Method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle brake technical field, and in particular to a kind of Brake energy recovery side used for electric vehicle
Method.
Background technology
Currently, as the pay attention to day by day of energy-conserving and environment-protective, the use of electric automobile gradually increase.Brakes is that automobile extremely closes
One of important system.Traditional automobile brake typically uses brake fluid system, and it can not realize energy regenerating, and brake
Piece frictional dissipation is very fast.At present, the brakes of electric automobile, in addition to some use traditional brake fluid system, also adopt
One of the brakes, its main purpose for combining (or mixing) with hydraulic braking with electric braking is to utilize wheel driving when braking
Motor charges to battery, to realize the recovery of energy, saves the energy.Such as Publication No. CN 1986272A, entitled
The Chinese patent literature of " electric automobile combines braking control system and control method ", that is, disclose one kind and gathered by sensor
Signal and single-chip microcomputer calculate, corresponding to control proportioning valve output hydraulic pressure brake force, to realize the combination of electric braking and hydraulic braking;Again
Such as Publication No. CN 101913352A, entitled " coordinated braking control method of electric automobile " Chinese patent literature,
It is stilled need by the step such as signal acquisition and single-chip microcomputer calculating to realize the cooperation of electric braking and hydraulic braking;For another example it is public
The number of opening is CN 102310850A, the China of entitled " braking system of electric car that can carry out Brake energy recovery " is special
Sharp document, it is still desirable to calculating and control based on single-chip microcomputer for the control of core.
The above-mentioned electric braking for electric automobile in the prior art and the control mode of hydraulic braking mostly utilize integrated control
Device (or similar single chip machine controlling circuit etc.) processed judges to draw according to control logic set in advance, according to the signal of sensor
The time of control, the mode of control actuator work, the times or frequency of control etc. parameter, but associated actuator is carried out
Control, its whole process need to include gathering the steps such as signal, judgement, calculating, execution, need the regular hour in the process
Delay, it is impossible to adjust the size of conventional hydraulic brake force in real time according to the size of motor braking power in real time;Moreover, prior art
In control process be required for meeting that certain condition just controls actuator to act, control actuator to enter again when meeting next condition
Row acts in next step, and its control process is to be interrupted, be discontinuous;In addition, its Control system architecture is relative complex, the electricity used
Sub- component is more, and cost is more expensive and functional reliability reduces.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle, to realize to electric vehicle brake
The recovery of energy.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle, including
When braking, the direction of motion opposite effect power with piston in hydraulic brake mechanism is produced by brake coordination component, and together
When by wheel drive motors brake caused by electric energy battery is charged by a boost module.
When preferably, in order to be further implemented in brake, start brake coordination component;The braking energy used for electric vehicle
Recovery method also includes:Brake assemblies, the brake assemblies are interior to be provided with travel switch K;When braking, travel switch K is triggered, with
Produce the active force.
Preferably, the hydraulic brake mechanism includes the interior master cylinder for setting the piston, and the piston passes through piston rod
It is connected with brake assemblies.
Preferably, in order to preferably make brake assemblies coordinate brake coordination component operation;The brake assemblies include:It is two-sided
Rack slide;The brake coordination component includes:Single-side rack sliding block;The lower surface of the two-sided rack sliding block passes through driving cog
Wheel assembly coordinates with brake pedal, and a brake coordination gear is engaged between its upper surface and the lower surface of single-side rack sliding block, should
Brake coordination gear is connected with the end of the piston rod;During brake, brake pedal controls double cog by driving gear component
Bar sliding block drives brake coordination pinion rotation, and the brake coordination gear is suitable to drive hydraulic brake mechanism to car by piston rod
Wheel hub produces braking;And the brake coordination component acts power by single-side rack sliding block to brake coordination gear.
Preferably, the active force is produced by simple, reliable circuit structure;The brake coordination component also includes,
Electromagnetic induction device, the battery sensing device are controlled by the auxiliary switch in the travel switch K;The electromagnetic induction device is fitted
In after travel switch K is triggered, it is electric that auxiliary switch controls electromagnetic induction device to obtain, to produce the active force.
Preferably, the electromagnetic induction device includes:Magnet coil, the magnet coil are suitable to obtain electric pull-core;It is described
Iron core is connected with single-side rack sliding block, is suitable for when magnet coil obtains electric, drives single-side rack sliding block to brake coordination gear
Produce the active force.
Preferably, the brake coordination component also includes charging circuit, and the charging circuit is suitable to, in brake, wheel be driven
Electric energy caused by dynamic motor braking charges to battery.
Preferably, in order to avoid after auxiliary switch disconnects, battery also keeps driving effect to wheel drive motors;Institute
Stating charging circuit includes diode;The positive pole of the battery is connected with one end of magnet coil, the other end of the battery coil
Be connected with the negative electrode of the diode, the anode of the diode is connected with the output end of boost module, the boost module it is defeated
Enter end with wheel drive motors one end to be connected, the negative pole of the battery is connected with the other end of wheel drive motors;It is described auxiliary
It is normally closed switch to help switch, and the both ends of the normally closed switch are connected to the positive pole of the input of boost module, battery.
Preferably, in a hollow shell, the magnet coil is set around on the hollow shell periphery iron core sleeve;
One end of the iron core is connected by connecting rod with single-side rack sliding block, and the other end passes through compression spring in the hollow shell
With the inner wall of end resilient engagement of the hollow shell;The iron core carries a pair of magnetic poles, and this is suitable in magnet coil to magnetic pole
It is electric after, make iron core to compression spring direction move.
The invention has the advantages that the method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of (1) present invention, can ensure two
The braking of person is made a concerted effort in the case of meeting automobile brake requirement, and the rate of recovery and can that can improve braking energy in braking procedure subtracts
The loss of small conventional brake friction plate.(2) method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the invention, it is real using mechanical structure
Existing motor braking power and hydraulic braking force within the specific limits continuously, carry out cooperation regulation, mechanical structure phase in real time
Simple, cost is greatly reduced and functional reliability significantly improves.(3) present invention can effectively improve car by boost module
Charge efficiency of the wheel drive motor to battery.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of second of embodiment of the brake energy recovering system used for electric vehicle of the present invention
Figure.
In figure:Wheel hub 1;
Hydraulic brake mechanism 2, brake block 21, wheel cylinder 22, master cylinder 23, piston 24;
Brake assemblies 3, brake pedal 31, the first transfer gear 32, the second transfer gear 33, brake coordination gear 34, the
One fixes guide rail 35, the two-sided rack sliding block 36, travel switch K;
Brake coordination component 4, second fixes guide rail 41, single-side rack sliding block 42, connecting rod 43, iron core 44, hollow shell
45, magnet coil 46, compression spring 47;
Wheel drive motors M, battery E, diode VD.
Embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further explained in detail.These accompanying drawings are simplified schematic diagram, only with
Illustration illustrates the basic structure of the present invention, therefore it only shows the composition relevant with the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of the method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the present invention, including:When braking, braking association
Component 4 is adjusted to produce the direction of motion opposite effect power with piston 24 in hydraulic brake mechanism 2, and simultaneously by wheel drive motors
Electric energy caused by M brakings is charged by a boost module to battery.
Wherein, the boost module can be realized using boost chip, such as, but not limited to mc34063, ICL7660;
The DC source boost module for example disclosed in patent document CN 203933389U can also be used.
Specifically, the method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle also includes:Brake assemblies 3, in the brake assemblies 3
Provided with travel switch K;When braking, travel switch K is triggered, to produce the active force.
The hydraulic brake mechanism 2 includes the interior master cylinder 23 for setting the piston 24, and the piston 24 passes through piston rod
It is connected with brake assemblies 3.
As a kind of optional embodiment of this hydraulic brake mechanism, the hydraulic brake mechanism 2 also includes:Set respectively
In brake block 21 and wheel cylinder 22 on each wheel hub 1;The piston 24 produces hydraulic pressure (brake fluid pressure in master cylinder 23
Power), the hydraulic conduction to wheel cylinder 22 produces corresponding hydraulic braking force and acts on wheel hub 1 by brake block 21, to realize
Brake.
The brake assemblies 3 include:The two-sided rack sliding block 36;The brake coordination component 4 includes:Single-side rack sliding block
42;The lower surface of the two-sided rack sliding block 36 is coordinated by driving gear component and brake pedal 31, its upper surface and one side
A brake coordination gear 34 is engaged between the lower surface of rack slide 42, the end of the brake coordination gear 34 and the piston rod
It is connected.Specifically, the two-sided rack sliding block 36 is arranged on the first fixation guide rail 35 and the first fixation guide rail 35 can be relied on to slide;With
And single-side rack sliding block 42 is movably disposed on the second fixation guide rail 41, suitable for being slided on the second fixation guide rail 41.
When braking, brake pedal 31 controls the two-sided rack sliding block 36 to drive brake coordination gear by driving gear component
34 rotate, and the brake coordination gear 34 is suitable to drive hydraulic brake mechanism 2 to produce braking to wheel hub 1 by piston rod;With
And the brake coordination component 4 produces the active force by single-side rack sliding block 42 to brake coordination gear 34.
Wherein driving gear component includes:First, second transfer gear 33, first transfer gear 32 and brake pedal
31 are connected, and the braking instruction of brake pedal 31 passes sequentially through the first transfer gear 32, the second transfer gear 33, the two-sided rack sliding block
36 pass to brake coordination gear 34, and then are moved with piston 24, so as to produce hydraulic pressure in master cylinder 23, complete brake system
It is dynamic.At the same time, because travel switch K is triggered, the active force acting in opposition is in brake coordination caused by brake coordination component 4
Gear 34, force the hydraulic pressure value in master cylinder suitably to reduce, reduce by the consumed kinetic energy that brakes, and the kinetic energy is driven by wheel
Dynamic motor M brakings are converted into electric energy to store.
The brake coordination component 4 also includes, electromagnetic induction device, and the battery sensing device is by the travel switch K
Auxiliary switch control;The electromagnetic induction device is suitable to after travel switch K is triggered, auxiliary switch control electromagnetic induction device
Must be electric, to produce the active force.
The specific embodiment of the electromagnetic induction device includes:Magnet coil 46, the magnet coil 46 are suitable to obtain electric suction
Close iron core 44;The iron core 44 is connected with single-side rack sliding block 42, is suitable for, when magnet coil 46 obtains electric, driving single-side rack
Sliding block 42 produces the active force to brake coordination gear 34.
As a kind of optional embodiment of electromagnetic induction device, the iron core 44 is sheathed in a hollow shell 45, institute
Magnet coil 46 is stated to be set around on the periphery of hollow shell 45;Slided by connecting rod 43 and single-side rack one end of the iron core 44
Block 42 is connected, and the other end passes through the inner wall of end of compression spring 47 and the hollow shell 45 elasticity in the hollow shell 45
Coordinate;The iron core 44 carries a pair of magnetic poles, this to magnetic pole be suitable to magnet coil 46 it is electric after, make iron core 44 to compression spring
47 directions are moved, while the active force acted in brake coordination gear 34 (opposition, i.e., is stepped on stepping on brake
After plate 31, the active force that brake coordination gear 34 is passed to by the two-sided rack sliding block 36 is opposite).
As another optional embodiment of electromagnetic induction device, the iron core 44 is sheathed in a hollow shell 45,
And positioned at the side of magnet coil 46.
The brake coordination component 4 also includes charging circuit, and the charging circuit is suitable in brake, by wheel drive motors
Electric energy caused by M brakings charges to battery E.
Specific embodiment:The charging circuit includes diode VD;The positive pole of the battery E and magnet coil 46
One end be connected, the other end of the battery coil is connected with the negative electrode of the diode VD, diode VD anode and boosting
The output end of module is connected, and the input of the boost module is connected with wheel drive motors M one end, and the battery E's is negative
Pole is connected with the wheel drive motors M other end;The auxiliary switch is normally closed switch, and the both ends of the normally closed switch connect respectively
Input, battery E positive pole in boost module.
The characteristics of by diode VD one-way, battery E can be effectively avoided to continue to lead to after normally closed switch opening
Magnet coil 46 is crossed to discharge to wheel drive motors M;And by the boost module, it can effectively improve charging effect
Rate.
The operation principle of method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the present invention is:
During electric automobile during traveling, when driver does not touch on the brake pedal 31, auxiliary switch (normally closed switch) closure,
It will be short-circuited by magnet coil 46, battery E powers to wheel drive motors M and drives running car;Now iron core 44 is pressed
The bullet of contracting spring 47 is to the side of hollow shell 45;
When driver steps on brake pedal 31, the braking instruction of brake pedal 31 pass sequentially through the first transfer gear 32,
Second transfer gear 33, the two-sided rack sliding block 36 pass to brake coordination gear 34, and then are moved with piston 24, so that braking
Hydraulic pressure is produced in master cylinder 23, completes skidding;Meanwhile auxiliary switch is opened, wheel drive motors M produces brake force and passed through
Charging circuit charges to battery E, and charging current produces magnetic field when passing through magnet coil 46 so that iron core 44 overcomes compression spring
47 elastic force moves right, and iron core 44 drives single-side rack sliding block 42 to move right by connecting rod 43 so that brake coordination tooth
Wheel 34 rotates backward, and the counter-rotating belts piston 24 of brake coordination gear 34 moves right, so as to reduce in master cylinder 23
Hydraulic pressure (brake fluid pressure).
When driver steps on brake pedal 31, the brake force of vehicle is consequently exerted at brake force (the hydraulic pressure system on wheel hub 1
Hydraulic braking force caused by motivation structure 2) and wheel drive motors M caused by brake force make a concerted effort;When speed is faster, then wheel drives
Caused stalling current is bigger in dynamic motor M, and motor braking power is bigger, and suction caused by magnet coil 46 is bigger, iron
The displacement that core 44 moves is bigger, and for the oil pressure in master cylinder 23 with regard to smaller, hydraulic braking force is smaller, so as to work as automobile high-speed
During braking, increase motor braking power, reduction are rubbed by the conventional friction brake force of hydraulic braking so as to reduce in conventional brake
The abrasion of piece, while improve the rate of recovery of the wheel drive motors M to braking energy.
Optionally, in electric automobile during traveling, if brake coordination component 4 breaks down or battery E is in full power state
When, wheel drive motors M is charged without normal direction battery E and/or generation brake force, and now electric automobile is by hydraulic brake mechanism 2
Braked using conventional hydraulic mode of braking, ensure traffic safety.
Following table is conventional hydraulic mode of braking and method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the invention under each speed
Braking distance test result.
It was found from the table, caused by method for recovering brake energy used for electric vehicle of the invention and conventional hydraulic mode of braking
Braking effect is essentially identical, and therefore, the present invention, which realizes, is ensureing that both braking makes a concerted effort the situation for meeting automobile brake requirement
Under, the rate of recovery and can that can improve braking energy in braking procedure reduces the loss of conventional brake friction plate.
The brake energy recovering system used for electric vehicle of the present invention, makes electric braking force and hydraulic braking force by mechanical structure
Continuously it is adjusted in real time within the specific limits, eliminates controller in the prior art or single chip circuit calculates control and sentenced
Disconnected process, thus its coordinate braking it is ageing more preferably.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of second of embodiment of brake energy recovering system used for electric vehicle.
As shown in Fig. 2 the single-side rack sliding block in the brake coordination component can also be driven by leading screw and be moved left and right
To include instead of electromagnetic induction device, concrete scheme:
The leading screw is driven by motor, and the motor is controlled by a MCU module, and the MCU module passes through Hall sensor
Current value caused by wheel drive motors M brakings is gathered with controlled motor moment of torsion, and then adjusts the displacement of single-side rack sliding block.
It is complete by above-mentioned description, relevant staff using the above-mentioned desirable embodiment according to the present invention as enlightenment
Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention
Property scope is not limited to the content on specification, it is necessary to determines its technical scope according to right.