CN104848929A - Double-magnetic-circuit two-end symmetric excitation rectangular open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure with magnetic field tracking compensation - Google Patents
Double-magnetic-circuit two-end symmetric excitation rectangular open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure with magnetic field tracking compensation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-magnetic-circuit two-end symmetric excitation rectangular open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure with magnetic field tracking compensation, belonging to the field of vibration measurement technology. A rectangular open type magnetic field structure design is provided. Two permanent magnets are symmetrically installed at two ends of a center magnet yoke and face magnetic poles. Two symmetric closed magnetic circuits are formed by magnet yokes. The magnetic induction intensity distribution with high uniformity is generated in air gaps. The surfaces of the magnet yokes adjacent to the air gaps are provided with an array type micro structure in the form of deep trenches, and the eddy current loss can be effectively inhibited. The center magnet yoke is provided with a compensation coil, the direction of the current is opposite to that in a working coil, phase tracking is synchronized, amplitudes are proportional, and a formed compensation magnetic field can carry out synchronous tracking compensation on the influence of an armature reaction. According to the double-magnetic-circuit two-end symmetric excitation rectangular open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure, large stroke, high magnetic field uniformity, high thrust and a linear electromagnetic driving force characteristic can be considered, and a high precision and large stroke electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure technical scheme is provided for low-frequency/ultra-low frequency vibration calibration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vibration calibrating device field, relate generally to the symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates.
Background technology
In recent years, Aero-Space, build a bridge, the field such as protection against and mitigation of earthquake disasters all proposes low frequency/demand of superlow frequency vibrating calibration.The electromagnetic vibration generator system producing standard vibration signal is the key equipment carrying out high precision vibration calibration.For improving the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of standard vibration signal, ensureing the calibration accuracy of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, requiring that electromagnetic vibration generator system is under the prerequisite ensureing thrust and precision, has stroke large as far as possible.In the design process of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, key wherein and difficult point how to be designed by rational magnetic structure, and by ensureing processing and assembly precision, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and after coil electricity, obtain desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, namely the electromagnetic actuation force size exported in total travel is directly proportional to the electric current in working coil, and have nothing to do with the position residing for working coil.
The He Wen of Zhejiang University etc. propose a kind of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure technical scheme (1. Zhejiang University, " two magnetic route structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration ", China Patent No.: ZL200710069095.2; 2. Zhejiang University, " a kind of electromagnetic vibration generator system ", China Patent No.: ZL200820087256.0; 3. Zhejiang University, " there is the shaking table based on linear grating chi feed back control system ", China Patent No.: ZL201110115072.7; 4.Wen He, et al. " Closed-Double-Magnetic Circuit for aLong-stroke Horizontal Electromagnetic Vibration Exciter ", IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2011,49 (8): 4865-4872).In this technical scheme, magnet (cylindrical), central magnetic pole (yoke) and tubular outer magnetic pole coaxial cable assemble, the same magnetic pole of two magnets is positioned opposite, be arranged on central magnetic pole two ends, magnet center is provided with through hole, non-magnetic bolt is adopted to be fixed, it is inner that central magnetic pole is coaxially assemblied in tubular outer magnetic pole, and tubular mounting coil is arranged in air gap in central magnetic pole.This technical scheme adopts two magnet complementary, leakage field is less, magnet utilization factor is high, can realize larger thrust, larger stroke and lower waveform distortion index, be one of electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme with independent intellectual property right and higher degree of being practical of domestic open report.
The Hans-J.von Martens etc. of German federal physical technique research institute (PTB) it is also proposed a kind of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure technical scheme (1.Hans-J.von Martens, et al; " Traceability of Vibration and ShockMeasurements by Laser Interferometry "; Measurement; 2000,28:3-20).This technical scheme adopts cylindrical soft magnetic core, cylindrical permanent-magnet body and cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, the two ends that the same magnetic pole of two permanent magnets is positioned opposite, be arranged on cylindrical shape soft magnetic tube, soft magnetic core is coaxially assemblied in the inside of soft magnetic tube, closed magnetic circuit is formed by the soft magnetic part at two ends, coil rack and working coil are cylindrical shape, and coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke slidably.Adopt the amplitude of the large-stroke electromagnetic vibration of this technical scheme to reach 1m, coordinate high-performance permanent magnet and yoke material, the key technical indexes such as transverse vibration ratio, waveform distortion of higher level can be realized.
The weak point that above-mentioned two kinds of technical schemes exist is: 1) cylindrical shape outer yoke need carry out long inside dimension processing, processing difficulties, and precision is difficult to ensure; 2) when adopting cylindrical permanent magnet, permanent magnet need processing through hole and be bolted in yoke by non-magnetic, assemble complicated and can have an impact to magnetic circuit; When adopting cylindrical permanent-magnet body, the sintering of large scale cylindrical permanent-magnet body, process, magnetize and assemble all comparatively difficulty; 3) cylindrical shape outer yoke need be sleeved in central magnetic yoke, as permanent magnet adopts the mode of assembling afterwards that first magnetizes, assembles very difficult, and assembly precision is difficult to ensure; The permanent magnet of AlNiCo material can adopt the mode of first assembling and magnetizing afterwards, but due to the permanent magnet coercive force of AlNiCo material lower, the effect that magnetizes is restricted, poor performance, the mechanical property of serious restriction magnetic structure and index.
The Kenneth Joseph Metzgar etc. of APS company of the U.S. proposes a kind of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure technical scheme (Kenneth Joseph Metzgar et al, " Electrodynamic Force Generator ", U.S. Patent number: US3816777).The magnetic structure of this technical scheme is made up of 4 groups of identical sub-assemblies, each sub-assemblies is made up of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, linking block (soft magnetic material), a magnet, be connected block separate and connect the thick end of two wedge-shaped poles sheets, form the pincer structure that has long air gap, magnet to be arranged in air gap and to be fixed on a wedge-shaped poles sheet, and magnet can adopt the mode of first assembling and magnetizing afterwards.After 4 groups of sub-assemblies are stacked between two, adopt bolt to be fixed by two stacked sub-assemblies and form stacked pincer structure, again by the docking of the vice jaw part of two stacked pincer structure, and adopt the bolt crouched in wedge-shaped poles sheet to be connected by docking structure fastening, form complete magnetic structure.Magnetic structure after docking has two long air gaps, and moving-coil (working coil) is arranged in air gap.This technical scheme easily realizes high magnetic flux density in air gap, and has carried out more ripe commercialization and popularization.
This technical scheme exist weak point be: 1) whole magnetic structure by multiple textural association, be spliced to form, complex structure; Fritter permanent magnet need adopt gluing or alternate manner to be arranged on wedge-shaped poles sheet, and assembling is complicated, is difficult to ensure assembly precision; 2) in air gap, the static-magnetic induction of a certain position is directly related with the working point of this place's permanent magnet, and the homogeneity of whole air gap internal magnetic field is difficult to ensure, higher to the coherence request of the materials and process of fritter permanent magnet; 3) permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap, and the complementary field produced after working coil energising can magnetize or degaussing to its pressure, when passing to larger current in working coil, easily makes permanent magnet produce irreversible demagnetization; 4) during working coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, because permanent magnet is directly in the face of air gap, the magnetic circuit that magnetic flux increases side is easily saturated, the magnetic flux that the magnetic flux that now coil side increases reduces than opposite side is few, cause the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position to reduce, and then make the standard vibration signal of generation produce distortion.
As previously mentioned, in the design process of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure, there is amplitude, magnetic field homogeneity, electromagnetic actuation force size, linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, contradiction between processing and assembly precision, difficult point and the key of design are designed by rational magnetic structure, the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness is realized in long air gap, and the electromagnetic actuation force exported in total travel after making working coil be energized is directly proportional to size of current, and have nothing to do with working coil present position, namely obtain desirable linear electromagnetic driving force specislity.And prior art all exists various problems and shortcomings part, the linearity index exporting electromagnetic actuation force in air gap after the homogeneity of static Magnetic Induction Density Distribution and coil electricity has been difficult to further lifting.
Key issue wherein has 3 points: in (1) long air gap, the homogeneity of main magnetic circuit Magnetic Induction Density Distribution is difficult to ensure.Before coil electricity, permanent magnet excitation forms the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of main magnetic circuit, and along with the increase of electromagnetic vibration generator system stroke, the non-uniformity of long air gap internal magnetic field becomes very outstanding, exports the linearity of electromagnetic actuation force after serious restriction coil electricity; Have researchist to attempt being compensated by adjustment current waveform, but effect is difficult to ensure, especially poor to order magnetic field heterogenicity error compensation effect, the effectively real and compensation method had compared with high practicability is not yet proposed at present both at home and abroad.(2) impact of armature reaction is produced after working coil energising.Produce complementary field after working coil energising, superpose be coupled with main field, produce main field and increase magnetic or demagnetizing effect, make diverse location in air gap, the especially Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of working coil position become uneven, this phenomenon is called armature reaction.Affect by armature reaction, in stroke, diverse location place is when the current density that coil loads is identical, and the electromagnetic actuation force of output is inconsistent; And be not directly proportional to current density in the size of the same position place electromagnetic actuation force of air gap, exist certain non-linear.Armature reaction is that electromagnetic vibration generator system produces one of key factor of waveform distortion, and its impact increases with the increase of drive current, is the difficult problem in the design of electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure.(3) long yoke and large scale permanent magnet are processed and are difficult to ensure with assembling difficulty, precision.In the magnetic structure of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration, long central magnetic yoke need adopt reasonable manner to fix with two ends supporting way, for ensureing continuity and the integrality of magnetic structure, the key position that magnetic flux is intensive should avoid the mounting structures such as processing through hole/threaded hole as far as possible; The sintering of large scale permanent magnet, processing and assemble all very difficult, yield rate is low, and permanent magnet is hard brittle material and expensive, and assembly method and unreasonable structure are easily damaged, and generally should not process the mounting structure of the forms such as through hole on permanent magnet; Will obtain larger electromagnetic actuation force, the general strong magnetic permanent magnet adopting the materials such as NdFeB, needing to overcome huge magnetic attraction in strong magnetic permanent magnet Assembly of the parts process, is a difficult problem of this technical field simultaneously.
In addition, in the course of work of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration, what pass in working coil is alternation drive current, and current amplitude is maximum reaches tens amperes, coil in long air gap in the axial direction with sinusoidal rule to-and-fro movement.According to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the alternating magnetic field that exchange current and coil movement produce can in yoke surfaces, and especially adjacent with air gap yoke surfaces can produce current vortex, causes eddy current loss.Eddy current loss can produce the thermal losses that power reaches as high as a few hectowatt on the one hand, and thermal value is surprising, and then brings a series of thermal perturbation and thermal deformation problem; The transient field problem that another aspect alternating magnetic field and current vortex cause, can make actual performance index produce relatively large deviation with the result obtained by traditional design theory and analytical approach, have a strong impact on design accuracy and effect.Eddy current loss is a difficult problem in the design of electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, not yet finds effective solution both at home and abroad at present.
To sum up, restrict by the problems referred to above, the standard low frequency vibration adopting prior art to produce is difficult to there is breakthrough again in the indexs such as waveform distortion, is difficult to the high-precision calibration meeting low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, the demand with the vibration calibration of very low frequency (VLF) and ultraprecise feature especially of future generation.Therefore, how to pass through the innovation of the links such as method, structure, material and optimal design, propose the electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme with super large stroke, ultralow frequency of operation and superhigh precision, the development for vibration measurement technology is significant.One or several in the problems referred to above achieves a solution, and the performance of large-stroke electromagnetic vibration all can be made to be significantly improved, and makes low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating collimation technique obtain substantive breakthroughs.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problems referred to above existed for prior art, the rectangle open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure technical scheme of the symmetrical excitation in a kind of double magnetic circuit two ends is provided, it is simple that the present invention has structure, precision is high, Long Distances can be taken into account, highfield homogeneity, high thrust and linear electromagnetic driving force specislity, effectively can solve prior art Problems existing with not enough, especially there is the characteristic that outstanding compensation armature reaction affects standard vibration waveform distortion, thus provide a kind of high precision for the calibration of low frequency/superlow frequency vibrating, large-stroke electromagnetic vibration magnetic structure.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
The symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, by permanent magnet, central magnetic yoke, inner yoke, outer yoke, end yoke, coil rack and working coil are formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnet, central magnetic yoke, inner yoke, the cross section of outer yoke and end yoke is rectangle, the cross section of coil rack is square shape, the two ends of two outer yokes hold yoke to be rigidly connected with two respectively, form square shape magnetic yoke structure, central magnetic yoke is arranged on the long axis of square shape magnetic yoke structure, the length of inner yoke is less than the length of outer yoke, two inner yoke symmetries are arranged on two between outer yoke and central magnetic yoke, and be rigidly attached on two relative surfaces of two outer yokes, separated by the air gap of the width such as two between inner yoke and central magnetic yoke for two, two permanent magnet symmetries are arranged between the two ends of central magnetic yoke and two end yokes, and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet respectively with central magnetic yoke, the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke, coil rack is sleeved in central magnetic yoke slidably, coil rack is wound with working coil, accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil, the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench form, deep trench is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap, central magnetic yoke is wound with compensating coil, in compensating coil the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio.
The mounting means of described permanent magnet is the permanent magnet installing frame of employing two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, by the inside of permanent magnet adhesive asserably at permanent magnet installing frame, is fixed by permanent magnet by fixed permanent magnet installing frame; The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke is the yoke installing frame of employing two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installing frames being sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke and being rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke, by fixing two yoke installing frames, the mode that central magnetic yoke supports with two ends being fixed.
Described permanent magnet adopts multiple fritter permanent magnet, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
The good result of technological innovation of the present invention and generation is:
(1) the present invention proposes the magnetic structure design in the open magnetic field of a kind of rectangle, and the cross section of permanent magnet and yoke part is rectangle, and magnetic structure is simple and reliable, greatly reduces the difficulty of parts machining and assembling, easily ensures processing and assembly precision; By rational assembling scheme, permanent magnet can magnetize in advance and then assemble, and therefore can adopt the high-performance permanent magnet of the materials such as NdFeB, thus can obtain high gap density and large electromagnetic actuation force; Solve long size cylindrical shape yoke in prior art and be difficult to processing, part processing is difficult to ensure with assembly precision, and strong magnetic permanent magnet cannot assemble or assemble the problems such as difficulty,
the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of main magnetic circuit in long air gap can be made to realize higher uniformity index.This is one of the present invention's innovative point being different from prior art.
(2) the present invention is set up at the concrete cloth of magnetic circuit, and permanent magnet is not directly in the face of air gap, and/demagnetizing effect is filled in the pressure producing complementary field after not bearing working coil energising; During working coil energising, the magnetic flux of coil side increases, opposite side magnetic flux reduces, magnetic flux increases and the effect of reduction is cancelled out each other, and the average magnetic induction intensity of coil position is remained unchanged substantially, thus can realize the linear electromagnetic driving force specislity of approximate ideal; Solve permanent magnet in prior art and, directly in the face of air gap, when working coil passes to big current, easily produce irreversible demagnetization, export the problems such as the poor linearity of electromagnetic actuation force;
realize higher output electricity the linearity index of Magnetic driving power.This is the innovative point two that the present invention is different from prior art.
(3) the present invention adopts yoke installing frame reliably can install fixing with two ends supporting way by long central magnetic yoke; Adopt permanent magnet installing frame to carry out installation to permanent magnet to fix, by permanent magnet adhesive asserably behind permanent magnet installing frame inside, integrally can push designated mounting position to from the space between central magnetic yoke and end yoke, under the effect of magnetic attraction component vertically, permanent magnet and permanent magnet installing frame assembly can slip into installation site reposefully, assembling process is simple and reliable, greatly reduces the assembly difficulty of permanent magnet;
solve long central magnetic yoke and large scale hard brittle material permanent magnet part and fixing and strong magnetic permanent magnet part dress is reliably installed join the difficult problem that process need overcome huge magnetic attraction.This is the innovative point three that the present invention is different from prior art.
(4) the present invention is on the inner yoke adjacent with air gap surface, along the array microstructure of the length direction periodic arrangement deep trench form of air gap, theoretical with simulation analysis and test and all show, the method effectively can suppress the generation of current vortex, greatly reduce the impact of eddy current loss, both efficiently solved thermal perturbation and thermal deformation problem that eddy current loss brings, and made again the actual performance index of magnetic structure and Theoretical Design result have higher consistance, realize higher design accuracy;
solve this electromagnetic vibration of eddy current loss a difficult problem for dynamic platform magnetic structure design.This is the innovative point four that the present invention is different from prior art.
(5) the present invention arranges compensating coil in central magnetic yoke, wherein institute's galvanization is contrary with the direction of current loaded in working coil, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude is proportional, theoretical research and experimental result all show, synchronized tracking compensation can be carried out to the impact producing complementary field after working coil energising and affect phenomenon, the i.e. armature reaction of main magnetic field distribution in the compensating field that compensating coil is formed;
the linear electromagnetic driving force specislity of approximate ideal can be realized, efficiently solve armature reaction and cause electromagnetic vibration generator system to export the problem that standard vibration waveform distortion is large.This is the innovative point five that the present invention distinguishes prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of the symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure of magnetic circuit tracing compensation;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of the symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure of magnetic circuit tracing compensation;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of permanent magnet pole arrangement and main magnetic circuit;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a deep trench embodiment on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap;
Fig. 7 is the array microstructure schematic diagram of deep trench form in inner yoke;
Fig. 8 adopts permanent magnet installing frame, yoke installing frame to install fixing schematic diagram to permanent magnet and central magnetic yoke;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of permanent magnet installing frame;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of yoke installing frame;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of a coil rack embodiment;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of another embodiment of coil rack.
In figure, piece number illustrates: 1 permanent magnet, 2 central magnetic yoke, 3 inner yokes, 4 outer yokes, 5 end yokes, 6 coil racks, 7 air gaps, 8 working coils, 9 permanent magnet installing frames, 10 yoke installing frames, 11 first magnetic circuits, 12 second magnetic circuits, 13 deep trench, 27 compensating coils.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, and provides embodiment.
The symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends that a kind of magnetic field tracking compensates open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, by permanent magnet 1, central magnetic yoke 2, inner yoke 3, outer yoke 4, end yoke 5, coil rack 6 and working coil 8 are formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, permanent magnet 1, central magnetic yoke 2, inner yoke 3, the cross section of outer yoke 4 and end yoke 5 is rectangle, the cross section of coil rack 6 is square shape, the two ends of two outer yokes 4 hold yoke 5 to be rigidly connected with two respectively, form square shape magnetic yoke structure, central magnetic yoke 2 is arranged on the long axis of square shape magnetic yoke structure, the length of inner yoke 3 is less than the length of outer yoke 4, two inner yoke 3 symmetries are arranged between two outer yokes 4 and central magnetic yoke 2, and be rigidly attached on two relative surfaces of two outer yokes 4, separated by the air gap 7 of the width such as two between two inner yokes 3 and central magnetic yoke 2, two permanent magnet 1 symmetries are arranged between the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and two end yokes 5, and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet 1 respectively with central magnetic yoke 2, the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke 5, coil rack 6 is sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 slidably, coil rack 6 is wound with working coil 8, accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil 8, inner yoke 3 surface adjacent with air gap 7 is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench 13 form, deep trench 13 is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7, central magnetic yoke 2 is wound with compensating coil 27, in compensating coil 27 the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil 8, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio.
The mounting means of described permanent magnet 1 is the permanent magnet installing frame 9 of employing two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, by permanent magnet 1 adhesive asserably in the inside of permanent magnet installing frame 9, is fixed by permanent magnet 1 by fixed permanent magnet installing frame 9; The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke 2 is yoke installing frames 10 of employing two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installing frames 10 being sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and being rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke 2, by fixing two yoke installing frames 10, the mode that central magnetic yoke 2 supports with two ends being fixed.
Described permanent magnet 1 adopts multiple fritter permanent magnet, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
One embodiment of the present of invention are provided below in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4.In the present embodiment, the symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends that magnetic field tracking compensates open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure vibrates for generation of the standard low frequency of horizontal direction.Permanent magnet 1 is the strong magnetic permanent magnet of NdFeB material, the residual magnetization of the NdFeB material adopted is 1.17T, coercive force is 890kA/m, the N of two permanent magnets 1 is extremely positioned opposite, symmetry is arranged between the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and two end yokes 5, two end faces of each permanent magnet 1 and an end face of central magnetic yoke 2 and the end face close contact holding yoke 5.Central magnetic yoke 2, two inner yokes 3, two outer yokes 4, two end yoke 5 all adopts high magnetic permeability electrical pure iron material DT4C to make, and maximum relative permeability can reach 12000, and saturation flux amount is 2.5T.The cross section of central magnetic yoke 2, two permanent magnets 1, two inner yokes 3, two outer yokes 4, two end yoke 5 is rectangle, and central magnetic yoke 2, two permanent magnets 1, two end yoke 5 is coaxially assembled.Separated by two long air gaps 7 between central magnetic yoke 2 and two inner yokes 3, the width of air gap 7 is 15mm.Two inner yokes 3 adopt screw to be rigidly attached on two relative surfaces of two outer yokes 4 respectively, also can adopt other connected mode in actual implementation process, or adopt one block of complete material that inner yoke 3 is become a part with outer yoke 4 overall processing.The two ends of two outer yokes 4 and two hold yoke 5 to adopt screw to be rigidly connected respectively.Permanent magnet 1 forms closed magnetic circuit by closed magnetic yoke structure, produces the strong Magnetic Induction Density Distribution of high evenness in air gap 7.
In the present embodiment, permanent magnet excitation formed the magnetic line of force of main magnetic circuit process path as shown in Figure 4.For the first magnetic circuit 11, the magnetic line of force is from the N pole of permanent magnet 1, and successively through central magnetic yoke 2, two inner yokes 3, two outer yokes 4 and end yoke 5, the S pole then getting back to permanent magnet 1 forms closed magnetic circuit.First magnetic circuit 11 and the symmetrical form of the second magnetic circuit 12.
Coil rack 6 adopts 99 aluminium oxide ceramics to make, and cross section is square shape, and the square aperture at center makes coil rack 6 can be sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2.Working coil 8 adopts insulated copper enameled wire to be wound at coil rack 6 outside surface, and cross section is also square shape, and thickness is 5mm, and logical maximum current density is 5A/mm
2.After electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure has assembled, coil rack 6 and working coil 8 have two limits to be arranged in air gap 7.During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, control signal is after power amplifier amplifies, the power current that output effective value is up to tens A is loaded in working coil 8, according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, the working coil 8 be energized in magnetic field is subject to the effect of horizontal direction Lorentz force, thus exports accurate controlled electromagnetic actuation force.By control alive size and Orientation can the size and Orientation of precise hard_drawn tuhes electromagnetic actuation force.If control signal adopts standard sine electric signal, working coil 8 and coil rack 6 produce standard low frequency sinusoidal vibration vertically by under the effect of electromagnetic actuation force.
During electromagnetic vibration generator system work, complementary field can be produced after working coil 8 loading current, this complementary field can affect the Distribution of Magnetic Field of the main magnetic circuit that permanent magnet 1 excitation produces, this phenomenon is called armature reaction, and armature reaction is the principal element of the waveform distortion affecting the vibration of electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard.The present invention is provided with compensating coil 27 in central magnetic yoke 2, and compensating coil 27 adopts insulated copper enameled wire to be wound at central magnetic yoke 2 outside surface, and cross section is also square shape, and thickness is 1.5mm, and logical maximum current density is 4A/mm
2in compensating coil 27 the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil 8, phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio, synchronized tracking compensation can be carried out to the complementary field that working coil 8 produces in the compensating field that compensating coil 27 produces, and effectively can improve the impact of armature reaction on the waveform distortion that electromagnetic vibration generator system outputting standard vibrates.
An embodiment of the deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 5 and Fig. 7.Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.Deep trench 13 is arranged on two inner yokes 3 surface adjacent with air gap 7, and in figure, deep trench 13 is processed along the short transverse of inner yoke 3, and along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap 7.In the present embodiment, the cross section of deep trench 13 is rectangle, and its width is 1mm, and the degree of depth going deep into inner yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent deep trench 13 is 10mm.Theory all shows with simulation analysis and experimental result, and in the present invention, the array microstructure of deep trench form effectively can suppress the generation of current vortex, significantly reduces eddy current loss.
Another embodiment of the deep trench on the inner yoke surface adjacent with air gap is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 6.Fig. 6 is also the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 2.In the present embodiment, the cross section of deep trench 13 is profile of tooth, and its tooth root width is 1mm, and crown gos deep into and the degree of depth on inner yoke 3 surface is 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent deep trench 13 is 10mm.
An embodiment of permanent magnet installing frame is provided below in conjunction with Fig. 8, Fig. 9.In the present embodiment, permanent magnet installing frame 9 adopts stupalith to make, cross section is square shape, its thickness is vertically equal with permanent magnet 1, permanent magnet 1 is assemblied in the inside of permanent magnet installing frame 9 with bonding way, then permanent magnet installing frame 9 is threaded connection on the pedestal being fixed on electromagnetic vibration generator system or other parts, realizes fixing the installation of permanent magnet 1.First complete the assembling of other part in assembling process, the component integration finally permanent magnet 1 and permanent magnet installing frame 9 formed centrally yoke 2 and hold the space between yoke 5 to push designated mounting position, then installation is carried out to permanent magnet installing frame 9 and fix.Adopt mounting means of the present invention greatly can reduce the assembly difficulty of permanent magnet, solve a difficult problem for strong permanent magnet Assembly of the parts.
An embodiment of yoke installing frame is provided below in conjunction with Figure 10.Coil rack 6 and working coil 8 are sleeved in central magnetic yoke 2 and have longer stroke, it is fixing that the mode that long sized central yoke 2 must support with two ends carry out installations.In the present embodiment, yoke installing frame 10 adopts stupalith to make, cross section is square shape, two yoke installing frames 10 are sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke 2 and are rigidly connected by screw and central magnetic yoke 2, two yoke installing frames 10 there is threaded hole, is fixed by screws on the base component of electromagnetic vibration generator system.
Figure 11 gives an embodiment of coil rack.In the present embodiment, coil rack 6 adopts 99 alumina ceramic materials, and cross section is square shape, and wall thickness is 5mm, and the square aperture at its center makes coil rack 6 can be sleeved on slidably in central magnetic yoke 2.Working coil 8 is evenly close, and around on coil rack 6, the two ends of coil rack 6 are processed with small boss, come off for preventing working coil 8.Figure 12 gives another embodiment of coil rack.In the present embodiment, the thin-walled of coil rack 6 is provided with lightening hole, and for alleviating the weight of coil rack 6, lightening hole is oblong aperture, is uniformly distributed along thin-walled surrounding.Also the lightening hole of other forms such as densely covered circular hole, small square hole can be adopted in actual implementation process.
Claims (3)
1. the symmetrical excitation rectangle in the double magnetic circuit two ends of a magnetic field tracking compensation open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, by permanent magnet (1), central magnetic yoke (2), inner yoke (3), outer yoke (4), end yoke (5), coil rack (6) and working coil (8) are formed, overall one-tenth axially symmetric structure, it is characterized in that: permanent magnet (1), central magnetic yoke (2), inner yoke (3), the cross section of outer yoke (4) and end yoke (5) is rectangle, the cross section of coil rack (6) is square shape, the two ends of two outer yokes (4) hold yoke (5) to be rigidly connected respectively with two, form square shape magnetic yoke structure, central magnetic yoke (2) is arranged on the long axis of square shape magnetic yoke structure, the length of inner yoke (3) is less than the length of outer yoke (4), two inner yoke (3) symmetries are arranged between two outer yokes (4) and central magnetic yoke (2), and be rigidly attached on two relative surfaces of two outer yokes (4), separated by the air gap (7) of the width such as two between two inner yokes (3) and central magnetic yoke (2), two permanent magnet (1) symmetries are arranged between the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) and two ends yoke (5), and it is positioned opposite with magnetic pole, two end faces of each permanent magnet (1) respectively with central magnetic yoke (2), the corresponding end face close contact of end yoke (5), coil rack (6) is sleeved in central magnetic yoke (2) slidably, coil rack (6) is wound with working coil (8), accurate controlled drive current is passed in working coil (8), inner yoke (3) surface adjacent with air gap (7) is provided with the array microstructure of deep trench (13) form, deep trench (13) is along the length direction periodic arrangement of air gap (7), central magnetic yoke (2) is wound with compensating coil (27), in compensating coil (27) the electric current that leads to contrary with the direction of current in working coil (8), phase-locking is followed the tracks of, amplitude becomes to determine ratio.
2. the symmetrical excitation rectangle in double magnetic circuit two ends that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 compensates opens magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, it is characterized in that: the mounting means of described permanent magnet (1) is the permanent magnet installing frame (9) of employing two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, by permanent magnet (1) adhesive asserably in the inside of permanent magnet installing frame (9), by fixed permanent magnet installing frame (9), permanent magnet (1) is fixed; The mounting means of described central magnetic yoke (2) is the yoke installing frame (10) of employing two square shape cross sections, non-magnet_conductible material, two yoke installing frames (10) being sleeved on the two ends of central magnetic yoke (2) and being rigidly connected with central magnetic yoke (2), by fixing two yoke installing frames (10), the mode that central magnetic yoke (2) supports with two ends being fixed.
3. the symmetrical excitation rectangle in double magnetic circuit two ends that magnetic field tracking according to claim 1 and 2 compensates opens magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration generator system magnetic structure, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet (1) adopts multiple fritter permanent magnet, is spliced to form in bonding mode.
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| CN108333917A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-27 | 浙江大学 | Frequency dividing detector for low-frequency electromagnetic vibration table system feedback control |
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