CN104865030B - The double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking compensates - Google Patents
The double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking compensates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking compensates belongs to vibration measurement technical field；A kind of cylindrical enclosure magnetic field structure design is proposed, two cylindrical permanent magnet are symmetrically mounted on central magnetic yoke two ends and positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two symmetrical closed magnetic circuits are constituted by yoke, air gap produces the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness, the yoke surfaces adjacent with air gap is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench form, can effectively suppress eddy-current loss, central magnetic yoke is provided with bucking coil, institute's galvanization is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude is proportional, the impact of armature-reaction can be carried out synchronized tracking compensation by the compensation magnetic field formed；The present invention can take into account big stroke, highfield uniformity, high thrust and linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, provides the electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme of a kind of high accuracy, big stroke for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vibration calibrating device field, relate generally to the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates。
Background technology
In recent years, Aero-Space, build a bridge, the field such as protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters all proposes low frequency/demand of superlow frequency vibrating calibration。The electromagnetic vibration generator system producing standard vibration signal is by the key equipment of high accuracy vibration calibration。For improving the signal to noise ratio of standard vibration signal, it is ensured that the calibration accuracy of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, it is desirable to electromagnetic vibration generator system, under ensureing the premise of thrust and precision, has stroke big as far as possible。In the design process of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, key therein and difficult point are how to be designed by rational magnetic structure, and by ensureing processing and assembly precision, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and after coil electricity, obtain desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, namely in total travel, the electromagnetic actuation force size of output is directly proportional to the electric current in actuating coil, and it is unrelated with actuating coil location。
The He Wen of Zhejiang University etc. propose a kind of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure technical scheme (1. Zhejiang University, " two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration ", China Patent No.: ZL200710069095.2；2. Zhejiang University, " a kind of electromagnetic vibration generator system ", China Patent No.: ZL200820087256.0；3. Zhejiang University, " there is the vibration table based on linear grating chi feed back control system ", China Patent No.: ZL201110115072.7；4.WenHe, etal. " Closed-Double-MagneticCircuitforaLong-strokeHorizontalEl ectromagneticVibrationExciter ", IEEETransactionsonMagnetics, 2011,49 (8): 4865-4872)。In this technical scheme, magnet (cylinder), central magnetic pole (yoke) and the assembling of tubular outer magnetic pole coaxial line, the same magnetic pole of two magnets is positioned opposite, be arranged on central magnetic pole two ends, magnet center is provided with through hole, non-magnetic bolt is adopted to be fixed, central magnetic pole is coaxially assemblied in inside tubular outer magnetic pole, and tubular mounting coil is arranged in air gap in central magnetic pole。This technical scheme adopts double; two magnet complementary, leakage field is less, magnet utilization rate is high, it is capable of bigger thrust, bigger stroke and relatively low waveform distortion index, is one of domestic open electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme with independent intellectual property right and higher degree of being practical reported。
The Hans-J.vonMartens etc. of German federal physical technique academy (PTB) it is also proposed a kind of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure technical scheme (1.Hans-J.vonMartens, etal, " TraceabilityofVibrationandShockMeasurementsbyLaserInterf erometry ", Measurement, 2000,28:3-20)。This technical scheme adopts cylindrical soft magnetic core, cylindrical permanent-magnet body and cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets is positioned opposite, be arranged on the two ends of cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, soft magnetic core is coaxially assemblied in the inside of soft magnetic tube, closed magnetic circuit is formed by the soft magnetic part at two ends, coil rack and actuating coil are cylindrical shape, and coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke slidably。Adopt the amplitude of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration of this technical scheme up to 1m, coordinate high-performance permanent magnet and yoke material, it may be achieved the key technical indexes such as the oscillation crosswise ratio of higher level, waveform distortion。
The existence of above two technical scheme is disadvantageous in that: 1) cylindrical shape outer yoke need to carry out long inside dimension processing, and processing difficulties, precision is difficult to ensure that；2) when adopting cylindrical permanent magnet, permanent magnet needing processing through hole and is bolted in yoke by non-magnetic, assembling is complicated and magnetic circuit can be produced impact；When adopting cylindrical permanent-magnet body, the sintering of large scale cylindrical permanent-magnet body, process, magnetize and assemble all comparatively difficulty；3) cylindrical shape outer yoke need to be sleeved in central magnetic yoke, as permanent magnet adopts the mode assembled afterwards that first magnetizes, assembles very difficult, and assembly precision is difficult to ensure that；The permanent magnet of AlNiCo material can adopt and first assemble the mode magnetized afterwards, but owing to the permanent magnet coercive force of AlNiCo material is relatively low, the effect that magnetizes is restricted, poor performance, seriously restricts mechanical property and the index of magnetic structure。
The KennethJosephMetzgar etc. of APS company of the U.S. proposes a kind of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure technical scheme (KennethJosephMetzgaretal, " ElectrodynamicForceGenerator ", U.S. Patent number: US3816777)。The magnetic structure of this technical scheme is to be made up of sub-assemblies 4 groups identical, each sub-assemblies is made up of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, linking block (soft magnetic materials), a magnet, linking block separates and connects the thick end of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, form a pincer structure with long air gap, magnet is arranged in air gap and is fixed on a wedge-shaped poles sheet, and magnet can adopt and first assemble the mode magnetized afterwards。After 4 groups of sub-assemblies stackings between two, adopt bolt that the sub-assemblies of two stackings is fixed the pincer structure forming stacking, again the vice jaw part of the pincer structure of two stackings is docked, and adopt the bolt crouched in wedge-shaped poles sheet that docking structure is connected fastening, form complete magnetic structure。Magnetic structure after docking has two long air gaps, and moving-coil (actuating coil) is arranged in air gap。This technical scheme easily realizes high magnetic flux density in air gap, and has carried out more ripe commercialization and popularization。
This technical scheme exists and is disadvantageous in that: 1) whole magnetic structure by multiple structural groupings, be spliced to form, structure is complicated；Fritter permanent magnet need to adopt gluing or alternate manner to be arranged on wedge-shaped poles sheet, assembling complexity, it is difficult to ensure assembly precision；2) in air gap, the static-magnetic induction of a certain position is directly related with the operating point of this place's permanent magnet, and the uniformity of whole air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure that, the material of fritter permanent magnet and the coherence request of technique is higher；3) permanent magnet is directly facing air gap, and its pressure can be magnetized or degaussing by the complementary field produced after actuating coil energising, when passing to larger current in actuating coil, it is easy to make permanent magnet produce irreversible demagnetization；4) during actuating coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, owing to permanent magnet is directly facing air gap, magnetic flux increases the magnetic circuit of side and is easily saturated, the magnetic flux that now coil side increases is fewer than the magnetic flux that opposite side reduces, the average magnetic induction intensity causing coil position reduces, and then makes the standard vibration signal of generation produce distortion。
As previously mentioned, in the design process of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, design difficult point and it is crucial that designed by rational magnetic structure, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and in total travel, the electromagnetic actuation force of output is directly proportional to size of current after making actuating coil energising, and unrelated with actuating coil present position, namely obtain desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity。And prior art all exists various problems and shortcomings part, the linearity index exporting electromagnetic actuation force after the uniformity of the interior static Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of air gap and coil electricity is difficult to there is further lifting。
Key issue therein has 3 points: in (1) long air gap, the uniformity of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution is difficult to ensure that。Before coil electricity, permanent magnet excitation forms the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of main magnetic circuit, and along with the increase of electromagnetic vibration generator system stroke, the non-uniformity of long air gap internal magnetic field becomes very prominent, exports the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force after serious restriction coil electricity；There is research worker to attempt being compensated by adjustment current waveform, but effect is difficult to ensure that, especially that order magnetic field heterogenicity error compensation effect is poor, compensation method that is real effective and that have relatively high practicability is not yet proposed at present both at home and abroad。(2) impact of armature-reaction is produced after actuating coil energising。Producing complementary field after actuating coil energising, couple with main field superposition, produce to increase magnetic or demagnetizing effect to main field, make diverse location in air gap, the especially Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of actuating coil position become uneven, this phenomenon is called armature-reaction。Being affected by armature-reaction, in stroke, various location is when the electric current density that coil is loaded is identical, and the electromagnetic actuation force of output is inconsistent；And be not directly proportional to electric current density in the size of the same position place electromagnetic actuation force of air gap, exist certain non-linear。Armature-reaction is one of key factor of electromagnetic vibration generator system generation waveform distortion, and its impact increases with the increase driving electric current, is the difficult problem in the design of electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure。(3) long yoke is difficult to ensure that with assembling difficulty, precision with the processing of large scale permanent magnet。In the magnetic structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration, long central magnetic yoke need to adopt reasonable manner to fix with two ends supporting way, and for ensureing seriality and the integrity of magnetic structure, the key position that magnetic flux is intensive should avoid the mounting structures such as processing through hole/screwed hole as far as possible；The sintering of large scale permanent magnet, processing and assemble all very difficult, yield rate is low, and permanent magnet is fragile material and expensive, and assembly method and unreasonable structure are easily damaged, and generally should not process the mounting structure of the forms such as through hole on permanent magnet；To obtain bigger electromagnetic actuation force simultaneously, be generally adopted the strong magnetic permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, strong magnetic permanent magnet part assembling process needs to overcome huge magnetic attraction, is a difficult problem of this technical field。
Additionally, in the work process of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration, what pass in actuating coil is that alternation drives electric current, and current amplitude is maximum up to tens amperes, and coil moves back and forth with sinusoidal rule in the axial direction in long air gap。Can in yoke surfaces according to the alternating magnetic field that Theory of Electromagnetic Field, alternating current and coil movement produce, especially adjacent with air gap yoke surfaces can produce current vortex, causes eddy-current loss。Can produce power reaches as high as the thermal losses of a few hectowatt to eddy-current loss on the one hand, and caloric value is surprising, and then brings a series of thermal agitation and thermal deformation problem；The transient field problem that alternating magnetic field and current vortex cause on the other hand, can make the performance indications of reality produce relatively large deviation with the result obtained by traditional design theory and analysis method, have a strong impact on design accuracy and effect。Eddy-current loss is a difficult problem in the design of electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, not yet finds effective solution both at home and abroad at present。
To sum up, restricted by the problems referred to above, the standard low frequency vibration that prior art produces is adopted to be difficult to there is breakthrough again in the indexs such as waveform distortion, it is difficult to meet the high-precision calibration of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the demand of the vibration calibration with very low frequency and ultraprecise feature especially of future generation。Therefore, how by the innovation of the links such as method, structure, material and optimization design, it is proposed to having the electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme of super large stroke, ultralow operating frequency and superhigh precision, the development for vibration measurement technology is significant。One or several in the problems referred to above achieves a solution, and the performance of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration all can be made to be significantly improved, and makes low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating collimation technique obtain substantive breakthroughs。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the problems referred to above existed for prior art, the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates is provided, the present invention has simple in construction, precision is high, big stroke can be taken into account, highfield uniformity, high thrust and linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, can effectively solve prior art Problems existing with not enough, especially there is the characteristic that standard vibration waveform distortion is affected by prominent compensation armature-reaction, thus providing a kind of high accuracy for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration, the electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure of big stroke。
The technical solution of the present invention is:
The double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates, by permanent magnet, central magnetic yoke, long tubular yoke, short cylinder shaped yoke, end yoke, coil rack and actuating coil are constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnet, central magnetic yoke, end yoke is cylinder, long tubular yoke, short cylinder shaped yoke, coil rack is cylindrical shape, permanent magnet, central magnetic yoke, long tubular yoke, short cylinder shaped yoke, end yoke, point-blank, two permanent magnets are symmetrically mounted between central magnetic yoke two ends and two end yokes the axis of coil rack, and positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet respectively with central magnetic yoke, the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke, the internal diameter of two short cylinder shaped yokes is equal with the external diameter of long tubular yoke, and one end of two short cylinder shaped yokes holds yoke to be rigidly connected with two respectively, other end symmetry is sleeved on long tubular yoke two ends and is rigidly connected with long tubular yoke, and long tubular yoke coaxial package is in central magnetic yoke, and and central magnetic yoke between separated by air gap, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke slidably and is arranged in air gap, coil rack is wound with actuating coil, actuating coil passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, the sidewall of long tubular yoke is provided with along its length and cuts open seam, the two ends of coil rack are provided with wing plate, wing plate stretches out from cuing open seam, the inner cylinder face of long tubular yoke is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench form, deep trench is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap, being wound with bucking coil in central magnetic yoke, the electric current led in bucking coil is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio。
The mounting means of described permanent magnet is the permanent magnet installation set adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, permanent magnet is coaxially assemblied in permanent magnet installation set with bonding way internal, is fixed by permanent magnet by fixed permanent magnet installation set；The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke is the yoke installation set adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yokes are installed set be sleeved on central magnetic yoke two ends and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke, by fixing yoke, set is installed and central magnetic yoke is fixed in the way of the support of two ends。
The described number cuing open seam is 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of long tubular yoke。
Described permanent magnet is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in the way of bonding。
The technological innovation of the present invention and the good result of generation are in that:
(1) magnetic structure of the present invention is simple, and parts machining and assembly difficulty are low；The mode first magnetizing owing to permanent magnet can adopt, assembling afterwards, therefore can adopt the high-performance permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, thus obtaining high gap density and big electromagnetic actuation force；Solve part in prior art to be difficult to process, the problems such as permanent magnet assembling is difficult,Higher long gas can be realized The uniformity index of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution in gap。This is one of present invention innovative point being different from prior art。
(2) present invention arranges the concrete of magnetic circuit, and permanent magnet produces the pressure of complementary field and fills/demagnetizing effect be not not subject to actuating coil energising directly facing air gap after；During actuating coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, and the effect that magnetic flux increases and reduces is cancelled out each other, and makes the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position be held essentially constant, thus comparatively ideal linear electromagnetic driving force specislity can be realized；Solve permanent magnet in prior art and, directly facing air gap, when actuating coil passes to big electric current, easily produce the problems such as irreversible demagnetization, the poor linearity of output electromagnetic actuation force,Realize higher output electromagnetism The linearity index of driving force。This is that the present invention is different from the two of the innovative point of prior art。
(3) present invention adopts yoke installation set reliably to install fixing in the way of the support of two ends to long central magnetic yoke；And adopt permanent magnet that set is installed to carry out installing fixing to permanent magnet, by permanent magnet adhesive asserably after permanent magnet installs set inside, it is possible to integrally load designated mounting position, reduce the assembly difficulty of permanent magnet；Solve long sized central yoke and fragile material permanent magnet zero Part reliably installs a difficult problem for fixing and strong magnetic permanent magnet part assembling。This is that the present invention is different from the three of the innovative point of prior art。
(4) present invention is on the inner cylinder face of the long tubular yoke adjacent with air gap, array micro structure along gas length direction periodic arrangement deep trench form, theory all shows with simulation analysis and experimental result, the method can effectively suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduce the impact of eddy-current loss, both thermal agitation, thermal deformation problem that eddy-current loss is brought had been solved, the actual performance index that can make again magnetic structure has higher concordance with Design Theory result, it is achieved higher design accuracy；Solve eddy current A difficult problem for this electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure of loss design。This is that the present invention is different from the four of the innovative point of prior art。
(5) present invention arranges bucking coil in central magnetic yoke, wherein institute's galvanization is contrary with the sense of current loaded in actuating coil, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude is proportional, theoretical research and experimental result all show, generation complementary field after actuating coil energising can be affected the impact of the phenomenon of main magnetic field distribution, i.e. armature-reaction and carry out synchronized tracking compensation by the compensation magnetic field that bucking coil is formed；Can realizing the linear electromagnetic driving force specislity of approximate ideal, efficiently solving armature-reaction affects electromagnetic vibration generator system output The problem of standard vibration waveform distortion。This is that the present invention distinguishes the five of the innovative point of prior art。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking compensates；
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking compensates；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnet pole arrangement and main magnetic circuit；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face；
Fig. 6 is the array micro structure schematic diagram of deep trench form on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face；
Fig. 7 adopts permanent magnet installation set, yoke to install set permanent magnet and central magnetic yoke are installed the schematic diagram fixed；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that permanent magnet installs set；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that yoke installs set；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of one embodiment of coil rack；
Figure 11 is the structural representation of another embodiment of coil rack。
In figure, piece number illustrates: 1 permanent magnet, 2 central magnetic yoke, 3 long tubular yokes, 4 short cylinder shaped yokes, 5 end yokes, 6 coil racks, 7 air gaps, 8 actuating coils, 9 permanent magnets install set, 10 yokes are installed sets, 11 first magnetic circuits, 12 second magnetic circuits, 13 deep trench, 14 wing plates, 15 cutd open seam, 27 bucking coils。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, and provides embodiment。
The double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates, by permanent magnet 1, central magnetic yoke 2, long tubular yoke 3, short cylinder shaped yoke 4, end yoke 5, coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 are constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnet 1, central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5 is cylinder, long tubular yoke 3, short cylinder shaped yoke 4, coil rack 6 is cylindrical shape, permanent magnet 1, central magnetic yoke 2, long tubular yoke 3, short cylinder shaped yoke 4, end yoke 5, point-blank, two permanent magnets 1 are symmetrically mounted between central magnetic yoke 2 two ends and two end yokes 5 axis of coil rack 6, and positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet 1 respectively with central magnetic yoke 2, the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke 5, the internal diameter of two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 is equal with the external diameter of long tubular yoke 3, and one end of two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 holds yoke 5 to be rigidly connected with two respectively, other end symmetry is sleeved on long tubular yoke 3 two ends and is rigidly connected with long tubular yoke 3, and long tubular yoke 3 coaxial package is in central magnetic yoke 2, and and central magnetic yoke 2 between separated by air gap 7, coil rack 6 is sleeved on slidably and is arranged in air gap 7 in central magnetic yoke 2, coil rack 6 is wound with actuating coil 8, actuating coil 8 passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, the sidewall of long tubular yoke 3 is provided with along its length and cuts open seam 15, the two ends of coil rack 6 are provided with wing plate 14, wing plate 14 from cut open seam 15 stretch out, the inner cylinder face of long tubular yoke 3 is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench 13 form, deep trench 13 is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7, being wound with bucking coil 27 in central magnetic yoke 2, the electric current led in bucking coil 27 is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil 8, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio。
The mounting means of described permanent magnet 1 is the permanent magnet installation set 9 of two cylindrical shapes of employing, non-magnet_conductible material, permanent magnet 1 is coaxially assemblied in bonding way permanent magnet and installs set 9 inside, overlap 9 by fixed permanent magnet installation and fixed by permanent magnet 1；The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke 2 is the yoke installation set 10 adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yokes are installed set 10 be sleeved on central magnetic yoke 2 two ends and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke 2, by fixing yoke, set 10 is installed and central magnetic yoke 2 is fixed in the way of the support of two ends。
The described number cuing open seam 15 is 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of long tubular yoke 3。
Described permanent magnet 1 is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in the way of bonding。
One embodiment of the present of invention is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 3。In the present embodiment, the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking compensates is for producing the standard low frequency vibration of horizontal direction。Permanent magnet 1 is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of NdFeB material, and the residual magnetization of the NdFeB material adopted is 1.17T, and coercivity is 890kA/m, and the N of two permanent magnets 1 is extremely positioned opposite, is symmetrically mounted between the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and two end yokes 5。Central magnetic yoke 2,3, two short cylinder shaped yokes of long tubular yoke 4, two end yoke 5 all adopts high magnetic permeability electrical pure iron material DT4C to make, and maximum relative permeability can reach 12000, and saturation flux amount is 2.5T。2, two permanent magnets of central magnetic yoke 1, two end yoke 5 is cylinder, 3, two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 of long tubular yoke and coil rack 6 are cylindrical shape, and two permanent magnets 1, central magnetic yoke 2,3, two short cylinder shaped yokes of long tubular yoke 4, two end yoke 5, coil racks 6 coaxially assemble。Being separated by air gap 7 between central magnetic yoke 2 and long tubular yoke 3, air gap 7 thickness is 15mm。Long tubular yoke 3 and two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 are respectively adopted screw and are rigidly connected, and may be used without other connected mode, or adopt one piece of complete material that with two short cylinder shaped yoke 4 overall processing, long tubular yoke 3 is become a part in implementation process。One end of two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 is respectively adopted screw with two end yokes 5 and is rigidly connected。Two permanent magnets 1 form two symmetrical closed magnetic circuits by closed magnetic yoke structure, produce the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness in air gap 7。In the present embodiment, long tubular yoke 3 sidewall being provided with along its length and cuts open seam 15, number is 2, and 2 are cutd open seam 15 diameter distribution。
In the present embodiment, the magnetic line of force paths traversed of the formed main magnetic circuit of permanent magnet excitation is as shown in Figure 3。For the first magnetic circuit 11, the magnetic line of force, from the N pole of permanent magnet 1, sequentially passes through central magnetic yoke 2, long tubular yoke 3, short cylinder shaped yoke 4 and end yoke 5, and the S pole being then return to permanent magnet 1 forms closed magnetic circuit。First magnetic circuit 11 and the second symmetrical form of magnetic circuit 12。
Coil rack 6 adopts 99 aluminium oxide ceramics to make, and generally cylindrical shape is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably。Actuating coil 8 is to adopt insulated copper enamel-covered wire to be wound at coil rack 6 outer surface, and its entirety also becomes cylindrical shape, and thickness is 5mm, and logical maximum current density is 5A/mm2。After electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure has assembled, coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 are arranged in air gap 7。During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, control signal is after power amplifier amplifies, output virtual value is up to the power current of tens A and is loaded in actuating coil 8, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, in magnetic field, the actuating coil 8 of energising is subject to horizontal direction Lorentz force effect, thus exporting accurate controlled electromagnetic actuation force。Can the size and Orientation of accurate control electromagnetic actuation force by controlling the alive size and Orientation of institute。If control signal adopts the standard sine signal of telecommunication, actuating coil 8 and coil rack 6 will produce standard low frequency sinusoidal vibration vertically under electromagnetic actuation force effect。
During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, complementary field can be produced after actuating coil 8 loading current, this complementary field can affect the Distribution of Magnetic Field of the main magnetic circuit that permanent magnet 1 excitation produces, and this phenomenon is called that armature-reaction, armature-reaction are the principal elements of the waveform distortion affecting the vibration of electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard。The present invention is wound with bucking coil 27 in central magnetic yoke 2, and bucking coil 27 is to adopt insulated copper enamel-covered wire to be wound at central magnetic yoke 2 outer surface, and overall one-tenth cylindrical shape, thickness is 1.5mm, and logical maximum current density is 4A/mm2The electric current led in bucking coil 27 is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil 8, Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio, the complementary field that actuating coil 8 produces can be carried out synchronized tracking compensation by the produced magnetic field that compensates of bucking coil 27, can be effectively improved the armature-reaction impact on the waveform distortion that electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard vibrates。
An embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 4 and Fig. 6。Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3, and Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of long tubular yoke 3。Deep trench 13 is distributed on the inner cylinder face of the long tubular yoke 3 adjacent with air gap, and in figure, deep trench 13 is processed along the circumferencial direction of long tubular yoke 3, and along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7。In the present embodiment, deep trench 13 is rectangle groove, and its width is 1mm, and the degree of depth going deep into long tubular yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the adjacent distance between two deep trench 13 is 10mm。Theoretical with simulation analysis and test result indicate that, in the present invention, the array micro structure of deep trench form can effectively suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduces eddy-current loss。
Another embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 5。Fig. 5 is also the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 3。In the present embodiment, deep trench 13 is profile of tooth groove, and its tooth root width is 1mm, and it is 10mm that crown gos deep into the degree of depth on long tubular yoke 3 surface, and the adjacent distance between two deep trench 13 is 10mm。
Provide permanent magnet below in conjunction with Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and one embodiment of set is installed。In the present embodiment, permanent magnet is installed set 9 employing ceramic material and is made, generally cylindrical shape, its thickness vertically is equal with permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet 1 is coaxially assemblied in permanent magnet and installs set 9 inside with bonding way, then permanent magnet installation set 9 is threaded connection and is fixed in end yoke 5 or short cylinder shaped yoke 4, it is achieved the installation of permanent magnet 1 is fixed。Assembling process first completes the assembling of other part, then under the cooperation of assembly tooling, permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet are installed the assemblies of set 9 composition with magnetic pole relatively, overall equipped, finally permanent magnet is installed set 9 and carries out installing fixing。The mounting means adopting the present invention reduces the assembly difficulty of permanent magnet。
Provide yoke below in conjunction with Fig. 9 and one embodiment of set is installed。Making coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 be sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 and have longer stroke, long sized central yoke 2 must carry out installing in the way of the support of two ends fixes。In the present embodiment, yoke is installed set 10 employing ceramic material and is made, generally cylindrical shape, and two yokes are installed set 10 and are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and are rigidly connected by screw and central magnetic yoke 2, two yokes are installed has screwed hole on set 10, is rigidly fixed in long tubular yoke 3 by screw。
Figure 10 gives an embodiment of coil rack。In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 adopts 99 alumina ceramic materials, generally cylindrical shape, and wall thickness is 5mm, and coil rack 6 is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably。Actuating coil 8 is uniformly close to be wound on coil rack 6, and the two ends processing of coil rack 6 has small boss, is used for preventing actuating coil 8 from coming off。In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 two ends diameter 4 wing plates 14 of distribution, wing plate 14 cuts open in seam 15 from two long tubular yoke 3 sidewall and stretches out, and coil rack 6 is connected with the moving component (the air supporting set such as air-float guide rail) of electromagnetic vibration generator system by wing plate 14。
Figure 11 gives another embodiment of coil rack。In the present embodiment, the thin-walled of coil rack 6 is provided with lightening hole, and for alleviating the weight of coil rack 6, lightening hole is the small sircle hole that gathers, and is uniformly distributed along thin-walled surrounding。Actual implementation process may be used without the lightening hole of other form such as oblong aperture, small square hole。
Claims (4)
1. the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that a magnetic field tracking compensates, by permanent magnet (1), central magnetic yoke (2), long tubular yoke (3), short cylinder shaped yoke (4), end yoke (5), coil rack (6) and actuating coil (8) are constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, it is characterized in that: permanent magnet (1), central magnetic yoke (2), end yoke (5) is cylinder, long tubular yoke (3), short cylinder shaped yoke (4), coil rack (6) is cylindrical shape, permanent magnet (1), central magnetic yoke (2), long tubular yoke (3), short cylinder shaped yoke (4), end yoke (5), the axis of coil rack (6) is point-blank, two permanent magnets (1) are symmetrically mounted between central magnetic yoke (2) two ends and two ends yoke (5), and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet (1) respectively with central magnetic yoke (2), the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke (5), the internal diameter of two short cylinder shaped yokes (4) is equal with the external diameter of long tubular yoke (3), one end of two short cylinder shaped yokes (4) holds yoke (5) to be rigidly connected with two respectively, other end symmetry is sleeved on long tubular yoke (3) two ends and is rigidly connected with long tubular yoke (3), long tubular yoke (3) coaxial package is in central magnetic yoke (2), and and central magnetic yoke (2) between separated by air gap (7), coil rack (6) is sleeved on central magnetic yoke (2) slidably and is above arranged in air gap (7), coil rack (6) is wound with actuating coil (8), actuating coil (8) passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, the sidewall of long tubular yoke (3) is provided with along its length and cuts open seam (15), the two ends of coil rack (6) are provided with wing plate (14), wing plate (14) stretches out from cuing open seam (15), the inner cylinder face of long tubular yoke (3) is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench (13) form, deep trench (13) is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap (7), deep trench (13) is processed along the circumferencial direction of long tubular yoke (3), central magnetic yoke (2) is wound with bucking coil (27), the electric current led in bucking coil (27) is contrary with the sense of current in actuating coil (8), Phase synchronization is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio。
2. the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 compensates, it is characterized in that: the mounting means of described permanent magnet (1) is permanent magnet installation set (9) adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, permanent magnet (1) is coaxially assemblied in bonding way permanent magnet set (9) inside is installed, by fixed permanent magnet, set (9) is installed and permanent magnet (1) is fixed；The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke (2) is yoke installation set (10) adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yokes are installed set (10) be sleeved on central magnetic yoke (2) two ends and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke (2), by fixing yoke, set (10) is installed and central magnetic yoke (2) is fixed in the way of the support of two ends。
3. the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 and 2 compensates, it is characterized in that: described in cut open the number of seam (15) be 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of long tubular yoke (3)。
4. the double magnetic circuit symmetry excitation cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 and 2 compensates, it is characterised in that: described permanent magnet (1) is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in the way of bonding。
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| CN100594990C (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2010-03-24 | 浙江大学 | Two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration |
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