CN103287277B - A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life - Google Patents

A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103287277B
CN103287277B CN201310154865.9A CN201310154865A CN103287277B CN 103287277 B CN103287277 B CN 103287277B CN 201310154865 A CN201310154865 A CN 201310154865A CN 103287277 B CN103287277 B CN 103287277B
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China
Prior art keywords
gear
brake
piston rod
cylinder
motor
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CN103287277A (en
Inventor
任祥意
丁纪英
韩晓燕
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Shanghai Nuoyang Automobile Technology Co ltd
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Zibo Zhengbang Intellectual Property Planning Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life, including stepless speed regulation engine, battery, motor, brake arm and master cylinder, it is characterised in that:Also include generator, rectifier, decelerator, centrifugal clutch, axle sleeve, brake main pump, brake disc, braking platen, boost pump and brake cylinder;The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Engine can reduce its electricity consumed in complex road condition or starting with boosting motor;Inertial assisting brake decreases the consumption of electric energy in braking procedure, increases course continuation mileage;Can temporarily be generated electricity electric energy supplement by driven by engine generator when not enough power supply, it is to avoid stop off.

Description

A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vehicle, and in particular to a kind of electric vehicle of long battery life.
Background technology
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, automobile steps into common people family, as numerous people's Walking-replacing tool, while increasing gas emission pollutes environment.It is various under the background that environmental administration advocates environmental protection The electric automobile of purposes arises at the historic moment.
Current electric automobile mostly using battery storage electric energy as power source, its in actual applications, most The problem for highlighting is exactly short continual mileage.Its main cause is studied carefully because electricity is limited, can not self supplement during traveling.For electricity For electrical automobile, two most processes of consumption electric energy are traveling and braking.
For traveling process, electric automobile in the process of moving, according to the electric energy that different road conditions are consumed It is different.It is stable, minimum that consumed electric energy is travelled on flat highway;There is hollow and with the gradient on road surface Highway on to travel the electric energy of consumption be most.Although in most cases, electric automobile is on the preferable highway of road conditions Traveling, but in the poor remote districts traveling of road conditions, and the often long-distance electric automobile come and gone with different regions For, whole driving process will consume more electricity, but in the case where original electricity is constant, the continuation of the journey once charged Mileage is had a greatly reduced quality, therefore is easier to delay trip.Additionally, electric current during vehicle starting is also larger, starting moment can consume part Electricity.
For braking procedure, electric automobile needs to be braked according to traffic information in the process of moving, often, This is also one of mode of raising security.And the braking principle and process of electric automobile are mainly and make by stepping on brake pedal Vavuum pump produces negative pressure, negative pressure to be delivered to master cylinder, finally controls brake braking brake by master cylinder.This mistake Most important part is vavuum pump in journey, and vavuum pump operationally needs electric energy to maintain, and can consume more electric energy.It is many It is well known, during once travelling, repeatedly braking is often may require that, and simultaneously non-once is braked, and thus just produces one more Distinct issues:Repeatedly the consequence of braking is to consume more electric energy and reduce distance travelled.
In sum, how in the two significant process, it is that current research staff is most badly in need of solving to reduce power consumption One of problem.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is:Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of long battery life it is electronic The vehicles, can improve endurance by reducing the electric quantity consumption when complex road condition is travelled and is braked.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life, Including stepless speed regulation engine, battery, motor, brake arm and master cylinder, it is characterised in that:Also include generator, whole Stream device, decelerator, centrifugal clutch, axle sleeve, brake main pump, brake disc, braking platen, boost pump and brake cylinder;Generate electricity Machine rotating shaft couples with the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine, and generator electrically connects battery by rectifier;Centrifugal clutch bag Drive hubs, driven hub and centrifugal-block are included, decelerator includes first gear, second gear, gear optical axis, reduction gearing and dials Fork;Drive hubs are arranged on the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine, and driven hub is fixed on the same axis with first gear, centrifugal-block It is arranged in drive hubs;Second gear is fixed on the input shaft of motor, and the wheel footpath of second gear is more than first gear Wheel footpath, gear optical axis is set in the homonymy of first gear and second gear, and reduction gearing, reduction gearing are arranged with gear optical axis Upper coupling yoke, shift fork drive reduction gearing moved on gear optical axis, make reduction gearing engage or separate first gear and Second gear;The piston rod of brake main pump is hinged brake arm, and brake disc is fixed on the output shaft of motor, brakes platen and axle Equal movable set is covered on the output shaft of motor, and checking cylinder is installed on axle sleeve;Brake cylinder piston rod is connected with braking platen;Help Power pump is connected with brake cylinder;The piston rod of brake cylinder is connected with the piston rod of master cylinder.
Preferably, rectifier is connected by switch with battery.
Preferably, roller is provided with braking platen, roller is in contact with the piston rod end of boost pump.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, because the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine couples the input shaft of motor by clutch, hair can on the one hand be made The stepless speed regulation output of motivation matches with the variable speed of motor;On the other hand, because the main shaft of engine passes through clutch The direct driving electric machine rotation of mechanism, when electric automobile accelerates or climbing is travelled, control clutch is in bonding state, The kinetic energy demand of the transport condition is augmented by engine, its operating current is increased without motor, beneficial to safeguard motor and The service life of battery;And kinetic energy directly acts on motor, it is to avoid in the prior art due to the multiple conversions of energy The energy loss brought.If electric automobile during traveling is at gentle section, clutch is in released state, make electronic vapour Car is in pure electric mode.
2nd, after braking platen compresses brake disc, braking platen can with the output shaft rotation of motor, so as to compress boost pump, Make pressure successively via brake cylinder, master cylinder, the brake on wheel is ultimately applied to, so as to realize by motor Inertia force when output shaft is braked controls master cylinder to work, and then realizes the servobrake of electric automobile stabilization, Ci Zhongfang Formula both takes full advantage of inertia energy, it is to avoid consumption electric energy, improves the utilization rate of energy.
3rd, because generator electrically connects battery by rectifier, can be opened in the case of the not enough power supply of battery Dynamic generator, rectified device is that battery charges such that it is able to maintain vehicle to continue to move ahead, it is to avoid in the field without commercial power supply Institute, by battery cannot be able to brought inconvenience of charging in time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of present invention mixing power assisting device;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view at A-A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the C direction views in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of power-assisted braking arrangement of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view at B-B in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is that TRT of the present invention electrically connects schematic diagram.
Marked in figure:
1st, stepless speed regulation engine;1.1st, engine;1.2nd, reducing belt pulley;1.3rd, main shaft is inner;1.4th, main shaft outer end;
2nd, motor;2.1st, input shaft;2.2nd, output shaft;3rd, centrifugal clutch;3.1st, drive hubs;3.2nd, it is driven Hub;3.3rd, centrifugal-block;4th, decelerator;4.1st, first gear;4.2nd, second gear;4.3rd, gear optical axis;
4.4th, reduction gearing;4.5th, shift fork;5th, platen is braked;6th, master cylinder;7th, brake arm;8th, brake main pump;
9th, brake disc;10th, generator;11st, frame;12nd, roller;13rd, backward brake cylinder;14th, checking cylinder;
15th, backward boost pump;16th, move ahead boost pump;17th, forward brake wheel cylinder;18th, push bracket;19th, switch;
20th, battery;21st, rectifier;22nd, belt gear;23rd, axle sleeve.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment, is described further to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, moved ahead and the servobrake during backward to realize electric automobile, boost pump is being divided into Move ahead boost pump 16 and backward boost pump 15, and brake cylinder is divided into forward brake wheel cylinder 17 and backward brake cylinder 13.Move ahead and help The connection forward brake of power pump 16 wheel cylinder 17, the connection backward of backward boost pump 15 brake cylinder 13, the piston of forward brake wheel cylinder 17 The piston rod of bar and backward brake cylinder 13 couples the piston rod of master cylinder 6 by push bracket 18.Brake arm 7 is arranged on frame On 11, the piston rod of brake main pump 8 is hinged on brake arm 7.Brake disc 9 is arranged on output shaft 2.2, brakes platen 5 and axle 23 equal movable sets are covered on output shaft 2.2, and braking platen 5 can in axial direction be moved on output shaft 2.2.It is solid on axle sleeve 23 Determine checking cylinder 14, checking cylinder 14 is connected with brake main pump 8 by oil pipe;The piston rod of checking cylinder 14 is connected with braking platen 5, and Braking platen 5 can be promoted to compress brake disc 9, braking platen 5 is together rotated with brake disc 9.Roller is set on braking platen 5 12, the advance side arc surface of roller 12 is in contact with the piston rod of forward boost pump 16, the arc surface of opposite side and backward power-assisted The piston rod of pump 15 is in contact.
In the present invention, movable set refers to that by the way of conventional scroll bearing or gap coordinate, can make two connectors Between a kind of mounting means for producing relative rotation.Therefore, in normal vehicle operation, output shaft 2.2 is rotated, but braking platen 5 and axle sleeve 23 do not rotate.Only after brake pedal is stepped on, when braking platen 5 compresses brake disc 9, the rotation of output shaft 2.2 Inertia can just drive braking platen 5 to rotate together.Because output shaft 2.2 can be processed into multi-diameter shaft, and at stairstepping position Chamfering sentences prevention axle sleeve axial movement, therefore braking to reduce stress concentration, therefore axle sleeve 23 can be positioned over into hierarchic structure The piston rod of cylinder 14 can promote braking platen 5 to move forward and backward.Described herein is only the design of routine in Machine Design, Therefore do not remake and repeat.
As shown in figs. 3 and 6, in order to reduce space and weight, the power drive portion in conventional power plants is removed, and Using stepless speed regulation engine 1 as Power Drive Unit, so that stepless speed regulation engine 1 not only can serve as power-assisted but also energy For generating electricity.Instantiation is:The rotating shaft of generator 10 connects stepless speed regulation engine 1 by conventional belt transmission mechanism 22 Main shaft outer end 1.4, does not repeat herein.Generator 10 electrically connects battery 20 by rectifier 21, and rectifier 21 is by switch 19 connection batteries 20.As long as so that stepless speed regulation engine 1 presses switch 19 when starting, making rectifier 21 and electric power storage Closed-loop path is formed between pond 20, the mechanical energy that stepless speed regulation engine 1 is produced will continuously be turned by generator 10 Chemical conversion electric energy is simultaneously transported in battery 20.Additionally, when not enough power supply occurs in battery 20, can at once start stepless speed regulation hair Motivation 1 and switch 19, rectified device 21 charges for battery 20 such that it is able to maintain vehicle to continue to move ahead, it is to avoid Liao Wu cities The place of electricity suppl, by battery 20 cannot be able to brought inconvenience of charging in time.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, assistant force drive device instantiation is:Centrifugal clutch 3 is arranged on stepless speed regulation engine Between 1 and decelerator 4.Decelerator 4 includes first gear 4.1, second gear 4.2, gear optical axis 4.3, reduction gearing 4.4 and dials Fork 4.5.Engine 1.1 constitutes stepless speed regulation engine 1 with reducing belt pulley 1.2, and the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine 1 is inner The drive hubs 3.1 of 1.3 connection centrifugal clutch 3, the connection first gear 4.1 of driven hub 3.2 of centrifugal clutch 3, Couple second gear 4.2 on the input shaft 2.1 of motor 2, the wheel footpath of second gear 4.2 is more than the wheel footpath of first gear 4.1, The homonymy of first gear 4.1 and second gear 4.2 sets gear optical axis 4.3, and reduction gearing 4.4 is arranged with gear optical axis 4.3, Coupling yoke 4.5 in reduction gearing 4.4, shift fork 4.5 drives reduction gearing 4.4 to be moved on gear optical axis 4.3, makes reduction gearing 4.4 engagements separate first gear 4.1 and second gear 4.2.
Stepless speed regulation engine 1 is made up of engine 1.1 and reducing belt pulley 1.2, it is also possible to select other structures form Stepless speed adjusting gear, as long as make engine 1.1 realize stepless speed regulation export, however it is not limited to its specific structure type.This Assistant force drive device and TRT in invention are installed in frame 11, are fixed using usual manner, are not repeated herein.
Operation principle of the present invention and the course of work are as follows:
Electric automobile can be detected the operating current of motor 2 when running into climbing or accelerating by electric-control system, work as work When reaching preset value as electric current, control stepless speed regulation engine 1 starts, it is also possible to manually control stepless speed regulation to start by driver Machine 1 starts, and drives the drive hubs 3.1 of centrifugal clutch 3 to rotate.Meanwhile, press switch 19 connect charge circuits, now without The mechanical energy that level speed governing engine 1 is produced is changed into electric energy and is stored into battery 20 by rectifier 21 by generator 10 In so that it is also carried out charging in power-assisted.As shown in figure 1, when the rotating speed of stepless speed regulation engine 1 reaches certain value, connection Centrifugal-block 3.3 in drive hubs 3.1 is displaced outwardly in the presence of centrifugal force is rotated, and final sum is arranged on centrifugal-block 3.3 The driven hub 3.2 of periphery is combined, and frictional force is produced, so as to drive be rotated with the joining first gear 4.1 of driven hub 3.2.This When, drive reduction gearing 4.4 to be moved along gear optical axis 4.3 by stirring shift fork 4.5, reduction gearing 4.4 and first gear 4.1 and Second gear 4.2 is engaged simultaneously, and the kinetic energy of stepless speed regulation engine 1 is directly passed into motor 2, is transmitted by output shaft 2.2 To vehicle bridge, power-assisted is formed, make motor 2 and still climbed with normal value electric current output driving vehicle constant speed.When climbing or acceleration knot Shu Shi, reduction gearing 4.4 is moved in the opposite direction along gear optical axis 4.3, is disconnected between first gear 4.1 and second gear 4.2 Connection, electric automobile reverts to pure motorized motions mode;Started by electric-control system or artificial stopping stepless speed regulation simultaneously The operating of machine 1, the centrifugal-block 3.3 being connected in drive hubs 3.1 push back center by spring in the presence of centrifugal force due to losing, The drive hubs 3.1 of centrifugal clutch 3 are separated with driven hub 3.2, and power-assisted terminates, and switch 19 is now pressed again and is disconnected and charged Loop, charging also terminates therewith.
Above-mentioned centrifugal clutch 3 is connected between stepless speed regulation engine 1 and reduction gearing 4.4, sends out stepless speed regulation Motivation 1 directly drives centrifugal clutch 3, slows down without reduction gearing 4.4, still in higher rotation speed state, it is centrifugal from In the case of the given volume of clutch 3, bigger centrifugal force can be produced, so as to increase between drive hubs 3.1 and driven hub 3.2 Frictional force, be easy to transmit bigger power;But also the volume of centrifugal clutch 3 can be reduced, reduce power assisting device Space.Centrifugal clutch 3 can make stepless speed regulation engine 1 combine or separate with motor 2, if without shift fork 4.5 or The de- gear mechanism of person's other structures, after stepless speed regulation engine 1 is closed, centrifugal clutch 3 is separated, and motor 2 is related to be subtracted Fast gear 4.4 is still being rotated, and original deceleration transmission is changed into step-up drive, can increase motor 2 energy ezpenditure and Increase drive noise.
In the not enough power supply of battery 20, driver's manual unlocking switch 19, while stepless speed regulation engine 1 is started Get up, output electric energy is filled to battery 20 by rectifier 21, so that battery 20 can continue as motor 2 and provide electricity Can, drive vehicle forward.Etc. arriving at or the place with commercial power supply, driver then can closing switch 19 and stepless Speed governing engine 1, by civil power by charger for battery 20 charges.
As long as stepless speed regulation engine 1 starts, electric current is produced by being closed at switch 19 and is charged.Need not charge When, switch 19 need to be first disconnected, stepless speed regulation engine 1 is turned off, thereby protect the relevant devices such as engine.
During moving ahead, when stepping on brake pedal, the piston rod of the urges brake main pump 8 of brake arm 7 makes system to electric automobile Dynamic main pump 8 promotes braking platen 5 to be moved to the direction of brake disc 9, will brake to pump oil in checking cylinder 14, the piston rod of checking cylinder 14 The rubbing surface of platen 5 is contacted with the card of brake disc 9, braking platen 5 is compressed brake disc 9 and is followed brake disc 9 together to rotate, During braking platen 5 is rotated, roller 12 promotes the piston rod retraction of the boost pump 16 that moves ahead, before the hydraulic oil in it is pumped into In row brake cylinder 17, now the piston rod of forward brake wheel cylinder 17 stretches out, and drives master cylinder 6 to work, and is braked.Brake After terminating releasing of brake arm 7, brake arm 7 drives the return of brake main pump 8, and now the piston rod retraction of checking cylinder 14 drives braking pressure Disk 5 resets, so that braking platen 5 departs from brake disc 9.The boost pump 16 that moves ahead makes piston rod reset in the presence of its spring, Forward brake wheel cylinder 17 and master cylinder 6 also reset, and wait brake operation next time.It can be seen that, only need driver to be stepped on by brake Plate applies less power to brake arm 7, can equally realize firmly braking.
Electric automobile when stepping on brake pedal, equally makes brake main pump 8 work to pump in checking cylinder 14 during backward Oil, the piston rod of checking cylinder 14 promotes braking platen 5 to be moved to the direction of brake disc 9, the rubbing surface of braking platen 5 is compressed brake disc 9 cards follow brake disc 9 together to invert.During reversion, roller 12 promotes the piston rod retraction of backward boost pump 15, will Hydraulic oil in it is pumped into backward brake cylinder 13, stretches out the piston rod of backward brake cylinder 13, drives the work of master cylinder 6 Make, braked.After brake terminates releasing of brake arm 7, brake main pump 8 and checking cylinder 14 reset, and braking platen 5 rubbing surface departs from The card of brake disc 9, then backward boost pump 15, backward brake cylinder 13 and master cylinder 6 also reset.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the limitation for making other forms to the present invention, is appointed What those skilled in the art changed possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above or be modified as equivalent variations etc. Effect embodiment.But it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, according to technical spirit of the invention to above example institute Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of electric vehicle of long battery life, including stepless speed regulation engine, battery, motor, brake arm and Master cylinder, it is characterised in that:Also include generator, rectifier, decelerator, centrifugal clutch, axle sleeve, brake main pump, system Moving plate, braking platen, boost pump and brake cylinder;
Alternator shaft couples with the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine, and generator electrically connects battery by rectifier;
Centrifugal clutch includes drive hubs, driven hub and centrifugal-block, and decelerator includes first gear, second gear, gear Optical axis, reduction gearing and shift fork;
Drive hubs are arranged on the main shaft of stepless speed regulation engine, and driven hub is fixed on the same axis with first gear, centrifugation Block is arranged in drive hubs;Second gear is fixed on the input shaft of motor, and the wheel footpath of second gear is more than first gear Wheel footpath, first gear and second gear homonymy set gear optical axis, reduction gearing, reducing gear are arranged with gear optical axis Coupling yoke on wheel, shift fork drives reduction gearing to be moved on gear optical axis, reduction gearing is engaged or separate first gear And second gear;
The piston rod of brake main pump is hinged brake arm, and brake disc is fixed on the output shaft of motor, and braking platen and axle sleeve are equal Movable set installs checking cylinder on the output shaft of motor on axle sleeve;Brake cylinder piston rod is connected with braking platen;Braking pressure Roller is provided with disk, roller is in contact with the piston rod end of boost pump, and boost pump is connected with brake cylinder;Brake cylinder Piston rod be connected with the piston rod of master cylinder.
2. the electric vehicle of a kind of long battery life according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Rectifier is by opening Pass is connected with battery.
CN201310154865.9A 2013-04-28 2013-04-28 A kind of electric vehicle of long battery life Active CN103287277B (en)

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106143463A (en) * 2016-07-07 2016-11-23 张洪涛 A kind of electromechanical braking device
CN108674199A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-10-19 周伟 The extended-range power plant of electric vehicle

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN87208185U (en) * 1987-05-16 1988-05-25 焦震 Multifunction automobile brake system
EP0826544B1 (en) * 1996-09-03 2001-11-21 Tai Her Yang Combined driving system comprising electrical machine and internal combustion engine
JP3649312B2 (en) * 1997-09-13 2005-05-18 本田技研工業株式会社 Driving force transmission device for hybrid vehicle
CN1435581A (en) * 2002-01-31 2003-08-13 王跃军 Method for secondary braking
JP4008437B2 (en) * 2004-08-10 2007-11-14 本田技研工業株式会社 Power module drive control device and hybrid vehicle
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CN201726244U (en) * 2010-07-14 2011-01-26 清华大学 Neutral position placing single-speed ratio speed reducer for electric vehicle driving motor

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