CN104180841B - A kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table - Google Patents

A kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table Download PDF

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CN104180841B
CN104180841B CN201410442502.XA CN201410442502A CN104180841B CN 104180841 B CN104180841 B CN 104180841B CN 201410442502 A CN201410442502 A CN 201410442502A CN 104180841 B CN104180841 B CN 104180841B
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coil
main shaft
air
moving
gas
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CN104180841A (en
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何闻
唐波
贾叔仕
周杰
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

Low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table, main shaft, moving coil component, magnetic circuit assembly, the motor driving magnetic circuit assembly to rotate and closed loop control assembly thereof, electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component, air bearing and the angular displacement sensor rotated including shell, work top, drive work top;Main shaft is fixing with moving coil component to be connected, and magnetic circuit assembly is connected by connector and rotor are fixing;Moving coil component includes moving-coil matrix and coil, and moving-coil matrix is fixing with main shaft to be connected;Magnetic circuit assembly includes magnetic guiding loop, central magnetic pole and magnet steel, magnetic guiding loop, central magnetic pole, magnet steel and air gap form closed magnetic loop;Central magnetic pole is positioned at magnetic guiding loop, and magnetic guiding loop is coaxial with central magnetic pole, and magnet steel is between magnetic guiding loop and central magnetic pole, and magnet steel is adsorbed in central magnetic pole;Moving coil component is between magnet steel and magnetic guiding loop, and moving coil component is coaxial with magnetic guiding loop.It is low that the present invention has the output waveform distortion factor, and the advantage that angle displacement is big.

Description

A kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table, a kind of angle vibration table for low frequency big displacement vibration angular oscillation transducer calibration, exportable.
Technical background
Angle vibration table is not only widely used for demarcating the dynamic characteristic of various angular oscillation (angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration) sensor, it may also be used for various products are carried out angular oscillation environmental test.
At present, the angular displacement big angle of displacement vibration table more than 180 ° typically uses structure based on brushless motor.Peng Jun, He Qun, Xue Jingfeng and Sun Hao have delivered the paper of entitled Low Frequency Standard Angular Exciter in " measurement technology " magazine of the 6th phase of volume 25 in 2005.Low frequency angle vibration table is mainly by mechanical system, control system, measurement system and signal processing system.Mechanical system is mainly made up of main shaft, table top, air bearing, grating and motor.Corrected sensor is installed on table top, the driving element that motor rotates as drive shaft, and air bearing utilizes the leveling effect that air film produces, and reaches to improve rotating accuracy, reduces the purpose of frictional force.Control system is mainly by torque motor, controller, and amplifying circuit forms.It is provided with current loop, conversing circuits, speed loop and position loop in the controller to improve control performance.The profit DAC that computerizeds control produces the voltage signal of different frequency and amplitude and gives control system, drives angle vibration table to produce certain frequency and the sinusoidal angular movement of amplitude.The moment of momentum that measurement system is measured using Circular gratings is used for gathering the signal of telecommunication of grating and corrected sensor as the feedback quantity being controlled, use multi-channel data acquisition module.Last signal processing system calculates sensitivity and the phase shift obtaining corrected sensor according to the moment of momentum that Circular gratings is measured.This system maximum angle displacement (single peak) reaches more than 180 °.
The shortcoming of this low frequency angle vibration table is: this angle vibration table is caused torque ripple owing to affecting by the slot effect of motor own, even if using brushless D. C. torque motor also can have a negative impact the output waveform of angle vibration table.According to brushed DC torque motor, add the impact of the frictional force of motor own, will more deteriorate the waveform of angle vibration table output.
There has been proposed now a kind of electromagnetic drive type angle vibration table, although the output waveform distortion caused as driving element due to motor can be improved, but owing to therefore the single magnetic pole angle of magnet steel can not cannot make, more than 180 °, the angular displacement that moving coil component exports more than 180 ° in the magnetic field that the single magnetic pole of magnet steel produces.
Summary of the invention
Although in order to overcome existing motor-driven angle vibration table can export Angular Displacement, but the output waveform distortion factor is big;And though the electromagnetic drive type angle vibration table energy output waveform distortion factor is little, the shortcoming that the angular displacement of output is little, the invention provides a kind of output waveform distortion factor low, and the angle vibration table that angle displacement is big.
A kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table, main shaft, moving coil component, magnetic circuit assembly, the motor driving magnetic circuit assembly to rotate and closed loop control assembly thereof, electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component, air bearing and the angular displacement sensor rotated including shell, work top, drive work top;
It is characterized in that: main shaft is fixing with moving coil component to be connected, and magnetic circuit assembly is connected by connector and rotor are fixing;
Moving coil component includes the moving-coil matrix being connected with main shaft and the coil being wrapped on moving-coil matrix, and moving-coil matrix is fixing with main shaft to be connected;
Magnetic circuit assembly includes magnetic guiding loop, central magnetic pole and magnet steel, and is formed closed magnetic loop by magnetic guiding loop, central magnetic pole, magnet steel and air gap;Central magnetic pole is positioned at magnetic guiding loop, and magnetic guiding loop is coaxial with central magnetic pole, and magnet steel is between magnetic guiding loop and central magnetic pole, and magnet steel is adsorbed in central magnetic pole;Moving coil component is between magnet steel and magnetic guiding loop, and moving coil component is coaxial with magnetic guiding loop.
During angle vibration table work, open motor, utilize driven by motor magnetic circuit assembly to rotate, it is ensured that magnetic circuit assembly and moving coil component synchronous axial system, now moving coil component is static relative to magnetic circuit assembly;In moving coil component, the active wires of coil moves all the time in the field region that magnet steel covers, and wherein, active wires refers to the axial lead being positioned in magnetic field;Magnetic circuit assembly is synchronized with the movement with moving coil component, and active wires is in the field region that magnet steel covers all the time, and active wires can produce Ampere force continuously, thus realizes the angular displacement of moving coil component output more than 180 °, it is achieved the larger displacement output of angle vibration table;Moving coil component moves all the time in magnetic field, it is to avoid realize Commutation Torque Ripple during angular oscillation and electromagnetic torque pulsation by common electric machine, therefore can export the moving wave shape of low distortion.
Further, connector includes rotary components and connects ring, rotary components include being fixed on the mandrel of base central authorities and rotating be installed on mandrel turn, mandrel and be provided with rolling bearing between turning.
Mandrel plays positioning action, turns and rotates around mandrel;Rotor, turns, and connects ring, central magnetic pole, magnet steel and magnetic guiding loop and forms the rotary body of a synchronous axial system;Rotor, as power source, drives whole rotary body to rotate.
The size of magnetic guiding loop is more than the size turned, and therefore, arranges big up and small down shape, such as two-part cylinder ring by connecting ring;The big end connecting ring is fixed with magnetic guiding loop, the small end of connection ring with turn fixing.
Turn and include first connecting portion fixing with central magnetic pole, second connecting portion fixing with rotor and threeth connecting portion fixing with being connected ring;Connecting ring one end to fix with magnetic guiding loop, the other end and the 3rd connecting portion are fixed.
Due to central magnetic pole, rotor is different with position with the size connecting ring, in order to by central magnetic pole, rotor and connect ring be all fixed on one turn on, limit further the shape turned and structure as: turn and include upper cylinder ring segment, lower cylinder ring segment and connection above cylinder ring segment and the linkage section of lower cylinder ring segment, linkage section becomes lower big little cone, upper cylinder ring segment is fixing with central magnetic pole forms the first connecting portion, the outer wall of lower cylinder ring segment is provided with outward extending annular wing plate, this annular wing plate is fixing with rotor forms the second connecting portion, linkage section is provided with holding and connects the step of ring, step surface fixes formation the 3rd connecting portion with being connected ring, turn one-body molded.
Further, mandrel and be provided with rolling bearing and lower rolling bearing between turning, the inner surface of the upper cylinder ring segment turned is provided with topping bar of housing washer in holding, mandrel is provided with the round nut compressing upper rolling bearing inner ring, it is provided with pad between round nut and upper rolling bearing, the bottom of the lower cylinder ring segment turned is provided with and compresses getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation of lower housing washer, and the bottom of mandrel is provided with the saddle of rolling bearing inner ring under holding.
The angular displacement of motor is detected by angular displacement sensor, further, connect ring and be provided with the first Circular gratings, pressing plate is provided with the first read head and installing rack thereof, first Circular gratings and the first read head form the first angular displacement sensor of detection motor movement, pressing plate is fixed on motor bearing seat, and pressing plate is pressed on motor stator the effect playing fixing motor stator simultaneously, and pressing plate is the connecting plate of an annular.
In order to make motor dispel the heat the most in time, limit further, offering spiral cooling bath on the lateral surface of motor stator, motor stator and motor bearing seat surround the spiral cooling chamber of sealing, are provided with the sealing ring stoping coolant to leak between motor stator and motor bearing seat.The top and bottom of spiral cooling chamber are respectively equipped with sealing ring and lower seal, and two seal grooves accommodating sealing ring respectively are opened on motor stator, and motor bearing seat is provided with coolant and enters passage and coolant passing away.
Electricity viscoelasticity feedback component includes the second angular displacement sensor, feedback unit, signal generator, subtractor, PID controller, power amplifier, angle vibration table;Second angular displacement sensor is made up of the second read head and second Circular gratings two parts, and the second Circular gratings is arranged on work top, and the second read head is fixed on the bearing block of air bearing by installing rack;Second angular displacement sensor is for detecting moving coil component and the angular displacement signal of work top output, this angular displacement signal is imported into feedback unit, feedback unit the signal of input is amplified obtain the first output signal and will the signal elder generation differential of input process after amplify again and obtain the second output signal, the first output signal is superposed with the second output signal obtain feedback unit output signal again;The standard signal that feedback unit output signal and signal generator export asks poor through subtractor, obtain deviation signal, then deviation signal exports to power amplifier after PID regulator processes, and drives angle vibration table motion, thus realizes the electric viscoelasticity feedback control of angle vibration table rotatable parts.
Owing to mechanical spring is when Angular Displacement, there is nonlinear problem, have a strong impact on the distortion factor of the moment of momentum waveform of angle vibration table output, and electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component is equivalent to a rigidity and the linear adjustable spring of damped coefficient, therefore can improve and reduce the distortion factor of angle vibration table output quantity of motion waveform.
The closed loop control assembly controlling motor movement is made up of the first angular displacement sensor of the second angular displacement sensor, subtractor, electric machine controller, motor driver, motor and the detection motor angular displacement that detect moving coil component motion.It realizes process: the angular displacement of the first angular displacement sensor detection motor, the angular displacement signal detected is inputed to subtractor, carry out seeking difference operation with the angular displacement signal of the second angular displacement sensor output, the deviation signal obtained inputs to motor driver after electric machine controller processes, then drive motor rotation, so can guarantee that moving coil component rotates with driven by motor magnetic circuit component synchronization.
Further, air bearing includes bearing block and bearing body, and collar bush is connected in bearing body, and bearing body is socketed in bearing block, and bearing block is fixed with bearing body, is provided with the step coordinated with bearing body bottom main shaft;
The outer surface of bearing body is provided with the air inlet groove of annular, bearing block is provided with the air inlet connected with air inlet groove, bearing body is provided with the radial guiding pore between gas guide bearing body and main shaft, by the upper shaft between gas guide bearing body and work top to gas port with by the lower axial gas port between gas guide bearing body and the step of main shaft, radial guiding pore, upper shaft are respectively equipped with throttle orifice to the outlet side of gas port and lower axial gas port, and are distributed uniformly and circumferentially.
Air inlet, air inlet groove, radial guiding pore, upper shaft form inlet channel to gas port and lower axial gas port, and air inlet is connected with high-pressure air source.
Upper shaft connects to gas port and the first radial guiding pore and forms upper T-shaped air flue, T-shaped air flue under the most axial gas port and the connection formation of the second radial guiding pore, upper T-shaped air flue and under T-shaped air flue be symmetrical arranged, the first radial guiding pore and the second radial guiding pore connect with air inlet groove.
Forming air film between upper surface and the lower surface of work top of bearing body, this air film is referred to as upper push stopping part air film;Forming air film between the upper surface of the lower surface of bearing body and the step of main shaft, this air film is referred to as lower push stopping part air film;Forming air film between inner surface and the outer surface of main shaft of bearing body, this air film is referred to as collar air film;Upper push stopping part air film, lower push stopping part air film and collar air film make to be not directly contacted with between main shaft and bearing body, thus reduce frictional force, reduce the distortion factor of output waveform.
In order to optimize the exhaust performance of air bearing, keep the uniform and stable of air film, further define that main shaft hollow forms discharge chamber, the upper end of main shaft is provided with the first exhaust passage that the gas between bearing body and work top introduces discharge chamber, bearing body is provided with the second exhaust passage discharged by the gas between main shaft and bearing body, the air vent of second exhaust passage is positioned at outside the step of main shaft, second exhaust passage is uniformly distributed on bearing body, and second exhaust passage is mutually isolated with air inlet groove.
First exhaust passage includes the circumferential groove being arranged at main shaft upper surface, the gas between bearing body and work top enters the pore of circumferential groove and the gas in circumferential groove enters the axial hole of discharge chamber;Pore has multiple, and pore circumferentially groove is uniformly distributed;Axial hole has multiple, and axial hole circumferentially groove is uniformly distributed;Pore is offered along the radial direction of main shaft upper surface, and axial hole is axially offered along main shaft.
Second exhaust passage includes that rod radial air vent and axial vent holes, rod radial air vent one end connect with the air film between bearing body and main shaft, and the other end connects with axial vent holes;The gas outlet of axial vent holes is as the air vent of second exhaust passage;The gas of collar air film is introduced axial vent holes by rod radial air vent, then is discharged by gas by axial vent holes.
Rod radial air vent runs through bearing body, and one end that rod radial air vent connects with air inlet groove is provided with plug, thus avoids the gas of second exhaust passage to enter in air inlet groove, makes second exhaust passage separate with air inlet groove, and facilitates the processing of rod radial air vent.
Further, shell includes the cylinder fixing with base and the snubber block fixing with the bearing block of air bearing;Space between discharge chamber and moving coil component with central magnetic pole, magnet steel connects;Space between second exhaust passage and snubber block with moving coil component connects;The gas of upper push stopping part air film is entered in discharge chamber by first exhaust passage, and gas is entered between central magnetic pole, magnet steel and moving coil component by discharge chamber, plays the effect of cooling moving coil component;The gas of collar air film is entered between moving coil component and snubber block by second exhaust passage, also functions to cool down the effect of moving coil component;The gas of first exhaust passage and second exhaust passage is in addition to flowing through moving coil component, and gas is entered in air by the exhaust passage formed finally by the air discharge duct on central magnetic pole, mandrel, the centre bore of base and base end face.
Further, the coil of moving coil component is covered in the lateral surface of moving-coil matrix, and coil includes coil windings and insulating barrier, coil windings and insulating barrier interval are arranged, coil windings at least has one layer, and insulating barrier is made up of epoxide-resin glue and glass cloth, and insulating barrier is completely covered the coil windings that it is interior;
Each coil windings includes first coil and the second coil, first coil from inside to outside coiling counterclockwise, the coiling from outside to inside clockwise of second coil, first coil and the second coil are in same layer, first coil and the second coil coiling multiturn respectively, every circle is made up of active wires section and connection conducting line segment respectively, and the active wires section of energising produces Ampere force in magnetic field, connects conducting line segment outside magnetic field;
Active wires section one the Ampere force generating unit of composition being spacedly distributed, the quantity of Ampere force generating unit is the twice of coil windings number, the active wires hop count amount that each Ampere force generating unit comprises is identical, it is filled with epoxide-resin glue between every circle wire of coil windings, connected in series or in parallel between coil windings.
When making coil windings, first make the plane copper coin that can just surround moving-coil matrix lateral surface, wire shaped and cabling mode is walked with what the mode of line cutting or engraving processed coil windings again on plane copper coin, then plane copper board coil is fastened on the lateral surface of moving-coil matrix, lateral surface and middle area of knockout in coil windings are wound around glass cloth simultaneously, and infusion epoxy resin glue, while being wound around, while perfusion, after curable epoxide, turning process processing is used to make the coil windings of current layer and moving-coil matrix form new smooth cylinder moving-coil matrix.When making next layer of coil windings, plane copper coin is prepared for reference with the lateral surface of new moving-coil matrix, the coil windings newly increasing layer is identical with the canoe of ground floor coil windings, and ensure that the Ampere force generating unit position of each coil windings is mutually aligned overlap, when making other layer of coil windings, rule the like.
The corner of the active wires section in coil windings and connection conducting line segment passes through round-corner transition, it is to avoid when coil windings is processed and fixes, stress collection neutralizes damage.
Owing to the sense of current around trig loop phase neighbour's Ampere force generating unit wire is contrary, in order to be able to make Ampere force superimposed, magnet steel is done defined below: magnet steel is distributed along the even circumferential of central magnetic pole;The magnetizing direction of magnet steel is radially, and adjacent magnet steel magnetizing direction is contrary, and magnet steel is fixed in central magnetic pole.
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
1, use driven by motor magnetic circuit assembly to rotate, it is ensured that magnetic circuit assembly and moving coil component synchronous axial system, and response is fast, location is accurate, performance is good;Angle vibration table angle displacement amount (single peak) can reach more than 180 °, meets the demand of low frequency Angular Displacement angular oscillation transducer calibration;And moving coil component moves all the time in magnetic field, it is to avoid Commutation Torque Ripple when using common electric machine to be directly realized by angular oscillation and electromagnetic torque pulsation, the moving wave shape distortion factor of output is low.
2, the present invention uses magneto magnetic structure, eliminates magnet exciting coil, reduces the loss of excitation system, improves energy conversion efficiency, and magnetic structure is simple, compact, reliable.
3, formation is cut or carved to the coil windings of moving coil component by line, and wiring is uniform, and uniform force reduces the coiling difficulty of coil windings simultaneously, simplifies wire winding.
4, the present invention uses air bearings support, the upper push stopping part air film formed, lower push stopping part air film, collar air film complete the axially and radially support to moving-coil rotatable parts, rotatable parts and stationary components realize contactless support by air film, little without friction or frictional force, operate steadily, improve the rotating accuracy of rotatable parts, improve the angle vibration table output waveform distortion factor and the advantage reducing teeter amount.
5, the present invention uses the equilbrium position of electricity viscoelastic spring feedback control rotatable parts, traditional mechanical spring has the defects such as non-linear, time-varying, sluggishness, affect the distortion factor of angle vibration table output quantity of motion waveform, and electricity viscoelastic spring feedback control controllability is good, there is linear, non-time-varying, the advantage of nothing sluggishness, reduce the distortion factor of output quantity of motion waveform.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the population structure schematic diagram of angle vibration table.
Fig. 2 is driven by motor magnetic structure system schematic.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram turned.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of magnetic circuit assembly.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of motor closed loop control assembly.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of air bearing.
Fig. 8 is the schematic perspective view of moving coil component.
Fig. 9 is the distribution schematic diagram of coil windings and insulating barrier.
Figure 10 is the two-dimentional winding diagram of coil windings.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1-6
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table, including shell, work top B-1, drives the main shaft B-2 of work top B-1 rotation, moving coil component, magnetic circuit assembly, the motor driving magnetic circuit assembly to rotate and closed loop control assembly thereof, electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component, air bearing and angular displacement sensor;
Main shaft B-2 is fixing with moving coil component to be connected, and rotor E-6 is connected by connector and magnetic circuit assembly are fixing;
Moving coil component includes that the moving-coil matrix B-3 being connected with main shaft B-2 and the coil B-4 being wrapped on moving-coil matrix B-3, moving-coil matrix B-3 and main shaft B-2 fix and is connected;
Magnetic circuit assembly includes magnetic guiding loop E-1, central magnetic pole E-2 and magnet steel E-3, and the closed magnetic loop formed by magnetic guiding loop E-1, central magnetic pole E-2, magnet steel E-3 and air gap, as shown in Figure 4;Central magnetic pole E-2 is positioned at magnetic guiding loop E-1, and magnetic guiding loop E-1 is coaxial with central magnetic pole E-2, and magnet steel E-3 is between magnetic guiding loop E-1 and central magnetic pole E-2, and magnet steel E-3 is adsorbed in central magnetic pole E-2;Moving coil component is between magnet steel E-3 and magnetic guiding loop E-1, and moving coil component is coaxial with magnetic guiding loop E-1;Moving coil component can be freely rotatable in the region between magnet steel E-3 and magnetic guiding loop E-1;When being passed through alternating current in the coil of moving coil component, under the influence of a magnetic field, moving coil component will vibrate back and forth around equilbrium position.
During angle vibration table work, open motor, utilize driven by motor magnetic circuit assembly to rotate, it is ensured that magnetic circuit assembly and moving coil component synchronous axial system, now moving coil component is static relative to magnetic circuit assembly;In moving coil component, the active wires of coil moves all the time in the field region that magnet steel covers, and wherein, active wires refers to the axial lead being positioned in magnetic field;Magnetic circuit assembly is synchronized with the movement with moving coil component, active wires is in the field region that magnet steel covers all the time, active wires can produce Ampere force continuously such that it is able to realizes the angular displacement of moving coil component output more than 180 °, it is achieved the larger displacement output of angle vibration table;Moving coil component moves all the time in magnetic field, it is to avoid realize Commutation Torque Ripple during angular oscillation and electromagnetic torque pulsation by common electric machine, therefore can export the moving wave shape of low distortion.
As in figure 2 it is shown, connector includes rotary components and connects ring E-5, rotary components includes being fixed on mandrel E-10 and the rotating E-4 that turns being installed on mandrel E-10, mandrel E-10 of base F-2 central authorities and turns and be provided with rolling bearing between E-4.
Mandrel E-10 plays positioning action, and the E-4 that turns rotates around mandrel E-10;Rotor E-6, turn E-4, connects ring E-5, central magnetic pole E-2, magnet steel E-3 and magnetic guiding loop E-1 and forms the rotary body of a synchronous axial system;Rotor, as power source, drives whole rotary body to rotate.
The size of the magnetic guiding loop E-1 size more than the E-4 that turns, therefore, arranges big up and small down shape, such as two-part cylinder ring by connecting ring E-5;The big end connecting ring E-5 is fixed with magnetic guiding loop E-1, and the small end connecting ring E-5 is fixed with the E-4 that turns.
As it is shown on figure 3, turn, E-4 includes the first connecting portion E-4-A fixing with central magnetic pole E-2, the second connecting portion E-4-B fixing with rotor E-6, and the threeth connecting portion E-4-C fixing with being connected ring E-5;Connecting ring E-5 one end to fix with magnetic guiding loop E-1, the other end and the 3rd connecting portion E-4-C fix.
nullDue to central magnetic pole E-2、Rotor E-6 is different with position with the size connecting ring E-5,In order to by central magnetic pole E-2、Rotor E-6 and connect ring E-5 be all fixed on one turn on,Limit the shape of the E-4 that turns and structure as: the E-4 that turns includes upper cylinder ring segment、Lower cylinder ring segment and connection above cylinder ring segment and the linkage section of lower cylinder ring segment,Linkage section becomes lower big little cone,Upper cylinder ring segment is fixing with central magnetic pole E-2 forms the first connecting portion E-4-A,The outer wall of lower cylinder ring segment is provided with outward extending annular wing plate,This annular wing plate is fixing with rotor E-6 forms the second connecting portion E-4-B,Linkage section is provided with the step that holding connects ring E-5,Step surface fixes formation the 3rd connecting portion E-4-C with being connected ring E-5,Turn one-body molded.
Mandrel E-10 and turn and be provided with rolling bearing E-11-A and lower rolling bearing E-11-B between E-4, the inner surface of upper cylinder ring segment of E-4 of turning is provided with topping bar of housing washer in holding, mandrel E-10 is provided with between round nut E-12, round nut E-12 and the upper rolling bearing E-11-A compressing upper rolling bearing E-11-A inner ring and is provided with pad E-13;The turn bottom of lower cylinder ring segment of E-4 is provided with and compresses getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation of lower rolling bearing E-11-B outer ring, and the bottom of mandrel E-10 is provided with the saddle of rolling bearing E-11-B inner ring under holding.
Connect ring E-5 and be provided with the first Circular gratings E-14, pressing plate E-8 is provided with the first read head E-15 and installing rack E-16 thereof, first Circular gratings E-14 and the first read head E-15 forms the first angular displacement sensor of detection motor movement, pressing plate E-8 is fixed on motor bearing seat E-9, pressing plate E-8 is pressed on motor stator E-7 the effect playing fixing motor stator E-7 simultaneously, and pressing plate E-8 is the connecting plate of an annular.
Offer spiral cooling bath E-71, motor stator E-7 and motor bearing seat E-9 on the lateral surface of motor stator E-7 and surround the spiral cooling chamber of sealing, between motor stator E-7 and motor bearing seat E-9, be provided with the sealing ring E-72 stoping coolant to leak.The top and bottom of spiral cooling chamber are respectively equipped with sealing ring and lower seal, and two seal grooves accommodating sealing ring respectively are opened on motor stator E-7, and motor bearing seat E-9 is provided with coolant and enters passage E-91 and coolant passing away E-92.
Electricity viscoelasticity feedback component includes the second angular displacement sensor, feedback unit, signal generator, subtractor, PID controller, power amplifier, angle vibration table;Second angular displacement sensor is made up of the second read head A-2 and second Circular gratings A-1 two parts, and the second Circular gratings A-1 is arranged on work top B-1, and the second read head A-2 is fixed on the bearing block C-1 of air bearing by installing rack A-3;Second angular displacement sensor is for detecting moving coil component and the angular displacement signal of work top B-1 output, this angular displacement signal is imported into feedback unit, feedback unit the signal of input is amplified obtain the first output signal and will the signal elder generation differential of input process after amplify again and obtain the second output signal, the first output signal is superposed with the second output signal obtain feedback unit output signal again;The standard signal that feedback unit output signal and signal generator export asks poor through subtractor, obtain deviation signal, then deviation signal exports to power amplifier after PID regulator processes, driving angle vibration table moves, thus realize the electric viscoelasticity feedback control of angle vibration table rotatable parts, as shown in Figure 5.
Owing to mechanical spring is when Angular Displacement, there is nonlinear problem, have a strong impact on the distortion factor of the moment of momentum waveform of angle vibration table output, and electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component is equivalent to a rigidity and the linear adjustable spring of damped coefficient, therefore can improve and reduce the distortion factor of angle vibration table output quantity of motion waveform.
As shown in Figure 6, the closed loop control assembly controlling motor movement is made up of the first angular displacement sensor of the second angular displacement sensor, subtractor, electric machine controller, motor driver, motor and the detection motor angular displacement that detect moving coil component motion;It realizes process: the angular displacement of the first angular displacement sensor detection motor, the angular displacement signal detected is inputed to subtractor, carry out seeking difference operation with the angular displacement signal of the second angular displacement sensor output, the deviation signal obtained inputs to motor driver after electric machine controller processes, then drive motor rotation, so can guarantee that moving coil component rotates with driven by motor magnetic circuit component synchronization.
Shell includes the cylinder F-3 fixing with base F-2 and the snubber block F-1 fixing with the bearing block C-1 of air bearing.
Advantage of this embodiment is that:
1, use driven by motor magnetic circuit assembly to rotate, it is ensured that magnetic circuit assembly and moving coil component synchronous axial system, and response is fast, location is accurate, performance is good;Angle vibration table angle displacement amount (single peak) can reach more than 180 °, meets the demand of low frequency Angular Displacement angular oscillation transducer calibration;And moving coil component moves all the time in magnetic field, it is to avoid Commutation Torque Ripple when using motor to be directly realized by angular oscillation and electromagnetic torque pulsation, the moving wave shape distortion factor of output is low.
2, the present invention uses magneto magnetic structure, eliminates magnet exciting coil, reduces the loss of excitation system, improves energy conversion efficiency, and magnetic structure is simple, compact, reliable.
3, the present invention uses the equilbrium position of electricity viscoelastic spring feedback control rotatable parts, traditional mechanical spring has the defects such as non-linear, time-varying, sluggishness, affect the distortion factor of angle vibration table output quantity of motion waveform, and electricity viscoelastic spring feedback control controllability is good, there is linear, non-time-varying, the advantage of nothing sluggishness, reduce the distortion factor of output quantity of motion waveform.
Embodiment 2
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is the concrete structure of air bearing, and other modular constructions in addition to air bearing are the most same as in Example 1.
Specifically: as shown in Figure 7, air bearing includes that bearing block C-1 and bearing body C-2, main shaft B-2 are socketed in bearing body C-2, and bearing body C-2 is socketed in bearing block C-1, bearing block C-1 fixes with bearing body C-2, is provided with the step coordinated with bearing body C-2 bottom main shaft B-2;
The outer surface of bearing body C-2 is provided with the air inlet groove C-21 of annular, bearing block C-1 is provided with the air inlet C-11 connected with air inlet groove C-21, bearing body C-2 be provided with gas guide bearing body C-2 and main shaft B-2 between radial guiding pore, by the upper shaft between gas guide bearing body C-2 and work top B-1 to gas port with by the lower axial gas port between gas guide bearing body C-2 and the step of main shaft B-2, radial guiding pore, upper shaft is respectively equipped with throttle orifice C-3 to the outlet side of gas port and lower axial gas port, and be distributed uniformly and circumferentially.
Air inlet C-11, air inlet groove C-21, radial guiding pore, upper shaft form inlet channel to gas port and lower axial gas port, and air inlet C-11 is connected with high-pressure air source.
Upper shaft connects to gas port and the first radial guiding pore and forms upper T-shaped air flue C-22, T-shaped air flue C-23 under the most axial gas port and the connection formation of the second radial guiding pore, upper T-shaped air flue C-22 and under T-shaped air flue C-23 be symmetrical arranged, the first radial guiding pore and the second radial guiding pore connect with air inlet groove C-21.
Forming air film between upper surface and the lower surface of work top B-1 of bearing body C-2, this air film is referred to as upper push stopping part air film;Forming air film between the upper surface of the lower surface of bearing body C-2 and the step of main shaft B-2, this air film is referred to as lower push stopping part air film;Forming air film between inner surface and the outer surface of main shaft B-2 of bearing body C-2, this air film is referred to as collar air film;Upper push stopping part air film, lower push stopping part air film and collar air film make to be not directly contacted with between main shaft and bearing body, thus reduce frictional force, reduce the distortion factor of output waveform.
In order to optimize the exhaust performance of air bearing, keep the uniform and stable of air film, limit: main shaft B-2 hollow forms discharge chamber B-24, the upper end of main shaft B-2 is provided with the first exhaust passage that the gas between bearing body C-2 and work top B-1 introduces discharge chamber, bearing body C-2 is provided with the second exhaust passage discharged by the gas between main shaft B-2 and bearing body C-2, the air vent of second exhaust passage is positioned at outside the step of main shaft B-2, second exhaust passage is uniformly distributed on bearing body C-2, and second exhaust passage is mutually isolated with air inlet groove C-21.
First exhaust passage includes the circumferential groove B-22 being arranged at main shaft B-2 upper surface, the gas between bearing body C-2 and work top B-1 enters the pore B-21 of circumferential groove B-22 and the gas in circumferential groove B-22 enters the axial hole B-23 of discharge chamber;Pore B-21 has multiple, and pore B-21 circumferentially groove B-22 is uniformly distributed;Axial hole B-23 has multiple, and B-23 circumferentially groove B-22 in axial hole is uniformly distributed;Pore B-21 offers along the radial direction of main shaft B-2 upper surface, and axial hole B-23 axially offers along main shaft B-2.
Second exhaust passage includes that rod radial air vent C-26 and axial vent holes C-27, rod radial air vent C-26 one end connect with the air film between bearing body C-2 and main shaft B-2, and the other end connects with axial vent holes C-27;The gas outlet of axial vent holes C-27 is as the air vent of second exhaust passage;The gas of collar air film is introduced axial vent holes C-27 by rod radial air vent C-26, then is discharged by gas by axial vent holes C-27.
Rod radial air vent C-26 runs through bearing body C-2, one end that rod radial air vent C-26 connects with air inlet groove C-21 is provided with plug C-4, thus avoid the gas of second exhaust passage to enter in air inlet groove C-21, make second exhaust passage separate with air inlet groove C-21, and facilitate the processing of rod radial air vent C-26.
Shell includes the cylinder F-3 fixing with base F-2 and the snubber block F-1 fixing with the bearing block C-1 of air bearing;Space between discharge chamber B-24 and moving coil component with central magnetic pole E-2, magnet steel E-3 connects;Space between second exhaust passage and snubber block F-1 and moving coil component connects;The gas of upper push stopping part air film is entered in discharge chamber B-24 by first exhaust passage, and gas is entered central magnetic pole E-2, between magnet steel E-3 and moving coil component, plays the effect of cooling moving coil component by discharge chamber B-24;The gas of collar air film is entered between moving coil component and snubber block F-1 by second exhaust passage, also functions to cool down the effect of moving coil component;The gas of first exhaust passage and second exhaust passage is in addition to flowing through moving coil component, and gas is entered in air by the exhaust passage formed finally by the air discharge duct F-21 on central magnetic pole E-2, mandrel E-10, the centre bore of base F-2 and base F-2 bottom surface.
Advantage of this embodiment is that: use air bearings support, the upper push stopping part air film formed, lower push stopping part air film, collar air film complete the axially and radially support to moving-coil rotatable parts, rotatable parts and stationary components realize contactless support by air film, little without friction or frictional force, operate steadily, improve the rotating accuracy of rotatable parts, improve the angle vibration table output waveform distortion factor and the advantage reducing teeter amount.Further, the gas overflowed in the air film of air bearing may also operate as cooling down the effect of moving coil component.
Embodiment 3
With reference to Fig. 8,9,10
Being the coil of moving coil component in place of the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1, other modular constructions in addition to coil are the most same as in Example 1.
As shown in Figure 8, the coil B-4 of moving coil component is covered in the lateral surface of moving-coil matrix B-3.As shown in Figure 9, coil includes that coil windings B-4-1 and insulating barrier B-4-3, coil windings B-4-1 and insulating barrier B-4-3 interval are arranged, and coil windings B-4-1 at least has one layer, insulating barrier B-4-3 is made up of epoxide-resin glue and glass cloth, and insulating barrier is completely covered coil windings B-4-1 that it is interior.As shown in Figure 10, coil windings includes first coil B-4-1-1 and the second coil B-4-1-2, the from inside to outside coiling counterclockwise of first coil B-4-1-1, second coil B-4-1-2 coiling from outside to inside clockwise, first coil B-4-1-1 and the second coil B-4-1-2 are in same layer, first coil B-4-1-1 and the second coil B-4-1-2 coiling multiturn respectively, every circle is made up of active wires section B-4-11 and connection conducting line segment B-4-12 respectively, active wires section B-4-11 of energising produces Ampere force in magnetic field, connects conducting line segment B-4-12 outside magnetic field;
Active wires section B-4-11 one Ampere force generating unit B-4-1-3 of composition being spacedly distributed, the quantity of Ampere force generating unit B-4-1-3 is the twice of coil windings B-4-1 number, the active wires section B-4-11 quantity that each Ampere force generating unit B-4-1-3 comprises is identical, it is filled with epoxide-resin glue between every circle wire of coil windings B-4-1, connected in series or in parallel between coil windings B-4-1.
When making coil windings B-4-1, first make the plane copper coin that can just surround moving-coil matrix B-3 lateral surface, wire shaped and cabling mode is walked with what the mode of line cutting or engraving processed coil windings B-4-1 such as Figure 10 again on plane copper coin, then plane copper board coil is fastened on the lateral surface of moving-coil matrix B-3, lateral surface and middle area of knockout in coil windings B-4-1 are wound around glass cloth simultaneously, and infusion epoxy resin glue, while being wound around, while perfusion, after curable epoxide, turning process processing is used to make coil windings B-4-1 of current layer and moving-coil matrix B-3 form new smooth cylinder moving-coil matrix B-3.When making next layer of coil windings B-4-1, plane copper coin is prepared for reference with the lateral surface of new moving-coil matrix B-3, coil windings B-4-1 newly increasing layer is identical with the canoe of ground floor coil windings B-4-1, and ensure that the Ampere force generating unit position of each coil windings B-4-1 is mutually aligned overlap, when making other layer of coil windings B-4-1, rule the like.
The corner of active wires section B-4-11 in coil windings B-4-1 and connection conducting line segment B-4-12 passes through round-corner transition, it is to avoid when coil windings B-4-1 is processed and fixes, stress collection neutralizes damage.
Owing to the sense of current around trig loop phase neighbour's Ampere force generating unit wire is contrary, in order to be able to make Ampere force superimposed, magnet steel E-3 is done defined below: magnet steel E-3 is distributed along the even circumferential of central magnetic pole E-2;The magnetizing direction of magnet steel E-3 is radially, and adjacent magnet steel E-3 magnetizing direction is contrary, and magnet steel E-3 is fixed in central magnetic pole E-2.
Advantage of this embodiment is that: formation is cut or carved to coil windings by line, wiring is uniform, and uniform force reduces the coiling difficulty of coil windings simultaneously, simplifies wire winding.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating of the way of realization to inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention is not construed as being only limitted to the concrete form that embodiment is stated, protection scope of the present invention also and in those skilled in the art according to present inventive concept it is conceivable that equivalent technologies means.

Claims (10)

1. a low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table, main shaft, moving coil component, magnetic circuit assembly, the motor driving magnetic circuit assembly to rotate and closed loop control assembly, electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component and the air bearing rotated including shell, work top, drive work top;
It is characterized in that: main shaft is fixing with moving coil component to be connected, and magnetic circuit assembly is connected by connector and rotor are fixing;
Moving coil component includes the moving-coil matrix being connected with main shaft and the coil being wrapped on moving-coil matrix, and moving-coil matrix is fixing with main shaft to be connected;
Magnetic circuit assembly includes magnetic guiding loop, central magnetic pole and magnet steel, magnetic guiding loop, central magnetic pole, magnet steel and air gap form closed magnetic loop;Central magnetic pole is positioned at magnetic guiding loop, and magnetic guiding loop is coaxial with central magnetic pole, and magnet steel is between magnetic guiding loop and central magnetic pole, and magnet steel is adsorbed in central magnetic pole;Moving coil component is between magnet steel and magnetic guiding loop, and moving coil component is coaxial with magnetic guiding loop.
2. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: connector includes rotary components and connects ring, rotary components include being fixed on the mandrel of base central authorities and rotating be installed on mandrel turn, mandrel and be provided with rolling bearing between turning.
3. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: turn and include first connecting portion fixing with central magnetic pole, second connecting portion fixing with rotor and threeth connecting portion fixing with being connected ring;Connecting ring one end to fix with magnetic guiding loop, the other end and the 3rd connecting portion are fixed.
4. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: turn and include cylinder ring segment, lower cylinder ring segment and connect the linkage section of upper cylinder ring segment and lower cylinder ring segment, linkage section becomes lower big little cone, upper cylinder ring segment is fixing with central magnetic pole forms the first connecting portion, the outer wall of lower cylinder ring segment is provided with outward extending annular wing plate, this annular wing plate is fixing with rotor forms the second connecting portion, linkage section is provided with holding and connects the step of ring, step surface fixes formation the 3rd connecting portion with being connected ring, turns one-body molded.
5. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: electricity viscoelasticity feedback control component includes the second angular displacement sensor, feedback unit, signal generator, subtractor, PID controller, power amplifier, angle vibration table;Second angular displacement sensor is made up of the second read head and second Circular gratings two parts, and the second Circular gratings is arranged on work top, and the second read head is fixed on the bearing block of air bearing by installing rack;Second angular displacement sensor is for detecting moving coil component and the angular displacement signal of work top output, this angular displacement signal is imported into feedback unit, feedback unit the signal of input is amplified obtain the first output signal and will the signal elder generation differential of input process after amplify again and obtain the second output signal, the first output signal is superposed with the second output signal obtain feedback unit output signal again;The standard signal that feedback unit output signal and signal generator export asks poor through subtractor, obtain deviation signal, then deviation signal exports to power amplifier after PID regulator processes, and drives angle vibration table motion, thus realizes the electric viscoelasticity feedback control of angle vibration table rotatable parts.
6. the low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as described in one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: air bearing includes bearing block and bearing body, collar bush is connected in bearing body, bearing body is socketed in bearing block, bearing block is fixed with bearing body, is provided with the step coordinated with bearing body bottom main shaft;
The outer surface of bearing body is provided with the air inlet groove of annular, bearing block is provided with the air inlet connected with air inlet groove, bearing body is provided with the radial guiding pore between gas guide bearing body and main shaft, by the upper shaft between gas guide bearing body and work top to gas port with by the lower axial gas port between gas guide bearing body and the step of main shaft, radial guiding pore, upper shaft are respectively equipped with throttle orifice to the outlet side of gas port and lower axial gas port, and are distributed uniformly and circumferentially.
7. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: main shaft hollow forms discharge chamber, the upper end of main shaft is provided with the first exhaust passage that the gas between bearing body and work top introduces discharge chamber, bearing body is provided with the second exhaust passage discharged by the gas between main shaft and bearing body, the air vent of second exhaust passage is positioned at outside the step of main shaft, second exhaust passage is uniformly distributed on bearing body, and second exhaust passage is mutually isolated with air inlet groove.
8. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: first exhaust passage includes being arranged at the circumferential groove of main shaft upper surface, the gas between bearing body and work top is entered the pore of circumferential groove and the gas in circumferential groove is entered the axial hole of discharge chamber;Pore has multiple, and pore circumferentially groove is uniformly distributed;Axial hole has multiple, and axial hole circumferentially groove is uniformly distributed;Pore is offered along the radial direction of main shaft upper surface, and axial hole is axially offered along main shaft;
Second exhaust passage includes that rod radial air vent and axial vent holes, rod radial air vent one end connect with the air film between bearing body and main shaft, and the other end connects with axial vent holes;Forming air film between inner surface and the outer surface of main shaft of bearing body, this air film is referred to as collar air film, and the gas outlet of axial vent holes is as the air vent of second exhaust passage;The gas of collar air film is introduced axial vent holes by rod radial air vent, then is discharged by gas by axial vent holes;
Rod radial air vent runs through bearing body, and one end that rod radial air vent connects with air inlet groove is provided with plug, thus avoids the gas of second exhaust passage to enter in air inlet groove, makes second exhaust passage mutually isolated with air inlet groove.
9. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: shell includes the cylinder fixing with base and the snubber block fixing with the bearing block of air bearing;Space between discharge chamber and moving coil component with central magnetic pole, magnet steel connects;Space between second exhaust passage and snubber block with moving coil component connects;Forming air film between upper surface and the lower surface of work top of bearing body, this air film is referred to as upper push stopping part air film;The gas of upper push stopping part air film is entered in discharge chamber by first exhaust passage, and gas is entered between central magnetic pole, magnet steel and moving coil component by discharge chamber, plays the effect of cooling moving coil component;The gas of collar air film is entered between moving coil component and snubber block by second exhaust passage, also functions to cool down the effect of moving coil component;The gas of first exhaust passage and second exhaust passage is in addition to flowing through moving coil component, and gas is entered in air by the exhaust passage formed finally by the air discharge duct on central magnetic pole, mandrel, the centre bore of base and base end face.
10. low frequency big angle of displacement vibration table as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the coil of moving coil component is covered in the lateral surface of moving-coil matrix, coil includes coil windings and insulating barrier, coil windings and insulating barrier interval are arranged, coil windings at least has one layer, insulating barrier is made up of epoxide-resin glue and glass cloth, and insulating barrier is completely covered the coil windings that it is interior;
Each coil windings includes first coil and the second coil, first coil from inside to outside coiling counterclockwise, the coiling from outside to inside clockwise of second coil, first coil and the second coil are in same layer, first coil and the second coil coiling multiturn respectively, every circle is made up of active wires section and connection conducting line segment respectively, and the active wires section of energising produces Ampere force in magnetic field, connects conducting line segment outside magnetic field;
Active wires section one the Ampere force generating unit of composition being spacedly distributed, the quantity of Ampere force generating unit is the twice of coil windings number, the active wires hop count amount that each Ampere force generating unit comprises is identical, it is filled with epoxide-resin glue between every circle wire of coil windings, connected in series or in parallel between coil windings.
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