CN104849008B - The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe - Google Patents
The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe belongs to vibration measurement technical field；A kind of cylindrical enclosure magnetic field structure design is proposed, permanent magnetism pipe is coaxially assemblied in inside oval tubular outer yoke with bonding way and carries out excitation, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe internal surface magnetic pole is identical, closed magnetic circuit is constituted by yoke, air gap produces the Distribution of Magnetic Field of high evenness, the central magnetic yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench form, can effectively suppress eddy-current loss, organically blend design with static pressure air-bearing guiding technique, obtain prominent Electromagnetic Drive mechanics performance and high motion guide precision simultaneously；The present invention can take into account big stroke, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision, provides the high-performance low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme of a kind of high accuracy, big stroke for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vibration measurement technical field, relate generally to the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of a kind of long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe。
Background technology
In vibration measurement technical field, the vibration calibration platform producing standard vibration signal is the nucleus equipment realizing high accuracy vibration calibration, is also the important equipment constituting country's vibration measurement technical system。The high accuracy generally individually employing electromagnetic vibration generator system form of vibration calibration platform。In recent years, Aero-Space, build a bridge, the field such as protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters all proposes low frequency/demand of superlow frequency vibrating calibration。For improving the signal to noise ratio of standard vibration signal, it is ensured that the calibration accuracy of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, it is desirable to vibration calibration platform, under ensureing the premise of thrust and precision, has stroke big as far as possible。In the design process of big stroke vibration calibration console, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, how key therein and difficult point are by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, and by ensureing processing and assembly precision, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and in total travel, the electromagnetic actuation force size of output is directly proportional to the electric current in actuating coil after making coil electricity, and it is unrelated with actuating coil location, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained。
The He Wen of Zhejiang University etc. propose a kind of big stroke vibration calibration console technical scheme (1. Zhejiang University, " two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration ", China Patent No.: ZL200710069095.2；2. Zhejiang University, " a kind of electromagnetic vibration generator system ", China Patent No.: ZL200820087256.0；3. Zhejiang University, " there is the vibration table based on linear grating chi feed back control system ", China Patent No.: ZL201110115072.7；4.WenHe, etal. " Closed-Double-MagneticCircuitforaLong-strokeHorizontalEl ectromagneticVibrationExciter ", IEEETransactionsonMagnetics, 2011,49 (8): 4865-4872)。In this technical scheme, cylindrical magnet, central magnetic pole (yoke) and the assembling of tubular outer magnetic pole coaxial line, the same magnetic pole of two magnets is relative, be arranged on central magnetic pole two ends, magnet center is provided with through hole, non-magnetic bolt is adopted to be fixed, central magnetic pole is coaxially assemblied in inside tubular outer magnetic pole, tubular mounting coil is arranged in air gap in central magnetic pole, coil is fixed with air supporting set and is connected and is led by air-float guide rail, after coil electricity in magnetic field stress and produce motion, produce standard vibration signal。This technical scheme adopts double; two magnet complementary, leakage field is less, magnet utilization rate is high, it is possible to realize bigger thrust, bigger stroke and relatively low waveform distortion index, is one of domestic open vibration calibration platform technical scheme with independent intellectual property right and higher degree of being practical reported。
The Hans-J.vonMartens etc. of German federal physical technique academy (PTB) it is also proposed a kind of big stroke vibration calibration console technical scheme (1.Hans-J.vonMartens, etal, " TraceabilityofVibrationandShockMeasurementsbyLaserInterf erometry ", Measurement, 2000,28:3-20)。This technical scheme adopts cylindrical soft magnetic core, cylindrical permanent-magnet body and cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets is relative, be arranged on the two ends of cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, soft magnetic core is coaxially assemblied in the inside of soft magnetic tube, closed magnetic circuit is formed by the soft magnetic part at two ends, coil rack and actuating coil are cylindrical shape, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke, and fixing with air supporting moving component is connected, and is led by air-float guide rail。The amplitude adopting the big stroke vibration calibration console of this technical scheme is relatively big, coordinates high-performance permanent magnet and yoke material, it may be achieved the technical specifications such as the oscillation crosswise ratio of higher level, waveform distortion。
The existence of above two technical scheme is disadvantageous in that: 1) cylindrical shape outer yoke need to carry out long inside dimension processing, and processing difficulties, precision is difficult to ensure that；2) when adopting cylindrical permanent magnet, permanent magnet needing processing through hole and is bolted in yoke by non-magnetic, assembling is complicated and magnetic circuit can be produced impact；When adopting cylindrical permanent-magnet body, the sintering of large scale cylindrical permanent-magnet body, process, magnetize and assemble all comparatively difficulty；3) cylindrical shape outer yoke need to be sleeved in central magnetic yoke, as permanent magnet adopts the mode assembled afterwards that first magnetizes, assembles very difficult, and assembly precision is difficult to ensure that；As adopted the permanent magnet of AlNiCo material, can adopt and first assemble the mode magnetized afterwards, but owing to AlNiCo material permanent magnet coercivity is relatively low, poor performance, seriously restriction mechanical property and index。
The KennethJosephMetzgar etc. of APS company of the U.S. it is also proposed a kind of big stroke vibration calibration console technical scheme (KennethJosephMetzgaretal, " ElectrodynamicForceGenerator ", U.S. Patent number: US3816777)。Obtaining electromagnetic drive structures in this technical scheme is be made up of sub-assemblies 4 groups identical, each sub-assemblies is made up of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, linking block (soft magnetic materials), a magnet, linking block separates and connects the thick end of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, form a pincer structure with long air gap, magnet is arranged in air gap and is fixed on a wedge-shaped poles sheet surface, and magnet can adopt and first assemble the mode magnetized afterwards。After 4 groups of sub-assemblies stackings between two, bolt is adopted to form two mutually isostructural parts by fixing for the sub-assemblies of two stackings, again the vice jaw part of both parts is docked, and adopt the bolt crouched in wedge-shaped poles sheet that docking structure is connected fastening, form complete electromagnetic drive structures。Electromagnetic drive structures after docking has two long air gaps, and moving-coil (actuating coil) is arranged in air gap, and is led by bearing and bearing rod in the axial direction。This technical scheme easily realizes high magnetic flux density in air gap, and has carried out more ripe commercialization and popularization。
This technical scheme exists and is disadvantageous in that: 1) electromagnetic drive structures by multiple structural groupings, be spliced to form, structure is complicated；Fritter permanent magnet need to adopt gluing or alternate manner to be arranged on wedge-shaped poles sheet, assembling complexity, it is difficult to ensure assembly precision；2) in air gap, the static-magnetic induction of a certain position is directly related with the operating point of this place's permanent magnet, and the uniformity of whole air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure that, the material of fritter permanent magnet and the coherence request of technique is higher；3) permanent magnet is directly facing air gap, and it can be produced pressure and magnetize or demagnetizing effect by the complementary field produced after actuating coil energising, when passing to larger current in actuating coil, it is easy to make permanent magnet produce irreversible demagnetization；4) during actuating coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, owing to permanent magnet is directly facing air gap, magnetic flux increases the magnetic circuit of side and is easily saturated, the magnetic flux that now coil side increases is fewer than the magnetic flux that opposite side reduces, the average magnetic induction intensity causing coil position reduces, and then makes the standard vibration signal of generation produce wave distortion。
As previously mentioned, in the design process of big stroke vibration calibration console, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, the difficult point of design and it is crucial that by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and in total travel, the electromagnetic actuation force of output is directly proportional to size of current after making actuating coil energising, and it is unrelated with actuating coil location, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained。And prior art all exists various problems and shortcomings, the linearity index exporting electromagnetic actuation force in air gap after the static uniformity of Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, coil electricity is difficult to there is further lifting。Key issue therein has 3 points:
(1)In long air gap, the uniformity of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution is difficult to ensure that。Before coil electricity, permanent magnet excitation forms stable main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, along with the increase of vibration calibration platform stroke, the uniformity of long air gap internal magnetic field it is difficult to ensure that, export the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force after directly affecting coil electricity；There is research worker to attempt being compensated by adjustment current waveform, but effect is difficult to ensure that, especially that order magnetic field heterogenicity error compensation effect is not good enough, compensation method that is effective and that have relatively high practicability is not yet proposed at present both at home and abroad。
(2)The linearity of the armature-reaction restriction output electromagnetic actuation force after actuating coil energising and the distortion factor of output vibrational waveform Index。Complementary field can be produced after actuating coil energising, this complementary field couples with main field superposition, producing to increase magnetic or demagnetizing effect to main field, make diverse location in air gap, the especially Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of actuating coil position become uneven, this phenomenon is called armature-reaction。Being affected by armature-reaction, in stroke, diverse location is when the loaded electric current density of coil is identical, and the electromagnetic actuation force of output is inconsistent；And be not directly proportional to electric current density in the size of same position electromagnetic actuation force, exist certain non-linear。Armature-reaction is one of vibration calibration platform output vibrational waveform key factor producing the distortion factor, and its impact increases with the increase driving electric current, is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform。
(3)Long yoke is difficult to ensure that with assembling difficulty, precision with the processing of large scale permanent magnet。In big stroke vibration calibration console, long central magnetic yoke need to adopt reasonable manner to fix with two ends supporting way, and for ensureing seriality and the integrity of magnetic flux, the key position that magnetic flux is intensive should avoid the mounting structures such as processing through hole/screwed hole as far as possible；The sintering of large scale permanent magnet, processing and assemble all very difficult, yield rate is very low, and permanent magnet is fragile material and expensive, and assembly method and unreasonable structure are easily caused damage, generally should not process the mounting structure of the forms such as through hole on permanent magnet；To obtain bigger electromagnetic actuation force simultaneously, be generally adopted the strong magnetic permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, strong magnetic permanent magnet part assembling process needs to overcome huge magnetic attraction, is a difficult problem of the art。
Additionally,Eddy-current loss is also the difficult problem affecting vibration calibration platform precision with performance。When vibration calibration platform works, what pass in actuating coil is that alternation drives electric current, current amplitude is maximum up to tens amperes, coil moves back and forth with sinusoidal rule in the axial direction in long air gap, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the alternating magnetic field that alternating current and coil movement produce can in yoke surfaces, and especially adjacent with air gap yoke surfaces can produce current vortex, causes eddy-current loss。Can produce power reaches as high as the thermal losses of a few hectowatt to eddy-current loss on the one hand, and caloric value is surprising, and then brings a series of thermal agitation and thermal deformation problem；The transient field problem that alternating magnetic field and current vortex cause on the other hand, can make the result that the performance indications of reality obtain by traditional design theory, analysis method relatively produce relatively large deviation, have a strong impact on design accuracy and effect。Eddy-current loss is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform, not yet finds effective solution both at home and abroad at present。
To sum up, restricted by the problems referred to above, standard low frequency vibration difficulty in the indexs such as waveform distortion that prior art produces is adopted to have further breakthrough, it is difficult to meet the high-precision calibration of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the demand of the vibration calibration with very low frequency and ultraprecise feature especially of future generation。Therefore, how by the innovation of the links such as method, structure, material and optimization design, it is proposed to having the vibration calibration platform technical scheme of super large stroke, ultralow operating frequency and superhigh precision, the development for vibration measurement technology has great importance。One or several in the problems referred to above achieves a solution, and the performance of big stroke vibration calibration console all can be made to be significantly improved, and makes low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating collimation technique obtain substantive breakthroughs。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for prior art Problems existing, the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme of a kind of long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe is provided, the present invention passes through the effective integration of the Electromagnetic Design innovation with structural design and Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique, big stroke, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision can be taken into account, can effectively solve prior art Problems existing with not enough, the superlow frequency vibrating calibration console of a kind of high accuracy, big stroke is provided for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration。
The technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe, it is made up of pedestal, electromagnetic drive structures, static pressure air-float guide rail and workbench, electromagnetic drive structures with static pressure air-float guide rail to be arranged on pedestal in the way of axis is parallel, the upper surface that workbench is arranged in static pressure air-float guide rail sliding sleeve, described pedestal is made up of base plate and support member, two support members are symmetrically mounted on the two ends of base plate, the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures and two support members are rigidly connected, and static pressure air-float guide rail is fixed in the way of the support of two ends by two support members；Static pressure air-float guide rail is made up of guide rail, sliding sleeve and sliding sleeve connector, and sliding sleeve is sleeved on guide rail slidably and is mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect, and sliding sleeve is rigidly connected by the wing plate of sliding sleeve connector Yu electromagnetic drive structures coil skeleton；Electromagnetic drive structures is by cylindrical central magnetic yoke, end yoke and columnar permanent magnetism pipe, tubular yoke, coil rack is constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, central magnetic yoke, permanent magnetism pipe, tubular yoke, end yoke, the axis of coil rack is point-blank, central magnetic yoke is coaxially assemblied in inside tubular yoke, two end yokes are rigidly connected with the two ends of tubular yoke respectively, it is rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke respectively simultaneously, the length of permanent magnetism pipe is less than the length of tubular yoke, and the inner surface of tubular yoke coaxially it is assemblied in bonding way, separated by air gap between permanent magnetism pipe and central magnetic yoke, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe internal surface magnetic pole is identical, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke slidably and is arranged in air gap, coil rack is wound with actuating coil, actuating coil passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, permanent magnetism pipe, the sidewall of tubular yoke is provided with along its length and cuts open seam, the two ends of coil rack are provided with wing plate, wing plate stretches out from cuing open seam, the external cylindrical surface of central magnetic yoke is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench form, deep trench is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap。
The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke is the yoke installation set adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yokes are installed and is sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke and is rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke, by fixing yoke, set is installed and central magnetic yoke is fixed in the way of the support of two ends。
The described number cuing open seam is 2, and permanent magnetism pipe, tubular yoke sidewall on diameter distribution。
Described permanent magnetism pipe is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in the way of bonding。
The material of described coil rack is pottery, granite, fiberglass or rigid plastics。
It is pottery, granite, fiberglass or aluminium alloy that described yoke installs the material of set。
The technological innovation of the present invention and the good result of generation are in that:
(1) the electromagnetic drive structures design of the present invention is simple, and parts machining and assembly difficulty are low, it is easy to ensure processing and assembly precision；The mode first magnetizing owing to permanent magnet can adopt, assembling afterwards, therefore can adopt the high-performance permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, thus obtaining high gap density and big electromagnetic actuation force；Solving part in prior art to be difficult to process, permanent magnet assembling difficulty, part processing and assembly precision such as are difficult to ensure that at the problem,Main magnetic circuit magnetic induction in higher long air gap can be realized The uniformity index of distribution。This is one of present invention innovative point being different from prior art。
(2) present invention adopts yoke installation set reliably can install fixing with two ends supporting way by long central magnetic yoke, and assembling process is simple and reliable, greatly reduces assembly difficulty；Solve long central magnetic yoke and fixing problem is reliably installed。This is that the present invention is different from the two of the innovative point of prior art。
(3) present invention is on the central magnetic yoke surface adjacent with air gap, array micro structure along gas length direction periodic arrangement deep trench form, theory all shows with simulation analysis and experiment, the method can effectively suppress the generation of current vortex, it is substantially reduced the impact of eddy-current loss, both efficiently solved thermal agitation and thermal deformation problem that eddy-current loss is brought, and made again the actual performance index of electromagnetic drive structures and Design Theory result have higher concordance, it is achieved higher design accuracy；Solve this electricity of eddy-current loss A difficult problem for magnetic vibration platform electromagnetic drive structures design。This is that the present invention is different from the three of the innovative point of prior art。
(4) present invention is by Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique effective integration, utilize static pressure air-float guide rail without friction, without characteristics such as abrasion, high motion guide precision, prominent Electromagnetic Drive mechanics characteristic and high motion guide precision can be obtained simultaneously, further ensure the distortion factor index of vibration calibration platform outputting standard vibrational waveform。This is that the present invention distinguishes the four of the innovative point of prior art。
(5) in the present invention large scale permanent magnet can adopt fritter permanent magnet by first splice magnetize afterwards in the way of obtain, the sintering of large scale permanent magnet can be substantially reduced, process and the difficulty magnetized；Solve in prior art large scale permanent magnet sintering, the problems such as difficulty of processing and magnetize。This is that the present invention is different from the five of the innovative point of prior art。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe；
Fig. 2 is the overall schematic of electromagnetic drive structures；
Fig. 3 is the generalized section of electromagnetic drive structures；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism pipe magnetic pole arrangement and main magnetic circuit；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation adopting permanent magnetism pipe that multiple fritter permanent magnets are spliced to form, cut open seam with two；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism pipe magnetic pole arrangement；
The schematic diagram of one embodiment of deep trench on yoke external cylindrical surface centered by Fig. 7；
The schematic diagram of another embodiment of deep trench on yoke external cylindrical surface centered by Fig. 8；
The array micro structure schematic diagram of deep trench form on yoke external cylindrical surface centered by Fig. 9；
Figure 10 adopts yoke to install set to carry out central magnetic yoke installing fixing schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the structural representation that yoke installs set；
Figure 12 is the structural representation of one embodiment of coil rack。
In figure, piece number illustrates: 2 central magnetic yoke, 3 permanent magnetism pipes, 4 tubular yokes, 5 end yokes, 6 coil racks, 7 air gaps, 8 actuating coils, 9 yokes are installed sets, 11 magnetic circuits, 13 electromagnetic drive structures, 14 static pressure air-float guide rails, 15 workbench, 16 pedestals, 17 base plates, 18 deep trench, 19 wing plates, 20 cutd open seam, 21 support members, 23 guide rails, 24 sliding sleeves, 25 sliding sleeve connectors。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, and provides embodiment。
A kind of cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe, by pedestal 16, electromagnetic drive structures 13, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 and workbench 15 are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures 13 with static pressure air-float guide rail 14 to be arranged on pedestal 16 in the way of axis is parallel, workbench 15 is arranged in static pressure air-float guide rail 14 upper surface of sliding sleeve 24, described pedestal 16 is made up of base plate 17 and support member 21, two support members 21 are symmetrically mounted on the two ends of base plate 17, the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures 13 and two support members 21 are rigidly connected, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is fixed in the way of the support of two ends by two support members 21；Static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is made up of guide rail 23, sliding sleeve 24 and sliding sleeve connector 25, sliding sleeve 24 is sleeved on guide rail 23 slidably and is mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect, and sliding sleeve 24 is rigidly connected by the wing plate 19 of sliding sleeve connector 25 with electromagnetic drive structures 13 coil skeleton 6；Electromagnetic drive structures 13 is by cylindrical central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5 and columnar permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4, coil rack 6 is constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4, end yoke 5, the axis of coil rack 6 is point-blank, it is internal that central magnetic yoke 2 is coaxially assemblied in tubular yoke 4, two end yokes 5 are rigidly connected with the two ends of tubular yoke 4 respectively, it is rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 respectively simultaneously, the length of permanent magnetism pipe 3 is less than the length of tubular yoke 4, and the inner surface of tubular yoke 4 coaxially it is assemblied in bonding way, separated by air gap 7 between permanent magnetism pipe 3 and central magnetic yoke 2, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe 3 inner surface magnetic pole is identical, coil rack 6 is sleeved on slidably and is arranged in air gap 7 in central magnetic yoke 2, coil rack 6 is wound with actuating coil 8, actuating coil 8 passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, permanent magnetism pipe 3, the sidewall of tubular yoke 4 is provided with along its length and cuts open seam 20, the two ends of coil rack 6 are provided with wing plate 19, wing plate 19 from cut open seam 20 stretch out, the external cylindrical surface of central magnetic yoke 2 is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench 13 form, deep trench 13 is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7。
The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke 2 is the yoke installation set 9 adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yokes are installed set 9 be sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke 2, by fixing yoke, set 9 is installed and central magnetic yoke 2 is fixed in the way of the support of two ends。
Described cut open seam 20 number be 2, and permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4 sidewall on diameter distribution。
Described permanent magnetism pipe 3 is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in the way of bonding。
The material of described coil rack 6 is pottery, granite, fiberglass or rigid plastics。
It is pottery, granite, fiberglass or aluminium alloy that described yoke installs the material of set 10。
One embodiment of the present of invention is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 4。In the present embodiment, the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe is for producing the standard low frequency vibration of horizontal direction, and peak swing is 1.2m。Wherein, the effect of pedestal 16 is to provide integral installation basis and the framework of vibration calibration platform。
In electromagnetic drive structures 13, permanent magnetism pipe 3 is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of NdFeB material, the residual magnetization of material is 1.17T, coercivity is 890kA/m, permanent magnetism pipe 3 is coaxially assemblied in the inner surface of tubular yoke 4 with bonding way, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe 3 inner cylinder face magnetic pole be N pole, external cylindrical surface magnetic pole polarity be S pole。Central magnetic yoke 2, tubular yoke 4, two end yoke 5 all adopts high magnetic permeability electrical pure iron material DT4C to make, and maximum relative permeability can reach 12000, and saturation flux amount is 2.5T。Central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4, two end yoke 5, coil rack 6 coaxially assemble。Being separated by air gap 7 between central magnetic yoke 2 and permanent magnetism pipe 3, air gap 7 thickness is 15mm, is formed with the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness。Two end yokes 5 adopt the screw of permeability magnetic material to be rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and tubular yoke 4 respectively, thus constituting closed magnetic yoke structure。In the present embodiment, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4 sidewall are provided with along its length two cut open seam 20,2 cut open seam 20 diameters distribution。
Static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is fixed on pedestal 16 by two support members 21 in the way of the support of two ends, and the axis of guide rail 23 is parallel to each other with the axis of electromagnetic drive structures 13。Guide rail 23 is T-shaped guide rail, and length is 2 meters, and sliding sleeve 24 is sleeved on guide rail 23 slidably, is lubricated mutually and carrying by static pressure air-bearing effect therebetween。Workbench 15 adopts screw to be fixed on the upper surface of sliding sleeve 24, and sliding sleeve 24 adopts screw to be rigidly connected by sliding sleeve connector 25 with the wing plate 19 on coil rack 6。
In the present embodiment, the magnetic line of force paths traversed of the main magnetic circuit that permanent magnetism pipe excitation is formed is as shown in Figure 4。The magnetic line of force, from the N pole of permanent magnetism pipe 3, sequentially passes through central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5, tubular yoke 4, is then return to the S pole of permanent magnetism pipe 3, forms closed magnetic circuit 11。
Coil rack 6 adopts 99 aluminium oxide ceramics to make, generally cylindrical shape, and its internal diameter is bigger than the external diameter of central magnetic yoke 2, is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2。Actuating coil 8 is to adopt insulated copper enamel-covered wire to be wound at coil rack 6 outer surface, and its entirety also becomes cylindrical shape, and thickness is 5mm, and logical maximum current density is 5A/mm2。After electromagnetic vibration generator system electromagnetic drive structures has assembled, coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 are arranged in air gap 7。During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, control signal is after power amplifier amplifies, output virtual value is up to the power current of tens A and is loaded in actuating coil 8, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, in magnetic field, the actuating coil 8 of energising is subject to horizontal direction Lorentz force effect, thus exporting accurate controlled electromagnetic actuation force。Can the size and Orientation of accurate control electromagnetic actuation force by controlling the alive size and Orientation of institute。If control signal adopts the standard sine signal of telecommunication, actuating coil 8 and coil rack 6 will produce standard low frequency sinusoidal vibration vertically under electromagnetic actuation force effect。
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 provide an embodiment of permanent magnetism pipe 3。In the present embodiment, the sidewall of permanent magnetism pipe 3 is provided with 2 along its length and cuts open seam 20, article 2, cuing open seam 20 diameters distribution, therefore permanent magnetism pipe 3 is cutd open seam and 20 is divided into upper and lower two parts, and upper and lower two parts are all adopt multiple fritter permanent magnets (magnetic shoe), be spliced to form in the way of bonding。Constitute the magnetic pole arrangement of fritter permanent magnet of permanent magnetism pipe 3 as it is shown in figure 5, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe 3 inner cylinder face magnetic pole is N pole, the polarity of external cylindrical surface magnetic pole is S pole。
An embodiment of deep trench on central magnetic yoke external cylindrical surface is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 7 and Fig. 9。Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing of central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4。Deep trench 18 is distributed on the external cylindrical surface of the central magnetic yoke 2 adjacent with air gap, and in figure, deep trench is processed along the circumferencial direction of central magnetic yoke 2, and along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7。In the present embodiment, deep trench 18 is rectangle groove, and its width is 1mm, and the degree of depth deeply into yoke 2 surface is 10mm, and the adjacent distance between two deep trench 18 is 10mm。Theoretical with simulation analysis and test result indicate that, in the present invention, the array micro structure of deep trench form can effectively suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduces eddy-current loss。
Another embodiment of deep trench on central magnetic yoke external cylindrical surface is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 8。Fig. 8 is also the partial enlarged drawing of central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4。In the present embodiment, deep trench 18 is profile of tooth groove, and its tooth root width is 1mm, and crown is 10mm deeply into the degree of depth on yoke 2 surface, and the adjacent distance between two deep trench 18 is 10mm。
Provide yoke below in conjunction with Figure 10, Figure 11 and one embodiment of set is installed。Making coil rack 6 and actuating coil 8 be sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 and have longer stroke, long sized central yoke 2 must carry out installing in the way of the support of two ends fixes。In the present embodiment, yoke is installed set 9 employing ceramic material and is made, generally cylindrical shape, two yokes are installed set 9 and are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and are rigidly connected by screw and central magnetic yoke 2, two yokes are installed has screwed hole on set 9, is rigidly connected with tubular yoke 4 and end yoke 5 by screw。
Figure 12 gives an embodiment of coil rack。In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 adopts 99 alumina ceramic materials, generally cylindrical shape, and wall thickness is 5mm, and coil rack 6 is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably。Actuating coil 8 is uniformly close to be wound on coil rack 6, and the two ends processing of coil rack 6 has small boss, is used for preventing actuating coil 8 from coming off。In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 two ends diameter 4 wing plates 19 of distribution, wing plate 19 cuts open in seam 15 from two permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4 sidewall and stretches out, and coil rack 6 is by wing plate 19 and sliding sleeve connector 25 and then is rigidly connected with sliding sleeve 24。In actual implementation process, the wall of coil rack 6 can arrange the lightening hole of the forms such as densely covered small sircle hole, for alleviating the weight of coil rack 6, reduce the dynamic loading of vibration calibration platform。
Claims (6)
1. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the one kind long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe, by pedestal (16), electromagnetic drive structures (13), static pressure air-float guide rail (14) and workbench (15) are constituted, electromagnetic drive structures (13) with static pressure air-float guide rail (14) to be arranged on pedestal (16) in the way of axis is parallel, workbench (15) is arranged in static pressure air-float guide rail (14) upper surface of sliding sleeve (24), it is characterized in that: described pedestal (16) is made up of base plate (17) and support member (21), two support members (21) are symmetrically mounted on the two ends of base plate (17), the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures (13) and two support members (21) are rigidly connected, static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is fixed in the way of the support of two ends by two support members (21)；Static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is made up of guide rail (23), sliding sleeve (24) and sliding sleeve connector (25), sliding sleeve (24) is sleeved on guide rail (23) slidably and above and is mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect, and sliding sleeve (24) is rigidly connected by the wing plate (19) of sliding sleeve connector (25) Yu electromagnetic drive structures (13) coil skeleton (6)；Electromagnetic drive structures (13) is by cylindrical central magnetic yoke (2), end yoke (5) and columnar permanent magnetism pipe (3), tubular yoke (4), coil rack (6) is constituted, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, central magnetic yoke (2), permanent magnetism pipe (3), tubular yoke (4), end yoke (5), the axis of coil rack (6) is point-blank, it is internal that central magnetic yoke (2) is coaxially assemblied in tubular yoke (4), two ends yoke (5) are rigidly connected with the two ends of tubular yoke (4) respectively, it is rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) respectively simultaneously, the length of permanent magnetism pipe (3) is less than the length of tubular yoke (4), and the inner surface of tubular yoke (4) coaxially it is assemblied in bonding way, separated by air gap (7) between permanent magnetism pipe (3) and central magnetic yoke (2), the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe (3) inner surface magnetic pole is identical, coil rack (6) is sleeved on central magnetic yoke (2) slidably and is above arranged in air gap (7), coil rack (6) is wound with actuating coil (8), actuating coil (8) passes to accurate controlled driving electric current, permanent magnetism pipe (3), the sidewall of tubular yoke (4) is provided with along its length and cuts open seam (20), the two ends of coil rack (6) are provided with wing plate (19), wing plate (19) stretches out from cuing open seam (20), the external cylindrical surface of central magnetic yoke (2) is provided with the array micro structure of deep trench (13) form, deep trench (13) is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap (7), deep trench (13) is processed along the circumferencial direction of central magnetic yoke (2)。
2. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mounting means of described central magnetic yoke (2) is yoke installation set (9) adopting two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yokes are installed set (9) be sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke (2), by fixing yoke, set (9) is installed and central magnetic yoke (2) is fixed in the way of the support of two ends。
3. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described in cut open the number of seam (20) be 2, and permanent magnetism pipe (3), tubular yoke (4) sidewall on diameter distribution。
4. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described permanent magnetism pipe (3) is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in the way of bonding。
5. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the material of described coil rack (6) is pottery, granite, fiberglass or rigid plastics。
6. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: it is pottery, granite, fiberglass or aluminium alloy that described yoke installs the material of set (10)。
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| CN201510235814.8A CN104849008B (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2015-05-08 | The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe |
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| CN201510235814.8A CN104849008B (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2015-05-08 | The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe |
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| CN112556830B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-09-23 | 杭州大路实业有限公司 | Vibration test device and method for low-vibration motor under load working condition |
| CN115420369A (en) * | 2022-08-21 | 2022-12-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Driving and guiding integrated single-end side excitation cylindrical electromagnetic driving device |
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| US3816777A (en) * | 1972-12-27 | 1974-06-11 | K Metzgar | Electrodynamic force generator |
| CN101342528A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江大学 | Electromagnetic vibration table |
| CN201192679Y (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Electro-magnetism vibration table |
| CN202052684U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-11-30 | 上海交通大学 | Force-control type electromagnet and permanent magnet compound excitation vibration table |
| CN102288282A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-12-21 | 浙江大学 | Vibration table system with feedback control device based on linear optical grating ruler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4137953B2 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2008-08-20 | 有限会社旭製作所 | Permanent magnet type electrodynamic vibration generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3816777A (en) * | 1972-12-27 | 1974-06-11 | K Metzgar | Electrodynamic force generator |
| CN101342528A (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-01-14 | 浙江大学 | Electromagnetic vibration table |
| CN201192679Y (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Electro-magnetism vibration table |
| CN202052684U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-11-30 | 上海交通大学 | Force-control type electromagnet and permanent magnet compound excitation vibration table |
| CN102288282A (en) * | 2011-05-04 | 2011-12-21 | 浙江大学 | Vibration table system with feedback control device based on linear optical grating ruler |
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