CN104848937B - The cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that magnetic field tracking compensates - Google Patents
The cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that magnetic field tracking compensates Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Two permanent magnetism pipe two ends cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of symmetrical excitation that magnetic field tracking compensates belongs to vibration measurement technical field, the design of a kind of cylindrical enclosure magnetic field structure is proposed, two cylindrical permanent-magnet pipe symmetries are arranged on electromagnetic drive structures two ends and positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two symmetrical closed magnetic circuits are formed by yoke, the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is produced in air gap, the yoke surfaces adjacent with air gap is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench form, effective suppression eddy current loss, central magnetic yoke is provided with compensating coil, form compensating field and synchronized tracking compensation is carried out on the impact of armature reaction, organically blend with static pressure air-bearing guiding technique and design, obtain outstanding Electromagnetic Drive mechanics performance and high motion guide precision simultaneously, the present invention can take into account Long Distances, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision, for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration provides the high-performance low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme of a kind of high precision, Long Distances.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vibration calibrating device field, relate generally to the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates.
Background technology
The vibration calibration platform producing standard vibration signal is the nucleus equipment realizing high precision vibration calibration, and high precision vibration calibration platform generally all adopts electromagnetic vibration generator system form.In recent years, Aero-Space, build a bridge, the field such as protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters all proposes low frequency/demand of superlow frequency vibrating calibration.For improving the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of standard vibration signal, ensureing the calibration accuracy of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, requiring that vibration calibration platform is under the prerequisite ensureing thrust and precision, has stroke large as far as possible.In the design process of Long Distances vibration calibration platform, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, key wherein and difficult point are how by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, and by ensureing processing and assembly precision, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and the electromagnetic actuation force size exported in total travel after making coil electricity is directly proportional to the electric current in working coil, and have nothing to do with the position residing for working coil, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained.
The He Wen of Zhejiang University etc. propose a kind of Long Distances vibration calibration platform technical scheme (1. Zhejiang University, " two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration ", China Patent No.: ZL200710069095.2; 2. Zhejiang University, " a kind of electromagnetic vibration generator system ", China Patent No.: ZL200820087256.0; 3. Zhejiang University, " there is the shaking table based on linear grating chi feed back control system ", China Patent No.: ZL201110115072.7; 4.WenHe, etal. " Closed-Double-MagneticCircuitforaLong-strokeHorizontalEl ectromagneticVibrationExciter ", IEEETransactionsonMagnetics, 2011,49 (8): 4865-4872).In this technical scheme, cylindrical magnet, central magnetic pole (yoke) and tubular outer magnetic pole coaxial cable assemble, the same magnetic pole of two magnets relatively, be arranged on central magnetic pole two ends, magnet center is provided with through hole, non-magnetic bolt is adopted to be fixed, it is inner that central magnetic pole is coaxially assemblied in tubular outer magnetic pole, tubular mounting coil is arranged in air gap in central magnetic pole, coil is fixedly connected with air supporting cover and is led by air-float guide rail, stressed and produce motion in magnetic field after coil electricity, produce standard vibration signal.This technical scheme adopts two magnet complementary, leakage field is less, magnet utilization factor is high, can realize larger thrust, larger stroke and lower waveform distortion index, is one of vibration calibration platform technical scheme with independent intellectual property right and higher degree of being practical of domestic open report.
The Hans-J.vonMartens etc. of German federal physical technique research institute (PTB) it is also proposed a kind of Long Distances vibration calibration platform technical scheme (1.Hans-J.vonMartens, etal, " TraceabilityofVibrationandShockMeasurementsbyLaserInterf erometry ", Measurement, 2000,28:3-20).This technical scheme adopts cylindrical soft magnetic core, cylindrical permanent-magnet body and cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets relatively, be arranged on the two ends of cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, soft magnetic core is coaxially assemblied in the inside of soft magnetic tube, closed magnetic circuit is formed by the soft magnetic part at two ends, coil rack and working coil are cylindrical shape, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke, and is fixedly connected with air supporting moving component, is led by air-float guide rail.Adopt the amplitude of the Long Distances vibration calibration platform of this technical scheme comparatively large, coordinate high-performance permanent magnet and yoke material, the technical indicator such as transverse vibration ratio, waveform distortion of higher level can be realized.
The weak point that above-mentioned two kinds of technical schemes exist is: 1) cylindrical shape outer yoke need carry out long inside dimension processing, processing difficulties, and precision is difficult to ensure; 2) when adopting cylindrical permanent magnet, permanent magnet need processing through hole and be bolted in yoke by non-magnetic, assemble complicated and can have an impact to magnetic circuit; When adopting cylindrical permanent-magnet body, the sintering of large scale cylindrical permanent-magnet body, process, magnetize and assemble all comparatively difficulty; 3) cylindrical shape outer yoke need be sleeved in central magnetic yoke, as permanent magnet adopts the mode of assembling afterwards that first magnetizes, assembles very difficult, and assembly precision is difficult to ensure; As adopted the permanent magnet of AlNiCo material, the mode of first assembling and magnetizing afterwards can be adopted, but due to AlNiCo material permanent magnet coercive force lower, poor performance, serious restriction mechanical property and index.
The KennethJosephMetzgar etc. of APS company of the U.S. it is also proposed a kind of Long Distances vibration calibration platform technical scheme (KennethJosephMetzgaretal, " ElectrodynamicForceGenerator ", U.S. Patent number: US3816777).In this technical scheme electromagnetic drive structures is made up of 4 groups of identical sub-assemblies, each sub-assemblies is made up of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, linking block (soft magnetic material), a magnet, be connected block separate and connect the thick end of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, form the pincer structure that has long air gap, magnet to be arranged in air gap and to be fixed on a wedge-shaped poles sheet surface, and magnet can adopt the mode of first assembling and magnetizing afterwards.After 4 groups of sub-assemblies are stacked between two, adopt bolt that two stacked sub-assemblies are fixed formation two mutually isostructural parts, again the vice jaw part of these two parts is docked, and adopt the bolt crouched in wedge-shaped poles sheet to be connected by docking structure fastening, form complete electromagnetic drive structures.Electromagnetic drive structures after docking has two long air gaps, and moving-coil (working coil) is arranged in air gap, and is led by bearing and bearing rod in the axial direction.This technical scheme easily realizes high magnetic flux density in air gap, and has carried out more ripe commercialization and popularization.
This technical scheme exist weak point be: 1) electromagnetic drive structures by multiple textural association, be spliced to form, complex structure; Fritter permanent magnet need adopt gluing or alternate manner to be arranged on wedge-shaped poles sheet, and assembling is complicated, is difficult to ensure assembly precision; 2) in air gap, the static-magnetic induction of a certain position is directly related with the working point of this place's permanent magnet, and the homogeneity of whole air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure, higher to the coherence request of the materials and process of fritter permanent magnet; 3) permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap, and the complementary field produced after working coil energising can produce pressure to it and magnetize or demagnetizing effect, when passing to larger current in working coil, easily makes permanent magnet produce irreversible demagnetization; 4) during working coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, because permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap, the magnetic circuit that magnetic flux increases side is easily saturated, the magnetic flux that the magnetic flux that now coil side increases reduces than opposite side is few, cause the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position to reduce, and then make the standard vibration signal of generation produce waveform distortion.
As previously mentioned, in the design process of Long Distances vibration calibration platform, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, difficult point and the key of design are by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and the electromagnetic actuation force exported in total travel after making working coil be energized is directly proportional to size of current, and have nothing to do with the position residing for working coil, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained.And prior art all exists various problems and shortcomings, the linearity index exporting electromagnetic actuation force in air gap after the homogeneity of static Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, coil electricity has been difficult to further lifting.Key issue wherein has 3 points:
(1)
in long air gap, the homogeneity of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution is difficult to ensure.Before coil electricity, permanent magnet excitation forms stable main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, and along with the increase of vibration calibration platform stroke, the homogeneity of long air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure, exports the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force after directly affecting coil electricity; Have researchist to attempt compensating by adjusting current waveform, but effect is difficult to ensure, especially not good enough to order magnetic field heterogenicity error compensation effect, not yet propose effectively both at home and abroad at present and the compensation method had compared with high practicability.
(2)
armature reaction restriction after working coil energising exports the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force and exports the degree of distortion of vibrational waveform index.Complementary field can be produced after working coil energising, this complementary field superposes with main field and is coupled, produce main field and increase magnetic or demagnetizing effect, make diverse location in air gap, the especially Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of working coil position become uneven, this phenomenon is called armature reaction.Affect by armature reaction, in stroke, diverse location is when added by coil, live current density is identical, and the electromagnetic actuation force of output is inconsistent; And be not directly proportional to current density in the size of same position electromagnetic actuation force, exist certain non-linear.Armature reaction is that vibration calibration platform exports one of key factor of vibrational waveform generation degree of distortion, and its impact increases with the increase of drive current, is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform.
(3)
long yoke and large scale permanent magnet are processed and are difficult to ensure with assembling difficulty, precision.In Long Distances vibration calibration platform, long central magnetic yoke need adopt reasonable manner to fix with two ends supporting way, and for ensureing continuity and the integrality of magnetic flux, the key position that magnetic flux is intensive should avoid the mounting structures such as processing through hole/threaded hole as far as possible; The sintering of large scale permanent magnet, processing are all very difficult with assembling, and yield rate is very low, and permanent magnet is hard brittle material and expensive, and assembly method and unreasonable structure easily cause damage, generally should not process the mounting structure of the forms such as through hole on permanent magnet; Will obtain larger electromagnetic actuation force, the general strong magnetic permanent magnet adopting the materials such as NdFeB, needing to overcome huge magnetic attraction in strong magnetic permanent magnet Assembly of the parts process, is a difficult problem of the art simultaneously.
In addition,
eddy current loss is also the difficult problem affecting vibration calibration platform precision and performance.When vibration calibration platform works, what pass in working coil is alternation drive current, current amplitude is maximum reaches tens amperes, coil in long air gap in the axial direction with sinusoidal rule to-and-fro movement, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the alternating magnetic field that exchange current and coil movement produce can in yoke surfaces, and especially adjacent with air gap yoke surfaces can produce current vortex, causes eddy current loss.Eddy current loss can produce the thermal losses that power reaches as high as a few hectowatt on the one hand, and thermal value is surprising, and then brings a series of thermal perturbation and thermal deformation problem; The transient field problem that another aspect alternating magnetic field and current vortex cause, the result that actual performance index can be made relatively to obtain by traditional design theory, analytical approach produces relatively large deviation, has a strong impact on design accuracy and effect.Eddy current loss is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform, not yet finds effective solution both at home and abroad at present.
To sum up, restrict by the problems referred to above, the standard low frequency vibration difficulty in the indexs such as waveform distortion adopting prior art to produce has further breakthrough, is difficult to the high-precision calibration meeting low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the demand with the vibration calibration of very low frequency (VLF) and ultraprecise feature especially of future generation.Therefore, how to pass through the innovation of the links such as method, structure, material and optimal design, propose the vibration calibration platform technical scheme with super large stroke, ultralow frequency of operation and superhigh precision, the development for vibration measurement technology has great importance.One or several in the problems referred to above achieves a solution, and the performance of Long Distances vibration calibration platform all can be made to be significantly improved, and makes low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating collimation technique obtain substantive breakthroughs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for prior art Problems existing, the symmetrical excitation in the two permanent magnetism pipe two ends cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme providing a kind of magnetic field tracking to compensate, the present invention is by Electromagnetic Design and the innovation of structural design and the effective integration of Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique, Long Distances can be taken into account, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision, effectively can solve prior art Problems existing with not enough, especially there is outstanding compensation armature reaction on the characteristic of the impact of standard vibration waveform distortion, thus provide a kind of high precision for the calibration of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the superlow frequency vibrating calibration console of Long Distances.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates, by pedestal, electromagnetic drive structures, static pressure air-float guide rail and worktable are formed, electromagnetic drive structures and static pressure air-float guide rail are arranged on pedestal in the mode of axis being parallel, worktable is arranged on the upper surface of sliding sleeve in static pressure air-float guide rail, described pedestal is made up of base plate and support member, two support member symmetries are arranged on the two ends of base plate, the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures and two support members are rigidly connected, the mode that static pressure air-float guide rail is supported with two ends by two support members is fixed, static pressure air-float guide rail is made up of guide rail, sliding sleeve and sliding sleeve web member, sliding sleeve to be sleeved on slidably on guide rail and mutually to be lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect with guide rail, and sliding sleeve is rigidly connected by the wing plate of sliding sleeve web member and electromagnetic drive structures coil skeleton, electromagnetic drive structures is by columniform central magnetic yoke, end yoke and columnar permanent magnetism pipe, long tubular yoke, short cylinder shaped yoke, coil rack is formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnetism pipe, central magnetic yoke, long tubular yoke, short cylinder shaped yoke, end yoke, the axis of coil rack point-blank, the two ends of central magnetic yoke hold yoke to be rigidly connected with two respectively, two permanent magnetism pipe symmetries are arranged between two end yokes and two short cylinder shaped yokes, and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnetism pipe respectively with end yoke, the corresponding end face close contact of short cylinder shaped yoke, the internal diameter of two short cylinder shaped yokes is equal with the external diameter of long tubular yoke, one end of two short cylinder shaped yokes is connected with two permanent magnetism pipes respectively, other end symmetry is sleeved on the two ends of long tubular yoke and is rigidly connected with long tubular yoke, long tubular yoke coaxial package is in central magnetic yoke, and and separated by air gap between central magnetic yoke, coil rack is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke and is arranged in air gap, coil rack is wound with working coil, accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil, the sidewall of long tubular yoke is provided with along its length and cuts open seam, the two ends of coil rack are provided with wing plate, wing plate stretches out from cuing open seam, the inner cylinder face of long tubular yoke is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench form, deep trench is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap, central magnetic yoke is wound with compensating coil, in compensating coil the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio.
The mounting means of described permanent magnetism pipe is the permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, by cylindrical permanent-magnet pipe coaxial package and adhesive asserably on permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve, by fixing permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve, permanent magnetism pipe is fixed; The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke is the yoke installation sleeve of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installation sleeves are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke and are rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke, by fixing yoke installation sleeve, the mode that central magnetic yoke supports with two ends is fixed.
The described number cuing open seam is 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of long tubular yoke.
Described permanent magnetism pipe is the multiple fritter permanent magnet of employing, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
The good result of technological innovation of the present invention and generation is:
(1) electromagnetic drive structures simplicity of design of the present invention, parts machining and assembly difficulty low, easily ensure high processing and assembly precision; First magnetize because permanent magnetism pipe can adopt, the mode of rear assembling, therefore can adopt the high-performance permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, thus obtain high gap density and large electromagnetic actuation force; Solve part in prior art and be difficult to processing, permanent magnet assembling difficulty, part processing and assembly precision are difficult to the problems such as guarantee,
higher main magnetic circuit magnetic strength can be obtained in long air gap answer the uniformity index of intensity distributions.This is one of the present invention's innovative point being different from prior art.
(2) the present invention is set up at the concrete cloth of magnetic circuit, and/demagnetizing effect is filled in permanent magnetism pipe produces complementary field pressure after directly not bearing working coil energising in the face of air gap; During working coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, magnetic flux increases and the effect of reduction is cancelled out each other, and the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position is remained unchanged substantially, thus can realize the linear electromagnetic driving force specislity of approximate ideal; Solve permanent magnet in prior art and, directly in the face of air gap, when working coil passes to big current, easily produce irreversible demagnetization, export the problems such as the poor linearity of electromagnetic actuation force;
realize higher output electricity the linearity index of Magnetic driving power.This is the innovative point two that the present invention is different from prior art.
(3) the present invention adopts yoke installation sleeve reliably to install fixing to the mode that long central magnetic yoke supports with two ends, and it is fixing to adopt permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve to carry out installation to permanent magnetism pipe, by after permanent magnetism pipe adhesive asserably is on permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve, can integrally load designated mounting position, reduce the assembly difficulty of permanent magnetism pipe;
solve long sized central yoke and hard brittle material permanent magnet part reliable installation is fixed and the difficult problem of strong magnetic permanent magnet Assembly of the parts.This is the innovative point three that the present invention is different from prior art.
(4) the present invention is on the inner cylinder face of the long tubular yoke adjacent with air gap, along the array microstructure of gas length direction periodic arrangement deep trench form, theory all shows with simulation analysis and experimental result, the method can suppress the generation of current vortex, greatly reduce the impact of eddy current loss, both thermal perturbation that eddy current loss brings, thermal deformation problem had been efficiently solved, the actual performance index of electromagnetic drive structures and Theoretical Design result can be made again to have higher consistance, realize higher design accuracy;
solve a difficult problem for this electromagnetic vibration generator system electromagnetic drive structures of eddy current loss design.This is the innovative point four that the present invention is different from prior art.
(5) the present invention arranges compensating coil in central magnetic yoke, in compensating coil, institute's galvanization is contrary with the direction of current in working coil, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude is proportional, theoretical research and experimental result all show, synchronized tracking compensation can be carried out to the impact producing complementary field after working coil energising and affect main magnetic field distribution, i.e. armature reaction in the compensating field that compensating coil is formed;
the linear electromagnetic driving force specislity of approximate ideal can be realized, efficiently solve armature reaction and electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard is shaken that moves waveform distortion affects problem.This is the innovative point five that the present invention distinguishes prior art.
(6) the present invention is by Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique effective integration, utilize static pressure air-float guide rail without friction, without characteristics such as wearing and tearing, high motion guide precision, outstanding Electromagnetic Drive mechanics characteristic and high motion guide precision can be obtained simultaneously, further ensure the degree of distortion index of vibration calibration platform outputting standard vibrational waveform.This is the innovative point six that the present invention distinguishes prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that magnetic field tracking compensates;
Fig. 2 is the overall schematic of electromagnetic drive structures;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of electromagnetic drive structures;
Fig. 4 is the magnetic pole arrangement of permanent magnetism pipe and the schematic diagram of main magnetic circuit;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the deep trench embodiment on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face;
Fig. 7 is the array microstructure schematic diagram of deep trench form on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face;
Fig. 8 adopts permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve, yoke installation sleeve to install fixing schematic diagram to permanent magnetism pipe and central magnetic yoke;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of yoke installation sleeve;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of a coil rack embodiment;
In figure, piece number illustrates: 1 permanent magnetism pipe, 2 central magnetic yoke, 3 long tubular yokes, 4 short cylinder shaped yokes, 5 end yokes, 6 coil racks, 7 air gaps, 8 working coils, 9 permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeves, 10 yoke installation sleeves, 11 first magnetic circuits, 12 second magnetic circuits, 13 electromagnetic drive structures, 14 static pressure air-float guide rails, 15 worktable, 16 pedestals, 17 base plates, 18 deep trench, 19 wing plates, 20 cut open seam, 21 support members, 23 guide rails, 24 sliding sleeves, 25 sliding sleeve web members, 27 compensating coils.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, and provides embodiment.
The cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates, by pedestal 16, electromagnetic drive structures 13, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 and worktable 15 are formed, electromagnetic drive structures 13 and static pressure air-float guide rail 14 are arranged on pedestal 16 in the mode of axis being parallel, worktable 15 is arranged on the upper surface of sliding sleeve 24 in static pressure air-float guide rail 14, described pedestal 16 is made up of base plate 17 and support member 21, two support member 21 symmetries are arranged on the two ends of base plate 17, the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures 13 and two support members 21 are rigidly connected, the mode that static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is supported with two ends by two support members 21 is fixed, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is made up of guide rail 23, sliding sleeve 24 and sliding sleeve web member 25, sliding sleeve 24 to be sleeved on slidably on guide rail 23 and mutually to be lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect with guide rail 23, and sliding sleeve 24 is rigidly connected by the wing plate 19 of sliding sleeve web member 25 with electromagnetic drive structures 13 coil skeleton 6, electromagnetic drive structures 13 is by columniform central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5 and columnar permanent magnetism pipe 1, long tubular yoke 3, short cylinder shaped yoke 4, coil rack 6 is formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnetism pipe 1, central magnetic yoke 2, long tubular yoke 3, short cylinder shaped yoke 4, end yoke 5, the axis of coil rack 6 point-blank, the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 hold yoke 5 to be rigidly connected with two respectively, two permanent magnetism pipe 1 symmetries are arranged between two end yokes 5 and two short cylinder shaped yokes 4, and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnetism pipe 1 respectively with end yoke 5, the corresponding end face close contact of short cylinder shaped yoke 4, the internal diameter of two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 is equal with the external diameter of long tubular yoke 3, one end of two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 is connected with two permanent magnetism pipes 1 respectively, other end symmetry is sleeved on the two ends of long tubular yoke 3 and is rigidly connected with long tubular yoke 3, long tubular yoke 3 coaxial package is in central magnetic yoke 2, and and separated by air gap 7 between central magnetic yoke 2, coil rack 6 is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2 and is arranged in air gap 7, coil rack 6 is wound with working coil 8, accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil 8, the sidewall of long tubular yoke 3 is provided with along its length and cuts open seam 20, the two ends of coil rack 6 are provided with wing plate 19, wing plate 19 stretches out from cuing open seam 20, the inner cylinder face of long tubular yoke 3 is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench 18 form, deep trench 18 is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7, central magnetic yoke 2 is wound with compensating coil 27, in compensating coil 27 the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil 8, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio.
The mounting means of described permanent magnetism pipe 1 is the permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9 of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, by cylindrical permanent-magnet pipe 1 coaxial package and adhesive asserably on permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9, by fixing permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9, permanent magnetism pipe 1 is fixed; The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke 2 is yoke installation sleeves 10 of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installation sleeves 10 be sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke 2, by fixing yoke installation sleeve 10, the mode that central magnetic yoke 2 supports with two ends being fixed.
The described number cuing open seam 20 is 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of long tubular yoke 3.
Described permanent magnetism pipe 1 is the multiple fritter permanent magnet of employing, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
One embodiment of the present of invention are provided below in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4.In the present embodiment, the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends that magnetic field tracking compensates vibrates for generation of the standard low frequency of horizontal direction, and peak swing is 1.2m.Wherein, the effect of pedestal 16 is to provide integral installation basis and the framework of vibration calibration platform.
In electromagnetic drive structures 13, permanent magnetism pipe 1 is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of NdFeB material, and the residual magnetization of material is 1.17T, and coercive force is 890kA/m, and the N of two permanent magnetism pipes 1 is extremely positioned opposite, and symmetry is arranged between two end yokes 5 and two short cylinder shaped yokes 4.Central magnetic yoke 2, long tubular yoke 3, two short cylinder shaped yokes 4, two end yoke 5 all adopts high magnetic permeability electrical pure iron material DT4C to make, and maximum relative permeability can reach 12000, and saturation flux amount is 2.5T.Central magnetic yoke 2, two end yoke 5 is cylindrical, two permanent magnetism pipes 1, long tubular yoke 3, two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 and coil racks 6 are cylindrical shape, and central magnetic yoke 2, two end yoke 5, two permanent magnetism pipes 1, two short cylinder shaped yokes 4, long tubular yoke 3, coil rack 6 coaxially assemble.Separated by air gap 7 between central magnetic yoke 2 and long tubular yoke 3, air gap 7 thickness is 15mm.Long tubular yoke 3 and two short cylinder shaped yokes 4 adopt screw to be rigidly connected respectively, also can adopt other connected mode in implementation process, or adopt one piece of complete material that long tubular yoke 3 is become a part with two short cylinder shaped yoke 4 overall processing.The two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and two hold yoke 5 to adopt screw to be rigidly connected respectively.Two permanent magnetism pipes 1 form two symmetries by closed magnetic yoke structure and close main magnetic circuit, produce the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness in air gap 7.In the present embodiment, long tubular yoke 3 sidewall is provided with along its length and cuts open seam 20, number is 2, and 2 are cutd open the distribution of seam 20 diameter.
Static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is fixed on pedestal 16 by two support members 21 in the mode that two ends support, the axis of guide rail 23 and the axis of electromagnetic drive structures 13 parallel to each other.Guide rail 23 is T-shaped guide rail, and length is 2 meters, and sliding sleeve 24 is sleeved on guide rail 23 slidably, is lubricated mutually and carrying therebetween by static pressure air-bearing effect.Worktable 15 adopts screw to be fixed on the upper surface of sliding sleeve 24, and sliding sleeve 24 adopts screw to be rigidly connected by sliding sleeve web member 25 and the wing plate 19 on coil rack 6.
In the present embodiment, permanent magnetism pipe excitation formed the magnetic line of force of main magnetic circuit process path as shown in Figure 4.For the first magnetic circuit 11, the magnetic line of force is from the N pole of permanent magnetism pipe 1, and successively through short cylinder shaped yoke 4, long tubular yoke 3, central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5, the S pole then getting back to permanent magnetism pipe 1 forms closed magnetic circuit.First magnetic circuit 11 and the symmetrical form of the second magnetic circuit 12 in figure.
Coil rack 6 adopts 99 aluminium oxide ceramics to make, and entirety is cylindrical shape, is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2.Working coil 8 adopts insulated copper enameled wire to be wound at coil rack 6 outside surface, and its entirety also becomes cylindrical shape, and thickness is 5mm, and logical maximum current density is 5A/mm
2.After electromagnetic vibration generator system electromagnetic drive structures has assembled, coil rack 6 and working coil 8 are arranged in air gap 7.During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, control signal is after power amplifier amplifies, the power current that output effective value is up to tens A is loaded in working coil 8, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the working coil 8 be energized in magnetic field is subject to the effect of horizontal direction Lorentz force, thus exports accurate controlled electromagnetic actuation force.By control alive size and Orientation can the size and Orientation of precise hard_drawn tuhes electromagnetic actuation force.If control signal adopts standard sine electric signal, working coil 8 and coil rack 6 will produce standard sine vertically and vibrate under electromagnetic actuation force effect, calibrate for low-frequency vibration.
During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, complementary field can be produced after working coil 8 loading current, this complementary field can affect the Distribution of Magnetic Field of the main magnetic circuit that permanent magnetism pipe 1 excitation produces, this phenomenon is called armature reaction, and armature reaction causes electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard to vibrate the principal element producing waveform distortion.The present invention is provided with compensating coil 27 in central magnetic yoke 2, and compensating coil 27 adopts insulated copper enameled wire to be wound at central magnetic yoke 2 outside surface, and overall one-tenth cylindrical shape, thickness is 1.5mm, and logical maximum current density is 4A/mm
2in compensating coil 27 the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil 8, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio, synchronized tracking compensation can be carried out to the complementary field that working coil 8 produces in the compensating field that compensating coil 27 produces, and effectively can improve the impact of armature reaction on the waveform distortion that electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard vibrates.
An embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 5 and Fig. 7.Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.Deep trench 18 is distributed on the inner cylinder face of the long tubular yoke 3 adjacent with air gap 7, and in figure, deep trench 18 is processed along the circumferencial direction of long tubular yoke 3, and along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7.In the present embodiment, deep trench 18 is rectangle groove, and its width is 1mm, and the degree of depth going deep into long tubular yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent deep trench 18 is 10mm.Theory shows with simulation analysis and experimental result, and in the present invention, the array microstructure of deep trench form effectively can suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduces eddy current loss.
Another embodiment of deep trench on long tubular yoke inner cylinder face is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 6.Fig. 6 is also the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.In the present embodiment, deep trench 18 is profile of tooth groove, and its tooth root width is 1mm, and the degree of depth that crown gos deep into long tubular yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent deep trench 18 is 10mm.
An embodiment of permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 8, Fig. 9.In the present embodiment, permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9 adopts stupalith to make, entirety is cylindrical shape, its thickness is vertically equal with permanent magnetism pipe 1, permanent magnetism pipe 1 coaxial package is on permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9 and be mounted with bonding way, then permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9 is threaded connection and is fixed in end yoke 5 or short cylinder shaped yoke 4, realize fixing the installation of permanent magnetism pipe 1.First complete the assembling of other part in assembling process, then under the cooperation of assembly tooling, the assembly that permanent magnetism pipe 1, permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9 and the part that is attached thereto are formed is equipped with magnetic pole relative overall, finally installations is carried out to permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve 9 fixing.Mounting means of the present invention is adopted to reduce the assembly difficulty of permanent magnetism pipe.
An embodiment of yoke installation sleeve is provided below in conjunction with Figure 10.Coil rack 6 and working coil 8 are sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 and have longer stroke, it is fixing that the mode that long sized central yoke 2 must support with two ends carry out installations.In the present embodiment, yoke installation sleeve 10 adopts stupalith to make, entirety is cylindrical shape, two yoke installation sleeves 10 are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and are rigidly connected by screw and central magnetic yoke 2, two yoke installation sleeves 10 there is threaded hole, is rigidly fixed in long tubular yoke 3 by screw.
Figure 11 gives an embodiment of coil rack.In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 adopts 99 alumina ceramic materials, and entirety is cylindrical shape, and wall thickness is 5mm, and coil rack 6 is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably.Working coil 8 is evenly close, and around on coil rack 6, the two ends of coil rack 6 are processed with small boss, come off for preventing working coil 8.In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 two ends diameter distributes 4 wing plates 19, and wing plate 19 cuts open in seam 20 from two long tubular yoke 3 sidewall and stretches out, coil rack 6 by wing plate 19 with sliding sleeve web member 25 and then be rigidly connected with sliding sleeve 24.In actual implementation process, the wall of coil rack 6 can being arranged the lightening hole of the forms such as small sircle hole, for alleviating the weight of coil rack 6, reducing the dynamic loading of vibration calibration platform.
Claims (4)
1. the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends of a magnetic field tracking compensation, by pedestal (16), electromagnetic drive structures (13), static pressure air-float guide rail (14) and worktable (15) are formed, electromagnetic drive structures (13) and static pressure air-float guide rail (14) are arranged on pedestal (16) in the mode of axis being parallel, worktable (15) is arranged on the upper surface of sliding sleeve (24) in static pressure air-float guide rail (14), it is characterized in that: described pedestal (16) is made up of base plate (17) and support member (21), two support member (21) symmetries are arranged on the two ends of base plate (17), two ends and two support members (21) of electromagnetic drive structures (13) are rigidly connected, the mode that static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is supported with two ends by two support members (21) is fixed, static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is made up of guide rail (23), sliding sleeve (24) and sliding sleeve web member (25), sliding sleeve (24) is sleeved on guide rail (23) slidably and goes up and mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect with guide rail (23), and sliding sleeve (24) is rigidly connected by the wing plate (19) of sliding sleeve web member (25) with electromagnetic drive structures (13) coil skeleton (6), electromagnetic drive structures (13) is by columniform central magnetic yoke (2), end yoke (5) and columnar permanent magnetism pipe (1), long tubular yoke (3), short cylinder shaped yoke (4), coil rack (6) is formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnetism pipe (1), central magnetic yoke (2), long tubular yoke (3), short cylinder shaped yoke (4), end yoke (5), the axis of coil rack (6) point-blank, the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) hold yoke (5) to be rigidly connected respectively with two, two permanent magnetism pipe (1) symmetries are arranged between two ends yoke (5) and two short cylinder shaped yokes (4), and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnetism pipe (1) respectively with end yoke (5), the corresponding end face close contact of short cylinder shaped yoke (4), the internal diameter of two short cylinder shaped yokes (4) is equal with the external diameter of long tubular yoke (3), one end of two short cylinder shaped yokes (4) is connected with two permanent magnetism pipes (1) respectively, other end symmetry is sleeved on the two ends of long tubular yoke (3) and is rigidly connected with long tubular yoke (3), long tubular yoke (3) coaxial package is in central magnetic yoke (2), and and separated by air gap (7) between central magnetic yoke (2), coil rack (6) is sleeved on central magnetic yoke (2) slidably and is above arranged in air gap (7), coil rack (6) is wound with working coil (8), accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil (8), the sidewall of long tubular yoke (3) is provided with along its length and cuts open seam (20), the two ends of coil rack (6) are provided with wing plate (19), wing plate (19) stretches out from cuing open seam (20), the inner cylinder face of long tubular yoke (3) is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench (18) form, deep trench (18) is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap (7), deep trench (18) is processed along the circumferencial direction of long tubular yoke (3), central magnetic yoke (2) is wound with compensating coil (27), in compensating coil (27) the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil (8), phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio.
2. the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends of magnetic field tracking compensation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mounting means of described permanent magnetism pipe (1) is the permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve (9) of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, by cylindrical permanent-magnet pipe (1) coaxial package and adhesive asserably on permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve (9), by fixing permanent magnetism pipe installation sleeve (9) by permanent magnetism pipe (1) fix; The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke (2) is the yoke installation sleeve (10) of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installation sleeves (10) be sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke (2), by fixing yoke installation sleeve (10), the mode that central magnetic yoke (2) supports with two ends being fixed.
3. the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends of magnetic field tracking compensation according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described in cut open seam (20) number be 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of long tubular yoke (3).
4. the cylindrical low-frequency vibration calibration console of the symmetrical excitation in two permanent magnetism pipe two ends of magnetic field tracking compensation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism pipe (1) is the multiple fritter permanent magnet of employing, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
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| CN112629564B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2023-02-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-acceleration high-precision linear vibration table |
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| JP4137953B2 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2008-08-20 | 有限会社旭製作所 | Permanent magnet type electrodynamic vibration generator |
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| CN101069884A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2007-11-14 | 浙江大学 | Two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration |
| CN201273853Y (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2009-07-15 | 中国地震局工程力学研究所 | Low frequency horizontal large stroke electric vibration platform |
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