CN105946591B - Low-cost electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system for electric automobile - Google Patents

Low-cost electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system for electric automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105946591B
CN105946591B CN201610301162.8A CN201610301162A CN105946591B CN 105946591 B CN105946591 B CN 105946591B CN 201610301162 A CN201610301162 A CN 201610301162A CN 105946591 B CN105946591 B CN 105946591B
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transfer gear
sliding block
brake
braking
brake pedal
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CN105946591A (en
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张焱
王群山
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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Jiangsu University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/24Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
    • B60L7/26Controlling the braking effect

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a low-cost electric automobile electric brake and hydraulic brake coordination control system, which comprises a wheel hub, a hydraulic brake assembly, a wheel driving motor M, a power battery E, a brake assembly and an electric brake coordination assembly, wherein the wheel hub is connected with the hydraulic brake assembly; the electric braking coordination assembly comprises a second fixed guide rail, a single-sided rack sliding block, a connecting rod, an electromagnet, an iron core sealing ring, nitrogen and a brake pedal travel switch K; the working method of the electric braking and hydraulic braking coordination control system of the electric automobile mainly utilizes the reverse charging current of a wheel driving motor M for a power battery E during braking to generate reverse braking force to coordinate with the hydraulic braking force through an electromagnet, so that the hydraulic braking pressure is reduced. The invention adopts a mechanical structure to realize the continuous and real-time coordination and adjustment of the motor braking force and the hydraulic braking force in a certain range, has relatively simple structure, greatly reduces the cost and obviously improves the working reliability.

Description

The electric automobile electric braking of low cost and hydraulic braking coordinated control system
The application be Application No. 201410719156.5, the applying date be on December 1st, 2014, invention and created name is The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of " electric automobile electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vehicle brake technical field, and in particular to a kind of electric automobile electric braking is assisted with hydraulic braking Adjust control system.
Background technology
Currently, as the pay attention to day by day of energy-conserving and environment-protective, the use of electric automobile gradually increase.Brakes is that automobile extremely closes One of important system.Traditional automobile brake typically uses brake fluid system, and it can not realize energy regenerating, and brake Piece frictional dissipation is very fast.At present, the brakes of electric automobile, in addition to some use traditional brake fluid system, also adopt Combined with electric braking with hydraulic braking(Or mixing)One of brakes, its main purpose be using brake when wheel driving Motor charges to battery, to realize the recovery of energy, saves the energy.Such as Publication No. CN 1986272A, entitled The Chinese patent literature of " electric automobile combines braking control system and control method ", that is, disclose one kind and gathered by sensor Signal and single-chip microcomputer calculate, corresponding to control proportioning valve output hydraulic pressure brake force, to realize the combination of electric braking and hydraulic braking;Again Such as Publication No. CN 101913352A, entitled " coordinated braking control method of electric automobile " Chinese patent literature, It is stilled need by the step such as signal acquisition and single-chip microcomputer calculating to realize the cooperation of electric braking and hydraulic braking;For another example it is public The number of opening is CN 102310850A, the China of entitled " braking system of electric car that can carry out Brake energy recovery " is special Sharp document, it is still desirable to calculating and control based on single-chip microcomputer for the control of core.
The above-mentioned electric braking for electric automobile in the prior art and the control mode of hydraulic braking mostly utilize integrated control Device processed(Or similar single chip machine controlling circuit etc.)Judge to draw according to control logic set in advance, according to the signal of sensor The time of control, the mode of control actuator work, the times or frequency of control etc. parameter, but associated actuator is carried out Control, its whole process need to include gathering the steps such as signal, judgement, calculating, execution, need the regular hour in the process Delay, it is impossible to adjust the size of conventional hydraulic brake force in real time according to the size of motor braking power in real time;Moreover, prior art In control process be required for meeting that certain condition just controls actuator to act, control actuator to enter again when meeting next condition Row acts in next step, and its control process is to be interrupted, be discontinuous;In addition, its Control system architecture is relative complex, the electricity used Sub- component is more, and cost is more expensive and functional reliability reduces.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is:In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of to be calculated without controller or single chip circuit Control, motor braking power and hydraulic braking force are continuously adjusted, are being protected in real time within the specific limits by mechanical structure Energy Efficient recovery is realized on the premise of card automobile effective brake and cost is high, electric automobile electric braking and liquid of reliable operation Press brake coordination control system.
The technical scheme is that:The inexpensive electric automobile electric braking of the present invention coordinates control system with hydraulic braking System, including wheel hub, hydraulic brake assembly, wheel drive motors M and electrokinetic cell E;Above-mentioned hydraulic brake assembly includes stopping Car piece, wheel cylinder, master cylinder and piston;Piston has connected piston ring and piston rod, and the piston ring of piston is movably It is arranged in master cylinder;One end of piston rod is fixedly connected with piston ring, and the other end of piston rod is stretched out outside master cylinder;Its It is structurally characterized in that:Also include brake assemblies and electric braking coordination component;
Above-mentioned brake assemblies include brake pedal, the first transfer gear, the second transfer gear, the 3rd transfer gear, the Four transfer gears, first fix guide rail and the two-sided rack sliding block;
Brake pedal and the first transfer gear are connected;First transfer gear and the second transfer gear are connected, the Two transfer gears are connected with the coaxial transmission of the 3rd transfer gear;First fixation guide rail is fixedly installed on electric automobile;It is two-sided Rack slide is the sliding block that upper and lower both sides are provided with the rack being respectively cooperating with the 3rd transfer gear and the 4th transfer gear;Double cog Bar sliding block is arranged on the first fixation guide rail and the first fixation guide rail can be relied on to move;3rd transfer gear and the two-sided rack sliding block Downside drive connection;The upside of the two-sided rack sliding block is connected with the 4th transfer gear;4th transfer gear with it is above-mentioned The right-hand member that the piston rod of the piston of hydraulic brake assembly is stretched out outside master cylinder is fixedly connected;
Electric braking coordination component include second fix guide rail, single-side rack sliding block, connecting rod, electromagnet, iron core sealing ring, Nitrogen and brake pedal travel switch K;
Second fixation guide rail is fixedly installed on electric automobile;Single-side rack sliding block is that downside is provided with and the 4th transfer gear The sliding block of the rack of cooperation;Single-side rack sliding block is arranged on the second fixation guide rail and can rely on the second fixation guide rail or so Xiang Yi It is dynamic;4th transfer gear of single-side rack sliding block and described brake assemblies is connected;The left end and single-side rack of connecting rod The right-hand member of sliding block is fixedly connected;Electromagnet includes housing, iron core and coil;Housing is hollow column member, the left side of housing Opening;Coil is wrapped on housing;Iron core is arranged in housing, and can be moved left and right in housing, and the right part of iron core is provided with close Seal mounting groove;The right-hand member of connecting rod is fixedly connected by the opening of housing with the left side of iron core;Iron core sealing ring is arranged on In the sealing ring mounting groove of iron core;So as to be made up of the right part inner chamber of the housing of the right-hand member of iron core, iron core sealing ring and electromagnet One plenum space;Nitrogen is compressiblly arranged in the plenum space;Brake pedal travel switch K and above-mentioned brake assemblies Brake pedal be equipped with;When brake pedal is not stepped on, brake pedal travel switch K is in closure state;When brake is stepped on When plate is stepped on, brake pedal travel switch K is in open mode;
The positive pole of brake pedal travel switch K one end, one end of coil and electrokinetic cell E is conllinear;Electrokinetic cell E's Negative pole electrically connects with one end of wheel drive motors M power end;The brake pedal travel switch K other end, coil it is another The other end of end and wheel drive motors M power end is conllinear.
The present invention has positive effect:(1)The inexpensive electric automobile electric braking of the present invention is coordinated with hydraulic braking Control system, realize that motor braking power is carried out continuously, in real time within the specific limits with hydraulic braking force using mechanical structure Cooperation is adjusted, without being controlled as needing to calculate by collecting sensor signal, controller or single chip circuit in the prior art System, so as to which structure is relatively easy, cost is greatly reduced and functional reliability significantly improves.(2)The inexpensive electricity of the present invention Electrical automobile electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system, make electric braking force with hydraulic braking force in certain model by mechanical structure Enclose it is interior be continuously adjusted in real time, eliminate controller in the prior art or single chip circuit and calculate control and deterministic process, Thus its coordinate braking it is ageing more preferably.(3)The inexpensive electric automobile electric braking of the present invention is coordinated to control with hydraulic braking System processed, its motor braking power and hydraulic braking force inversely, i.e., the increase of motor braking power when hydraulic braking force reduce, electricity Hydraulic braking force increase when brake force reduces, in the case where the braking for ensureing both makes a concerted effort to meet automobile brake requirement, both The rate of recovery and can that braking energy in braking procedure can be improved reduces the loss of conventional brake friction plate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is another structural representation of the present invention.
Reference in above-mentioned accompanying drawing is as follows:
Wheel hub 1,
Hydraulic brake assembly 2, brake block 21, wheel cylinder 22, master cylinder 23, piston 24,
Brake assemblies 3, brake pedal 31, the first transfer gear 32, the second transfer gear 33, the 3rd transfer gear 34, the Four transfer gears 35, the first fixation guide rail 36, the two-sided rack sliding block 37,
Electric braking coordination component 4, second fixes guide rail 41, single-side rack sliding block 42, connecting rod 43, electromagnet 44, housing 44-1, iron core 44-2, coil 44-3, compression spring 45, brake pedal travel switch K, iron core sealing ring 46, nitrogen 47,
Wheel drive motors M,
Electrokinetic cell E.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
(Embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1, the inexpensive electric automobile electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system of the present embodiment, mainly by car Wheel hub 1, hydraulic brake assembly 2, brake assemblies 3, electric braking coordination component 4, wheel drive motors M and electrokinetic cell E compositions.
Hydraulic brake assembly 2 is mainly made up of brake block 21, wheel cylinder 22, master cylinder 23 and piston 24.Brake block 21 and wheel cylinder 22 on each wheel hub 1 of automobile distinguish it is each set 1 set;Master cylinder 23 is arranged on automobile, piston 24 have connected piston ring and piston rod, and the piston ring of piston 24 is movably disposed in master cylinder 23;The one of piston rod End is fixedly connected with piston ring, and the other end of piston rod is stretched out to the right outside master cylinder 23.
Brake assemblies 3 are mainly by brake pedal 31, the first transfer gear 32, the second transfer gear 33, the 3rd transfer gear 34th, the 4th transfer gear 35, the first fixation guide rail 36 and the two-sided rack sliding block 37 form.
The top of brake pedal 31 and the center of the first transfer gear 32 are respectively and fixedly installed in same root rotating shaft, so as to So that brake pedal 31 is coordinated by rotating shaft and the transmission of the first transfer gear 32;First transfer gear 32 and the second transfer gear 33 Drive connection, the second transfer gear 33 and the 3rd transfer gear 34 are coaxially connected;First fixation guide rail 36 is fixedly installed on electronic On automobile;The two-sided rack sliding block about 37 both sides be provided be respectively cooperating with the 3rd transfer gear 34 and the 4th transfer gear 35 The sliding block of rack;The two-sided rack sliding block 37 is arranged on the first fixation guide rail 36 and the first fixation guide rail can be relied on to move;3rd The downside of transfer gear 34 and the two-sided rack sliding block 37 is connected;The upside of the two-sided rack sliding block 37 and the 4th transfer gear 35 Drive connection;The stretching master cylinder 23 of 4th transfer gear 35 and the piston rod of the piston 24 of foregoing hydraulic brake assembly 2 Outer right-hand member is fixedly connected.
Electric braking coordination component 4 mainly by second fix guide rail 41, single-side rack sliding block 42, connecting rod 43, electromagnet 44, Compression spring 45 and brake pedal travel switch K compositions.
Second fixation guide rail 41 is fixedly installed on electric automobile;Single-side rack sliding block 42 is that side is provided with and the 4th conduction The sliding block for the rack that gear 35 coordinates;Single-side rack sliding block 42 is arranged on the second fixation guide rail 41 and the second fixation can be relied on to lead Rail 41 or so is to movement;4th transfer gear 35 of single-side rack sliding block 42 and brake assemblies 3 is connected;A left side for connecting rod 43 End is fixedly connected with the right-hand member of single-side rack sliding block 42;Electromagnet 44 includes housing 44-1, iron core 44-2 and coil 44-3;Housing 44-1 is hollow column member, housing 44-1 left side opening;Coil 44-3 is wrapped on housing 44-1;Iron core 44-2 is set In housing 44-1, and it can be moved left and right in housing 44-1;The opening and iron core that the right-hand member of connecting rod 43 passes through housing 44-1 44-2 left side is fixedly connected, so as to realize iron core 44-2 and single-side rack sliding block 42 drive connection by connecting rod 43; Iron core 44-2 right-hand member is in housing 44-1 by being arranged on the compression spring 45 of right part in housing 44-1 and the housing 44-1 right side Side inwall elastic abutment.Brake pedal travel switch K and foregoing brake assemblies 3 brake pedal 31 are equipped with;Work as brake When pedal 31 is not stepped on, brake pedal travel switch K is in closure state;When brake pedal 31 is stepped on, brake pedal stroke Switch K is in open mode.
The positive pole of brake pedal travel switch K one end, coil 44-3 one end and electrokinetic cell E is conllinear;Power electric Pond E negative pole electrically connects with one end of wheel drive motors M power end;The brake pedal travel switch K other end, coil The other end of the 44-3 other end and wheel drive motors M power end electrically connects.
The electric automobile electric braking of the present embodiment and hydraulic braking coordinated control system, its method of work include following step Suddenly:
1. in electric automobile during traveling, when driver does not touch on the brake pedal 31, brake pedal travel switch K closures will be through The coil 44-3 of electromagnet 44 line short is crossed, electrokinetic cell E powers to wheel drive motors M and drives running car;Now Iron core 44-2 in electromagnet 44 is pressed in the housing 44-1 of electromagnet 44 opening side by compression spring 45;
2. in electric automobile during traveling, when driver steps on brake pedal 31, brake pedal 31 passes sequentially through the first conduction Gear 32, the second transfer gear 33, the 3rd transfer gear 34, the transfer gear 35 of the two-sided rack sliding block 37 and the 4th driving piston 24 It is moved to the left and hydraulic pressure is produced in master cylinder 23, producing hydraulic braking force in the hydraulic conduction to wheel cylinder 22 passes through brake Car piece 21 acts on wheel hub 1 and braked;Meanwhile brake pedal travel switch K is opened, wheel drive motors M produces plugging Power is simultaneously charged by circuit to electrokinetic cell E, and charging current produces magnetic field when passing through coil 44-3 in electromagnet 44 so that iron Core 44-2 overcomes the elastic force of compression spring 45 to move right, and iron core 44-2 drives single-side rack sliding block 42 to the right by connecting rod 43 It is mobile, so that single-side rack sliding block 42 applies opposition to the right by the 4th transfer gear 35 on piston 24, reduce Hydraulic brake pressure in master cylinder 23.
3. in electric automobile during traveling, when driver continues to step on brake pedal 31, the brake force that is applied on wheel hub 1 For making a concerted effort for plugging power caused by hydraulic braking force caused by hydraulic brake assembly 2 and wheel drive motors M;When speed is got over It hurry up, then caused stalling current is bigger in wheel drive motors M, and motor braking power is bigger, suction caused by electromagnet 44 Bigger, for the hydraulic pressure in master cylinder 23 with regard to smaller, hydraulic braking force is smaller, so as to when automobile high-speed is braked, increase motor Brake force, reduction, so as to reduce the abrasion of friction plate in conventional brake, are carried simultaneously by the conventional friction brake force of hydraulic braking The rate of recovery of the high wheel drive motors M to braking energy.
4. in electric automobile during traveling, if the circuit of electric braking coordination component 4 breaks down or electrokinetic cell E is in full electric shape During state, wheel drive motors M charges without normal direction electrokinetic cell E, and no current is by the way that iron core 44-2 is pressed in the coil of electromagnet 44 The left end that contracting spring 45 is pressed in the housing 44-1 of electromagnet 44 is motionless, and so as to which single-side rack sliding block 42 does not move, the 4th passes Lead gear 35 and only make pure rolling relative to single-side rack sliding block 42, electric automobile passes sequentially through the first conduction tooth by brake pedal 31 Take turns the 32, second transfer gear 33, the 3rd transfer gear 34, the transfer gear 35 of the two-sided rack sliding block 37 and the 4th drive piston 24 to Move left and hydraulic pressure is produced in master cylinder 23, producing hydraulic braking force in the hydraulic conduction to wheel cylinder 22 passes through brake Piece 21 acts on wheel hub 1 and braked, and ensures traffic safety.
(Embodiment 2)
See Fig. 2, the inexpensive electric automobile electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system of the present embodiment, other aspects Same as Example 1, difference is:Electric braking coordination component 4 removes compression spring 45, changes nitrogen 47 into, meanwhile, increase Iron core sealing ring 46 is added, the iron core 44-2 of electromagnet 44 right part sets up sealing ring mounting groove, and iron core sealing ring 46 is arranged on In iron core 44-2 sealing ring mounting groove, so as to by the housing 44- of iron core 44-2 right-hand member, iron core sealing ring 46 and electromagnet 44 1 right part inner chamber forms a plenum space;Nitrogen 47 is compressiblly arranged in the plenum space, during work, nitrogen 47 Operation principle is similar to the spring 45 in embodiment 1.
Above example is the explanation to the embodiment of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention, relevant technology The technical staff in field without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make various conversion and change and obtain To corresponding equivalent technical scheme, therefore all equivalent technical schemes should be included into the patent protection model of the present invention Enclose.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of inexpensive electric automobile electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system, including wheel hub(1), hydraulic braking Component(2), brake assemblies(3), electric braking coordination component(4), wheel drive motors M and electrokinetic cell E;Described hydraulic braking Component(2)Including brake block(21), wheel cylinder(22), master cylinder(23)And piston(24);Piston(24)With connected Piston ring and piston rod, piston(24)Piston ring be movably disposed at master cylinder(23)It is interior;One end of piston rod and piston Ring is fixedly connected, and the other end of piston rod stretches out master cylinder(23)Outside;Described brake assemblies(3)Including brake pedal (31);It is characterized in that:
Described brake assemblies(3)Also include the first transfer gear(32), the second transfer gear(33), the 3rd transfer gear (34), the 4th transfer gear(35), first fix guide rail(36)With the two-sided rack sliding block(37);
Brake pedal(31)With the first transfer gear(32)Drive connection;First transfer gear(32)With the second transfer gear(33) Drive connection, the second transfer gear(33)With the 3rd transfer gear(34)Coaxial transmission connection;First fixes guide rail(36)Gu Surely it is arranged on electric automobile;The two-sided rack sliding block(37)It is provided with and the 3rd transfer gear for upper and lower both sides(34)With the 4th conduction Gear(35)The sliding block for the rack being respectively cooperating with;The two-sided rack sliding block(37)Guide rail is fixed installed in first(36)Above and it can rely on First fixes guide rail(36)It is mobile;3rd transfer gear(34)With the two-sided rack sliding block(37)Downside drive connection;Double cog Bar sliding block(37)Upside and the 4th transfer gear(35)Drive connection;4th transfer gear(35)With described hydraulic braking group Part(2)Piston(24)Piston rod stretch out master cylinder(23)Outer right-hand member is fixedly connected;
Electric braking coordination component(4)Guide rail is fixed including second(41), single-side rack sliding block(42), connecting rod(43), electromagnet (44), iron core sealing ring(46), nitrogen(47)With brake pedal travel switch K;
Second fixes guide rail(41)It is fixedly installed on electric automobile;Single-side rack sliding block(42)It is provided with and the 4th conduction for downside Gear(35)The sliding block of the rack of cooperation;Single-side rack sliding block(42)It is arranged on the second fixation guide rail(41)It is upper and can rely on second Fixed guide rail(41)Left and right is to movement;Single-side rack sliding block(42)With described brake assemblies(3)The 4th transfer gear(35) Drive connection;Connecting rod(43)Left end and single-side rack sliding block(42)Right-hand member be fixedly connected;Electromagnet(44)Including housing (44-1), iron core(44-2)And coil(44-3);Housing(44-1)For hollow column member, housing(44-1)Left side open Mouthful;Coil(44-3)It is wrapped in housing(44-1)On;Iron core(44-2)It is arranged on housing(44-1)It is interior, and can be in housing(44-1) Inside move left and right, iron core(44-2)Right part be provided with sealing ring mounting groove;Connecting rod(43)Right-hand member pass through housing(44-1)'s Opening and iron core(44-2)Left side be fixedly connected;Iron core sealing ring(46)Installed in iron core(44-2)Sealing ring mounting groove It is interior;So as to by iron core(44-2)Right-hand member, iron core sealing ring(46)And electromagnet(44)Housing(44-1)Right part inner chamber structure Into a plenum space;Nitrogen(47)Compressiblly it is arranged in the plenum space;Brake pedal travel switch K and described brake Car component(3)Brake pedal(31)It is equipped with;Work as brake pedal(31)When not stepping on, brake pedal travel switch K is in Closure state;Work as brake pedal(31)When stepping on, brake pedal travel switch K is in open mode;
Brake pedal travel switch K one end, coil(44-3)One end and electrokinetic cell E positive pole it is conllinear;Electrokinetic cell E Negative pole electrically connected with one end of wheel drive motors M power end;The brake pedal travel switch K other end, coil(44- 3)The other end and wheel drive motors M power end the other end it is conllinear.
CN201610301162.8A 2014-12-01 2014-12-01 Low-cost electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system for electric automobile Active CN105946591B (en)

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CN201610301162.8A CN105946591B (en) 2014-12-01 2014-12-01 Low-cost electric braking and hydraulic braking coordinated control system for electric automobile
CN201410719156.5A CN104442415B (en) 2014-12-01 2014-12-01 Electric braking and hydraulic braking coordination control system of electric automobile

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CN108032736A (en) * 2014-12-30 2018-05-15 朱海燕 Electric automobile and its method for recovering brake energy
CN104859462A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-08-26 朱海燕 Brake energy recovering method for electromobile
CN104875734A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-09-02 朱海燕 Electromobile with electric brake and hydraulic brake coordinated control system
CN104875621A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-09-02 朱海燕 Electromobile with brake energy recovery system
CN113734117B (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-02-25 浙江万泉信息技术有限公司 Semi-decoupling braking device for regenerative braking of new energy automobile

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