CN1049485C - 分离式空调机自动控制方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及可将室内的温度和湿度调整为最舒适状态的空调机的自动控制方法,利用由室外温度感测传感器按指定时间感测的室外温度判定由天气决定的湿度,并进行适当的除湿运转,不仅可以创造舒适的环境,而且可以防止装置在低温下长时间除湿运转发生的冻结,从而可以大大提高空调机的效率。
Description
本发明涉及空调机,特别是涉及空调机的自动控制方法,这种自动控制方法按指定的时间间隔感测室外温度后,根据感测到的室外温度的变化幅度和温度范围以及温度保持时间判断天气,并根据予先储存在微机内的随天气而变化的湿度,自动控制空调机,从而使室内的温度和湿度达到最佳状态。
通常,湿度高时感到不舒适,湿度低时感到舒适。此外,如果气温低而湿度高时,目前的空调机的制冷运转效率便降低,同时稳定在该湿度高的状态,不可能使湿度降低。
这时,室内的居住者要想感到舒适,必须居住者本身用手动方式进行除湿运转,降低湿度,或者利用制冷除湿自动转换运转器进行转换,使湿度降低。
但是,使用目前的空调机根据居住者本身感觉的体感湿度用于手动方法进行除湿运转时,除湿效率当然会降低。而且用在空调机上的通常的湿度传感器,室内湿度大于80%时,阻值几乎不变,室内湿度小于30%时,阻值变化太大,所以,难于正确地感测室内温度大于80%时的湿度变化幅度和室内湿度小于30%时的湿度变化幅度,而利用制冷除湿自动转换运转器进行转换运行时,只好使除湿效率降低。
湿度小于30%时,虽然没有什么特别的问题,但是,当略高于80%时,室内环境就会不舒适,不仅居住者会感到不舒服,而且室内的食物也容易腐烂。
因此,本发明就是为了解决上述这些问题而提出来的。本发明的目的旨在提供一种空调机的自动控制方法,这种方法是在空调机的主机之外,另装一个包括室外湿度感测传感器在内的辅助机身,按指定的时间间隔感测室外湿度后,根据附设在辅助机上的室外温度感测传感器感测的室外温度的变化幅度和温度范围以及温度保持时间判断天气,当根据随天气而变化的湿度判断出湿度传感器感测到的湿度不合适时进行湿度修正,然后根据修正过的湿度进行除湿运转,即使在湿度传感器不能正确在感测的湿度范围,也可双有效地进行除湿运转。
此外,本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种空调机的自动控制方法,为了防止经过持续长时间除湿运转时室内热交换器发生冻结,这种方法可以将除湿运转时的室外湿度和基准湿度进行比较,当室内温度和除湿运转持续时间与防止冻结基准温度符合时,为了防止冻结,可以使冻结解除时间和冻结危险解除时间延迟(停止运转),从而可以防止室内热交换器冻结。
为了达到上述目的,本发明的空调机的自动控制方法的特征是由四个阶段组成,第1阶段按指定的时间间隔感测室外温度,并存储到存储器内;第2阶段根据将室外温度向存储器内存储的次数进行天气判断;第3阶段根据判断的天气来判断湿度,并进行除湿运转;第4阶段在除湿运转后进行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序。
本发明涉及可将室内的温度和湿度调整为最舒适状态的空调机的自动控制方法,利用由室外温度感测传感器按指定时间感测的室外温度判定由天气决定的湿度,并进行适当的除湿运转,不仅可以创造舒适的环境,而且可以防止装置在低温下长时间除湿运转发生的冻结,从而可以大大提空调机的效率。
图1是本发明的空调机的总体结构简图。
图2是用来实现本发明的控制系统图。
图3是表示适用于本发明的与天气相关的湿度和室外温度曲线的一个例子。
图4是本发明的空调机的自动控制方法的程序图。
图5A-5D是图4中的子程序图。
1-微机,
2-室内温度感测传感器,
3-室外温度感测传感器,
4-湿度传感器,5-室内热交换器温度感测传感器,
6,7-驱动器
8-室内电机,
9-室外电机
10-压缩机。
下面,参照附图详细说明本发明一个实施例。
在图1和图2中,1是集中控制本发明的除湿运转的微机,2是制冷运转时感测吸入室内热交换器(图中未示出)中的空气温度(即室内温度)并输入微机的室内温度感测传感器,3是体现本发明的主要目的根据室外温度进行适当除湿运转的用来感测室外温度并输入微机的室外温度感测传感器,4是在指定时间感测室内温度并输入微机的湿度传感器,6是由上述微机1控制的驱动室内电机8的室内驱动装置,7是受上述微机1的控制,来控制室外电机9和根据室内温度上升或下降的需要控制制压缩机的10的室外驱动装置,5是感测室内热交换器的温度的温度感测传感器。
室内温度感测传感器2和湿度传感器4如图1所示,分别附设在空调机主机100的前面右侧上下位置,空调机设在室内墙壁300的中心处,室外温度感测传感器3附设在空调机的辅助机身200上,感测室外温度,该辅助机身200设在室外。
下面,参照上述图1和图2,简要介绍本发明的分离式空调机的自动控制方法。
室内温度感测传感2和室内热交换器温度感测传感器5以及湿度传感器4的感测值输入微机1的同时,由室外温度感测传感器3按指定的时间间隔感测的室外温度(外界空气气温度)值也输入微机1,于是根据予先储存在微机1内的基准数据和程序,判断并修正室外温度下的湿度后,进行与此相应的除湿运转,并运行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序。
即,如图3所示的表示与天气对应的湿度及室外温度的一个曲线例子所示,在湿度大于85%的梅雨天气或有雾时,室外温度变化幅度Δt很小,温度保持时间Ti较长,室外温度Tp较低,约为13-25℃,相反,当天气转为湿度大于90%的阵雨时,室外温度变化幅度Δt非常大,温度保持时间Ti较短,室外温度Tp很高,约为30-45℃,当天气变为湿度大于75%的阴天时,室外温度变化幅度Δt和温度保持时间Ti以及室外温度Tb介于梅雨或有雾天气和阵雨天气之间,可制得如下表1所示基准数据。
表1.
*保持时间:D>E>F,室外温度变化幅度:Δt1>Δt2
天气 | 梅雨或雾 | 阴天 | 阵雨 |
室外温度变化幅度(Δt) | Δt<Δt2 | Δt<Δt1Δt>Δt2 | Δt>Δt1 |
保持时间(Ti) | Ti>D | Ti>E | Ti>F |
室外温度(Tp) | 13℃~25℃ | 20℃~29℃ | 30℃~45℃ |
湿度 | >85% | >75% | >90% |
把上述基准数据储存在微机1内的存储器中,可以作为进行除湿运转的判别数据使用。
图3所示的与天气对应的湿度和室外温度是以韩国的夏季天气为基准的结果,所以,与其对应的基准数据当然可以根据本发明的空调机按使用国的天气作适当的变更。
另一方面,湿度大于80%时,湿度传感器4的感测变化几乎不变,所以,以判别的室外温度和温度变化幅度以及维持时间为基准判断天气后,可以设定与天气对应的湿度进行适当的除湿运转。
此外,在本发明中,为了防止在低温下长时间除湿运转而产生的室内热交换器冻结,使用了各种防止冻结的基准数据。
也就是说,把室外温度和进行除湿运转的时间按不同阶段进行设定。
例如,连续进行除湿运转时,将冻结解除时间(约6分钟)延迟后,变换为一般的自动运转,使室内热交换器的温度不会再下降,当室外温度低于25℃(冻结危险温度)时,如果除湿运转连续地在冻结危险时间(约1个小时)中进行,可以在将冻结危险解除时间(约3分钟)延迟后,再次进行除湿运转。上述除湿运转只在室内湿度大于某一百分值(居住者感到不舒适或者食物发生腐烂的湿度,约60%)时进行,而在室内湿度小于该百分值时不进行。
图4是本发明的空调机的自动控制方法的程序图,图5A-图5D是图4中的子程序图,下面结合图2和图3进行详细说明。
当给图2中的控制装置接通电源时(S1),将计数器初始化(n←0)(S2)。
此后,利用室外温度感测传感器3在指定的时间内感测室外温度(S3),并将感测室外温度存入微机1的存储器内(S4)。这一动作在指定的时间(T1)间隔内反复进行。
然后,判断是否到达指定的时间(S5),如果未到指定的时间T1时,继续计数时间(S6),如果已到指定的时间,使计数器增加1(n=n+1)(S7),并判断计数器的数是否为1(S8)。
这时,如果计数器等于1(n=1),则运行阵雨程序S100,在运行阵雨判别程序S100的过程中,如果判定天气为阵雨,则在修正为与阵雨对应的湿度后(在后面的阵雨判别程序中详述),进行除湿运转(S400),并进行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序S500。
运行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序S500后,判断计数器是否等于3(S10),计数器不等于3时(即NO时),因计数器为n=1,所以进入室外温度感测阶段S3来感测室外温度,在指定的时间T1间隔内反复进行向存储器存储的阶段。
另一方面,在运行阵雨判别程序S100的过程中,如果判断无阵雨时,便进行室外温度感测阶段S3(图4中未示出)。
这样,如果反复进行2次存储室外温度的过程,经过T2时间(T2=2T1),这时运行阴天判别程序S200。如果反复进行3次存储室外温度的过程,经过T3时间(T3=3T1),这时运行梅雨或雾天判别程序S300。
这时,也和在阵雨判别程序S100中一样,如果定为阴天或者梅雨或雾天时,在修正为与梅雨或雾天对应的湿度后,进行除湿运转(S400),然后运行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序S500,如果判断不是阴天或梅雨或雾天时,就进行室外温度感测阶段S3。
这里,所谓指定的时间T1是指能够判别天气的时间,所谓能够判别天气的时间是指比降阵雨的时间稍长一点的时间。
所谓指定的时间T2,是指比能够判定为阴天的时间稍短的时间,所谓指定的时间T3是指比能够判定为阴天的时间长,而比能够判定为梅雨或雾天的时间略短的时间。
当然,上述的时间都是以韩国的典型天气为基准设定的,因此,可以以应用本发明的地方的天气为基准变更设定。
图5A表示图4中的阵雨判别程序S100。
经过最初的指定时间T1后,可以运行阵雨判别程序S100。
这是由于如图3和表1所示,降阵雨时室外温度变化幅度Δt大,温度保持时间T短,所以是可能的。
根据这样的特性判别天气是否为阵雨。
下面参照图5A详细说明这一点。
首先,经过最初的指定时间,将存储器中存储的指定时间T1前的湿度和现在温度进行比较(S101),判别室外温度变化幅度Δt是否小于Δt1(S102)。
当该判定结果是室外温度变化幅度Δt小于Δt1,不满足阵雨条件时(NO时),进入图4的温度感测阶段S3(S103),感测室外温度,当室外温度变化幅度Δt大于Δt1,满足阵雨条件时(yes时)判断室外温度是否在30-45℃范围(S104)。
当上述判别结果是室外温度不处于30-45℃范围时(NO时),虽然上述室外温度变化幅度可以满足,但是,由于室外温度范围不满足阵雨条件,所以,进入图4的温度感测阶段S3(S103),感测室外温度,当室外温度处于30-45℃范围,满足阵雨时的温度时(yes时),由于温度变化幅度和室外温度范围满足阵雨时的条件,所以在判断天气为阵雨后,判别从湿度传感器4输入的室内湿度是否小于90%(S105)。
结果,当判断室内湿度小于90%时,(yes时)则判定湿度传感器4不能正确地感测,将湿度传感器4的输入值修正为90%(S100)。
其理由是,因断定天气为阵雨,所以这时的湿度应与图3和表1所示的一样,应大于90%,而湿度传感器4的输入值小于90%,是由于传感器4不能正确地感测现在的湿度所造成的。
因此,在微机1内将湿度传感器4的输入值修正为90%后,将压缩机10的驱动速度和室内风扇速度降至最低或停止,进行除湿运转(S107)(图4中的S400)。
另一方面,对室内湿度判别结果,若室内湿度大于90%时(NO时),则断定湿度传感器4正确地感测了现在的湿度,可以不用修正湿度传感器4的输入值,直接进行除湿运转(S400)。
在除湿运转后,进行防止室内热交换冻结的程序S500。
图5B表示图4中的阴天判别程序S200。
当指定的时间T1经过2次时,可以运行阴天判别程序S200。
这是因为,如图3表1所示,天气为阴天时室外温度变化Δt比阵雨时小,保持时间E长的缘故。
根据这种特性判别天气是否为阴天。
下面参照图5B详细说明。
首先,指定时间T1经过2次时,交存储在存储器中的指定时间T1前的温度和现在的温度进行比较(S201),判别室外温度变化幅度Δt是否小于Δt1(S202)。
判别的结果,当室外温度变化幅度Δt不满足阴天的条件时(NO时),进入图4中的温度感测阶段S3(S203),感测室外温度,当室外温度变化幅度Δt满足阴天的条件时(Yes时),将存储在存储器内的指定时间(T2=2T1)前的温度和现在的温度再进行比较(S204),判别室外温度变化幅度Δt是否小于Δt1。
上述判断结果,当室外温度变化幅度Δt1不满足阴天的条件时(NO时),进入图4中的温度感测阶段S3(S203),感测室外温度,当室外温度变化幅度Δt满足阴天条件时(yes时),判别室外温度是否处于阴天时的温度范围20-29℃(S206)
上述判断的结果,当室外温度不处于20-29℃范围时(NO时),虽然天气保持时间和室外温度变化幅度可以满足,但是由于室外温度范围不满足阵雨条件,所以,进入图4中的温度感测阶段S3(S203),感测室外温度,当室外温度处于20-29℃范围,满足阴天时的温度时(yes时),由于温度变化幅度和室外温度范围满足阴天条件,所以,在判断天气为阴天后,判别湿度传感器4输入的室内湿度是否小于75%(S207)。
结果,当判定室内湿度小于75%时(yes时),则判定湿度传感器4未正确地感测,将湿度传感器4的输入值修正为75%(S208)后,进行将压缩机10驱动速度和室内风扇速度降到最低或停止,进行除湿运转(S209)
另一方面,室内湿度的判别结果,当室内湿度大于75%时(NO时),判定湿度传感器4正确地感测了现在的湿度,可以不用修正湿度传感器的输入值,直接进行除湿运转(S209)。
除湿运转后,运行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序S500。
图5C表示图4中的梅雨或雾天判别程序S300。
当指定时间T1经过3次时,可以运行梅雨或雾天判别程序S300。
这是因为,如图3和表1所示,天气为梅雨或雾天时室外温度变化幅度Δt小,且室外温度保持时间D长的缘故。
根据这种特性判别天气是否为梅雨或雾天。
下面参照图5C详细说明。
首先,当指定时间T1经过3次时,将存储在存储器中的指定时间T1前的温度和现在的温度进行比较(S301),判别室外温度变化幅度Δt是否小于Δt2(S302)。
判别的结果,当室外温度变化幅度Δt不满足梅雨或雾天时的条件时(NO时),进行一般运转(S303),当室外温度变化幅度Δt满足梅雨或雾天时的条件时(yes),将存储在存储器中的指定时间(T2=2T1)前的温度和现在的温度再进行比较(S304),判别室外温度变化幅度Δt是否小于Δt2(S305)。
判别的结果,当室外温度变化幅度Δt不满足梅雨或雾天时的条件时(NO时),进行一般运转(S303),当室外温度变化幅度Δt满足梅雨或雾天时的条件时(yes时)。将存储在存储器中的指定时间(T3=3T1)前的温度和现在的温度再进行比较(S306),判别室外温度变化幅度Δt是否小于Δt2(S307)。
判别的结果,室外温度变化幅度Δt不满足梅雨或雾天时的条件时(NO时),进行一般运转(S303)。室外温度变化幅度Δt满足梅雨或雾天时的条件时(yes时),判别室外温度是否在梅雨或雾天时的温度范围13-25℃(S308℃)。
上述判别的结果,当室外温度不处于13-25℃范围时(NO时),虽然天气保持时间D和室外温度变化幅度可以满足,但是,由于室外温度范围不满足,所以,进行一般运转(S303)。当室外温度处于满足梅雨或雾天时的温度范围13-25℃时(yes时),由于天气保持时间和温度变化幅度以及室外温度范围满足梅雨或雾天时的条件,所以,在判断天气为梅雨或雾天后,判别温度传感器4输入的室内湿度是否小于85%(S309)。
判断的结果,当判断室内湿度小于85%时(yes时),判定湿度传感器4未正确地感测,在将湿度传感器4的输入值修正为85%后(S310),将压缩机10的驱动速度和室内风扇速度降至最低或停止,进行除湿运转(S400)。
另一方面,室内湿度的判断结果,室内湿度大于85%时(NO时),判定湿度传感器4正确地感测了现在的湿度,可以不修正湿度传感器的输入值,直接进行除湿运转(S400)。
除湿运转后,运行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序S500。
图5D表示防止室内热交换器冻结的程序S500。
防止室内热交换器冻结程序S500是为了防止室内热交换器发生冻结的,以便防止在室外温度处于低温(约小于23℃)状态下除湿运转持续的时间大于指定时间时,室内热交换器发生冻结,降低空调机的效率,同时,也是为了延长机器的寿命。
因此,首先判别室外温度是否为冻结危险温度(约25℃)(S501)。判别的结果,当室外温度大于冻结危险温度时(NO时),断定室内热交换器不会发生冻结的危险,然后,判别室内湿度是否大于某一百分值(居住者感到不舒服的湿度约为60%)(S509)。
判断的结果,当室内湿度大于某一百分值时(yes时),除湿运转应继续进行,所以,进入图4中的除湿运转阶段S400,继续进行除湿运转。
如果室内湿度小于某一百分值时(NO时),则判断为不必进行除湿运转,而进行一般运转(S501)。
另外,上述室外温度判断的结果(S501),当室外温度小于冻结危险温度时(yes时),判别室外温度是否小于冻结温度(约23℃)(S502)。
上述判断的结果,当室外温度小于冻结温度时(yes时),由于是低温下的除湿运转,所以进行除湿运转(S506)。然后,判别可否经过冻结时间(约30分钟)(S507),如果低温下的除湿运转经过了冻结时间,为了防止冻结,在冻结解除时间(约6分钟)内停止运转后(S508),进行室内湿度的判别动作(S509)。
另一方面,室外温度判别的结果,当室外温度小于冻结危险温度、而大于冻结温度时,由于室内热交换器发生冻结的危险性高,所以,进行除湿运转(S503),并判别可否经过比小于冻结温度时长的冻结危险时间(约1个小时)(S504),在冻结危险时间内进行除湿运转后,为了防止冻结,在冻结危险解除时间(约3分钟)内停止运转(S505),然后进行室外温度判别动作(S501)。
如果在小于冻结危险温度,而大于冻结温度的室外温度下进行除湿运转(S503)的过程中未经过冻结时间,则进行室外温度的判别动作(S501)。
如上所述,按照本发明的空调机的自动控制方法,以感测到的室外温度为基准判定相对湿度,进行与此相符合的适当的除湿运转。对于创造舒适的环境,并防止冻结和成少经济损失有很大的效果。
上面介绍了本发明的一个具体的实施例,但是,很明显,可以实施不超出本发明的范围的种种变形方案。
特别是,也可以不按指定的时间间隔进行室外温度的感测,而在指定的时间内连续地感测后,求出平均值,用它来代替室外温度。
Claims (11)
1.一种空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:该方法包括四个阶段,即按指定时间间隔感测室外温度并存入存储器的第1阶段,根据将室外温度存入存储器的次数进行天气判别的第2阶段、根据判定的天气判断湿度并进行除湿运转的第3阶段和除湿运转后运行防止室内热交换器冻结的程序的第4阶段。
2.按权利要求1所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:上述第1阶段中感测室外温度的指定时间设定为其特续时间比最短天气的保持时间略长,从而能进行天气判别。
3.按权利要求1所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:室外温度由附设在辅助机身上的室外温度感测传感器进行感测。
4.按权利要求1所述的空调机的自动控制方法的特征在于:利用由天气的特征决定的基准数据进行天气判别。
5.按权利要求1所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:相对湿度定为利用阵雨判别程序、阴天判别程序和梅雨或雾天判别程序判别的天气湿度。
6.按权利要求1所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于其中所述的防止室内热交换冻结的程序包括以下阶段:判断室外温度是否为冻结危险温度和冻结温度的阶段、在室外温度小于冻结危险温度下的冻结危险时进行除湿运转后设定一个冻结危险温度的解除时间的阶段,和室外温度小于冻结温度时,在冻结时间内进行除湿运转后设定一个冻结解除时间的阶段。
7.按权利要求4所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:天气的特征以温度变化幅度和温度保持时间以及室外温度的范围为基准。
8.按权利要求5所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:阵雨判别程序包括将指定时间T1前的温度和现在的温度进行比较,判别温度和室外温度的范围的阶段、根据温度变化幅度和室外温度的范围以及温度保持时间进行天气判别后,当由温度传感器感测的室内的温度范围不满足天气的湿度范围时,修正湿度输入值的阶段、和由湿度传感器感测的室内的湿度范围不满足由天气决定的湿度范围时,利用修正过的输入值进行除湿运转,或者当满足天气的湿度范围时按照湿度传感器的湿度值进行除湿运转阶段。
9.按照权利要求5所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于::阴天判别程序包括对指定时间T1前的温度和现在的温度进行比较的阶段、在上述温度比较后,对指定时间T2=2T1前的温度和现在的温度进行比较,判别温度变化幅度和室外温度范围的阶段、根据温度变化幅度和室外温度范围经及温度保持时间判别天气后,湿度传感器感测的室内的温度范围不满足是由天气决定的湿度范围时修正湿度输入值的阶段、和湿度传感器感测的室内的湿度范围不满足由天气决定的湿度范围时根据修正过的输入值进行除湿运转,或者当满足天气的湿度范围时按照湿度传感器的湿度值进行除湿运转的阶段。
10.按照权利要求5所述的空调机的自动控制方法,其特征在于:于:梅雨或雾天的判别程序包括对指定时间T1及T2前的温度和现在的温度进行比较的阶段、在上述温度比较后,对指定时间T3=3T1前的温度和现在温度进行比较,判别温度变化幅度和室外温度范围的阶段、根据温度变化幅度和室外温度范围以及温度保持时间判别天气后,由湿度传感器感测的室内的湿度范围不满足由天气决定的湿度范围时修正湿度输入值的阶段、和湿度传感器感测的室内的温度范围不满足由天气决定的湿度范围时按修正过的输入值进行除湿运转、或者当满足由天气决定的温度范围时按照温度传感器测得的湿度值进行除湿运转的阶段。
11.按权利要求8或9或10所述的空调机的自动控制方法的特征在于:对指定时间前的温度和现在温度反复进行比较来判断温度保持时间。
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-
1991
- 1991-02-25 KR KR1019910003020A patent/KR930003925B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-02-18 US US07/837,203 patent/US5355323A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-25 JP JP4038101A patent/JP2542543B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-25 CN CN92101064A patent/CN1049485C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-02-25 DE DE4205735A patent/DE4205735C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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KR930003925B1 (ko) | 1993-05-15 |
DE4205735C2 (de) | 2001-11-29 |
JP2542543B2 (ja) | 1996-10-09 |
KR920016789A (ko) | 1992-09-25 |
CN1064541A (zh) | 1992-09-16 |
JPH0560364A (ja) | 1993-03-09 |
US5355323A (en) | 1994-10-11 |
DE4205735A1 (de) | 1992-08-27 |
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