CN104880290B - The double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that magnetic field tracking compensates - Google Patents
The double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that magnetic field tracking compensates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that magnetic field tracking compensates belongs to vibration measurement technical field；The open magnetic field type magnetic structure of a kind of rectangle is proposed, two permanent magnets are symmetrically mounted on central magnetic yoke two ends and positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two symmetrical closed magnetic circuits are constituted by yoke, air gap produces the high-intensity magnetic field distribution of high evenness, the yoke surfaces adjacent with air gap is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench form, can effectively suppress eddy-current loss, central magnetic yoke is provided with bucking coil, form compensation magnetic field and the impact of armature-reaction is carried out synchronized tracking compensation, organically blend design with static pressure air-bearing guiding technique, obtain prominent Electromagnetic Drive mechanics performance and high motion guide precision simultaneously；The present invention can take into account big stroke, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision, provides the high-performance low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme of a kind of high accuracy, big stroke for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vibration calibrating device field, relate generally to the double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates。
Background technology
The vibration calibration platform producing standard vibration signal is the nucleus equipment realizing high accuracy vibration calibration, the high accuracy generally individually employing electromagnetic vibration generator system form of vibration calibration platform。In recent years, Aero-Space, build a bridge, the field such as protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters all proposes low frequency/demand of superlow frequency vibrating calibration。For improving the signal to noise ratio of standard vibration signal, it is ensured that the calibration accuracy of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, it is desirable to vibration calibration platform, under ensureing the premise of thrust and precision, has stroke big as far as possible。In the design process of big stroke vibration calibration console, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, how key therein and difficult point are by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, and by ensureing processing and assembly precision, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and in total travel, the electromagnetic actuation force size of output is directly proportional to the electric current in actuating coil after making coil electricity, and it is unrelated with actuating coil location, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained。
The He Wen of Zhejiang University etc. propose a kind of big stroke vibration calibration console technical scheme (1. Zhejiang University, " two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration ", China Patent No.: ZL200710069095.2；2. Zhejiang University, " a kind of electromagnetic vibration generator system ", China Patent No.: ZL200820087256.0；3. Zhejiang University, " there is the vibration table based on linear grating chi feed back control system ", China Patent No.: ZL201110115072.7；4.WenHe, etal. " Closed-Double-MagneticCircuitforaLong-strokeHorizontalEl ectromagneticVibrationExciter ", IEEETransactionsonMagnetics, 2011,49 (8): 4865-4872)。In this technical scheme, cylindrical magnet, central magnetic pole (yoke) and the assembling of tubular outer magnetic pole coaxial line, the same magnetic pole of two magnets is relative, be arranged on central magnetic pole two ends, magnet center is provided with through hole, non-magnetic bolt is adopted to be fixed, central magnetic pole is coaxially assemblied in inside tubular outer magnetic pole, tubular mounting coil is arranged in air gap in central magnetic pole, coil is fixed with air supporting set and is connected and is led by air-float guide rail, after coil electricity in magnetic field stress and produce motion, produce standard vibration signal。This technical scheme adopts double; two magnet complementary, leakage field is less, magnet utilization rate is high, it is possible to realize bigger thrust, bigger stroke and relatively low waveform distortion index, is one of domestic open vibration calibration platform technical scheme with independent intellectual property right and higher degree of being practical reported。
The Hans-J.vonMartens etc. of German federal physical technique academy (PTB) it is also proposed a kind of big stroke vibration calibration console technical scheme (1.Hans-J.vonMartens, etal, " TraceabilityofVibrationandShockMeasurementsbyLaserInterf erometry ", Measurement, 2000,28:3-20)。This technical scheme adopts cylindrical soft magnetic core, cylindrical permanent-magnet body and cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets is relative, be arranged on the two ends of cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, soft magnetic core is coaxially assemblied in the inside of soft magnetic tube, closed magnetic circuit is formed by the soft magnetic part at two ends, coil rack and actuating coil are cylindrical shape, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke, and fixing with air supporting moving component is connected, and is led by air-float guide rail。The amplitude adopting the big stroke vibration calibration console of this technical scheme is relatively big, coordinates high-performance permanent magnet and yoke material, it may be achieved the technical specifications such as the oscillation crosswise ratio of higher level, waveform distortion。
The existence of above two technical scheme is disadvantageous in that: 1) cylindrical shape outer yoke need to carry out long inside dimension processing, and processing difficulties, precision is difficult to ensure that；2) when adopting cylindrical permanent magnet, permanent magnet needing processing through hole and is bolted in yoke by non-magnetic, assembling is complicated and magnetic circuit can be produced impact；When adopting cylindrical permanent-magnet body, the sintering of large scale cylindrical permanent-magnet body, process, magnetize and assemble all comparatively difficulty；3) cylindrical shape outer yoke need to be sleeved in central magnetic yoke, as permanent magnet adopts the mode assembled afterwards that first magnetizes, assembles very difficult, and assembly precision is difficult to ensure that；As adopted the permanent magnet of AlNiCo material, can adopt and first assemble the mode magnetized afterwards, but owing to AlNiCo material permanent magnet coercivity is relatively low, poor performance, seriously restriction mechanical property and index。
The KennethJosephMetzgar etc. of APS company of the U.S. it is also proposed a kind of big stroke vibration calibration console technical scheme (KennethJosephMetzgaretal, " ElectrodynamicForceGenerator ", U.S. Patent number: US3816777)。Obtaining electromagnetic drive structures in this technical scheme is be made up of sub-assemblies 4 groups identical, each sub-assemblies is made up of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, linking block (soft magnetic materials), a magnet, linking block separates and connects the thick end of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, form a pincer structure with long air gap, magnet is arranged in air gap and is fixed on a wedge-shaped poles sheet surface, and magnet can adopt and first assemble the mode magnetized afterwards。After 4 groups of sub-assemblies stackings between two, bolt is adopted to form two mutually isostructural parts by fixing for the sub-assemblies of two stackings, again the vice jaw part of both parts is docked, and adopt the bolt crouched in wedge-shaped poles sheet that docking structure is connected fastening, form complete electromagnetic drive structures。Electromagnetic drive structures after docking has two long air gaps, and moving-coil (actuating coil) is arranged in air gap, and is led by bearing and bearing rod in the axial direction。This technical scheme easily realizes high magnetic flux density in air gap, and has carried out more ripe commercialization and popularization。
This technical scheme exists and is disadvantageous in that: 1) electromagnetic drive structures by multiple structural groupings, be spliced to form, structure is complicated；Fritter permanent magnet need to adopt gluing or alternate manner to be arranged on wedge-shaped poles sheet, assembling complexity, it is difficult to ensure assembly precision；2) in air gap, the static-magnetic induction of a certain position is directly related with the operating point of this place's permanent magnet, and the uniformity of whole air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure that, the material of fritter permanent magnet and the coherence request of technique is higher；3) permanent magnet is directly facing air gap, and it can be produced pressure and magnetize or demagnetizing effect by the complementary field produced after actuating coil energising, when passing to larger current in actuating coil, it is easy to make permanent magnet produce irreversible demagnetization；4) during actuating coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, owing to permanent magnet is directly facing air gap, magnetic flux increases the magnetic circuit of side and is easily saturated, the magnetic flux that now coil side increases is fewer than the magnetic flux that opposite side reduces, the average magnetic induction intensity causing coil position reduces, and then makes the standard vibration signal of generation produce wave distortion。
As previously mentioned, in the design process of big stroke vibration calibration console, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, the difficult point of design and it is crucial that by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and in total travel, the electromagnetic actuation force of output is directly proportional to size of current after making actuating coil energising, and it is unrelated with actuating coil location, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained。And prior art all exists various problems and shortcomings, the linearity index exporting electromagnetic actuation force in air gap after the static uniformity of Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, coil electricity is difficult to there is further lifting。Key issue therein has 3 points:
(1)In long air gap, the uniformity of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution is difficult to ensure that。Before coil electricity, permanent magnet excitation forms stable main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, along with the increase of vibration calibration platform stroke, the uniformity of long air gap internal magnetic field it is difficult to ensure that, export the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force after directly affecting coil electricity；There is research worker to attempt being compensated by adjustment current waveform, but effect is difficult to ensure that, especially that order magnetic field heterogenicity error compensation effect is not good enough, compensation method that is effective and that have relatively high practicability is not yet proposed at present both at home and abroad。
(2)The linearity of the armature-reaction restriction output electromagnetic actuation force after actuating coil energising and the distortion factor of output vibrational waveform Index。Complementary field can be produced after actuating coil energising, this complementary field couples with main field superposition, producing to increase magnetic or demagnetizing effect to main field, make diverse location in air gap, the especially Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of actuating coil position become uneven, this phenomenon is called armature-reaction。Being affected by armature-reaction, in stroke, diverse location is when the loaded electric current density of coil is identical, and the electromagnetic actuation force of output is inconsistent；And be not directly proportional to electric current density in the size of same position electromagnetic actuation force, exist certain non-linear。Armature-reaction is one of vibration calibration platform output vibrational waveform key factor producing the distortion factor, and its impact increases with the increase driving electric current, is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform。
(3)Long yoke is difficult to ensure that with assembling difficulty, precision with the processing of large scale permanent magnet。In big stroke vibration calibration console, long central magnetic yoke need to adopt reasonable manner to fix with two ends supporting way, and for ensureing seriality and the integrity of magnetic flux, the key position that magnetic flux is intensive should avoid the mounting structures such as processing through hole/screwed hole as far as possible；The sintering of large scale permanent magnet, processing and assemble all very difficult, yield rate is very low, and permanent magnet is fragile material and expensive, and assembly method and unreasonable structure are easily caused damage, generally should not process the mounting structure of the forms such as through hole on permanent magnet；To obtain bigger electromagnetic actuation force simultaneously, be generally adopted the strong magnetic permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, strong magnetic permanent magnet part assembling process needs to overcome huge magnetic attraction, is a difficult problem of the art。
Additionally,Eddy-current loss is also the difficult problem affecting vibration calibration platform precision with performance。When vibration calibration platform works, what pass in actuating coil is that alternation drives electric current, current amplitude is maximum up to tens amperes, coil moves back and forth with sinusoidal rule in the axial direction in long air gap, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the alternating magnetic field that alternating current and coil movement produce can in yoke surfaces, and especially adjacent with air gap yoke surfaces can produce current vortex, causes eddy-current loss。Can produce power reaches as high as the thermal losses of a few hectowatt to eddy-current loss on the one hand, and caloric value is surprising, and then brings a series of thermal agitation and thermal deformation problem；The transient field problem that alternating magnetic field and current vortex cause on the other hand, can make the result that the performance indications of reality obtain by traditional design theory, analysis method relatively produce relatively large deviation, have a strong impact on design accuracy and effect。Eddy-current loss is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform, not yet finds effective solution both at home and abroad at present。
To sum up, restricted by the problems referred to above, standard low frequency vibration difficulty in the indexs such as waveform distortion that prior art produces is adopted to have further breakthrough, it is difficult to meet the high-precision calibration of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the demand of the vibration calibration with very low frequency and ultraprecise feature especially of future generation。Therefore, how by the innovation of the links such as method, structure, material and optimization design, it is proposed to having the vibration calibration platform technical scheme of super large stroke, ultralow operating frequency and superhigh precision, the development for vibration measurement technology has great importance。One or several in the problems referred to above achieves a solution, and the performance of big stroke vibration calibration console all can be made to be significantly improved, and makes low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating collimation technique obtain substantive breakthroughs。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for prior art Problems existing, the double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates is provided, key components and parts simple in construction in the present invention, it is easily guaranteed that processing and assembly precision, effective integration by the innovation of Electromagnetic Design and structural design and Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique, big stroke can be taken into account, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision, especially there is the characteristic that standard vibration waveform distortion is affected by prominent compensation armature-reaction, can effectively solve prior art Problems existing with not enough, a kind of high accuracy is provided for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration, the superlow frequency vibrating calibration console of big stroke。
The technical solution of the present invention is:
The double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates, by pedestal, electromagnetic drive structures, static pressure air-float guide rail and workbench are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures with static pressure air-float guide rail to be arranged on pedestal in the way of axis is parallel, the upper surface that workbench is arranged in static pressure air-float guide rail sliding sleeve, described pedestal is by base plate, lower rebound, framework, the stacking from bottom to top of upper cover plate and guide support is installed and is constituted, electromagnetic drive structures is arranged on the upper surface of lower rebound, the inside of framework, the middle part of lower rebound is provided with rectangular aperture, the length of rectangular aperture is more than the range of movement of electromagnetic drive structures coil skeleton, static pressure air-float guide rail is arranged on framework in the way of the support of two ends by two guide support；Static pressure air-float guide rail is made up of guide rail, sliding sleeve and sliding sleeve connector, sliding sleeve is sleeved on guide rail slidably and is mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect with guide rail, sliding sleeve is rigidly connected by sliding sleeve connector with the coil rack in electromagnetic drive structures, sliding sleeve connector is through two slits of upper cover plate, and the length of slit is more than the range of movement of coil rack；Electromagnetic drive structures is by the permanent magnet of square-section, central magnetic yoke, inner yoke, outer yoke, the coil rack in end yoke and square shape cross section is constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, the two ends of two outer yokes hold yoke to be rigidly connected with two respectively, constitute square shape magnetic yoke structure, central magnetic yoke is arranged on the long axis of square shape magnetic yoke structure, the length of inner yoke is less than the length of outer yoke, two inner yokes are symmetrically mounted on two two relative surfaces of outer yoke, and separated by the air gap of two equal in widths with central magnetic yoke, two permanent magnets are symmetrically mounted between the two ends of central magnetic yoke and two end yokes, and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet respectively with central magnetic yoke, the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke slidably, coil rack is wound with actuating coil, actuating coil passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench form, deep trench is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap, central magnetic yoke is wound with bucking coil, the electric current led in bucking coil is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio。
The mounting means of described permanent magnet is the permanent magnet installing frame adopting two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, by permanent magnet adhesive asserably inside permanent magnet installing frame, is fixed by permanent magnet by fixed permanent magnet installing frame；The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke is the yoke installing frame adopting two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installing frames are sleeved on central magnetic yoke two ends and are rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke, yoke installing frame is fixed on the upper surface of base plate, thus central magnetic yoke being fixed in the way of the support of two ends through the rectangular aperture on lower rebound。
Described permanent magnet is to adopt multiple fritter permanent magnets to be spliced to form with bonding way。
The technological innovation of the present invention and the good result of generation are in that:
(1) present invention proposes the open magnetic field type electromagnetic drive structures design of a kind of rectangle, and permanent magnet and yoke part section are rectangle, simple in construction, and processing is with easy to assembly, it is easy to ensure processing and assembly precision；The permanent magnet laggard luggage that can first magnetize is joined, and therefore can adopt the high-performance permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, thus obtaining high gap density and big electromagnetic actuation force；The problems such as the long size cylindrical shape yoke solving prior art existence is difficult to, and key components and parts processing and assembly precision are difficult to ensure that, strong magnetic permanent magnet assembling difficulty,The uniformity index of higher main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution can be obtained in long air gap。This is one of present invention innovative point being different from prior art。
(2), in the electromagnetic drive structures of the present invention, permanent magnet is not directly facing air gap, and the pressure producing complementary field after being not subject to actuating coil energising is filled, demagnetizing effect；During actuating coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, and the effect that magnetic flux increases and reduces is cancelled out each other, and makes the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position be held essentially constant；Solve permanent magnet in prior art and, directly facing air gap, when operating current is bigger in actuating coil, easily produce the problems such as irreversible demagnetization, the poor linearity of output electromagnetic actuation force；Realize the linearity index of higher output electromagnetic actuation force。This is that the present invention is different from the two of the innovative point of prior art。
(3) present invention adopts yoke installing frame reliably to install fixing by central magnetic yoke with two ends supporting way；Adopt permanent magnet installing frame that permanent magnet carries out installation fixing, by permanent magnet adhesive asserably behind permanent magnet installing frame inside, integrally can push designated mounting position to from the space between central magnetic yoke and end yoke, under the effect of magnetic attraction component vertically, permanent magnet and permanent magnet installing frame assembly can smoothly slip into installation site, assembling process is simple and reliable, greatly reduces the assembly difficulty of permanent magnet；Solve long central magnetic yoke and large scale fragile material permanent magnet part is reliably installed fixing and strong magnetic permanent magnet part and assembled Journey need to overcome a difficult problem for huge magnetic attraction。This is that the present invention is different from the three of the innovative point of prior art。
(4) the array micro structure of the present invention surface in the inner yoke adjacent with air gap, the length direction periodic arrangement deep trench form along air gap, theory all shows with simulation analysis and experiment, the method can effectively suppress the generation of current vortex, it is substantially reduced the impact of eddy-current loss, both thermal agitation and thermal deformation problem that eddy-current loss is brought had been efficiently solved, the actual performance index making again electromagnetic drive structures has higher concordance with Design Theory result, it is achieved higher design accuracy；Solve eddy-current loss this A difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform。This is that the present invention is different from the four of the innovative point of prior art。
(5) present invention arranges bucking coil in central magnetic yoke, wherein institute's galvanization is contrary with the sense of current loaded in actuating coil, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude is proportional, theoretical research and experimental result all show, generation complementary field after actuating coil energising can be affected the impact of the phenomenon of main magnetic field distribution, i.e. armature-reaction and carry out synchronized tracking compensation by the compensation magnetic field that bucking coil is formed；The linear electromagnetic driving force specislity of approximate ideal can be realized, efficiently solve armature-reaction and cause that electromagnetic vibration generator system exports The problem that standard vibration waveform distortion is big。This is that the present invention distinguishes the five of the innovative point of prior art。
(5) present invention is by Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique effective integration, utilize static pressure air-float guide rail without friction, without characteristics such as abrasion, high motion guide precision, prominent Electromagnetic Drive mechanics characteristic and high motion guide precision can be obtained simultaneously, further ensure the distortion factor index of vibration calibration platform outputting standard vibrational waveform。This is that the present invention distinguishes the six of the innovative point of prior art。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the detonation configuration schematic diagram of the open magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of rectangle of double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation；
Fig. 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the open magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of rectangle of double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation；
Fig. 3 is the overall schematic of electromagnetic drive structures；
Fig. 4 is the generalized section of electromagnetic drive structures；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnet pole arrangement and main magnetic circuit；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap；
Fig. 8 is the array micro structure schematic diagram of deep trench form in inner yoke；
Fig. 9 adopts permanent magnet installing frame, yoke installing frame that permanent magnet and central magnetic yoke are installed fixing schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of permanent magnet installing frame；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of yoke installing frame；
Figure 12 is the structural representation of one embodiment of coil rack。
In figure, piece number illustrates: 1 permanent magnet, 2 central magnetic yoke, 3 inner yokes, 4 outer yokes, 5 end yokes, 6 coil racks, 7 air gaps, 8 actuating coils, 9 permanent magnet installing frames, 10 yoke installing frames, 11 first magnetic circuits, 12 second magnetic circuits, 13 electromagnetic drive structures, 14 static pressure air-float guide rails, 15 workbench, 16 pedestals, 17 base plates, 18 times rebounds, 19 frameworks, 20 upper cover plates, 21 guide support, 22 rectangular apertures, 23 guide rails, 24 sliding sleeves, 25 sliding sleeve connectors, 26 slits, 27 bucking coils, 28 deep trench。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, and provides embodiment。
The double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates, by pedestal 16, electromagnetic drive structures 13, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 and workbench 15 are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures 13 with static pressure air-float guide rail 14 to be arranged on pedestal 16 in the way of axis is parallel, workbench 15 is arranged in static pressure air-float guide rail 14 upper surface of sliding sleeve 24, described pedestal 16 is by base plate 17, lower rebound 18, framework 19, upper cover plate 20 and guide support 21 stacking from bottom to top are installed and are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures 13 is arranged on the upper surface of lower rebound 18, the inside of framework 19, the middle part of lower rebound 18 is provided with rectangular aperture 22, the length of rectangular aperture 22 is more than the range of movement of electromagnetic drive structures 13 coil skeleton 6, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is arranged on framework 19 in the way of the support of two ends by two guide support 21；Static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is made up of guide rail 23, sliding sleeve 24 and sliding sleeve connector 25, sliding sleeve 24 is sleeved on guide rail 23 slidably and is mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect with guide rail 23, sliding sleeve 24 is rigidly connected by sliding sleeve connector 25 with the coil rack 6 in electromagnetic drive structures 13, sliding sleeve connector 25 is through two slits 26 of upper cover plate 20, and the length of slit 26 is more than the range of movement of coil rack 6；Electromagnetic drive structures 13 is by the permanent magnet 1 of square-section, central magnetic yoke 2, inner yoke 3, outer yoke 4, the coil rack 6 in end yoke 5 and square shape cross section is constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, the two ends of two outer yokes 4 hold yoke 5 to be rigidly connected with two respectively, constitute square shape magnetic yoke structure, central magnetic yoke 2 is arranged on the long axis of square shape magnetic yoke structure, the length of inner yoke 3 is less than the length of outer yoke 4, two inner yokes 3 are symmetrically mounted on two two relative surfaces of outer yoke 4, and separated by the air gap 7 of two equal in widths with central magnetic yoke 2, two permanent magnets 1 are symmetrically mounted between the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and two end yokes 5, and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet 1 respectively with central magnetic yoke 2, the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke 5, coil rack 6 is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably, coil rack 6 is wound with actuating coil 8, actuating coil 8 passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, inner yoke 3 surface adjacent with air gap 7 is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench 28 form, deep trench 28 is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7, central magnetic yoke 2 is wound with bucking coil 27, the electric current led in bucking coil 27 is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil 8, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio。
The mounting means of described permanent magnet 1 is the permanent magnet installing frame 9 adopting two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, by permanent magnet 1 adhesive asserably inside permanent magnet installing frame 9, is fixed by permanent magnet 1 by fixed permanent magnet installing frame 9；The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke 2 is the yoke installing frame 10 adopting two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installing frames 10 are sleeved on central magnetic yoke 2 two ends and are rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke 2, yoke installing frame 10 is fixed on the upper surface of base plate 17, thus central magnetic yoke 2 being fixed in the way of the support of two ends through the rectangular aperture 22 on lower rebound 18。
Described permanent magnet 1 is to adopt multiple fritter permanent magnets to be spliced to form with bonding way。
One embodiment of the present of invention is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 5。In the present embodiment, the open magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the rectangle of double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation is for producing the standard low frequency vibration of horizontal direction, and peak swing is 1.2m。
In electromagnetic drive structures 13, permanent magnet 1 is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of NdFeB material, the residual magnetization of material is 1.17T, coercivity is 890kA/m, the N of two permanent magnets 1 is extremely positioned opposite, being symmetrically mounted between the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and two end yokes 5, an end face of two end faces of each permanent magnet 1 and an end face of central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5 is in close contact respectively。Central magnetic yoke 3, two outer yokes of 2, two inner yokes 4, two end yoke 5 all adopts high magnetic permeability electrical pure iron material DT4C to make, and maximum relative permeability can reach 12000, and saturation flux amount is 2.5T。The cross section of 2, two permanent magnets of central magnetic yoke, 3, two outer yokes of 1, two inner yokes 4, two end yoke 5 is rectangle, and 2, two permanent magnets of central magnetic yoke 1, two end yoke 5 is coaxially assembled。Being separated by two long air gaps 7 between central magnetic yoke 2 and two inner yokes 3, the width of air gap 7 is 15mm。Two inner yokes 3 are respectively adopted screw and are rigidly attached on two two relative surfaces of outer yoke 4, may be used without other connected mode, or adopt material one piece complete that with outer yoke 4 overall processing, inner yoke 3 is become a part in actual implementation process。The two ends of two outer yokes 4 are respectively adopted screw with two end yokes 5 and are rigidly connected。Permanent magnet 1 forms closed magnetic circuit by closed magnetic yoke structure, produces the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness in air gap 7。
Static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is fixed on framework 19 in the way of the support of two ends by two guide support 21, and is positioned at the top of electromagnetic drive structures 13, and the axis of guide rail 23 is parallel to each other with the axis of electromagnetic drive structures 13。Guide rail 23 is T-shaped guide rail, and length is 2 meters, and sliding sleeve 24 is sleeved on guide rail 23 slidably, is lubricated mutually and carrying by static pressure air-bearing effect therebetween。Workbench 15 adopts screw to be fixed on the upper surface of sliding sleeve 24, and upper cover plate 20 has two elongated slits 26, and the length of slit 26 is 1.4 meters, and sliding sleeve 24 adopts screw to be rigidly connected by sliding sleeve connector 25, traverse slit 26 with coil rack 6。
The effect of pedestal 16 is to provide integral installation basis and the framework of calibration console。Upper cover plate 20 is between static pressure air-float guide rail 14 and electromagnetic drive structures 13。Electromagnetic drive structures 13 is arranged on the inside of framework 19, two guide support 21 adopt screw to be fixed on framework 19 two ends upper surface, framework 19 and lower rebound 18, base plate 17 adopt screw to be rigidly connected and are fixed together, the middle part of lower rebound 18 is provided with rectangular aperture 22, yoke installing frame 10 is fixed on the upper surface of base plate 17 through rectangular aperture 22, thus central magnetic yoke 2 is fixed in the way of the support of two ends,, mechanical interference will not be there is with base plate 17 in therefore coil rack 6 and when being around in actuating coil 8 thereon along the axial-movement of central magnetic yoke 2。
In the present embodiment, the magnetic line of force paths traversed of the main magnetic circuit that permanent magnet excitation is formed is as shown in Figure 5。For the first magnetic circuit 11, the magnetic line of force, from the N pole of permanent magnet 1, sequentially passes through central magnetic yoke 3, two outer yokes 4 of 2, two inner yokes and end yoke 5, and the S pole being then return to permanent magnet 1 forms closed magnetic circuit。First magnetic circuit 11 and the second symmetrical form of magnetic circuit 12。
Coil rack 6 adopts 99 aluminium oxide ceramics to make, and cross section is square shape, and the square aperture at center makes coil rack 6 can be sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2。Actuating coil 8 is to adopt insulated copper enamel-covered wire to be wound at coil rack 6 outer surface, and cross section is also square shape, and winding thickness is 5mm, and logical maximum current density is 5A/mm2。After electromagnetic vibration generator system electromagnetic drive structures has assembled, coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 have two limits to be arranged in air gap 7。During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, control signal is after power amplifier amplifies, output virtual value is up to the power current of tens A and is loaded in actuating coil 8, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, in magnetic field, the actuating coil 8 of energising is subject to horizontal direction Lorentz force effect, thus exporting accurate controlled electromagnetic actuation force, can the size and Orientation of accurate control electromagnetic actuation force by controlling the alive size and Orientation of institute。If control signal adopts the standard sine signal of telecommunication, actuating coil 8 and coil rack 6, by producing standard sine vibration under the effect of electromagnetic actuation force vertically, are calibrated for low-frequency vibration。
During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, complementary field can be produced after actuating coil 8 loading current, this magnetic field can affect the distribution of the main field that permanent magnet 1 produces, and this phenomenon is called that armature-reaction, armature-reaction are the principal elements of the waveform distortion affecting the vibration of electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard。The present invention is provided with bucking coil 27 in central magnetic yoke 2, and bucking coil 27 is to adopt insulated copper enamel-covered wire to be wound at central magnetic yoke 2 outer surface, and cross section is also square shape, and thickness is 1.5mm, and logical maximum current density is 4A/mm2The electric current led in bucking coil 27 is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil 8, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio, the complementary field that actuating coil 8 produces can be carried out synchronized tracking compensation by the produced magnetic field that compensates of bucking coil 27, can be effectively improved the armature-reaction impact on the waveform distortion that electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard vibrates。
An embodiment of the deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 6 and Fig. 8。Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 5。Deep trench 28 is arranged on two inner yoke 3 surfaces adjacent with air gap 7, and in figure, deep trench 28 is processed along the short transverse of inner yoke 3, and along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7。In the present embodiment, the cross section of deep trench 28 is rectangle, and its width is 1mm, and the degree of depth going deep into inner yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the adjacent distance between two deep trench 28 is 10mm。Theory all shows with simulation analysis and experimental result, and in the present invention, the array micro structure of deep trench form can effectively suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduces eddy-current loss。
Another embodiment of the deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 7。Fig. 7 is also the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 5。In the present embodiment, the cross section of deep trench 28 is profile of tooth, and its tooth root width is 1mm, and crown gos deep into and the degree of depth on inner yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the adjacent distance between two deep trench 28 is 10mm。
An embodiment of permanent magnet installing frame is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 9, Figure 10。In the present embodiment, permanent magnet installing frame 9 adopts ceramic material to make, cross section is square shape, its thickness vertically is equal with permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet 1 is assemblied in the inside of permanent magnet installing frame 9 with bonding way, then permanent magnet installing frame 9 is fixed by screws in through the rectangular aperture 22 on lower rebound 18 upper surface of base plate 17, it is achieved the installation of permanent magnet 1 is fixed。In actual implementation process, it is also possible to permanent magnet installing frame 9 is fixed on other parts。First completing the assembling of other part in assembling process, the assembly then permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet installing frame 9 constituted is overall pushes designated mounting position along the space between central magnetic yoke 2 and end yoke 5, finally carries out permanent magnet installing frame 9 installing and fixes。The mounting means adopting the present invention can be substantially reduced the assembly difficulty of permanent magnet, solves a difficult problem for strong permanent magnet part assembling。
An embodiment of yoke installing frame is provided below in conjunction with Figure 11。Making coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 be sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 and have longer stroke, long sized central yoke 2 need to carry out installing in the way of the support of two ends fixes。In the present embodiment, yoke installing frame 10 adopts ceramic material to make, cross section is square shape, two yoke installing frames 10 are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and are rigidly connected by screw and central magnetic yoke 2, two yoke installing frames 10 are through the rectangular aperture 22 on lower rebound 18, the upper surface being fixed by screws in base plate 17, thus central magnetic yoke 2 being fixed with two ends supporting way。
Figure 12 gives an embodiment of coil rack。In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 adopts 99 alumina ceramic materials, and cross section is square shape, and wall thickness is 5mm, and the square aperture at its center makes coil rack 6 can be sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2。Actuating coil 8 is uniformly close to be wound on coil rack 6, and the two ends processing of coil rack 6 has small boss, is used for preventing actuating coil 8 from coming off。In actual implementation process, the wall of coil rack 6 can arrange various forms of lightening hole, for alleviating the weight of coil rack 6, reduce the dynamic loading of vibration calibration platform。
Claims (3)
1. the double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that a magnetic field tracking compensates, by pedestal (16), electromagnetic drive structures (13), static pressure air-float guide rail (14) and workbench (15) are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures (13) with static pressure air-float guide rail (14) to be arranged on pedestal (16) in the way of axis is parallel, workbench (15) is arranged in static pressure air-float guide rail (14) upper surface of sliding sleeve (24), it is characterized in that: described pedestal (16) is by base plate (17), lower rebound (18), framework (19), upper cover plate (20) and guide support (21) stacking from bottom to top are installed and are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures (13) is arranged on the upper surface of lower rebound (18), the inside of framework (19), the middle part of lower rebound (18) is provided with rectangular aperture (22), the length of rectangular aperture (22) is more than the range of movement of electromagnetic drive structures (13) coil skeleton (6), static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is arranged on framework (19) in the way of the support of two ends by two guide support (21)；Static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is by guide rail (23), sliding sleeve (24) and sliding sleeve connector (25) are constituted, sliding sleeve (24) is sleeved on guide rail (23) slidably and above and is mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect with guide rail (23), sliding sleeve (24) is rigidly connected by sliding sleeve connector (25) with the coil rack (6) in electromagnetic drive structures (13), two slits (26) of sliding sleeve connector (25) traverse upper cover plate (20), the length of slit (26) is more than the range of movement of coil rack (6)；Electromagnetic drive structures (13) is by the permanent magnet (1) of square-section, central magnetic yoke (2), inner yoke (3), outer yoke (4), the coil rack (6) in end yoke (5) and square shape cross section is constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, the two ends of two outer yokes (4) hold yoke (5) to be rigidly connected with two respectively, constitute square shape magnetic yoke structure, central magnetic yoke (2) is arranged on the long axis of square shape magnetic yoke structure, the length of inner yoke (3) is less than the length of outer yoke (4), two inner yokes (3) are symmetrically mounted on two two relative surfaces of outer yoke (4), and separated by the air gap (7) of two equal in widths with central magnetic yoke (2), two permanent magnets (1) are symmetrically mounted between the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) and two ends yoke (5), and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet (1) respectively with central magnetic yoke (2), the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke (5), coil rack (6) is sleeved in central magnetic yoke (2) slidably, coil rack (6) is wound with actuating coil (8), actuating coil (8) passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, inner yoke (3) surface adjacent with air gap (7) is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench (28) form, deep trench (28) is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap (7), deep trench (28) is processed along the short transverse of inner yoke (3), central magnetic yoke (2) is wound with bucking coil (27), the electric current led in bucking coil (27) is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil (8), Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio。
2. the double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 compensates, it is characterized in that: the mounting means of described permanent magnet (1) is the permanent magnet installing frame (9) adopting two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, permanent magnet (1) adhesive asserably is internal at permanent magnet installing frame (9), by fixed permanent magnet installing frame (9), permanent magnet (1) is fixed；The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke (2) is the yoke installing frame (10) adopting two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installing frames (10) are sleeved on central magnetic yoke (2) two ends and are rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke (2), yoke installing frame (10) is fixed on the upper surface of base plate (17), thus central magnetic yoke (2) being fixed in the way of the support of two ends through the rectangular aperture (22) on lower rebound (18)。
3. the double magnetic circuit two ends symmetry excitation rectangle low-frequency vibration calibration console that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 and 2 compensates, it is characterised in that: described permanent magnet (1) is to adopt multiple fritter permanent magnets to be spliced to form with bonding way。
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| US3816777A (en) * | 1972-12-27 | 1974-06-11 | K Metzgar | Electrodynamic force generator |
| ATE431007T1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2009-05-15 | Custom Sensors & Technologies | LINEAR VOICE COIL ACTUATOR |
| CN100594990C (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2010-03-24 | 浙江大学 | Two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration |
| CN201192679Y (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Electro-magnetism vibration table |
| CN103066727B (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2015-06-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Novel motor cooling and eddy-current confinement structure |
| CN104180841B (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-09-14 | 浙江大学 | A kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table |
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