CN104849008A - Cylindrical closed magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration table with long permanent magnet tube radial excitation - Google Patents
Cylindrical closed magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration table with long permanent magnet tube radial excitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a cylindrical closed magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration table with long permanent magnet tube radial excitation, belonging to the field of vibration measurement technology. A cylindrical closed type magnetic field structure design is provided. A permanent magnet tube is coaxially and adhesively installed in a long cylindrical outer magnet yoke to carry out excitation. The polarities of permanent magnet tube inner surface magnetic poles are the same. Closed magnetic circuits are formed by magnet yokes. The magnetic induction intensity distribution with high uniformity is generated in air gaps. The surface of a center magnet yoke adjacent to the air gaps is provided with an array type micro structure in the form of deep trenches, and the eddy current loss can be effectively inhibited. The organic integration design of air lubricated guide technology is employed, and outstanding electromagnetic drive mechanical performance and high movement guide precision are obtained at the same time. According to the cylindrical closed magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration table, large stroke, high thrust and a linear electromagnetic driving force characteristic and high movement guide precision can be considered, and a high precision and large stroke high performance low frequency vibration calibration table technical scheme is provided for low-frequency/ultra-low frequency vibration calibration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vibration measurement technical field, relate generally to the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of a kind of long permanent magnetism pipe.
Background technology
In vibration measurement technical field, the vibration calibration platform producing standard vibration signal is the nucleus equipment realizing high precision vibration calibration, is also the important equipment forming national vibration measurement technical system.High precision vibration calibration platform generally all adopts electromagnetic vibration generator system form.In recent years, Aero-Space, build a bridge, the field such as protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters all proposes low frequency/demand of superlow frequency vibrating calibration.For improving the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of standard vibration signal, ensureing the calibration accuracy of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, requiring that vibration calibration platform is under the prerequisite ensureing thrust and precision, has stroke large as far as possible.In the design process of Long Distances vibration calibration platform, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, key wherein and difficult point are how by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, and by ensureing processing and assembly precision, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and the electromagnetic actuation force size exported in total travel after making coil electricity is directly proportional to the electric current in working coil, and have nothing to do with the position residing for working coil, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained.
The He Wen of Zhejiang University etc. propose a kind of Long Distances vibration calibration platform technical scheme (1. Zhejiang University, " two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration ", China Patent No.: ZL200710069095.2; 2. Zhejiang University, " a kind of electromagnetic vibration generator system ", China Patent No.: ZL200820087256.0; 3. Zhejiang University, " there is the shaking table based on linear grating chi feed back control system ", China Patent No.: ZL201110115072.7; 4.Wen He, et al. " Closed-Double-Magnetic Circuit for aLong-stroke Horizontal Electromagnetic Vibration Exciter ", IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2011,49 (8): 4865-4872).In this technical scheme, cylindrical magnet, central magnetic pole (yoke) and tubular outer magnetic pole coaxial cable assemble, the same magnetic pole of two magnets relatively, be arranged on central magnetic pole two ends, magnet center is provided with through hole, non-magnetic bolt is adopted to be fixed, it is inner that central magnetic pole is coaxially assemblied in tubular outer magnetic pole, tubular mounting coil is arranged in air gap in central magnetic pole, coil is fixedly connected with air supporting cover and is led by air-float guide rail, stressed and produce motion in magnetic field after coil electricity, produce standard vibration signal.This technical scheme adopts two magnet complementary, leakage field is less, magnet utilization factor is high, can realize larger thrust, larger stroke and lower waveform distortion index, is one of vibration calibration platform technical scheme with independent intellectual property right and higher degree of being practical of domestic open report.
The Hans-J.von Martens etc. of German federal physical technique research institute (PTB) it is also proposed a kind of Long Distances vibration calibration platform technical scheme (1.Hans-J.von Martens, et al, " Traceability of Vibration and Shock Measurements byLaser Interferometry ", Measurement, 2000,28:3-20).This technical scheme adopts cylindrical soft magnetic core, cylindrical permanent-magnet body and cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets relatively, be arranged on the two ends of cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, soft magnetic core is coaxially assemblied in the inside of soft magnetic tube, closed magnetic circuit is formed by the soft magnetic part at two ends, coil rack and working coil are cylindrical shape, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke, and is fixedly connected with air supporting moving component, is led by air-float guide rail.Adopt the amplitude of the Long Distances vibration calibration platform of this technical scheme comparatively large, coordinate high-performance permanent magnet and yoke material, the technical indicator such as transverse vibration ratio, waveform distortion of higher level can be realized.
The weak point that above-mentioned two kinds of technical schemes exist is: 1) cylindrical shape outer yoke need carry out long inside dimension processing, processing difficulties, and precision is difficult to ensure; 2) when adopting cylindrical permanent magnet, permanent magnet need processing through hole and be bolted in yoke by non-magnetic, assemble complicated and can have an impact to magnetic circuit; When adopting cylindrical permanent-magnet body, the sintering of large scale cylindrical permanent-magnet body, process, magnetize and assemble all comparatively difficulty; 3) cylindrical shape outer yoke need be sleeved in central magnetic yoke, as permanent magnet adopts the mode of assembling afterwards that first magnetizes, assembles very difficult, and assembly precision is difficult to ensure; As adopted the permanent magnet of AlNiCo material, the mode of first assembling and magnetizing afterwards can be adopted, but due to AlNiCo material permanent magnet coercive force lower, poor performance, serious restriction mechanical property and index.
The Kenneth Joseph Metzgar etc. of APS company of the U.S. it is also proposed a kind of Long Distances vibration calibration platform technical scheme (Kenneth Joseph Metzgar et al, " Electrodynamic Force Generator ", U.S. Patent number: US3816777).In this technical scheme electromagnetic drive structures is made up of 4 groups of identical sub-assemblies, each sub-assemblies is made up of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, linking block (soft magnetic material), a magnet, be connected block separate and connect the thick end of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, form the pincer structure that has long air gap, magnet to be arranged in air gap and to be fixed on a wedge-shaped poles sheet surface, and magnet can adopt the mode of first assembling and magnetizing afterwards.After 4 groups of sub-assemblies are stacked between two, adopt bolt that two stacked sub-assemblies are fixed formation two mutually isostructural parts, again the vice jaw part of these two parts is docked, and adopt the bolt crouched in wedge-shaped poles sheet to be connected by docking structure fastening, form complete electromagnetic drive structures.Electromagnetic drive structures after docking has two long air gaps, and moving-coil (working coil) is arranged in air gap, and is led by bearing and bearing rod in the axial direction.This technical scheme easily realizes high magnetic flux density in air gap, and has carried out more ripe commercialization and popularization.
This technical scheme exist weak point be: 1) electromagnetic drive structures by multiple textural association, be spliced to form, complex structure; Fritter permanent magnet need adopt gluing or alternate manner to be arranged on wedge-shaped poles sheet, and assembling is complicated, is difficult to ensure assembly precision; 2) in air gap, the static-magnetic induction of a certain position is directly related with the working point of this place's permanent magnet, and the homogeneity of whole air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure, higher to the coherence request of the materials and process of fritter permanent magnet; 3) permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap, and the complementary field produced after working coil energising can produce pressure to it and magnetize or demagnetizing effect, when passing to larger current in working coil, easily makes permanent magnet produce irreversible demagnetization; 4) during working coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, because permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap, the magnetic circuit that magnetic flux increases side is easily saturated, the magnetic flux that the magnetic flux that now coil side increases reduces than opposite side is few, cause the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position to reduce, and then make the standard vibration signal of generation produce waveform distortion.
As previously mentioned, in the design process of Long Distances vibration calibration platform, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, motion guide precision, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, difficult point and the key of design are by rational Electromagnetic Design and structural design, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and the electromagnetic actuation force exported in total travel after making working coil be energized is directly proportional to size of current, and have nothing to do with the position residing for working coil, namely desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity is obtained.And prior art all exists various problems and shortcomings, the linearity index exporting electromagnetic actuation force in air gap after the homogeneity of static Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, coil electricity has been difficult to further lifting.Key issue wherein has 3 points:
(1)
in long air gap, the homogeneity of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution is difficult to ensure.Before coil electricity, permanent magnet excitation forms stable main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution, and along with the increase of vibration calibration platform stroke, the homogeneity of long air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure, exports the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force after directly affecting coil electricity; Have researchist to attempt compensating by adjusting current waveform, but effect is difficult to ensure, especially not good enough to order magnetic field heterogenicity error compensation effect, not yet propose effectively both at home and abroad at present and the compensation method had compared with high practicability.
(2)
armature reaction restriction after working coil energising exports the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force and exports the degree of distortion of vibrational waveform index.Complementary field can be produced after working coil energising, this complementary field superposes with main field and is coupled, produce main field and increase magnetic or demagnetizing effect, make diverse location in air gap, the especially Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of working coil position become uneven, this phenomenon is called armature reaction.Affect by armature reaction, in stroke, diverse location is when added by coil, live current density is identical, and the electromagnetic actuation force of output is inconsistent; And be not directly proportional to current density in the size of same position electromagnetic actuation force, exist certain non-linear.Armature reaction is that vibration calibration platform exports one of key factor of vibrational waveform generation degree of distortion, and its impact increases with the increase of drive current, is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform.
(3)
long yoke and large scale permanent magnet are processed and are difficult to ensure with assembling difficulty, precision.In Long Distances vibration calibration platform, long central magnetic yoke need adopt reasonable manner to fix with two ends supporting way, and for ensureing continuity and the integrality of magnetic flux, the key position that magnetic flux is intensive should avoid the mounting structures such as processing through hole/threaded hole as far as possible; The sintering of large scale permanent magnet, processing are all very difficult with assembling, and yield rate is very low, and permanent magnet is hard brittle material and expensive, and assembly method and unreasonable structure easily cause damage, generally should not process the mounting structure of the forms such as through hole on permanent magnet; Will obtain larger electromagnetic actuation force, the general strong magnetic permanent magnet adopting the materials such as NdFeB, needing to overcome huge magnetic attraction in strong magnetic permanent magnet Assembly of the parts process, is a difficult problem of the art simultaneously.
In addition,
eddy current loss is also the difficult problem affecting vibration calibration platform precision and performance.When vibration calibration platform works, what pass in working coil is alternation drive current, current amplitude is maximum reaches tens amperes, coil in long air gap in the axial direction with sinusoidal rule to-and-fro movement, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the alternating magnetic field that exchange current and coil movement produce can in yoke surfaces, and especially adjacent with air gap yoke surfaces can produce current vortex, causes eddy current loss.Eddy current loss can produce the thermal losses that power reaches as high as a few hectowatt on the one hand, and thermal value is surprising, and then brings a series of thermal perturbation and thermal deformation problem; The transient field problem that another aspect alternating magnetic field and current vortex cause, the result that actual performance index can be made relatively to obtain by traditional design theory, analytical approach produces relatively large deviation, has a strong impact on design accuracy and effect.Eddy current loss is a difficult problem in the design of vibration calibration platform, not yet finds effective solution both at home and abroad at present.
To sum up, restrict by the problems referred to above, the standard low frequency vibration difficulty in the indexs such as waveform distortion adopting prior art to produce has further breakthrough, is difficult to the high-precision calibration meeting low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the demand with the vibration calibration of very low frequency (VLF) and ultraprecise feature especially of future generation.Therefore, how to pass through the innovation of the links such as method, structure, material and optimal design, propose the vibration calibration platform technical scheme with super large stroke, ultralow frequency of operation and superhigh precision, the development for vibration measurement technology has great importance.One or several in the problems referred to above achieves a solution, and the performance of Long Distances vibration calibration platform all can be made to be significantly improved, and makes low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating collimation technique obtain substantive breakthroughs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for prior art Problems existing, the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console technical scheme of the centripetal excitation of a kind of long permanent magnetism pipe is provided, the present invention is by Electromagnetic Design and the innovation of structural design and the effective integration of Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique, Long Distances, high thrust, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity and high motion guide precision can be taken into account, effectively can solve prior art Problems existing with not enough, for low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating calibration provides the superlow frequency vibrating calibration console of a kind of high precision, Long Distances.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of a kind of long permanent magnetism pipe, be made up of pedestal, electromagnetic drive structures, static pressure air-float guide rail and worktable, electromagnetic drive structures and static pressure air-float guide rail are arranged on pedestal in the mode of axis being parallel, worktable is arranged on the upper surface of sliding sleeve in static pressure air-float guide rail, described pedestal is made up of base plate and support member, two support member symmetries are arranged on the two ends of base plate, the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures and two support members are rigidly connected, and the mode that static pressure air-float guide rail is supported with two ends by two support members is fixed, static pressure air-float guide rail is made up of guide rail, sliding sleeve and sliding sleeve web member, and sliding sleeve to be sleeved on slidably on guide rail and mutually to be lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect, and sliding sleeve is rigidly connected by the wing plate of sliding sleeve web member and electromagnetic drive structures coil skeleton, electromagnetic drive structures is by columniform central magnetic yoke, end yoke and columnar permanent magnetism pipe, tubular yoke, coil rack is formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, central magnetic yoke, permanent magnetism pipe, tubular yoke, end yoke, the axis of coil rack point-blank, it is inner that central magnetic yoke is coaxially assemblied in tubular yoke, two end yokes are rigidly connected with the two ends of tubular yoke respectively, be rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke respectively simultaneously, the length of permanent magnetism pipe is less than the length of tubular yoke, and the inside surface of tubular yoke is coaxially assemblied in bonding way, separated by air gap between permanent magnetism pipe and central magnetic yoke, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe internal surface magnetic pole is identical, coil rack is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke and is arranged in air gap, coil rack is wound with working coil, accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil, permanent magnetism pipe, the sidewall of tubular yoke is provided with along its length and cuts open seam, the two ends of coil rack are provided with wing plate, wing plate stretches out from cuing open seam, the external cylindrical surface of central magnetic yoke is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench form, deep trench is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap.
The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke is the yoke installation sleeve of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installation sleeves are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke and are rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke, by fixing yoke installation sleeve, the mode that central magnetic yoke supports with two ends is fixed.
The described number cuing open seam is 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of permanent magnetism pipe, tubular yoke.
Described permanent magnetism pipe is the multiple fritter permanent magnet of employing, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
The material of described coil rack is pottery, grouan, fiberglass or rigid plastic.
The material of described yoke installation sleeve is pottery, grouan, fiberglass or aluminium alloy.
The good result of technological innovation of the present invention and generation is:
(1) electromagnetic drive structures simplicity of design of the present invention, parts machining and assembly difficulty low, easily ensure processing and assembly precision; First magnetize because permanent magnet can adopt, the mode of rear assembling, therefore can adopt the high-performance permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, thus obtain high gap density and large electromagnetic actuation force; Solve part in prior art and be difficult to processing, permanent magnet assembling difficulty, part processing and assembly precision are difficult to the problems such as guarantee,
main magnetic circuit magnetic induction density in higher long air gap can be realized the uniformity index of distribution.This is one of the present invention's innovative point being different from prior art.
(2) the present invention adopts yoke installation sleeve reliably can install fixing with two ends supporting way by long central magnetic yoke, and assembling process is simple and reliable, greatly reduces assembly difficulty;
solve long central magnetic yoke and fixing problem is reliably installed.This is the innovative point two that the present invention is different from prior art.
(3) the present invention is on the central magnetic yoke adjacent with air gap surface, along the array microstructure of gas length direction periodic arrangement deep trench form, theoretical with simulation analysis and test and all show, the method effectively can suppress the generation of current vortex, greatly reduce the impact of eddy current loss, both efficiently solved thermal perturbation and thermal deformation problem that eddy current loss brings, and made again the actual performance index of electromagnetic drive structures and Theoretical Design result have higher consistance, realize higher design accuracy;
solve this electricity of eddy current loss a difficult problem for magnetic vibration platform electromagnetic drive structures design.This is the innovative point three that the present invention is different from prior art.
(4) the present invention is by Electromagnetic Drive Technology and static pressure air-bearing guiding technique effective integration, utilize static pressure air-float guide rail without friction, without characteristics such as wearing and tearing, high motion guide precision, outstanding Electromagnetic Drive mechanics characteristic and high motion guide precision can be obtained simultaneously, further ensure the degree of distortion index of vibration calibration platform outputting standard vibrational waveform.This is the innovative point four that the present invention distinguishes prior art.
(5) in the present invention, large scale permanent magnet can adopt fritter permanent magnet to obtain first to splice the mode magnetized afterwards, greatly can reduce the sintering of large scale permanent magnet, process and the difficulty magnetized; To solve in prior art large scale permanent magnet sintering, the problems such as difficulty of processing and magnetize.This is the innovative point five that the present invention is different from prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe;
Fig. 2 is the overall schematic of electromagnetic drive structures;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of electromagnetic drive structures;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism pipe magnetic pole arrangement and main magnetic circuit;
Fig. 5 adopts that multiple fritter permanent magnet is spliced to form, that two, band cuts open the permanent magnetism pipe of seam structural representation;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnetism pipe magnetic pole arrangement;
The schematic diagram of the deep trench embodiment centered by Fig. 7 on yoke external cylindrical surface;
The schematic diagram of another embodiment of deep trench centered by Fig. 8 on yoke external cylindrical surface;
The array microstructure schematic diagram of deep trench form on yoke external cylindrical surface centered by Fig. 9;
Figure 10 adopts yoke installation sleeve to carry out installing fixing schematic diagram to central magnetic yoke;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of yoke installation sleeve;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of a coil rack embodiment.
In figure, piece number illustrates: 2 central magnetic yoke, 3 permanent magnetism pipes, 4 tubular yokes, 5 end yokes, 6 coil racks, 7 air gaps, 8 working coils, 9 yoke installation sleeves, 11 magnetic circuits, 13 electromagnetic drive structures, 14 static pressure air-float guide rails, 15 worktable, 16 pedestals, 17 base plates, 18 deep trench, 19 wing plates, 20 cut open seam, 21 support members, 23 guide rails, 24 sliding sleeves, 25 sliding sleeve web members.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, and provides embodiment.
The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of a kind of long permanent magnetism pipe, by pedestal 16, electromagnetic drive structures 13, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 and worktable 15 are formed, electromagnetic drive structures 13 and static pressure air-float guide rail 14 are arranged on pedestal 16 in the mode of axis being parallel, worktable 15 is arranged on the upper surface of sliding sleeve 24 in static pressure air-float guide rail 14, described pedestal 16 is made up of base plate 17 and support member 21, two support member 21 symmetries are arranged on the two ends of base plate 17, the two ends of electromagnetic drive structures 13 and two support members 21 are rigidly connected, the mode that static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is supported with two ends by two support members 21 is fixed, static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is made up of guide rail 23, sliding sleeve 24 and sliding sleeve web member 25, sliding sleeve 24 to be sleeved on slidably on guide rail 23 and mutually to be lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect, and sliding sleeve 24 is rigidly connected by the wing plate 19 of sliding sleeve web member 25 with electromagnetic drive structures 13 coil skeleton 6, electromagnetic drive structures 13 is by columniform central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5 and columnar permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4, coil rack 6 is formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4, end yoke 5, the axis of coil rack 6 point-blank, it is inner that central magnetic yoke 2 is coaxially assemblied in tubular yoke 4, two end yokes 5 are rigidly connected with the two ends of tubular yoke 4 respectively, be rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 respectively simultaneously, the length of permanent magnetism pipe 3 is less than the length of tubular yoke 4, and the inside surface of tubular yoke 4 is coaxially assemblied in bonding way, separated by air gap 7 between permanent magnetism pipe 3 and central magnetic yoke 2, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe 3 inside surface magnetic pole is identical, coil rack 6 is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2 and is arranged in air gap 7, coil rack 6 is wound with working coil 8, accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil 8, permanent magnetism pipe 3, the sidewall of tubular yoke 4 is provided with along its length and cuts open seam 20, the two ends of coil rack 6 are provided with wing plate 19, wing plate 19 stretches out from cuing open seam 20, the external cylindrical surface of central magnetic yoke 2 is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench 13 form, deep trench 13 is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7.
The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke 2 is yoke installation sleeves 9 of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installation sleeves 9 be sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke 2, by fixing yoke installation sleeve 9, the mode that central magnetic yoke 2 supports with two ends being fixed.
The described number cuing open seam 20 is 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4.
Described permanent magnetism pipe 3 is the multiple fritter permanent magnets of employing, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
The material of described coil rack 6 is pottery, grouan, fiberglass or rigid plastic.
The material of described yoke installation sleeve 10 is pottery, grouan, fiberglass or aluminium alloy.
One embodiment of the present of invention are provided below in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4.In the present embodiment, the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe vibrates for generation of the standard low frequency of horizontal direction, and peak swing is 1.2m.Wherein, the effect of pedestal 16 is to provide integral installation basis and the framework of vibration calibration platform.
In electromagnetic drive structures 13, permanent magnetism pipe 3 is strong magnetic permanent magnets of NdFeB material, the residual magnetization of material is 1.17T, coercive force is 890kA/m, permanent magnetism pipe 3 is coaxially assemblied in the inside surface of tubular yoke 4 with bonding way, and the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe 3 inner cylinder face magnetic pole is N pole, the polarity of external cylindrical surface magnetic pole is S pole.Central magnetic yoke 2, tubular yoke 4, two end yoke 5 all adopts high magnetic permeability electrical pure iron material DT4C to make, and maximum relative permeability can reach 12000, and saturation flux amount is 2.5T.Central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4, two end yoke 5, coil rack 6 coaxially assemble.Separated by air gap 7 between central magnetic yoke 2 and permanent magnetism pipe 3, air gap 7 thickness is 15mm, wherein forms the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness.Two end yokes 5 adopt the screw of permeability magnetic material to be rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and tubular yoke 4 respectively, thus form closed magnetic yoke structure.In the present embodiment, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4 sidewall are provided with two along its length and cut open seam 20,2 are cutd open the distribution of seam 20 diameter.
Static pressure air-float guide rail 14 is fixed on pedestal 16 by two support members 21 in the mode that two ends support, the axis of guide rail 23 and the axis of electromagnetic drive structures 13 parallel to each other.Guide rail 23 is T-shaped guide rail, and length is 2 meters, and sliding sleeve 24 is sleeved on guide rail 23 slidably, is lubricated mutually and carrying therebetween by static pressure air-bearing effect.Worktable 15 adopts screw to be fixed on the upper surface of sliding sleeve 24, and sliding sleeve 24 adopts screw to be rigidly connected by sliding sleeve web member 25 and the wing plate 19 on coil rack 6.
In the present embodiment, the magnetic line of force of the main magnetic circuit that permanent magnetism pipe excitation is formed process path as shown in Figure 4.The magnetic line of force, from the N pole of permanent magnetism pipe 3, successively through central magnetic yoke 2, end yoke 5, tubular yoke 4, is then got back to the S pole of permanent magnetism pipe 3, is formed closed magnetic circuit 11.
Coil rack 6 adopts 99 aluminium oxide ceramics to make, and entirety is cylindrical shape, and its internal diameter is larger than the external diameter of central magnetic yoke 2, is sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2.Working coil 8 adopts insulated copper enameled wire to be wound at coil rack 6 outside surface, and its entirety also becomes cylindrical shape, and thickness is 5mm, and logical maximum current density is 5A/mm
2.After electromagnetic vibration generator system electromagnetic drive structures has assembled, coil rack 6 and working coil 8 are arranged in air gap 7.During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, control signal is after power amplifier amplifies, the power current that output effective value is up to tens A is loaded in working coil 8, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the working coil 8 be energized in magnetic field is subject to the effect of horizontal direction Lorentz force, thus exports accurate controlled electromagnetic actuation force.By control alive size and Orientation can the size and Orientation of precise hard_drawn tuhes electromagnetic actuation force.If control signal adopts standard sine electric signal, working coil 8 and coil rack 6 will produce standard low frequency sinusoidal vibration vertically under electromagnetic actuation force effect.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 provide an embodiment of permanent magnetism pipe 3.In the present embodiment, the sidewall of permanent magnetism pipe 3 is provided with along its length 2 and cuts open seam 20, article 2, cut open the distribution of seam 20 diameter, therefore permanent magnetism pipe 3 is cutd open seam 20 and is divided into upper and lower two parts, and upper and lower two parts are all adopt multiple fritter permanent magnet (magnetic shoe), be spliced to form in bonding mode.Form the magnetic pole arrangement of the fritter permanent magnet of permanent magnetism pipe 3 as shown in Figure 5, the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe 3 inner cylinder face magnetic pole is N pole, the polarity of external cylindrical surface magnetic pole is S pole.
An embodiment of deep trench on central magnetic yoke external cylindrical surface is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 7 and Fig. 9.Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing of central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4.Deep trench 18 is distributed on the external cylindrical surface of the central magnetic yoke 2 adjacent with air gap, the circumferencial direction processing of deep trench centrally yoke 2 in figure, and along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7.In the present embodiment, deep trench 18 is rectangle groove, and its width is 1mm, and the degree of depth going deep into central magnetic yoke 2 surface is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent deep trench 18 is 10mm.Theory shows with simulation analysis and experimental result, and in the present invention, the array microstructure of deep trench form effectively can suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduces eddy current loss.
Another embodiment of deep trench on central magnetic yoke external cylindrical surface is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 8.Fig. 8 is also the partial enlarged drawing of central magnetic yoke 2, permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4.In the present embodiment, deep trench 18 is profile of tooth groove, and its tooth root width is 1mm, and the degree of depth that crown gos deep into central magnetic yoke 2 surface is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent deep trench 18 is 10mm.
An embodiment of yoke installation sleeve is provided below in conjunction with Figure 10, Figure 11.Coil rack 6 and working coil 8 are sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 and have longer stroke, it is fixing that the mode that long sized central yoke 2 must support with two ends carry out installations.In the present embodiment, yoke installation sleeve 9 adopts stupalith to make, entirety is cylindrical shape, two yoke installation sleeves 9 are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and are rigidly connected by screw and central magnetic yoke 2, two yoke installation sleeves 9 there is threaded hole, by screw and tubular yoke 4 with hold yoke 5 to be rigidly connected.
Figure 12 gives an embodiment of coil rack.In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 adopts 99 alumina ceramic materials, and entirety is cylindrical shape, and wall thickness is 5mm, and coil rack 6 is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably.Working coil 8 is evenly close, and around on coil rack 6, the two ends of coil rack 6 are processed with small boss, come off for preventing working coil 8.In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 two ends diameter distributes 4 wing plates 19, and wing plate 19 cuts open in seam 15 from two permanent magnetism pipe 3, tubular yoke 4 sidewall and stretches out, coil rack 6 by wing plate 19 with sliding sleeve web member 25 and then be rigidly connected with sliding sleeve 24.In actual implementation process, the wall of coil rack 6 can being arranged the lightening hole of the forms such as densely covered small sircle hole, for alleviating the weight of coil rack 6, reducing the dynamic loading of vibration calibration platform.
Claims (6)
1. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the one kind long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe, by pedestal (16), electromagnetic drive structures (13), static pressure air-float guide rail (14) and worktable (15) are formed, electromagnetic drive structures (13) and static pressure air-float guide rail (14) are arranged on pedestal (16) in the mode of axis being parallel, worktable (15) is arranged on the upper surface of sliding sleeve (24) in static pressure air-float guide rail (14), it is characterized in that: described pedestal (16) is made up of base plate (17) and support member (21), two support member (21) symmetries are arranged on the two ends of base plate (17), two ends and two support members (21) of electromagnetic drive structures (13) are rigidly connected, the mode that static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is supported with two ends by two support members (21) is fixed, static pressure air-float guide rail (14) is made up of guide rail (23), sliding sleeve (24) and sliding sleeve web member (25), sliding sleeve (24) is sleeved on guide rail (23) slidably and goes up and mutually lubricated and support by static pressure air-bearing effect, and sliding sleeve (24) is rigidly connected by the wing plate (19) of sliding sleeve web member (25) with electromagnetic drive structures (13) coil skeleton (6), electromagnetic drive structures (13) is by columniform central magnetic yoke (2), end yoke (5) and columnar permanent magnetism pipe (3), tubular yoke (4), coil rack (6) is formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, central magnetic yoke (2), permanent magnetism pipe (3), tubular yoke (4), end yoke (5), the axis of coil rack (6) point-blank, it is inner that central magnetic yoke (2) is coaxially assemblied in tubular yoke (4), two ends yoke (5) are rigidly connected with the two ends of tubular yoke (4) respectively, be rigidly connected with the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) respectively simultaneously, the length of permanent magnetism pipe (3) is less than the length of tubular yoke (4), and the inside surface of tubular yoke (4) is coaxially assemblied in bonding way, separated by air gap (7) between permanent magnetism pipe (3) and central magnetic yoke (2), the polarity of permanent magnetism pipe (3) inside surface magnetic pole is identical, coil rack (6) is sleeved on central magnetic yoke (2) slidably and is above arranged in air gap (7), coil rack (6) is wound with working coil (8), accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil (8), permanent magnetism pipe (3), the sidewall of tubular yoke (4) is provided with along its length and cuts open seam (20), the two ends of coil rack (6) are provided with wing plate (19), wing plate (19) stretches out from cuing open seam (20), the external cylindrical surface of central magnetic yoke (2) is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench (13) form, deep trench (13) is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap (7).
2. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mounting means of described central magnetic yoke (2) is the yoke installation sleeve (9) of employing two cylindrical shapes, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installation sleeves (9) be sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) and be rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke (2), by fixing yoke installation sleeve (9), the mode that central magnetic yoke (2) supports with two ends being fixed.
3. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described in cut open seam (20) number be 2, and diameter distribution on the sidewall of permanent magnetism pipe (3), tubular yoke (4).
4. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described permanent magnetism pipe (3) is the multiple fritter permanent magnet of employing, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
5. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the material of described coil rack (6) is pottery, grouan, fiberglass or rigid plastic.
6. the cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the centripetal excitation of long permanent magnetism pipe according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the material of described yoke installation sleeve (10) is pottery, grouan, fiberglass or aluminium alloy.
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| CN201510235814.8A CN104849008B (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2015-05-08 | The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe |
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| CN201510235814.8A CN104849008B (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2015-05-08 | The cylindrical hermetic magnetic field type low-frequency vibration calibration console of the long centripetal excitation of permanent magnetism pipe |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112556830A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 杭州大路实业有限公司 | Vibration test device and method for low-vibration motor under load working condition |
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| US3816777A (en) * | 1972-12-27 | 1974-06-11 | K Metzgar | Electrodynamic force generator |
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| CN112556830B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-09-23 | 杭州大路实业有限公司 | Vibration test device and method for low-vibration motor under load working condition |
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