A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vehicle, and in particular to a kind of electric vehicle of long battery life.
Background technology
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, automobile steps into common people family, as numerous people's
Walking-replacing tool, while increasing gas emission pollutes environment.It is various under the background that environmental administration advocates environmental protection
The electric automobile of purposes arises at the historic moment.
Current electric automobile mostly using battery storage electric energy as power source, its in actual applications, most
The problem for highlighting is exactly short continual mileage.Its main cause is studied carefully because electricity is limited, can not self supplement during traveling.For electricity
For electrical automobile, two most processes of consumption electric energy are traveling and braking.
For traveling process, electric automobile in the process of moving, according to the electric energy that different road conditions are consumed
It is different.It is stable, minimum that consumed electric energy is travelled on flat highway;There is hollow and with the gradient on road surface
Highway on to travel the electric energy of consumption be most.Although in most cases, electric automobile is on the preferable highway of road conditions
Traveling, but in the poor remote districts traveling of road conditions, and the often long-distance electric automobile come and gone with different regions
For, whole driving process will consume more electricity, but in the case where original electricity is constant, the continuation of the journey once charged
Mileage is had a greatly reduced quality, therefore is easier to delay trip.Additionally, electric current during vehicle starting is also larger, starting moment can consume part
Electricity.
For braking procedure, electric automobile needs to be braked according to traffic information in the process of moving, often,
This is also one of mode of raising security.And the braking principle and process of electric automobile are mainly and make by stepping on brake pedal
Vavuum pump produces negative pressure, negative pressure to be delivered to master cylinder, finally controls brake braking brake by master cylinder.This mistake
Most important part is vavuum pump in journey, and vavuum pump operationally needs electric energy to maintain, and can consume more electric energy.It is many
It is well known, during once travelling, repeatedly braking is often may require that, and simultaneously non-once is braked, and thus just produces one more
Distinct issues:Repeatedly the consequence of braking is to consume more electric energy and reduce distance travelled.
In sum, how in the two significant process, it is that current research staff is most badly in need of solving to reduce power consumption
One of problem.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of long battery life it is electronic
The vehicles, can improve endurance by reducing the electric quantity consumption when complex road condition is travelled and is braked.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life,
Including stepless speed regulation engine, battery, motor, brake arm and master cylinder, it is characterised in that:Also include generator, whole
Stream device, decelerator, centrifugal clutch, axle sleeve, brake main pump, brake disc, braking platen, boost pump and brake cylinder;Generate electricity
Machine rotating shaft couples with the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine, and generator electrically connects battery by rectifier;Centrifugal clutch bag
Drive hubs, driven hub and centrifugal-block are included, decelerator includes first gear, second gear, gear optical axis, reduction gearing and dials
Fork;Drive hubs are arranged on the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine, and driven hub is fixed on the same axis with first gear, centrifugal-block
It is arranged in drive hubs;Second gear is fixed on the input shaft of motor, and the wheel footpath of second gear is more than first gear
Wheel footpath, gear optical axis is set in the homonymy of first gear and second gear, and reduction gearing, reduction gearing are arranged with gear optical axis
Upper coupling yoke, shift fork drive reduction gearing moved on gear optical axis, make reduction gearing engage or separate first gear and
Second gear;The piston rod of brake main pump is hinged brake arm, and brake disc is fixed on the output shaft of motor, brakes platen and axle
Equal movable set is covered on the output shaft of motor, and checking cylinder is installed on axle sleeve;Brake cylinder piston rod is connected with braking platen;Help
Power pump is connected with brake cylinder;The piston rod of brake cylinder is connected with the piston rod of master cylinder.
Preferably, rectifier is connected by switch with battery.
Preferably, roller is provided with braking platen, roller is in contact with the piston rod end of boost pump.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, because the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine couples the input shaft of motor by clutch, hair can on the one hand be made
The stepless speed regulation output of motivation matches with the variable speed of motor;On the other hand, because the main shaft of engine passes through clutch
The direct driving electric machine rotation of mechanism, when electric automobile accelerates or climbing is travelled, control clutch is in bonding state,
The kinetic energy demand of the transport condition is augmented by engine, its operating current is increased without motor, beneficial to safeguard motor and
The service life of battery;And kinetic energy directly acts on motor, it is to avoid in the prior art due to the multiple conversions of energy
The energy loss brought.If electric automobile during traveling is at gentle section, clutch is in released state, make electronic vapour
Car is in pure electric mode.
2nd, after braking platen compresses brake disc, braking platen can with the output shaft rotation of motor, so as to compress boost pump,
Make pressure successively via brake cylinder, master cylinder, the brake on wheel is ultimately applied to, so as to realize by motor
Inertia force when output shaft is braked controls master cylinder to work, and then realizes the servobrake of electric automobile stabilization, Ci Zhongfang
Formula both takes full advantage of inertia energy, it is to avoid consumption electric energy, improves the utilization rate of energy.
3rd, because generator electrically connects battery by rectifier, can be opened in the case of the not enough power supply of battery
Dynamic generator, rectified device is that battery charges such that it is able to maintain vehicle to continue to move ahead, it is to avoid in the field without commercial power supply
Institute, by battery cannot be able to brought inconvenience of charging in time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of present invention mixing power assisting device;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the C direction views in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of power-assisted braking arrangement of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view at B-B in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is that TRT of the present invention electrically connects schematic diagram.
Marked in figure:
1st, stepless speed regulation engine;1.1st, engine;1.2nd, reducing belt pulley;1.3rd, main shaft is inner;1.4th, main shaft outer end;
2nd, motor;2.1st, input shaft;2.2nd, output shaft;3rd, centrifugal clutch;3.1st, drive hubs;3.2nd, it is driven
Hub;3.3rd, centrifugal-block;4th, decelerator;4.1st, first gear;4.2nd, second gear;4.3rd, gear optical axis;
4.4th, reduction gearing;4.5th, shift fork;5th, platen is braked;6th, master cylinder;7th, brake arm;8th, brake main pump;
9th, brake disc;10th, generator;11st, frame;12nd, roller;13rd, backward brake cylinder;14th, checking cylinder;
15th, backward boost pump;16th, move ahead boost pump;17th, forward brake wheel cylinder;18th, push bracket;19th, switch;
20th, battery;21st, rectifier;22nd, belt gear;23rd, axle sleeve.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment, is described further to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, moved ahead and the servobrake during backward to realize electric automobile, boost pump is being divided into
Move ahead boost pump 16 and backward boost pump 15, and brake cylinder is divided into forward brake wheel cylinder 17 and backward brake cylinder 13.Move ahead and help
The connection forward brake of power pump 16 wheel cylinder 17, the connection backward of backward boost pump 15 brake cylinder 13, the piston of forward brake wheel cylinder 17
The piston rod of bar and backward brake cylinder 13 couples the piston rod of master cylinder 6 by push bracket 18.Brake arm 7 is arranged on frame
On 11, the piston rod of brake main pump 8 is hinged on brake arm 7.Brake disc 9 is arranged on output shaft 2.2, brakes platen 5 and axle
23 equal movable sets are covered on output shaft 2.2, and braking platen 5 can in axial direction be moved on output shaft 2.2.It is solid on axle sleeve 23
Determine checking cylinder 14, checking cylinder 14 is connected with brake main pump 8 by oil pipe;The piston rod of checking cylinder 14 is connected with braking platen 5, and
Braking platen 5 can be promoted to compress brake disc 9, braking platen 5 is together rotated with brake disc 9.Roller is set on braking platen 5
12, the advance side arc surface of roller 12 is in contact with the piston rod of forward boost pump 16, the arc surface of opposite side and backward power-assisted
The piston rod of pump 15 is in contact.
In the present invention, movable set refers to that by the way of conventional scroll bearing or gap coordinate, can make two connectors
Between a kind of mounting means for producing relative rotation.Therefore, in normal vehicle operation, output shaft 2.2 is rotated, but braking platen
5 and axle sleeve 23 do not rotate.Only after brake pedal is stepped on, when braking platen 5 compresses brake disc 9, the rotation of output shaft 2.2
Inertia can just drive braking platen 5 to rotate together.Because output shaft 2.2 can be processed into multi-diameter shaft, and at stairstepping position
Chamfering sentences prevention axle sleeve axial movement, therefore braking to reduce stress concentration, therefore axle sleeve 23 can be positioned over into hierarchic structure
The piston rod of cylinder 14 can promote braking platen 5 to move forward and backward.Described herein is only the design of routine in Machine Design,
Therefore do not remake and repeat.
As shown in figs. 3 and 6, in order to reduce space and weight, the power drive portion in conventional power plants is removed, and
Using stepless speed regulation engine 1 as Power Drive Unit, so that stepless speed regulation engine 1 not only can serve as power-assisted but also energy
For generating electricity.Instantiation is:The rotating shaft of generator 10 connects stepless speed regulation engine 1 by conventional belt transmission mechanism 22
Main shaft outer end 1.4, does not repeat herein.Generator 10 electrically connects battery 20 by rectifier 21, and rectifier 21 is by switch
19 connection batteries 20.As long as so that stepless speed regulation engine 1 presses switch 19 when starting, making rectifier 21 and electric power storage
Closed-loop path is formed between pond 20, the mechanical energy that stepless speed regulation engine 1 is produced will continuously be turned by generator 10
Chemical conversion electric energy is simultaneously transported in battery 20.Additionally, when not enough power supply occurs in battery 20, can at once start stepless speed regulation hair
Motivation 1 and switch 19, rectified device 21 charges for battery 20 such that it is able to maintain vehicle to continue to move ahead, it is to avoid Liao Wu cities
The place of electricity suppl, by battery 20 cannot be able to brought inconvenience of charging in time.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, assistant force drive device instantiation is:Centrifugal clutch 3 is arranged on stepless speed regulation engine
Between 1 and decelerator 4.Decelerator 4 includes first gear 4.1, second gear 4.2, gear optical axis 4.3, reduction gearing 4.4 and dials
Fork 4.5.Engine 1.1 constitutes stepless speed regulation engine 1 with reducing belt pulley 1.2, and the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine 1 is inner
The drive hubs 3.1 of 1.3 connection centrifugal clutch 3, the connection first gear 4.1 of driven hub 3.2 of centrifugal clutch 3,
Couple second gear 4.2 on the input shaft 2.1 of motor 2, the wheel footpath of second gear 4.2 is more than the wheel footpath of first gear 4.1,
The homonymy of first gear 4.1 and second gear 4.2 sets gear optical axis 4.3, and reduction gearing 4.4 is arranged with gear optical axis 4.3,
Coupling yoke 4.5 in reduction gearing 4.4, shift fork 4.5 drives reduction gearing 4.4 to be moved on gear optical axis 4.3, makes reduction gearing
4.4 engagements separate first gear 4.1 and second gear 4.2.
Stepless speed regulation engine 1 is made up of engine 1.1 and reducing belt pulley 1.2, it is also possible to select other structures form
Stepless speed adjusting gear, as long as make engine 1.1 realize stepless speed regulation export, however it is not limited to its specific structure type.This
Assistant force drive device and TRT in invention are installed in frame 11, are fixed using usual manner, are not repeated herein.
Operation principle of the present invention and the course of work are as follows:
Electric automobile can be detected the operating current of motor 2 when running into climbing or accelerating by electric-control system, work as work
When reaching preset value as electric current, control stepless speed regulation engine 1 starts, it is also possible to manually control stepless speed regulation to start by driver
Machine 1 starts, and drives the drive hubs 3.1 of centrifugal clutch 3 to rotate.Meanwhile, press switch 19 connect charge circuits, now without
The mechanical energy that level speed governing engine 1 is produced is changed into electric energy and is stored into battery 20 by rectifier 21 by generator 10
In so that it is also carried out charging in power-assisted.As shown in figure 1, when the rotating speed of stepless speed regulation engine 1 reaches certain value, connection
Centrifugal-block 3.3 in drive hubs 3.1 is displaced outwardly in the presence of centrifugal force is rotated, and final sum is arranged on centrifugal-block 3.3
The driven hub 3.2 of periphery is combined, and frictional force is produced, so as to drive be rotated with the joining first gear 4.1 of driven hub 3.2.This
When, drive reduction gearing 4.4 to be moved along gear optical axis 4.3 by stirring shift fork 4.5, reduction gearing 4.4 and first gear 4.1 and
Second gear 4.2 is engaged simultaneously, and the kinetic energy of stepless speed regulation engine 1 is directly passed into motor 2, is transmitted by output shaft 2.2
To vehicle bridge, power-assisted is formed, make motor 2 and still climbed with normal value electric current output driving vehicle constant speed.When climbing or acceleration knot
Shu Shi, reduction gearing 4.4 is moved in the opposite direction along gear optical axis 4.3, is disconnected between first gear 4.1 and second gear 4.2
Connection, electric automobile reverts to pure motorized motions mode;Started by electric-control system or artificial stopping stepless speed regulation simultaneously
The operating of machine 1, the centrifugal-block 3.3 being connected in drive hubs 3.1 push back center by spring in the presence of centrifugal force due to losing,
The drive hubs 3.1 of centrifugal clutch 3 are separated with driven hub 3.2, and power-assisted terminates, and switch 19 is now pressed again and is disconnected and charged
Loop, charging also terminates therewith.
Above-mentioned centrifugal clutch 3 is connected between stepless speed regulation engine 1 and reduction gearing 4.4, sends out stepless speed regulation
Motivation 1 directly drives centrifugal clutch 3, slows down without reduction gearing 4.4, still in higher rotation speed state, it is centrifugal from
In the case of the given volume of clutch 3, bigger centrifugal force can be produced, so as to increase between drive hubs 3.1 and driven hub 3.2
Frictional force, be easy to transmit bigger power;But also the volume of centrifugal clutch 3 can be reduced, reduce power assisting device
Space.Centrifugal clutch 3 can make stepless speed regulation engine 1 combine or separate with motor 2, if without shift fork 4.5 or
The de- gear mechanism of person's other structures, after stepless speed regulation engine 1 is closed, centrifugal clutch 3 is separated, and motor 2 is related to be subtracted
Fast gear 4.4 is still being rotated, and original deceleration transmission is changed into step-up drive, can increase motor 2 energy ezpenditure and
Increase drive noise.
In the not enough power supply of battery 20, driver's manual unlocking switch 19, while stepless speed regulation engine 1 is started
Get up, output electric energy is filled to battery 20 by rectifier 21, so that battery 20 can continue as motor 2 and provide electricity
Can, drive vehicle forward.Etc. arriving at or the place with commercial power supply, driver then can closing switch 19 and stepless
Speed governing engine 1, by civil power by charger for battery 20 charges.
As long as stepless speed regulation engine 1 starts, electric current is produced by being closed at switch 19 and is charged.Need not charge
When, switch 19 need to be first disconnected, stepless speed regulation engine 1 is turned off, thereby protect the relevant devices such as engine.
During moving ahead, when stepping on brake pedal, the piston rod of the urges brake main pump 8 of brake arm 7 makes system to electric automobile
Dynamic main pump 8 promotes braking platen 5 to be moved to the direction of brake disc 9, will brake to pump oil in checking cylinder 14, the piston rod of checking cylinder 14
The rubbing surface of platen 5 is contacted with the card of brake disc 9, braking platen 5 is compressed brake disc 9 and is followed brake disc 9 together to rotate,
During braking platen 5 is rotated, roller 12 promotes the piston rod retraction of the boost pump 16 that moves ahead, before the hydraulic oil in it is pumped into
In row brake cylinder 17, now the piston rod of forward brake wheel cylinder 17 stretches out, and drives master cylinder 6 to work, and is braked.Brake
After terminating releasing of brake arm 7, brake arm 7 drives the return of brake main pump 8, and now the piston rod retraction of checking cylinder 14 drives braking pressure
Disk 5 resets, so that braking platen 5 departs from brake disc 9.The boost pump 16 that moves ahead makes piston rod reset in the presence of its spring,
Forward brake wheel cylinder 17 and master cylinder 6 also reset, and wait brake operation next time.It can be seen that, only need driver to be stepped on by brake
Plate applies less power to brake arm 7, can equally realize firmly braking.
Electric automobile when stepping on brake pedal, equally makes brake main pump 8 work to pump in checking cylinder 14 during backward
Oil, the piston rod of checking cylinder 14 promotes braking platen 5 to be moved to the direction of brake disc 9, the rubbing surface of braking platen 5 is compressed brake disc
9 cards follow brake disc 9 together to invert.During reversion, roller 12 promotes the piston rod retraction of backward boost pump 15, will
Hydraulic oil in it is pumped into backward brake cylinder 13, stretches out the piston rod of backward brake cylinder 13, drives the work of master cylinder 6
Make, braked.After brake terminates releasing of brake arm 7, brake main pump 8 and checking cylinder 14 reset, and braking platen 5 rubbing surface departs from
The card of brake disc 9, then backward boost pump 15, backward brake cylinder 13 and master cylinder 6 also reset.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, is appointed
What those skilled in the art changed possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above or be modified as equivalent variations etc.
Effect embodiment.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to technical spirit of the invention to above example institute
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.