CN104839094B - A kind of true octopus larval culture method and apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of true octopus larval culture method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104839094B CN104839094B CN201510193939.9A CN201510193939A CN104839094B CN 104839094 B CN104839094 B CN 104839094B CN 201510193939 A CN201510193939 A CN 201510193939A CN 104839094 B CN104839094 B CN 104839094B
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- 241000238413 Octopus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012237 artificial material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000620877 Ruditapes philippinarum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238414 Octopus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000212346 Spermolepis Species 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029264 phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000062804 prey Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of true octopus larval culture method and breeding apparatus, on the basis of conventional true octopus offspring seed cultivation method, develop good and energetic healthy seedling using the screening of light abductive approach.The later stage in stage swim using temperature change stimulation raising metamorphosis and survival rate.Larval culture device meets true octopus young habit of living in caves and overcomes the young mutually residual again.Use the aperture of different size that can preferably meet true octopus children growth and development in addition.Device makes raw material can use the artificial materials such as PVC completely, simple for production, of low cost, corrosion-resistant, repeat and utilize, and do not influence water quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to true octopus seed breeding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of true octopus larval culture method and apparatus.
Background technology
True octopus (Octopus vulgaris) belongs to Mollusca, Cephalopoda, Dibranchia, Octopodida, octopus section, octopus
Belong to, is widely distributed in temperate zone and Tropical Ocean Area, is the important fishing species of siphonopods.True octopus delicious flavour, nutritive value is abundant,
Edible part is high, in addition to a large amount of protein, also abundant vitamin A.In China true octopus be mainly distributed on Guangdong, Guangxi,
Fujian, Along Zhejiang Coast marine site, marine cage culture are increased weight after three months up to can be 6-10 times.True octopus with its higher speed of growth and
The food organisms of low value cause the attention of raiser, become the Important Economic source of southern china part fisherman.In recent years, mistake
Degree fishing causes true octopus resource increasingly to decline with environmental degradation, and it is to become to break away from current be stranded to carry out true octopus artificial seed to breed research
One of the outlet in border.But it is always at present seed breeding difficult point in the high mortality of the attached bottom transition stage of the true octopus young；Cause
This, provides a kind of effective true octopus larval culture method and just has very important significance to true octopus scale seed breeding.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of true octopus larval culture method and breeding apparatus, to effectively improve the young at
Motility rate and growth rate, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
True octopus larval culture device disclosed in this invention, it is characterised in that device lower part is cuboid, and top is semicircle
Body；The duck eye of the duck eye lived in caves with the young on the long end face of device, a diameter of 1cm is cylinder, its dot of remaining duck eye is transversal
Face is closely conical.
Device lower part is cuboid, a length of 20cm, width 16cm, a height of 6cm.Device top is semicircular body, and radius is
10cm.Both ends have the duck eye that the young lives in caves, it is characterised in that above-mentioned 10 hole open end circular diameter of octopus nest is the small of 12cm 2
1, hole, open end circular diameter are the duck eye 7 of 3cm 1, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye 2 of 4cm 3.Other end duck eye number
Amount is 37, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye 1 of 8cm 4, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye 2 of 5cm 5, and open end circle is straight
Diameter is the duck eye 6 of 3.5cm 9, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye 8 of 2cm 7, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye of 1.5cm 6
7, open end circular diameter is the duck eye 13 of 1cm 8.The duck eye of a diameter of 1-1.5cm is cylinder, and closed end carries out arc
Processing.Remaining duck eye open end is circle, by the outer and interior circle to reduce successively, duck eye bottom level, perpendicular to open end
Justify and be right angled triangle by the cross section in the center of circle, closed end angle is 30 degree 9, and does arc process.
True octopus larval culture method disclosed in this invention, it is characterised in that parent to be produced is placed in hatchery hatching, the young
Hatch by light abductive approach screening health, the active true octopus young in 1d, and is put in larval culture pond and cultivates；It cultivates
When 15-20d, artificial nutrition bait is added；When adherent motion artifacts occurs in the young, reduces temperature and to launch larval culture special
Device.
The true octopus young is generally night hatching, and when the intensity of illumination 100-200Lux of second day workshop, just children is incubated according to true octopus
Weak phototaxis feature chooses the health of aggregation in groups using lantern water surface light abductive approach with the strainer of 2mm mesh
The true octopus young, and be put in larval culture pond and cultivate, density is 1000~1500/m3。
One layer of black sunshade net of culture pond top cover, light intensity are less than or equal to 500Lux.Night increases illumination 5h,
Larval culture water temperature is 21-25 DEG C, salinity 28-30 ‰, 4~7mg/L of dissolved oxygen.
True octopus larval culture bait is cultivated into seawater when 15-20d and is added based on artemia, the naked abdomen flea of Mongolia, Copepods
Amino acid nutrient substance promotes absorption of the true octopus young to nutriment.
When true octopus swims the cultivation later stage in stage with adherent motion artifacts, water temperature reduces 2-5 DEG C.
The attached bottom of the young, and delivery device, device is promoted to place 60% or so that density is culture pond bottom area.
True octopus larval culture method and apparatus advantage disclosed in this invention is：In conventional true octopus offspring seed cultivation method base
On plinth, the good and energetic healthy seedling of light abductive approach screening development, reduction seed rearing production cost are utilized.It swims rank
The section later stage stimulates true octopus young settlement and metamorphosis using temperature change, improves metamorphosis.The device that the present invention makes meets
The true octopus young lives in caves habit, and overcomes the problems, such as low survival rate caused by the young is mutually residual.In addition different size and contraction type are used
Design pattern can preferably meet the life characteristic in the cave that the true octopus young is selected with growth and development suitable for its own size.
It makes raw material can use the artificial materials such as PVC completely, simple for production, of low cost, corrosion-resistant, repeat and utilize, and not
Influence water quality.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 10 nose end schematic cross-sections of the true octopus larval culture device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is 37 nose end schematic cross-sections of the true octopus larval culture device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional cutaway view of the true octopus larval culture device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the stereogram of the true octopus larval culture device of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Peduncle is complete, trunk is full true octopus is selected in May, 2013 as parent, parent 45, wherein female individuals 25
Only.Parent weight is 249~1809g, average out to 697.7g, 41.2~88.4cm of overall length, average out to 57.35cm.Parent is placed in
18m3Cement pit in accelerating, before putting parent in a suitable place to breed, to storage pond, holding pond carry out strict sterilization.Parent octopus nest, quantity are placed in culture pond
It is 1.2 times of parent stock.It is 18.2~22.4 DEG C to cultivate water temperature, salinity 30~33, pH value 8.0~8.4, illumination 500~
800Lx, dissolved oxygen 5mg/L or more.Daily 9：00 changes water and clears up residual bait, day quantity of exchanged water be 200%~300%.Bait is with suede
Based on Mao Jinfang crabs, it is aided with Ruditapes philippinarum clam, daily 16:30 bait throwing in, feeding rate are 12%~16%.
It lays eggs after 30~45d of parents culture, true octopus ovum is in the botryoidalis hung by the feet, is suspended on the top or two side of octopus nest,
Fertilized eggs overall length is (2.4+0.2) mm, and width is (1.1+0.1) mm, a length of (4.7+0.2) mm of egg pedicle.Share 24 parent productions
Ovum, will oviposition parent move into culture pond in cultivates, 21.8~23.4 DEG C of hatchery water temperature, salinity 30~33, illumination 500~
750Lux.True octopus fertilized eggs cultivate hatching larvae through 28~33d shield ovum.
The young for choosing same parent is divided into three groups and is cultivated, and A groups are using ostreae testa pulverata as young device, and B groups are with Philippine
Japanese littleneck shell is device, C groups using the present invention as device, every group set three it is parallel.Each culture pond places the true octopus young 1500, cultivates
Density is 1200/m3, cultivate 21.8~24.2 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 30~33,4~7mg/L of dissolved oxygen.List is put up above culture pond
Layer sunshade net, cultivated workshop intensity of illumination are 300Lux.True octopus young initial stage seeks life of swimming, and open-mouthed bait is the wheel strengthened
Worm, artemia nauplii and Copepods add the naked abdomen flea of Mongolia and cultivate the adult ' Luchung ' insect of 7d after a week in bait.With the young
Wrist increases and body surface area increases, and the ability that true octopus absorbs nutriment by body surface also enhances, and adds in 15d culture ponds
Add amino acid nutriment, keeps young nutrition more comprehensively and abundant, promote the growth and development of the young.True octopus young 25d with
After there are adherent motion artifacts, culture pond water temperature reduces by 3 DEG C at this time, promotes the attached bottom of the young abnormal, and launch larval culture device,
Device places 60% or so that density is culture pond bottom area.Attached bottom after 35~40d young, true octopus larval culture bait behind attached bottom
Material is the shrimp young and Ruditapes philippinarum meat mincing.
Each experimental group survival rate is as shown in table 1.Preceding 10d survival rates are 85% or more, and 20d survival rates are about in 50%, 35d
The true octopus young starts attached bottom, and it is that 28%, C group young survival rates are that wherein A groups young survival rate, which is 30%, B groups young survival rate,
32%.The attached bottom process Juvenile mortality of the young is higher, and first trophic factor is the fierce fight caused by octopus nest, bait, field
It is one of the key factor of death.Using ostreae testa pulverata as device, the true octopus young is hidden between two ostreae testa pulveratas or in oyster A groups more
It on the surface of powder, preys on, creep, moving the harassing and wrecking that can cause other young and fight, the death rate is higher, and the 45d young survives
Rate is 9%.The true octopus young of B experimental groups is hidden in Ruditapes philippinarum shell, and because occurring more young phenomenons in a shell, part is beaten
Bucket causes the young dead, and 45d survival rates are 9%.Using the octopus nest designed as device, the true octopus young is primarily hidden in C experimental groups
In the aperture of a diameter of 1cm 8, avoids the young and prey on, creep, moving and harassed caused by other young, process of fighting is lighter
It is micro-；10d survival rates are 86%, and the true octopus young is hidden in the aperture of a diameter of 1cm 8 and 1.5cm 6；35d survival rates are
32%, the true octopus young is hidden in the aperture of a diameter of 2cm 7 and 3cm 1；45d survival rates are 32%, and the true octopus young is hidden
In a diameter of 3cm 1 and 3.5cm 9；90d survival rates are 10%, and the true octopus young is hidden in the small of a diameter of 4cm 3 and 5cm 5
In hole；With the growth of young overall length, the hiding quantity of the hole 2 being relatively large in diameter, the 4 true octopus young is more and more.
The influence of table 1, different device to true octopus young survival rate
Claims (5)
1. a kind of true octopus larval culture method, it is characterized in that：It is healthy, active by the screening of light abductive approach in hatching larvae 1d
The true octopus young；When cultivating 15-20d, artificial nutrition bait is added；When adherent motion artifacts occurs in the young, temperature is reduced simultaneously
It launches in true octopus larval culture device；
The true octopus larval culture device：Device lower part is cuboid, and top is semicircular body；There is the young on the long end face of device
The duck eye lived in caves；Parallelepiped body portion, a length of 20cm, width 16cm, a height of 6cm；Semicircle body portion, radius 10cm；Device two
The duck eye that there is the young to live in caves is held, wherein one end duck eye number is 10, and other end duck eye quantity is 37；
The 10 hole open end circular diameter of device is the duck eye (2) 1 of 12cm, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye (1) 7 of 3cm
A, open end circular diameter is the duck eye (3) 2 of 4cm；
The 37 hole open end circular diameter of device is that the duck eye 1 (4) of 8cm is a, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye (5) 2 of 5cm
A, open end circular diameter is the duck eye (9) 6 of 3.5cm, and open end circular diameter is the duck eye (7) 8 of 2cm, open end circular diameter
For the duck eye (6) 7 of 1.5cm, open end circular diameter is the duck eye (8) 13 of 1cm；
The duck eye of a diameter of 1-1.5cm is cylinder, and closed end carries out arc process；Remaining duck eye open end is circle, by outer
And the interior circle to reduce successively, duck eye bottom level are right angle trigonometry perpendicular to open end circle and by the cross section in the center of circle
Shape, closed end angle is 30 degree 9, and does arc process.
2. breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：As workshop intensity of illumination 100-200Lux, use is portable
Lamp water surface light abductive approach, the true octopus young of the health of aggregation in groups is chosen with the strainer of 2mm mesh, and is put in larval culture
It is cultivated in pond, cultivation density is 1000~1500/m3。
3. breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：It cultivates and adds aminophenol nutrient into seawater when 15-20d
Matter promotes absorption of the true octopus young to nutriment.
4. breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：True octopus swims the cultivation later stage in stage with adherent motion artifacts
When, water temperature reduces 2-5 DEG C.
5. breeding method as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：True octopus larval culture device is launched while reducing temperature,
Device places 60% that density is culture pond bottom area.
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