CN1048430C - Process for concentrating ore and a device for carrying out said process - Google Patents

Abstract

A process is proposed for concentrating ore, especially gold-bearing ore. It involves the following steps: a stream of the sludge to be processed, containing grains of the valuable ore component and particles of barren ore, is fed into the treatment zone; a trap layer is created in the treatment zone and charged with grains of the valuable ore component. During the charging process, the trapping properties of the layer are regenerated by the creation of hydraulic resistance, which is not equal along the length and across the width of the stream, to the longitudinal flow of the stream, and stationary vortices are generated in the lower part of the stream, the axis of rotation of the vortices being at an angle to the direction of flow. The vortices act on the particles in the solid-phase of the sludge with an orbital velocity greater than the sinking velocity of the particles in the barren ore and less than the sinking velocity of the grains in the valuable ore component. As the stream flows through the treatment zone, it is inclined in the transverse direction and a helix-like current is generated, the axis of this current matching the direction of the inclined stream.

Description

The method and apparatus of selected valuable mineral

The present invention relates generally to selected valuable mineral, mainly is picking equipment and the technology that contains gold mineral, particularly relates to a kind of method and apparatus of selected valuable mineral.

Selected valuable mineral so far, all be based on following process especially for reselecting method that contains gold mine and device: set up one at the ore pulp treatment region and capture cover layer, the described cover layer of valuable component filling with processed ore pulp, in its stowing operation, recover tectal trapping ability, and the cover layer of having accumulated valuable component is carried in flushing.

Exist the method that multiple solution recovers cover layer trapping ability problem now.For example the element to the ore-dressing plant that is specifically designed to selected valuable mineral carries out structural improvement (particularly in its bottom) (DE A 719647), or in the structure of ore-dressing plant equipment additional movement element, for example baffled glazing bar (SU A 724194), or the driver (DE A285909) that applies vibration and shake to the bottom.

Yet the technical scheme so far be not the extraction grade of valuable component low (DE A719647), (SUA 724194 owing to comprised a large amount of motor elements and/or power consumption unit and structure heaviness exactly, DE A 285909), the reliability that this has influenced selected valuable mineral operating process makes described process more expensive.The method of known a kind of existing selected valuable mineral (SU A1540085), be included in the ore pulp treatment region and set up the capture cover layer that the heavy magnetic concentrate by valuable component constitutes, processed ore pulp is input to the workspace, in a variable intensity magnetic field, use valuable component filling to capture cover layer from processed ore pulp, in stowing operation by making it loose with pulsating field, thereby recover tectal trapping ability, the capture cover layer of having accumulated valuable component is being carried in flushing at last.

Said method can need not mechanism and recover tectal trapping ability.But, this method need be set up an artificial capture cover layer from the heavy magnetic concentrate of valuable component, and valuable component extracts from ore in advance, and after classification, before ore pulp input ore pulp treatment region, be distributed in each zone of ore pulp treatment region.In addition, the practical application of said method will consume big energy to set up magnetic field, and the system that needs a complexity controls the intensity in described magnetic field, instrument, device and mechanism need be measured, monitor and carry out in described system accurately with precision, this makes this method very expensive, and influences its reliability.

In addition, when ore pulp flows forward when crossing treatment region, its turbulence level weakens widely, and the selective precipitation that this has eliminated the valuable component particle has influenced the grade of extract, and has therefore also influenced its enrichment.In addition, when ore pulp is mobile forward along treatment region, follow the gangue particle of valuable component around described district, to accumulate with the tectal surface of capture, because the turbulence level of flow of slurry reduces, the result makes the gluing of accumulative gangue layer together, and this can influence the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral.

In a word, the argillaceous rocks that in question method is washed for difficulty, and the rock and the selected of diamicrite that are easy to form agglomerate be worthless, because agglomerate and erratic boulder can both destroy artificial capture cover layer, makes it can not fill the particle of valuable component.

Known have a kind of device of selected valuable mineral (to see textbook " gravity ore dressing method ", the 285-288 page or leaf, V.N.Shcokhin and A.G.Lopatin 1980 works are in NedraPH, Moscow, Russian) (of.the textbook " Gravity concentrationmethods " by V.N.Shokhin and A.G.Lopatin, 1980, Nedra PH, Moscow, pp.285-288 (in Russian)) comprise and sequentially being docking together, and in a tilt intake section and extention that parallels of position placement of an angle of the direction of ore pulp input and horizontal plane.Each part all has the bottom that baffled glazing bar removably is installed on straight sidewall and its, the sidewall formation right angle of baffle plate and this part, and on the ore pulp travel direction to bottom angled.

Utilize described device can in the glazing bar on its that part of bottom, set up a capture cover layer that forms naturally, be used for accumulating valuable component.

But, the described structure arrangement of this part can not be set up one and be intended to recover acting on of tectal trapping ability and capture supratectal alternating force, and eliminated generation selection effect on the valuable component particle, so that quicken any possibility of their sedimentation.As a result, capture the cover layer filling be the part of valuable component with material (being gangue particle) owing to lack the cycling alternating load that acts on the flow of slurry, quickened their accumulation on each several part sidewall and cover surface conversely again.The result is the turbulent flow that has reduced flow of slurry, and this will have a negative impact to the extraction grade of valuable component also may damage the availability of device.

Therefore, main and basic purpose of the present invention is, provide a kind of with in flow of slurry and the setting and the structure arrangement that capture the various piece of the method for selected valuable mineral that active force on the cover layer is a feature and a kind of extraction (recovery) grade with the valuable component that can improve valuable mineral be the device of feature.

The scheme that realizes above-mentioned purpose is, a kind of selected valuable mineral that is used for is provided, and mainly is the method that contains gold mineral.This method comprises: processed ore pulp input treatment region, described ore pulp contains a liquid phase and a solid phase, solid phase be by the particle of the valuable component that will in the ore pulp processing procedure, capture and the gangue particle that will in the ore pulp processing procedure, remove in conjunction with and form, form the fluid of a described processed ore pulp, then make its acceleration and advance along the length direction of treatment region, set up one and capture cover layer, capture cover layer with the valuable component grain packing, recover tectal trapping ability when being filled with the valency component particles, flushing filling the capture cover layer of the valuable component that accumulates subsequently; Of the present invention, in order to recover tectal trapping ability, flow through in the process of start-up portion at the ore pulp fluid, produce static vortex at its lower boundary, described vortex has the rotating shaft with flow of slurry input direction quadrature, when recovering tectal trapping ability, with the grain packing capture cover layer of valuable component, flushing has the capture cover layer of the valuable component of accumulation; Of the present invention, in order to recover tectal trapping ability, set up a flow resistance in treatment region, for the lengthwise movement of flow of slurry, described flow resistance is uneven for the length and the width of flow of slurry; Produce static vortex at the flow of slurry lower boundary, the input direction shape of the rotating shaft of described vortex and flow of slurry at an angle, described vortex is to apply an orbital velocity for the particle of giving the ore pulp solid phase, this speed is greater than the sinking speed of gangue particle, but less than the capture speed of valuable component particle; When the ore pulp fluid flow through treatment region, it is turned back departed from its input direction, makes an impact force action on the lateral boundaries of flow of slurry, and produces a helical flow, and its axis is consistent with the direction of the flow of slurry of deflection.

In the practical application of described method, can in the gamut of treatment region, apply the turbulent flow that specially produces of an increase to the flow of slurry in handling, because the kinetic energy of flow of slurry makes that capturing cover layer fluffs diffusingly, and has eliminated described tectal gelling and accumulation and has followed any of gangue particle of valuable component may on the whole width of treatment region and length.As a result, help the sedimentation of valuable component particle and increased the reliability of this sedimentation, finally caused the extraction and the enrichment of high-grade valuable mineral.

The lateral deflection of flow of slurry makes that at least capturing tectal top layer moves to the yawing moment of flow of slurry, and overvoltage and low-pressure area are caused in each position at treatment region, owing to therefrom removed lighter gangue particle and accumulated heavier valuable component therein, particularly the particle of golden component has promoted the recovery of tectal trapping ability.

Because vertically flowing of flow of slurry is provided with flow resistance, and there is inhomogeneities in its length and width to flow of slurry, and the result makes that under inertia force the solid phase particles in the flow of slurry relatively moves.This---in other result---has promoted to form local turbulent eddies on the surface of solid phase particles again conversely, the density of the strong more described particle of described vortex is big more, and having increased the quantity of the collision between particle and the particle, the granose more quality of collision frequency is big more.The result, have maximal density---solid phase with relative homogeneous is formed component---runs into maximum flow resistance with the valuable component particle of the biggest quality in its lengthwise movement, lost kinetic energy, in gravitational field, settle down, therefore making and capturing cover layer is to be made of the latter who is captured basically, this has strengthened the process to capture cover layer filling valuable component, thereby has improved the extraction grade of latter's component.

The described static vortex that forms at following ore pulp fluid boundary can loose capture cover layer, promptly the gangue particle of sedimentation is become suspended state again, the described helical flow of therefore setting up its flow of slurry helps gangue particle and can not settle down by the lengthwise movement of whole ore pulp fluid cross-section.This makes them be taken out of treatment region, thereby has improved the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral.

It is favourable that the masterpiece that produces a best is used on the ore pulp solid phase in the processing, and the condition of this power is, even as big as making the gangue particle motion, but deficiency so that the particle of valuable component carried secretly away by waterpower.For this purpose, the ore pulp fluid is deflected 0.5 to 45 ° angle on transverse direction.

Preferably with the rotation shape of initial each static vortex of flow of slurry body portion at an angle, this angle is substantially equal to the angle of ore pulp fluid deflection in the horizontal to the rotation of each static vortex of deflection flow of slurry body portion.

Above-mentioned feature helps making gangue particle under the effect of the lateral fluid flow of close bottom, slide to ore pulp fluid middle body from periphery, make particle keep suspended state, then main fluid is taken away described particle from treatment region, and eliminated the particle of the valuable component of sedimentation, comprised laterally moving and being pulled away of tiny particle.Owing to kept its fine particle, add the grading analysis component of appropriate valuable component particle, this can improve the extraction grade of described component again.In addition, owing to taken away more gangue particle, also can improve the enrichment grade of processed material from treatment region.

Mobile forward when the ore pulp fluid, during by treatment region, spiral flow may lose its kinetic energy.Here it is why in order periodically to improve described energy, need be when the ore pulp fluid flows through treatment region lateral deflection ore pulp fluid extraly, alternately change the reason of the direction of described deflection simultaneously.This has strengthened the eliminating gangue particle, and they can not settle down on the whole length of treatment region, thereby has improved the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral.

When the length of treatment region increased, the ore pulp fluid that advances along described district lost its speed.In order to improve the speed of ore pulp fluid, extraly its part is quickened when being preferably in it by treatment region.This has strengthened all above-mentioned processing procedures of carrying out in ore pulp, and has improved the grade of the extraction and the enrichment of valuable mineral.

In order when ore pulp fluid longitudinal stream is crossed treatment region, to increase its turbulence level, with improve above-mentioned in ore pulp fluid and the efficient that capturing the processing procedure of carrying out in the cover layer, preferably when the ore pulp fluid flows through treatment region, increase or reduce the flow resistance that is present in its lengthwise movement partly, or make ore pulp fluid vertical deflection by crooked its lower boundary.

Therefore, the practical application of said method can improve the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral valuable component.

For achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of device of selected valuable mineral, this device comprises: an intake section and at least one extention, they sequentially are docking together, and when laying and the horizontal plane shape of ore pulp input direction at an angle, each part all has sidewall and with the bottom of detachable glazing bar, glazing bar has on ore pulp fluid input direction the baffle plate to bottom angled, the baffle plate of intake section and its sidewall form the right angle, and be parallel to each other, of the present invention, extention is with respect to the side lateral deflection of intake section in both sides, make at the acute angle between two part longitudinal axis between 0.5 to 45 °, the baffle plate of extention glazing bar turns to a side opposite with respect to the yawing moment of intake section with described part, and the sidewall with extention when placing forms an acute angle, thus with acute angle of baffle plate formation of intake section.

The structure arrangement of the device that is proposed makes it can implement the method for above-mentioned selected valuable mineral effectively.This device is very simple, and without any power consumption or movable unit and parts.Use described device can quicken flowing of ore pulp fluid, provide restore funcitons to tectal trapping ability to the flow resistance of ore pulp longitudinal fluid movement and this resistance in the length of ore pulp fluid and the inhomogeneities on the width owing to produced, described resistance is to cause owing to the above-mentioned glazing bar that can form between baffle plate near the band baffle plate of the static vortex of bottom has been installed, the rotation of described vortex is along the baffle plate orientation of correspondence, with the sinking speed of track rotary speed greater than gangue particle to be removed, but less than the sinking speed of valuable component particle.In addition, described device makes that the ore pulp fluid can lateral deflection in flowing through the process of treatment region, this can form the impulsive force that acts on the ore pulp fluid in the zone of ore pulp fluid impact sidewall, and can produce along the transverse movement of the ore pulp of baffle plate direction in the zone near the bottom, this motion has formed a kind of helical flow along deflection ore pulp flow direction when combining with the ore pulp fluid of deflection.Described helical flow has prevented the gangue particle that will be removed near the sedimentation between sidewall areas and the baffle plate, and for described particle provides motion on the entire cross section of ore pulp fluid, this has improved the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral.

Therefore, just because of in the kinetic energy that utilizes the ore pulp fluid, being provided with static element, make described device can improve the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral.

Acute angle between inlet and the extention is preferably in the acute angle between the longitudinal axis of as many as described two parts.This has improved the moving condition in the space of gangue particle between baffle plate under the close lateral flow effect of bottom, and the transverse movement of the valuable component particle that comprises fine particle and the possibility that is pulled away have been eliminated, owing to kept fine particle, the grain graininess that adds suitable valuable component is formed, can improve the extraction grade of valuable component, and owing to strengthened the effect of taking away gangue particle from treatment region, thereby improved the enrichment grade of processed material.

When utilizing at least two extentions, preferably preposition relatively that part of of second portion to any side lateral deflection, make angle between the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal axis of second extention and intake section between 0.5 to 45 °, and the baffle plate of the glazing bar of second extention to the rightabout deflection of described part with respect to the yawing moment of preposition extention, form an acute angle with the sidewall of its place part and place, so that form an acute angle with the baffle plate of intake section.

Owing in first extention, weaken gradually, the transverse movement of the ore pulp fluid of close bottom section is strengthened repeatedly, in second extention along the enhancing again of the spiral flow of deflection ore pulp fluid motion, prevented sedimentation in the zone of the sidewall that the lighter gangue particle that will the be removed ore pulp fluid in second extention collides, thereby provide described particle between baffle plate and the motion of no sedimentation in the entire cross section of ore pulp fluid, improved the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable component.

Acute angle between the longitudinal axis of the acute angle between the baffle plate of the baffle plate of intake section and second extention and described two parts preferably equates.This has improved gangue particle from the moving condition of sidewall to the space between baffle plate under the effect of the lateral flow of the close bottom at center, next rely on the strength of main flow that described particle is delivered to treatment region boundary place in addition, and eliminated the laterally mobile and loss of the valuable component particle that comprises fine particle, owing to kept fine particle, the grain graininess that adds suitable valuable component is formed, can improve the extraction grade of valuable component, take away gangue particle owing to strengthened from treatment region more, thereby further improved the enrichment grade of material to be processed.

When using at least three extentions, preferably be docked at each rearmounted extention on the preposition extention and make it go up lateral deflection with preposition extention in the opposite direction with respect to the side of intake section deflection with respect to intake section.

This makes at the ore pulp fluid during along vertically the advancing of device, can be the ore pulp fluid with the periodically lateral deflection of different yawing moments, therefore increased the kinetic energy of the eddy flow that produces in each part, strengthened carrying under one's arms to gangue particle, and they can not take place in the sedimentation across the whole width of each part of device on whole length, this has improved the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable mineral.

In at least one extention, the structure that at least one baffle plate is higher or lower than the baffle plate of intake section is favourable.

This can strengthen the moving local turbulent flow of ore pulp fluid, so that destroy the solid phase agglomerate that is included in the valuable component effectively in the workspace of device, thereby has improved the extraction grade of described valuable component.

Preferably have at least the bottom of an extention to be convex or spill at least in the part; Better structure is that the bottom is sinusoidal waveform.

This can make its deflection ore pulp fluid vertically, its curve is flowed, and generation acts on the ore pulp solid phase, promotion valuable component particle separation and sedimentation, and the extra centrifugal force of the gangue particle that will be removed carried under one's arms, this can improve the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable component.

Also is at least one rearmounted extention feasible on the preposition extention to be greater than or less than that preposition extention gradient with respect to the horizontal plane is docked at.

This can make and drop to one at the ore pulp fluid is in the zone of rearmounted extention of feature with less gradient, improve the turbulence intensity of ore pulp fluid and the destruction of increase solid phase agglomerate, with one of convenient flow of slurry direction of flow subsequently be the extention of feature with big gradient the time, promote the intensity of the static vortex in the space between acceleration of ore pulp fluid and the increase baffle plate, this can improve the enrichment of valuable component and extract grade.

Preferably the location of at least one baffle plate at least one extention, make the gradient of each baffle plate that itself and gradient bottom corresponding be greater than or less than intake section and corresponding bottom.

This can be inserted into an extra disturbance in the ore pulp fluid, to improve the ore pulp fluid degree of the inhomogeneities of flow resistance longitudinally, forms an extra ore pulp fluid turbulence, thereby has improved the enrichment of valuable component and extracted grade.

In at least one extention, it also is suitable only providing baffled glazing bar on the part of its bottom.

This can quicken flowing of ore pulp fluid, so that do not have to improve on the extention position of baffle plate its kinetic energy at those, thereby can strengthen owing to after the deflection of one side, clashing into the lateral flow that sidewall produces at the ore pulp fluid, recover the operational capacity of the static vortex in the space between the baffle plate, make its have enough track rotary speeies with carry under one's arms gangue particle to be removed with therefrom separate the valuable component particle.

Preferably at least one extention has sidewall crooked and that be parallel to each other, the baffle plate of each glazing bar in the described extention extends along a line, the tangent line by certain point on the every line and the baffle plate of intake section form an acute angle, and this acute angle in fact with the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal axis of intake section and the described extention by described point between the angle equate.

This can further strengthen the destruction to the solid phase agglomerate that contains valuable component in the workspace of device, this is the effect owing to the mobile alternation centrifugal force that produces of bent sidewall of going for a stroll from the ore pulp fluid.In addition, can set up like this and make ore pulp solid phase such flow of slurry concrete conditions in the establishment of a specific crime of uniform distribution on, therefore improve the enrichment of valuable component and extracted grade across the width of treatment region.

Preferably at least in the end have perforation on the discharging position of the bottom of part, and these perforation can be closed periodically.

Because their possibilities of independently discharging are provided, convenient wash the capture cover layer that contains valuable component, this has improved the reliability and the quality of the operation of installing.

Therefore, utilize the device of selected valuable mineral of the present invention can improve the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable component.In addition, actual use of the present invention can obtain method more cheap and more reliable selected valuable mineral.

Utilize the various embodiment of described invention, the present invention can use under the condition of fault feature.

Described method is implemented with following mode.

What contain valuable component particle and gangue particle will be by selected mineral, and---for example a kind of gold mine that contains---with a kind of liquid---for example water---mixes, to obtain ore pulp, subsequently ore pulp input treatment region, in treatment region by common as physical action (for example, by arranging a plurality of systems that form the part of position, oblique angle with horizontal plane that are arranged in) make the ore pulp of processing form an ore pulp fluid, and it is vertically flowed along treatment region, wherein form a capture cover layer that contains the ore pulp solid phase of sedimentation in treatment region.Ore pulp fluid in the processing when treatment region passes through, little by little is filled in the valuable component particle of separating in the ore pulp from handle in the gravitational field to capturing cover layer at it.Be deposited in simultaneously with valuable component that to capture in the cover layer be the gangue particle of the tectal trapping ability of influence.In order to improve tectal trapping ability, in that just quickened flowing of processed ore pulp fluid the zero hour of the ore pulp input treatment region beginning position of treatment region (promptly), so that increase the kinetic energy of ore pulp fluid.For example can be by suitably selecting the operating condition of ore pulp fluid input device, or the method that the ore pulp fluid applies active force is quickened the ore pulp fluid by border at treatment region.By utilizing said method to increase the kinetic energy of ore pulp fluid, produce strong turbulent flow, to recover tectal trapping ability.For this purpose, when the ore pulp fluid advances by treatment region, the lengthwise movement of ore pulp fluid is provided at uneven flow resistance on flow of slurry body length and the width.When treatment region flows, ore pulp fluid and local flow resistance interaction, so its turbulent flow increasing make gangue particle extract from capture cover layer for this reason, and becoming suspended state, the result has recovered the ability that described cover layer captures particle.

Just because of such as the bottom that changes treatment region and the roughness on border, side, insert various flow restriction things, set up for uneven flow resistance on the length of ore pulp fluid and the width, and put in its lengthwise movement, make to have formed a static vortex system that the rotation direction of described static vortex and the rotation direction of the vortex in the initial position form an acute angle at ore pulp fluid lower boundary.By utilizing the above-mentioned non-uniform flow dynamic resistance that the effect on the ore pulp fluid is set up that is applied to, give static vortex system a track rotary speed, this track rotary speed is greater than the sinking speed of the gangue particle that will be removed, but less than the sinking speed of the smallest particles of the valuable component that can capture with the method that proposes here.

In order to guarantee to prevent that gangue particle from capturing on the cover layer or flow of slurry side boundary vicinity, the accumulation in the place that track rotary speed promptly low at local ore pulp fluid velocity and static vortex reduces, ore pulp fluid in the process of will advancing from the input direction to one side lateral deflection, on the lateral boundaries of ore pulp fluid, form a percussion, set up a horizontal barometric gradient, under its effect, produced a horizontal ore pulp motion, when the conveying campaign of itself and ore pulp fluid combines, produced helical flow, its axis is consistent with the direction of the ore pulp fluid of deflection.Above-mentioned deflection by the ore pulp fluid is linked to be acts on the borderline percussion in flow of slurry side and the horizontal mobile disadvantageous flowing velocity of boundary vicinity that has compensated it is fallen, and has eliminated the accumulation of gangue particle in the described zone.The helical flow of Xing Chenging has promoted gangue particle in the width of ore pulp fluid and the motion on the length in this case, is discharged to fully outside the treatment region up to them, keeps the valuable component particle transfixion that captures simultaneously again.The best angle of ore pulp fluid lateral deflection is between 0.5 to 45 °, described angle is set up the power of the best on the solid phase that acts on the ore pulp in the processing, this power is even as big as mobile gangue particle, but is not enough to provide the fluid dynamic condition of valuable component particle of carrying under one's arms.For the sliding condition that improves gangue particle with make them remain on suspended state, so that subsequently they are discharged from treatment region, form static vortex in appropriate mode, make the angle of direction and the as many as ore pulp fluid of the formed angle of the direction lateral deflection of the rotation of static vortex in initial flow of slurry body region of rotation of each the static vortex in deflection flow of slurry body region.

All above-mentioned measures have all improved the extraction and the enrichment grade of valuable component.

The above-mentioned effect that is produced by helical flow can strengthen with following method, when the ore pulp fluid vertically advances, makes its lateral deflection every now and then, utilizes the alternating direction of ore pulp fluid deflector, has strengthened the effect of centrifugal force on solid ore pulp particle.

By from input direction vertically deflection ore pulp fluid can cause extra centrifugal force, promptly pass through along one, its path of sinusoidal curve for example, by utilizing any known method, mechanicals efforts for example, act on the lower boundary of ore pulp fluid, described extra centrifugal force is put on the pulp solids particle so that promote the separation and the sedimentation of valuable component particle, and promote carrying under one's arms of gangue particle.

Because the turbulent flow of the local ore pulp fluid when the ore pulp fluid advances by treatment region, make and to obtain extra separation valuable component and the effect of carrying under one's arms gangue particle, reduce or improve the flow resistance that acts on the ore pulp longitudinal fluid movement by the part and can realize described turbulent flow, for example, the flow restriction thing that is installed in any position of treatment region by utilization partly acts on the ore pulp fluid, or reduces the input angle of ore pulp fluid by the part.

Be used for by treatment region the time, overcoming local resistance just because of the ore pulp fluid dynamic energy, keep static vortex and local turbulent flow to be subjected to very big loss, make the kinetic energy of ore pulp fluid reduce, particularly in the situation that the milder ore pulp fluid gradient is with respect to the horizontal plane arranged.In this case,, eliminate all flow resistances by the acceleration scheme that in treatment region, provides specially, or the local flow gradient at some the independent positions by being increased in treatment region, the local extraly ore pulp fluid that quickens.

Above-mentioned effect on the ore pulp fluid has promoted the separation of valuable component particle from the gangue particle that will be removed, and the accumulation of the valuable component particle in capturing cover layer, has therefore improved the enrichment of valuable component and has extracted grade.

When the capture cover layer is full of fully by valuable component, by a kind of liquid, water for example, to be input in the treatment region even as big as the speed of cleaning and discharge one deck gangue particle that in operating process, compiles, the flushing valuable component, therefore extracted valuable component, the whole technique circulation will repeat.Below by the method that proposes here being described in more detail with reference to explanation to the operation of the device of implementing described method.

For helping to understand the present invention, below with reference to accompanying drawing some special embodiment are described, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the floor map of a kind of two partial devices of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the side view of the partly cut-away of two parts device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the plane of one five partial devices of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the side view of the partly cut-away of one five partial devices of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial plan layout of the present invention.

Implement best method of the present invention

As described herein, selected valuable mineral mainly is that the device that contains gold mine mainly is made of an intake section 1 (Fig. 1) of being connected in series and an extention 2.Part 1 and 2 (Fig. 2) becomes a gradient φ (Fig. 2) with horizontal plane on the ore pulp input direction.Each part 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) all has sidewall 3,4 and bottom 5 and 6 (Fig. 2), removably be installed with on the bottom 5,6 bottom 5,6 that has with respect to correspondence on the ore pulp input direction with angle ω 1; ω 2; ω 3; Baffle plate 9,10,10 ' on be furnished with glazing bar 7,8.Extention 2 (Fig. 1) is with respect to intake section 1 lateral deflection.Extention 2 with respect to the deflection angle of intake section 1 (be they separately longitudinal axis a and the acute angle between the b1) be 0.5 to 45 °.

Such structure arrangement makes and can interact with the sidewall 4 of described part 2 when the ore pulp fluid enters extention 2, the result is the horizontal componental movement of the ore pulp fluid motion that obtained it, and this componental movement is corresponding to the tangent of extention 2 relative intake section 1 angle of deflection 1.

Suitably select described angle α 1, so that can form the power on the solid phase particles that acts on the ore pulp in the processing, and this active force is even as big as mobile gangue particle, but the unlikely condition that provides waterpower to carry under one's arms ore pulp valuable component particle.

As the deflection angle α 1 of part 1 and 2 during less than 0.5 °, the cross stream component of ore pulp fluid velocity makes and to be produced by the ore pulp fluid, the power on the ore pulp particle that captures in the cover layer of acting on is less than the frictional force between the described particle, and they are moved mutually, therefore can not loose capture cover layer and recover its trapping ability, and the extraction of valuable component is produced adverse influence.

As the deflection angle α 1 of part 1 and 2 during greater than 45 °, the cross stream component of ore pulp fluid velocity has surpassed its longitudinal component, and this will cause capturing tectal destruction, and the ore pulp fluid in the processed district is taken away it and valuable component together.

In intake section 1, the sidewall 3 of the baffle plate 9 vertical described parts 1 of glazing bar 7, and be parallel to each other, this makes it possible to set up static vortex at the lower boundary of ore pulp fluid, and the direction of the rotation of each described static vortex is vertical with the input direction of ore pulp fluid.

The baffle plate 10 of glazing bar 8 is opposite with the yawing moment of the extention 2 that described baffle plate wherein is installed with respect to the yawing moment of intake section 1 in the extention 2, when this can make the ore pulp fluid flow through treatment region, lower boundary place at the ore pulp fluid forms static vortex, and the rotating shaft of the static vortex in the direction of the rotating shaft of described static vortex and the initial position forms an acute angle.

Baffle plate 10 in extention 2 intersects acute angles beta 1 with its sidewall 4, and form an acute angle gamma 1 with the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1, in fact the acute angle gamma 1 between the baffle plate 10 of the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1 and extention 2 equates with separately longitudinal axis a and the sharp angle 1 between the b1.This has guaranteed to form an inhomogeneous resistance that acts on the ore pulp longitudinal fluid movement, simultaneously because the direction of baffle plate 10 deflections is opposite with respect to intake section 1 yawing moment with extention 2, make that the ore pulp solid phase can uniform distribution on the whole width of treatment region, and formation can make gangue particle from the higher density being the local turbulent eddies of separating the valuable component particle of feature, to strengthen the valuable component particle in the supratectal sedimentation of capture.

Also can make at least one baffle plate 10 (Fig. 2) of extention 2 have height h1, or baffle plate 10 ' the have height h2 of the height H of the baffle plate 9 that is lower than intake section 1 above the height H of the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1.In addition, also can make at least one baffle plate 10 in the extention 2 with respect to the placement angle ω 2 of bottom 6 greater than each baffle plate 9 of intake section 1 angle of inclination ω 1 with respect to bottom 5, or make baffle plate 10 ' angle of inclination ω 3 less than the angle of inclination ω 1 of the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1.

By the baffle plate 10 of regulating extention 2 as mentioned above, 10 ' height h1, h2, and/or the angle of inclination ω 2 of described baffle 10,10 ' correspondence bottom 6, ω 3, the degree of irregularity that acts on the flow resistance of ore pulp longitudinal fluid movement can or reduce according to predefined ore pulp fluid longitudinal velocity increase, so that form an inertial force field, this inertia force is even as big as making the valuable component particles settling, and still can keep gangue particle is carried under one's arms in the ore pulp fluid.

Here the device of Ti Chuing can be added at least one extention 11, extention 11 butts up against preposition extention 2 (Fig. 3), and with respect to it to any side lateral deflection, (a, b2) the angle α 2 between is between 0.5 to 45 ° to make the longitudinal axis of the intake section 1 and second extention 11.In this embodiment, the direction of baffle plate 12 deflections of the glazing bar 13 of second extention 11 is opposite with respect to the yawing moment of preposition extention 2 with described part 11, and place with acute angles beta 2 with the sidewall 14 of its place part 11, so that determine an acute angle gamma 2 with the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1.The longitudinal axis a of acute angle gamma 2 as many as described two parts that limit between the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1 and the baffle plate 12 of second extention 11 and the sharp angle 2 between the b2.

Fig. 3 has shown the device that is proposed, wherein intake section 1 and four extentions 2,11,15 and 16 sequentially the butt joint, its docking mode be the postposition extention 11,15 and 16 in each butt up against preposition extention 2 respectively, 11,15, and respectively with preposition extention 2,11 and 15 with respect to intake section 1 lateral deflection side in the opposite direction with respect to the intake section lateral deflection.In other words, be exactly in extention 2,11 and 16 each all be with the direction deflection opposite with respect to intake section 1.Mobile every change first power of ore pulp fluid to, the ore pulp solid phase particles in the processing will be subjected to impact load, impact load is high more, the absolute value of the variation of ore pulp fluid velocity direction is just big more.The result has destroyed argillaceous agglomerate, therefrom discharges the particle of valuable component, and this has just improved the extraction grade of described valuable component.

All above-mentioned baffle plates 12 about the deflection of preposition extention 11 and installation correspondence therein all can be used for extention 15 and 16 subsequently equally, and their baffle plate 17,18.

The bottom 19 (Fig. 4) of at least one extention 15 can be that raise up at least in part or recessed.In a specific example shown in Figure 4, the bottom 19 of extention 15 is sine wave shapes, and promptly part epirelief and part are recessed.

Extention 2,11, each in 15 and 16 can butt up against preposition part 1,2,11 or 15 as follows, makes its angle of inclination φ 2, and φ 3, and φ 4, and φ 5 is greater than or less than the angle of inclination φ 1 of preposition part 1,2,11,15, and φ 2, and φ 3, and φ 4.

By changing the shape and/or the extention 2 of bottom 19,11,15,16 angle of inclination φ 2, φ 3, and φ 4, the size of φ 5, can set vertical flowing velocity of ore pulp fluid, this speed and predefined flow resistance have caused the above-mentioned inertial force field that acts on valuable component particle and the gangue particle together.According to the size and the shape that are present in the valuable component particle in the given ore, grade with its washability, 19 shape bottom changing respectively, or change extention 2,11,15,16 angle of inclination φ 2, φ 3, and φ 4, φ 5, can or high or low repetitive rate increase and reduce vertical flowing velocity of ore pulp fluid.

When the feature of processed ore is when containing the valuable component particle of the big specific surface of having of high-load, and/or the overall dimension of device hour, for turbulent flow and the tectal efficient of loose capture that improves the ore pulp fluid, need on a little treatment region area, cause periodic change to the direction of the cross stream velocity component of ore pulp fluid.In this case, can curve, i.e. the sidewall 20 (Fig. 5) of bending or tortuous at least one extention 21, and two sidewalls are parallel to each other.Each baffle plate 22 of the glazing bar 23 of described extention 21 must extend along a line, tangent line (B) by each (M) on the every line forms acute angle gamma 3 with the baffle plate of intake section 1, and in fact described angle γ 3 equates with the angle α 3 of the longitudinal axis (b3) of the longitudinal axis (a) of intake section 1 and the described extention 21 by set point (M).

For making ore pulp in the processing that the purpose of higher acceleration be arranged, the glazing bar 24 (Fig. 3) of band baffle plate 12 can only be set on the bottom 25 of part at least one extention 11 on it vertically flows.

At least in the end the outlet position of the bottom 6 (Fig. 1) of part 2 (Fig. 1) and 16 (Fig. 3) and bottom 26 (Fig. 3) perforation, hole 27 (Fig. 4) can periodically close, and for example backing plate 28 is placed on the bottom 26 of site of perforation of last extention 16.

According to technical consideration, can in above-mentioned scope separately, select extention 2,11,15,16 quantity and angle [alpha], β, the size of γ, so that according to the washed grade of processed ore, and/or for the consideration of the landform that said apparatus is installed, set up the optimal hydraulic conditions that is used to have definite particulate component ore pulp fluid, so that the extraction and the enrichment grade of the highest possible valuable component to be provided.

The below operating process of explanation said apparatus.

In order to produce ore pulp, the ore of handling is mixed with water, and be input to the bottom of intake section 1, wherein because the results of interaction between the baffle plate 9 of ore-aqueous mixtures and glazing bar 7, the decomposition of ore and the final formation that the ore pulp fluid constitutes have been realized, the sidewall 3 vertical arrangements of baffle plate and intake section 1, the feature that described structure is formed are to represent with the gradation curve that is contained in the gangue particle in a kind of given ore pulp and the gradation curve of valuable component particle.As a result, formed static vortex at the ore pulp fluid lower boundary place of initial flow of slurry body region, the rotation direction of each described static vortex is vertical with the input direction of ore pulp fluid.The ore pulp fluid continues to arrive forward extention 2.At the ore pulp fluid along initial moment that the part 1 and 2 of device is advanced, by baffle plate 9 and 10 and the flow resistance that causes of the bending in the butt joint zone of part 1 and 2 cause on the bottom 5 and 6 of each part 1 and 2, having formed the capture cover layer, described cover layer contains the ore pulp solid phase in the space that is deposited between the baffle plate.On the bottom 5 and 6 of part 1 and 2, what so obtain captures cover layer naturally owing to difform ore pulp solid phase particles has a kind of loose structure, and has high trapping ability in initial time phase.Owing to be related to the Gravity Separation of the density of solid phase particles, further part 1 and the 2 input ore pulp fluids to device have caused capturing the particle of having filled the valuable component of density maximum in the cover layer.

As mentioned above, in intake section 1, the ore agglomerate decomposes on lagging 9 just, and has formed ore pulp fluid solid phase formation.When the ore pulp fluid enters into extention 2, formed the cross stream component of velocity from the direction of longitudinal axis (a) deflection of intake section 1 at the longitudinal axis (b1) of extention 2, this be since described extention 2 with respect to intake section 1 deflection angle [alpha] 1, due to sidewall 4 results of interaction of ore pulp fluid and described part 2.

Utilization is installed in the baffle plate 9 in extention 1 and the extention 2,10 have formed the non-uniform flow dynamic resistance to the lengthwise movement of ore pulp fluid in device, make and to form because ore pulp fluid and baffle plate 9,10 collisions and the static vortex of the close bottom of causing, the rotation direction of described static vortex and baffle plate 9,10 length direction unanimity, and form an acute angle with the rotation of static vortex in the initial flow of slurry body region.

Select the ore pulp fluid condition (be the degree of depth and the flow velocity of fluid) relevant, make the track rotary speed of vortex above the sinking speed of the gangue particle that will remove be lower than the sinking speed of the valuable component particle that will capture with baffle plate 9 and 10.The purpose that produces static vortex is will be by rolling gangue particle and providing the possibility of sedimentation in the space of valuable component between baffle plate to come loose capture cover layer and the hydraulic classiciation of carrying out the ore pulp solid phase.

When ore pulp fluid longitudinal stream during to extention 2, because extention 2 is with respect to the input axis lateral shift of ore pulp fluid, the laterally bias current of ore pulp fluid, and 4 pairs of ore pulp fluids of the sidewall of extention 2 produce a percussion.Owing to the described sidewall 4 of ore pulp fluid impact, prevented the sedimentation of gangue particle, thereby made the degree of depth of the ore pulp fluid increase that the degree of depth of the ore pulp fluid at sidewall 4 places on opposite one side of extention 2 remains unchanged at this moment there in the zone of close sidewall 4.Depth difference on the ore pulp fluid cross-section has been linked to be a horizontal barometric gradient, under the effect of barometric gradient, the region generating of the close bottom of described part lateral flow, described lateral flow is taken away the gangue particle of being rolled by static vortex the space between baffle plate, and with a speed that reduces gangue is removed from the zone near sidewall.When converging with the deflection ore pulp fluid that flows along extention 2, cross-current causes a helical flow that gangue particle is taken away from the workspace of device.

The enrichment moderate can be washed, and difficulty is washed or during erratic boulder class ore, preferably strengthened the tectal process of loose capture and strengthen the impact load that acts on the ore pulp fluid solid phase.Preferably also increase the overall length of device in this case, promptly utilize the extention 11,15 and 16 that is docked on the preposition extention 2.

---this process has been weakened during through the treatment region of device at the ore pulp fluid---is reinforced when the ore pulp fluid arrives rearmounted extention 11,15 and, the above-mentioned processing procedure of carrying out at 16 o'clock in the ore pulp fluid.

Interact between the baffle plate 10 and 10 of ore pulp fluid and extention 2 '---they have height h1 and the h2 big and/or littler than the height H of the baffle plate 9 of intake section 1 respectively---and strengthened the turbulence level of ore pulp fluid, when the ore pulp fluid also can be strengthened turbulence level from having when the extention 2 of big gradient φ 2 with respect to the horizontal plane flows to the extention 11 of the less gradient φ 3 with relative horizontal plane.

The ore pulp fluid strikes after the higher baffle plate 10, lost its kinetic energy, and then because in order to keep the rotation of static vortex system, produce turbulent flow, overcome friction, the ore pulp fluid clashes into the sidewall 4 of extention 2 continuously, has depleted its kinetic energy, has little by little lost the ability that the ore pulp fluid is separated into the ore pulp solid phase valuable component particle and gangue particle when ore pulp fluid longitudinal stream is moving.This generation is fast especially under the milder situation of ore pulp fluid rake ratio with respect to the horizontal plane.When the ore pulp fluid entered the bottom 25 of extention 11, for the purpose that reduces flow resistance and kinetic energy rejection, the glazing bar 24 of mounting strap baffle plate 12 was come at this position, so, during this position of ore pulp fluid process, can recover the kinetic energy that it loses.

Can be positioned at the position of with respect to the horizontal plane the angle of inclination φ 5 bigger by making another extention 16, or, recover the kinetic energy that the ore pulp fluid loses by reducing flow resistance simultaneously and increasing the method at angle of inclination than preposition extention 15.This can strengthen lateral flow and the ability to work of recovering static vortex in the space between baffle plate, make it have enough big track rotary speed, with the particle of rolling the gangue that will remove with therefrom separate the valuable component particle and they be deposited to capture on the cover layer.

By suitably being the baffle plate 10 ' orientation of extention 2, make a positive angle ω 3 of baffle plate 10 ' be inclined relative to horizontal, add the previously selected lateral deflection of extention 2 from the ore pulp input direction, predetermined angle of inclination φ with on the ore pulp input direction can strengthen the space between baffle plate and take away gangue particle.The baffle plate of setting 10 ' inclination positive-angle ω 3 be not more than the valuable component stratum granulosum that makes the water saturation state natural angle of slope degree along baffle plate 10 ' slip, and can approach to impel the gangue particle of water saturation state along the natural angle of slope degree of taking away baffle plate 10 ' slip and the space between baffle plate.

Further intensifying device is separated the solid ore pulp and is the operation of valuable component particle and gangue particle on the extention 15 of the bottom 19 with vertical sine wave shape.When the ore pulp fluid flows to the extention 15 with shaped form bottom 19, ore deposit dress fluid path is subjected to bending in a vertical plane, with the extra centrifugal force that formation acts on the ore pulp solid phase and helps valuable component particle separation and sedimentation and take away gangue particle, this makes it possible to improve the grade of the enrichment and the extraction of valuable component.

Provide and have curvilinear sidewall and epirelief, the extention of recessed or sinusoidal waveform bottom, change extention gradient with respect to the horizontal plane, change the gradient and the height of baffle plate, on the part of bottom, glazing bar is installed, or any other above-mentioned structure arrangement feature can the impact load of booster action on the solid phase of ore pulp fluid, thereby the destruction of clay matter agglomerate and separating of ore pulp valuable component particle have been guaranteed, the quantity of the above-mentioned change that apparatus structure had is many more, and above-mentioned processing procedure is carried out effectively more.

Be full of fully by the valuable component particle in case capture cover layer, cover layer will be rinsed together with valuable component.For this purpose, from all parts 1,2,11,16 and 21 (perforation 27 appears at the outlet position of decline 16, by, for example, removing backing plate 28 comes out them) bottom 5,6 and 25 on pull down and have baffle plate 9,10,12,17,18 and 22 glazing bar 7,8,23 and 24, so the input flushing water washes out the ore of enrichment.Then backing plate 28 and baffled glazing bar are placed in original position, repeat whole operation cycle.

Example one

Ore pulp is prepared by easy washup, and the form of the composition of ore is intermediate sand, and wherein size accounts for 17% less than the content of the particle of 0.27mm, and the size of gravel rock field trash reaches 100mm, and the gold content of ore in sand form is 1g/m ³, wherein most of goldc grains size is greater than 0.1mm, and particle accounts for 2% less than the goldc grains of 0.1mm.

Preparation during ore pulp water as liquid phase, admittedly liquid/be in a ratio of 6: 1.Then the ore pulp for preparing with every meter ore pulp fluid width 0.05m ³The specific discharge of/s is input to treatment region.When being input to treatment region, the ore pulp fluid is accelerated to the speed of 2.0m/s by the voltage rise height, and vertically flows to the intake section baffle plate in the initial position of treatment region.Then, also contain the ore pulp fluid of soil agglomerate and the baffle plate collision at position, sintering, destroying most agglomerate, so, make the lateral deflection of ore pulp fluid owing to the percussion that becomes the lateral boundaries of the part at 6.5 ° of angles to produce with inceptive direction that the ore pulp fluid flows to the ore pulp fluid.In order to recover that part of kinetic energy of ore pulp fluid breaks soil agglomerate and the loss of bump intake section baffle plate, in lateral deflection ore pulp fluid, also, make it at the vertical plane upper deflecting by the angle of one 9 ° of the changes in pitch of its lower boundary.Just because of acting on impulsive force on the ore pulp fluid by what described lateral boundaries produced when ore pulp fluid impact lateral boundaries and during lateral deflection, make the horizontal plane of ore pulp fluid one side than the high 0.2m of horizontal plane of its an opposite lateral boundaries.Because the effect of the difference of the borderline horizontal plane in both sides of the ore pulp fluid that is produced, formed a horizontal barometric gradient, by this horizontal barometric gradient, mainly formed the lateral flow that a speed is 0.2m/s to the maximum at the lower boundary of ore pulp fluid, described lateral flow moves to its middle part to gangue particle from the lateral boundaries of ore pulp fluid, and here they are caught and wash away from treatment region by main deflection stream.In order under the effect of lateral flow, to make the easiest lateral boundaries of gangue particle laterally slip over the ore pulp fluid from it, make ore pulp flow direction and horizontal line form an angle that is 10 ° to the maximum, the angle of inclination of flowing naturally of the soil of the maximum water saturation state in the selection of this angle and the processing matches.Lateral flow and ore pulp fluid main carries motion to be combined together to form the identical helical flow of direction of an axis direction and the ore pulp fluid of deflection then, described helical flow is transported to the center to gangue particle from side ore pulp fluid boundary, and they are discharged to outside the workspace.The speed that equals the following ore pulp fluid boundary of 0.2m/s is enough to the gangue particle of horizontal mobile size less than 0.27mm, but too little and can not delivery size be equal to or greater than the gold grain of 0.1mm; Therefore described gold grain and size surpass the lower boundary motion of the sand grains of 0.27mm to the ore pulp fluid, capture cover layer (or bed body) thereby formed one.Just because of the rough surface of bed body, make the ore pulp fluid layer of close bottom slow down, so that the valuable component particle of 0.1mm size is precipitated out under the hydraulics of estimating in advance.The valuable component particle of sedimentation is full of and captures tectal hole, makes it so not coarse, thereby has reduced tectal deceleration and trapping ability.

Then, since by act on that local resistance on the ore pulp fluid causes to the flow of slurry body length of ore pulp longitudinal fluid movement and the non-uniform flow dynamic resistance on the width, formed a static vortex system, described spiral type is formed in each the local resistance part near the lower boundary of ore pulp fluid.Described local resistance suitably is set, makes that the axis of each static eddy current is parallel with the direction of lateral flow.The track rotary speed of each static vortex is lower than the sinking speed of the gold grain that equals 6.6cm/s, but surpass the sinking speed of the gangue particle that will remove that equals 2.5m/s in this special case, and be equivalent on weight, to equal have the sinking speed of the sand particle of the gold grain that is approximately the 0.1mm size.Owing to depend on the average flow velocity of the degree of depth of ore pulp fluid, formed the described track rotary speed of static vortex, and be to obtain at the described degree of depth place that is approximately 0.2m with 9 a ° predetermined angle of inclination.

Just because of the ore pulp fluid parameter of the waterpower of above-mentioned suitable selection and how much, make can delivery size can not be deposited in the treatment region to the gravel of 100mm greatly that therefore the method that proposes is to implement in continuous pattern.

Utilize the above-mentioned parameter of the method that proposes, implement the present invention under the condition of above-mentioned example, can obtain to be about 98% golden recovery rate, its concentrational factor is 89.

Example two

Ore pulp is by a kind of easy washup made of stones being equipped with, the form of the composition of ore is to have the coarse sand that size reaches 2mm, the content of wherein large-sized sand particle is less than 1%, the content that has less than the undersized sand of 0.1mm diameter reaches 10%, the size that it is characterized in that erratic boulder rock field trash reaches 100mm, and the gold content of ore in sand form is 1g/m ³, wherein most of goldc grains size is greater than 0.08mm, and particle accounts for 1% less than the goldc grains of 0.08mm.

Water is as liquid phase when the preparation ore pulp, and solid-liquid is in a ratio of 1: 10.Then the ore pulp for preparing with 0.15m ³(this is equivalent to 1080m every day to the flow of/s ³Solid phase) be input to treatment region.Treatment region is formed by four part butt joints, and they have 0.5 ° mutual lateral deflection angle, and they are grooves of the rectangular cross section of 8 ° of placements of inclination, and has the glazing bar that relies on the baffle plate that has inclination and the capture cover layer that forms in described each several part.

Because the size of erratic boulder rock field trash reaches 100mm, so the ore pulp fluid depth more than baffle plate is set at 100mm, and the speed of ore pulp fluid elects 2.5m/s as, so that erratic boulder rock field trash is flushed to outside the workspace in the clear.

Because the dimension limit of gold grain equals 0.08mm, utilize to have 2.5 ^*10 ^-2The glazing bar of the height of m and 0.1m baffle plate is at interval set up the capture cover layer.Utilize above-mentioned ore pulp fluid and capture the cover layer parameter, the speed of ore pulp fluid is 3.1m/s, and it surpasses takes away the required minimum (2.5m/s) of erratic boulder rock field trash.Since above-mentioned ore pulp fluid flow, gradient, and the degree of depth and speed are so the width of each groove equals 0.7m.It is 0.5 ° that baffle plate is taked with respect to horizontal gradient, promptly equals the angle of ore pulp fluid lateral deflection, this feasible enrichment grade that can capture minimum valuable component particle effectively and improve described component.The lateral deflection angle that equals 0.5 ° extention makes and to obtain the nearly underflow speed of effective ore pulp fluid up to 0.2m/s in can the space between baffle plate, this is enough to remove the small size sand component and the large scale component of mobile sand periodically, so that their side regions from the ore pulp fluid are transported to the zone of being taken away by main flow.

Utilize above-mentioned parameter, the device of Ti Chuing is implemented the method that proposes here with the same manner described in the example one here, therefore can obtain near 99% golden recovery rate and 78 concentrational factor.

Example three

Ore pulp is equipped with by easy washup is made of stones, and the composition form of ore is that large scale sand-grain volume content is lower than 1% the particle size intermediate sand less than 1.0mm, and the gold content of ore is 1g/m ³, wherein most of gold grain size is greater than 0.1mm, has only 2% goldc grains less than 0.1mm.

Water is as liquid phase when the preparation ore pulp, and solid-liquid is in a ratio of 1: 8.With 0.05m ³(it is equivalent to 450m every day to the flow of/s ³Solid phase) ore pulp input treatment region.Treatment region is that the part by two butt joints at an angle to each other constitutes, and is shaped as the groove of rectangular cross section, places with 6 ° gradients, and has the capture cover layer that the glazing bar that relies on the baffle plate that band tilts in described part forms.

Dimension limit according to gold grain equals 0.1mm, captures cover layer and be to utilize that to have spacing/aspect ratio be that the glazing bar of 2 baffle plate forms.In this case, the flow of slurry height is 2.5 * 10 in the degree of depth of baffle plate ^-2M, the height of baffle plate are 3 * 10 ^-2M, baffle spacing are 6 * 10 ^-2M.According to described ore pulp fluid and capture cover layer parameter, the speed of ore pulp fluid is 1.1m/s.According to the flow of above-mentioned ore pulp fluid, gradient, the degree of depth and speed, the width of each groove equals 0.93m.The baffle plate that adopts is not more than 10 ° with respect to horizontal gradient.The angle of the lateral deflection of extention (being the angle of ore pulp fluid deflector) is set at 8 °, and this makes that the nearly underflow speed in the space can reach 0.25m/s between baffle plate, and this speed is enough to move the gangue particle less than 1mm.

Utilize the above-mentioned parameter of the device that proposes here, implement the method that proposes here, therefore can obtain being approximately 98% golden recovery rate and 99 concentrational factor with the same manner described in the example one.

Example four

Ore pulp is the ore preparation that can be washed by moderate, and the composition form of ore is: comprise the sandy loam of the clay dust-like field trash of 85% sand and 15%, the content of wherein big sand particle (greater than 2.0mm) reaches 1.2%, and the content of gold is 1g/m ³, most of goldc grains size greater than 0.15mm (less than the particle of 0.15mm size be no more than the goldc grains gross weight 1.5%).

Water is as liquid phase when the preparation ore pulp, and solid-liquid is compared and elected 1: 15 as.With 0.05m ³The flow of/s (that is, every day 360m ³Solid phase) ore pulp is input to treatment region, the intake section of treatment region and two rectangular shape of cross sections of extention, two extentions and intake section are docking together, and 6.5 ° of angles of lateral deflection, and the mutual yawing moment between each several part is to replace in the cycle.The gradient of each several part is respectively 9 °, 9 ° and 5 °.By means of having the glazing bar that becomes the baffle plate at 85 ° of angles with the bottom, in each several part, form and capture cover layer.

Dimension limit according to gold grain equals 0.15mm, captures cover layer and be that to utilize spacing/aspect ratio be that 2.5 baffle plate forms.In this case, the flow of slurry height is 3.5 in the degree of depth of baffle plate ^*10 ^-2M, height of baffle plate is 4 ^*10 ^-2M, baffle spacing are 0.1m.According to described ore pulp fluid and the tectal parameter of capture, the flow of slurry rate of flow of fluid in first and second parts reaches 1.65m/s.Because the gradient of third part reduces, therefore can make the speed of flow of slurry body be reduced to 1.2m/s, this can strengthen the ore pulp processing procedure and guarantee the better capture of small sized particles in third part in first and second parts.According to above-mentioned ore pulp fluid flow, gradient, the degree of depth and speed, the width of first and second parts is 0.85m, third part be 1.2m.

Because clay matter that exists in the ore pulp and dust-like field trash have promoted the slip of gangue particle along the length direction of baffle plate, so be no more than 8 ° with respect to horizontal gradient for the sandy loam baffle plate.

The angle of lateral deflection is 6.5 °, this feasible nearly underflow speed that can between baffle plate, obtain to be approximately 0.5m/s in the space, and this flow velocity is enough to move the gangue particle less than 2.0mm.

Utilize the above-mentioned parameter of the device that proposes here, implement the method that proposes here, thereby can obtain approximate 98.5% golden recovery rate and 82 concentrational factor with the same manner described in the example one.

Example five

Ore pulp is that the composition form of clay gravel is by made of stones being equipped with of difficult washup that is rendered as clay gravel: comprise 55% clay particle, 40% sand and 5% size are less than the soil agglomerate of the erratic boulder of 20mm.Size accounts for 1% of volume greater than the content of the maximum sand particle of 2mm, and gold content is 6g/m ³, most of gold grain size greater than 0.25mm (less than the content of the goldc grains of 0.25mm be lower than the goldc grains gross weight 2.5%).

Water is as liquid phase when the preparation ore pulp, and solid-liquid is compared and elected 1: 25 as.With 0.03m ³(this is equivalent to 1040m every day to the flow of/s ³Ore) input ore pulp.

Treatment region has an intake section that narrows down gradually, is accelerated to the speed of 3.5m/s at intake section ore pulp fluid.The ore pulp fluid impinges upon with such speed on the baffle plate of intake section, can obtain the effect that part is decomposed clay matter agglomerate.In order to obtain extra execution for agglomerate, four extentions of workspace are docking together with 45 ° lateral deflection angle, the gradient of each extention is with 13 °, 8 °, 13 ° and 6 ° alternately change continuously, and this makes the bonus effect that obtains to destroy agglomerate on the position of vertical change that can be in treatment region.Baffle plate is 45 ° with respect to horizontal gradient, and this makes can set up up to the moving speed of the nearly underflow of 0.7m/s, and this speed is enough to horizontal mobile erratic boulder and maximum sand grains, and the goldc grains of 0.25mm size is moved significantly.Baffle plate is with respect to 67 ° of angles of bottom angled, and this makes main flow can remove maximum erratic boulder particle.The height of baffle plate is 7.0 ^*10 ^-2M, the degree of depth of ore pulp fluid is higher than baffle plate 3.2 * 10 ^-2The spacing of m and baffle plate is 0.3m.With such ore pulp fluid and capture cover layer parameter, the speed of ore pulp fluid remains 3.5m/s in the first and the 3rd extention, be reduced to 2.75m/s and be reduced to 2.5m/s in second portion in the 4th part.In order to recover the kinetic energy of ore pulp fluid, baffled glazing bar is not installed at the start-up portion that the 1.0m of second extention is long.At the last position of the 4th extention the alternation height is set and equals 7 * 10 ^-2M and 5 * 10 ^-2M's, spacing is the baffle plate of 0.1m, this makes and can capture minimum goldc grains effectively.

Utilize the above-mentioned parameter of the device that proposes here, implement the method that proposes here, thereby can obtain to equal 97.5% golden recovery rate and 73 concentrational factor with method same in the example one.

Therefore, the method and apparatus of Ti Chuing may be in the simplest mode here, need not import external energy and improves the extraction and the enrichment grade of the valuable component of ore pulp.

Commercial Application

The present invention can be used for the ore that enrichment contains Jin Hetie, preparation of coal, and selected any needs Ore according to the Density Separation of their components.

Particularly suitable of the present invention is selected gold containing ore in the washing process at all types.

Claims (20)

1. selected valuable mineral, it mainly is the method that contains gold mine, comprise: processed ore pulp input treatment region, described ore pulp contains a liquid phase and one solid phase by valuable component particle that will capture and the gangue particle be combined into that will remove in ore pulp is handled in ore pulp is handled, form a described processed ore pulp fluid, quicken the ore pulp fluid then and it is advanced at treatment region along its length, in treatment region, form one and capture cover layer, with there being the valency grain packing to capture cover layer, in the filling valuable component, recover tectal trapping ability, filled the capture cover layer of the valuable component of accumulation with afterflush; Of the present invention, in order to recover tectal trapping ability, when the ore pulp fluid passes through in the process of start-up portion, form static vortex at its lower boundary place, the rotating shaft of described vortex is perpendicular to the input direction of ore pulp, capture in the valuable component grain packing and tectally to recover tectal trapping ability simultaneously and flushing has the capture cover layer that has accumulated valuable component; Feature of the present invention is, in order to recover tectal trapping ability, the flow resistance to the ore pulp longitudinal fluid movement is set in processing, and described flow resistance is uneven for the length and the width of ore pulp; Form static vortex at following ore pulp fluid boundary, the rotation of described vortex and ore pulp fluid throughput direction shape are at an angle, the purpose of described vortex is to act on the solid phase particles of ore pulp with an orbital velocity, this speed is greater than the sinking speed of gangue particle, but less than the sinking speed of the valuable component particle that is captured; When the ore pulp fluid when the treatment region, by lateral deflection from its input direction, impact force action is on the lateral boundaries of ore pulp fluid and form helical flow, the axis of spiral flow is consistent with the direction of the ore pulp fluid of deflection.

2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the angle of ore pulp fluid lateral deflection is from 0.5 to 45 °.

3. a method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when forming static vortex, in fact the rotation of each static vortex is equated with the angle of ore pulp fluid lateral deflection with the angle that ore pulp fluid throughput direction constitutes.

4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, when the ore pulp fluid passed through treatment region, it was attached to horizontal deflection, alternately changes the direction of deflection simultaneously.

5. a method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, when the ore pulp fluid passed through treatment region, quickened the part that it is added.

6. one kind as claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that, when the ore pulp fluid passed through treatment region, it was subjected to the lengthwise movement resistance or reduces partly or increase partly, perhaps also makes the deflection vertically of ore pulp fluid by crooked its lower boundary.

7. one kind as claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that, when ore pulp fluid during by treatment region, make its deflection vertically by crooked its lower boundary.

8. selected valuable mineral, it mainly is the device that contains gold mine, comprise: that an intake section (1) and at least one sequentially are docking together and with the tilt extention (2) of an angle (φ) of the horizontal plane of ore pulp fluid input direction, each part has sidewall (3,4) and bottom (5,6), be installed with on the bottom and have baffle plate (9,10,10 ') glazing bar (7,8), baffle plate on the direction of ore pulp input to separately bottom (5,6) (ω 1 for angle of inclination, ω 2, ω 3), each baffle plate (9) of intake section (1) meets at right angle and is parallel to each other with its sidewall (3), it is characterized in that: extention (2) is with respect to the side lateral deflection of intake section (1) in both sides, make acute angle (α 1) between the longitudinal axis (a and b1) of two parts between 0.5 and 45 °, the baffle plate (10 of the glazing bar (8) of extention (2), 10 ') change with respect to an opposite lateral deviation of intake section (1) yawing moment to described part (2), and the sidewall (4) with extention (2) when placing forms an acute angle (β 1), so as with baffle plate (9) the formation acute angle (γ 1) of intake section (1).

9. a device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the acute angle (γ 1) between the inlet and the baffle plate (9,10,10 ') of extention (1,2) in fact with the longitudinal axis (a and b1) of described part between acute angle (α 1) equate.

10. device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, when using at least two extentions (2,11) time, second extention (11) is with respect to the side lateral deflection of preposition extention (2) in both sides, make intake section (1) and second extention (11) longitudinal axis (a separately, b2) acute angle between (α 2) is between 0.5 and 45 °, the baffle plate (12) of the glazing bar (13) of second extention (11) is to the rightabout deflection of described part (11) with respect to the yawing moment of preposition extention (2), and the sidewall (14) with its place part (11) when placing forms an acute angle (β 2), so as with baffle plate (9) the formation acute angle (γ 2) of intake section (1).

11. device as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, in fact (a, b2) acute angle between (α 2) equates acute angle (γ 2) between the baffle plate (9,12) of intake section (1) and second extention (11) with the longitudinal axis of described two parts.

12. a device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, when using at least three extentions (2,11,15,16) time, each rearmounted extention (11,15,16) butt up against preposition extention (2,11,15), and with preposition extention (2,11,15) with respect to the opposite direction of intake section (1) yawing moment on respect to intake section (1) lateral deflection.

13. one kind as claim 8, or 10, or 12 described devices, it is characterized in that at least one baffle plate at least one extention (2) (10 or 10 ') has the height (h1 or h2) of the height (H) of the baffle plate (9) that is greater than or less than in the intake section (1).

14. one kind as claim 8, or 10, or 12 described devices, it is characterized in that, the bottom (19) of at least one extention (15) is an epirelief or recessed at least in part.

15. one kind as claim 8, or 10, or 12 described methods, it is characterized in that the bottom (19) of at least one extention (15) is sine-shaped, sinusoidal.

16. one kind as claim 8, or 10, or 12 described devices, it is characterized in that, at least one rearmounted extention (2,11,15,16) butts up against preposition extention (1,2,11,15) mode makes its gradient with respect to the horizontal plane, and (φ 2, φ 3, and φ 4, and φ 5) greater than or less than preposition part (1,2,11,15) (φ 1 for gradient, φ 2, and φ 3, and φ 4).

17. one kind as claim 8, or 10,12 described devices, it is characterized in that the modes of emplacement of at least one baffle plate at least one extention (2) (10 or 10 ') makes it be greater than or less than the gradient (ω 1) of each baffle plate (9) of intake section (1) with respect to bottom (5) with respect to the gradient (ω 2 or ω 3) of bottom (6).

18. one kind as claim 8, or 10, or 12 described devices, it is characterized in that, at least in an extention (11) only the part in its bottom (25) be provided with the glazing bar (24) of baffle plate (12).

19. installation method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, at least one extention (21) has crooked and sidewall (20) that be parallel to each other, extend along a line with the baffle plate (22) of each glazing bar (23) in described extention (21), the tangent line (B) of each point (M) by this line forms acute angle (γ 3) with the baffle plate of intake section (1), and described acute angle (γ 3) in fact with the longitudinal axis that passes through described set point (M) (b3) of the longitudinal axis (a) of intake section (1) and described extention (21) between acute angle (α 3) equate.

20. one kind as claim 8, or 10, or 12 described devices, it is characterized in that bore a hole in the outlet position of the bottom (6) of decline (2) at least, and perforation can be closed periodically.

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