deflection plate 152a, " U " shape sweep 121 and straight part 120a and 120b.
As shown in the figure, straight part 120a and 120b extend through end deflection plate 152a, forms straight end 123a and 123b respectively.Straight end 123a with 123b is connected by " U " shape sweep 121.Straight end 123a and 123b has length L2 from end deflection plate 152a to the initial point (and/or terminal) of " U " shape sweep 121.
May wish length L2 is minimized, to reduce rocking or vibrating of " U " shape sweep 121.In certain embodiments, length L2 is configured to 2.5 times of the radius (radius R 4 namely in Fig. 4 C) of the outer surface (outer surface 160 namely in Fig. 4 C) being not more than heat exchanger tube 120.
Compared with the other parts of heat exchanger tube 120, the heat transfer efficiency between the cold-producing medium transported in heat exchanger tube 120 in " U " shape sweep 121 and the middle process fluid transported of shell 110 (as shown in Figure 1) is lower.The length L2 shortening straight end 123a and 123b can save manufacturing cost when not sacrificing too many heat transfer efficiency.
The peak portion 121a of " U " shape sweep 121 can be provided with stabilizing means 150.Stabilizing means 150 is configured to the outer surface 160 around heat exchanger tube 120.As shown in Figure 4 B, the stabilizing means 150 be positioned in adjacent heat exchange tubes 120 offsets with respect to each setting, so that stabilizing means 150 can contact the outer surface 160 of adjacent heat exchange tubes 120, and adjacent stabilizing means 150 does not interfere with each other.
Fig. 4 C shows the cross section of 4C-4C along the line.Stabilizing means 150 is configured to the "O" ring shape with band opening 151.Opening 151 is configured to " U " shape sweep 121 can be passed through.
Stabilizing means 150 is also configured to the outer surface 160 contacting adjacent heat exchange tubes 120.Interference engagement 153 is formed between the outer surface 160 that stabilizing means 150 can be provided in stabilizing means 150 and adjacent heat exchange tubes 120.
Fig. 4 D and 4E shows an embodiment of stabilizing means 150.Stabilizing means 150 generally has the "O" ring shape of band opening 151.Fig. 4 E shows the cross section along the line 4E-4E in Fig. 4 D.
As shown in Figure 4 E, the cross section of stabilizing means 150 generally has circular contour, has diameter D4.Circular contour makes stabilizing means 150 be easy to slide on heat exchanger tube 120.Stabilizing means 150 can be made up of elastomeric material such as rubber.
See Fig. 4 C, 4D and 4E, the diameter D4 of stabilizing means 150 can be arranged according to the radius R 4 of the outer surface 160 of tube pitch P4 and/or heat exchanger tube 120.Tube pitch P4 generally represents the distance between the center line of two adjacent heat exchange tubes.Radius R 4 refers to the radius of outer surface 160 relative to the center line of heat exchanger tube 120 of heat exchanger tube 120.In certain embodiments, diameter D4 is configured to larger than the difference between tube pitch P4 and the twice of radius R 4, such as about large 3%-100% (D4=(1.03-2) * (P4-2*R4)).In other words, diameter D4 than adjacent heat exchange tubes 120 outer surface 160 between clearance G 4 larger (about large 3%-100%).In certain embodiments, when use 3/8 " heat exchanger tube and clearance G 4 are when being about 3mm, diameter D4 is such as about 3.1-3.6mm, 0.1-0.6mm about larger than clearance G 4.
Because stabilizing means 150 can be made up of elastomeric material, diameter D4 makes stabilizing means 150 can compress the outer surface 160 of adjacent heat exchange tubes 120, forms interference engagement 153.Interference engagement 153 can contribute to tube bank 119 to be fixed together and stablize " U " shape sweep 121 of heat exchanger tube 120.Interference engagement 153 also can contribute to the position keeping stabilizing means 150 relative to " U " shape sweep 121, thus contributes to preventing stabilizing means 150 from sliding along heat exchanger tube 120.
In an illustrated embodiment, each heat exchanger tube 120 is configured to have a stabilizing means 150.This is a preferred example.Should be appreciated that each heat exchanger tube 120 can be configured to have more than one stabilizing means 150.Should be appreciated that stabilizing means 150 can be placed on non-" U " shape sweep 121 peak portion 121a of " U " shape sweep 121.It is usually impinging one another normally effective for preventing " U " shape part that a stabilizing means 150 is set at the 121a place of peak portion of each " U " shape sweep 121, and applies more than one stabilizing means 150 than saving manufacturing cost and time with each " U " shape sweep 121.
Embodiment herein generally can be used for shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and described shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises the heat exchanger tube with " U " shape sweep, wherein the rocking or vibrate the collision that can cause in " U " shape sweep of " U " shape sweep.Embodiment herein also can be used for heat exchanger, and described heat exchanger comprises and has the longer heat exchanger tube without support section, wherein longlyer may exchange heat pipe without the collision between support section and causes damage.
About aforesaid explanation, should be appreciated that when not departing from protection scope of the present invention, can change in detail.Description and shown embodiment should only be considered to be exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the invention should be represented by the wide in range implication of claim.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Referring now to accompanying drawing, wherein identical Reference numeral runs through whole invention and represents corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 shows perspective view and the partial cross sectional views of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of an embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows the perspective view of shell-and-tube heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1 after the shell removing heat exchanger.
Fig. 3 shows the enlarged perspective of " U " shape sweep of heat exchanger tube shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 A-4E shows the different aspect of the heat exchanger tube of heat exchanger shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 4 A shows the adjacent heat exchanger tube of three of heat exchanger.Fig. 4 B is the enlarged drawing of the region 4B shown in Fig. 4 A.Fig. 4 C is the sectional view cut open along the line 4C-4C in Fig. 4 B.Fig. 4 D shows the top view of stabilizing means.Fig. 4 E shows the sectional view cut open along the line 4E-4E in Fig. 4 D.

Claims (10)

1. a heat exchanger, comprising:
Shell;
Multiple heat exchanger tube, described multiple heat exchanger tube extends in shell, and each of described multiple heat exchanger tube has " U " shape sweep; With
Described " U " shape sweep has peak portion, and the peak portion of " U " shape sweep of in wherein said multiple heat exchanger tube has stabilizing means, and described stabilizing means is configured to the outer surface of adjacent contacting described multiple heat exchanger tube.
2. heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: described stabilizing means has "O" ring shape, described "O" ring shape comprises opening, and described opening is configured to hold heat exchanger tube.
3. heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the cross section of described stabilizing means has circular contour.
4. heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein: the cross section of described stabilizing means has footpath always, described multiple heat exchanger tube has a tube pitch, and the outer surface of described multiple heat exchanger tube has Radius, and described diameter is greater than the difference between tube pitch and twice radius.
5. heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein: described diameter 3%-100% larger than the difference between tube pitch and twice radius.
6. heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the stabilizing means of in described multiple heat exchanger tube is configured to form interference engagement with the outer surface of adjacent in described multiple heat exchanger tube.
7. heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein: the stabilizing means of in described multiple heat exchanger tube is configured to arrange biased with the stabilizing means of adjacent in described multiple heat exchanger tube.
8. heat exchanger according to claim 1, described heat exchanger also comprises
End deflection plate, wherein said heat exchanger tube has straight part between end deflection plate and the initial point of " U " shape sweep, and the length of described straight part is not more than 2.5 times of the radius of the outer surface of heat exchanger tube.
9. prevent the method that " U " shape sweep of multiple heat exchanger tube is impinging one another in shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising:
Arrange stabilizing means to " U " shape sweep of described multiple heat exchanger tube, described stabilizing means is configured to around described heat exchanger tube;
Be arranged on by described stabilizing means on " U " shape sweep, the stabilizing means on adjacent ' U ' shape sweep is offset with respect to each along " U " shape sweep, and wherein said stabilizing means is configured to form interference engagement with adjacent heat exchange tubes.
10. method according to claim 9, also comprises:
Heat exchanger tube is mounted to multiple deflection plate; With
The straight part of heat exchanger tube between end deflection plate and " U " shape sweep is restricted to 2.5 times of the radius of the outer surface being not more than heat exchanger tube.
CN201280078117.0A 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 Shell and tube heat exchanger Pending CN104956174A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2012/087167 WO2014094301A1 (en) 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 Shell and tube heat exchanger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104956174A true CN104956174A (en) 2015-09-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201280078117.0A Pending CN104956174A (en) 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 Shell and tube heat exchanger

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CN (1) CN104956174A (en)
WO (1) WO2014094301A1 (en)

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CN101310157A (en) * 2005-10-20 2008-11-19 埃克森美孚研究工程公司 Anti-vibration tube support for tube bundles having u-shaped bends
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CN1104321A (en) * 1993-10-20 1995-06-28 法玛通公司 Device for antivibrational blocking of tubes of a heat exchanger and use
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