CN104839094A - Method and device for breeding octopus ocellatus larvae - Google Patents
Method and device for breeding octopus ocellatus larvae Download PDFInfo
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- CN104839094A CN104839094A CN201510193939.9A CN201510193939A CN104839094A CN 104839094 A CN104839094 A CN 104839094A CN 201510193939 A CN201510193939 A CN 201510193939A CN 104839094 A CN104839094 A CN 104839094A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 241000712522 Amphioctopus fangsiao Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000238413 Octopus Species 0.000 claims description 64
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000620877 Ruditapes philippinarum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029052 metamorphosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 244000062804 prey Species 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238414 Octopus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000212346 Spermolepis Species 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000225 lethality Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029264 phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001228 trophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention aims at providing a method and device for breeding octopus ocellatus larvae. On the basis of a conventional octopus ocellatus larva breeding method, a lamplight inducing method is used for screening the healthy larvae which are well developed and are high in vigor. In the later period of the planktonic stage, temperature change stimulation is adopted, and the transformation rate and the survival rate of the larvae are increased. The device for breeding the larvae can adapt to the burrow habit of the octopus ocellatus larvae and overcome the defect of cannibalism of the larvae. In addition, growth and development of the octopus ocellatus larvae can be well met with the adoption of hole diameters with different specifications. Manmade materials such as PVC can be completely adopted as the raw materials for manufacturing the device, manufacturing is simple and convenient, cost is low, corrosion is prevented, repeated use is achieved, and the water quality is not affected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to true octopus seed breeding technical field, be specifically related to a kind of true octopus larval culture method and apparatus.
Background technology
True octopus (Octopus vulgaris) belong to Mollusca, Cephalopoda, Dibranchia, Octopodida, octopus section, octopus belong to, be extensively distributed in temperate zone and Tropical Ocean Area, be siphonopods important fish for species.True octopus delicious flavour, rich in nutritive value, edible part is high, except a large amount of protein, also has abundant vitamin A.Mainly be distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Along Zhejiang Coast marine site at the true octopus of China, marine cage culture increase weight after three months reach can 6-10 doubly.True octopus causes the attention of raiser with the food organisms of its higher growth rate and low value, becomes the Important Economic source of southern china part fisherman.In recent years, overfishing and environmental deterioration cause true octopus resource day by day to decline, and carrying out true octopus artificial seed, to breed research be become one of outlet of breaking away from current predicament.But, be seed breeding difficult point in the high mortality of transition stage of the true octopus young attached end at present always; Therefore, a kind of effective true octopus larval culture method is provided just to have very important significance to true octopus scale seed breeding.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of true octopus larval culture method and breeding arrangement, thus effective raising larva survive ratio and growth rate, to make up the deficiencies in the prior art.
True octopus larval culture device disclosed in this invention, it is characterized in that device bottom is cuboid, top is semicircular body; Device long end face has the duck eye that the young lives in caves, diameter is the duck eye of 1cm is cylindrical, and its round dot cross section of all the other duck eyes is closely conical.
Device bottom is rectangle, and long is 20cm, and wide is 16cm, and height is 6cm.Device top is semicircle, and radius is 10cm.Two ends have the duck eye that the young lives in caves, and it is characterized in that above-mentioned openend, octopus nest 10 hole circular diameter is the duck eye 1 of 12cm 2, openend circular diameter is the duck eye 7 of 3cm 1, and openend circular diameter is the duck eye 2 of 4cm 3.Other end duck eye quantity is 37, openend circular diameter is the duck eye 1 of 8cm 4, openend circular diameter is the duck eye 2 of 5cm 5, openend circular diameter is the duck eye 6 of 3.5cm 9, openend circular diameter is the duck eye 8 of 2cm 7, openend circular diameter is the duck eye 7 of 1.5cm 6, and openend circular diameter is the duck eye 13 of 1cm 8.Diameter is the duck eye of 1-1.5cm is cylindrical, and closing end carries out arc process.All the other duck eye openends are circular, and by the outer and interior circle for reducing successively, duck eye bottom level, the cross section perpendicular to openend circle and through the center of circle is right angled triangle, and its closing end angle is 30 degree 9, and does arc process.
True octopus larval culture method disclosed in this invention, is characterized in that waiting that producing parent is placed in hatchery hatching, by the true octopus young that the screening of light abductive approach is healthy, active in hatching larvae 1d, and is put in larval culture pond and cultivates; When cultivating 15-20d, add artificial alimentation bait; Time adherent motion artifacts appears in the young, reduce temperature and throw in larval culture special purpose device.
The true octopus young is generally hatching at night, during the intensity of illumination 100-200Lux of second day workshop, according to the weak phototaxis feature of true octopus Newly hatchled, adopt lantern water surface light abductive approach, the true octopus young of gathering health is in groups chosen with the filter screen of 2mm mesh, and be put in larval culture pond and cultivate, density is 1000 ~ 1500/m
3.
Cultivate pond top cover one deck black sunshade net, light intensity is less than or equal to 500Lux.Increase illumination 5h night, larval culture water temperature is 21-25 DEG C, salinity 28-30 ‰, dissolved oxygen 4 ~ 7mg/L.
True octopus larval culture bait, based on halogen worm, Mongolian naked abdomen flea, copepoda, is cultivated and add amino acid nutrient material to seawater during 15-20d, promotes that the true octopus young is to the absorption of nutriment.
The true octopus stage of swimming cultivates the later stage when having adherent motion artifacts, and water temperature reduces 2-5 DEG C.
Promote the young attached end, and delivery device, it is cultivate pond bottom area about 60% that device places density.
True octopus larval culture method and apparatus advantage disclosed in this invention is: on routine true octopus offspring seed cultivation method basis, utilizes light abductive approach to screen and grows good and energetic healthy seedling, reduce seed rearing production cost.Later stage in stage employing variations in temperature of swimming stimulates true octopus young settlement and metamorphosis, improves metamorphosis.Namely the device that the present invention makes meets the true octopus young and to live in caves habit, overcomes again the mutually residual low survival rate problem caused of the young.In addition adopting different size and contractible type Design Mode, the true octopus young selects the cave of himself size suitable life characteristic with growing can being met preferably.It makes raw material can adopt the artificial materials such as PVC completely, simple for production, with low cost, corrosion-resistant, can reuse, and not affect water quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1for 10 nose end cross section signals of the present invention's true octopus larval culture device
figure;
fig. 2for 37 nose end cross section signals of the present invention's true octopus larval culture device
figure;
fig. 3for the perspective cross-sectional of the present invention's true octopus larval culture device
figure;
fig. 4for the solid of the present invention's true octopus larval culture device
figure.
Embodiment
Select peduncle is complete, trunk is full true octopus in May, 2013 as parent, parent 45, wherein female individuals 25.Parent body weight is 249 ~ 1809g, average out to 697.7g, total length 41.2 ~ 88.4cm, average out to 57.35cm.Parent is placed in 18m
3cement pit in accelerating, before putting parent in a suitable place to breed, strict sterilization is carried out to storage pond, holding pond.Cultivate in pond and place parent octopus nest, quantity is 1.2 times of parent stock.Cultivating water temperature is 18.2 ~ 22.4 DEG C, salinity 30 ~ 33, pH value 8.0 ~ 8.4, illumination 500 ~ 800Lx, more than dissolved oxygen 5mg/L.9:00 changed water and cleared up residual bait every day, day quantity of exchanged water be 200% ~ 300%.Bait, based on the nearly side crab of fine hair, is aided with Ruditapes philippinarum clam, 16:30 bait throwing in every day, and feeding rate is 12% ~ 16%.
Lay eggs after parents culture 30 ~ 45d, true octopus ovum, in the botryoidalis of hanging by the feet, is suspended on top or the two side of octopus nest, and fertilized egg total length is (2.4+0.2) mm, and width is (1.1+0.1) mm, and egg pedicle is long is (4.7+0.2) mm.Have 24 parents to lay eggs, parent of laying eggs moves into cultivate in pond and cultivates, hatchery water temperature 21.8 ~ 23.4 DEG C, salinity 30 ~ 33, illumination 500 ~ 750Lux.True octopus fertilized egg is protected ovum through 28 ~ 33d and is cultivated hatching larvae.
The young choosing same parent is divided into three groups and cultivates, and A group take ostreae testa pulverata as young device, and B group is with Ruditapes philippinarum shell for device, and C group take the present invention as device, often group establish three parallel.The true octopus young 1500 is placed in each cultivation pond, and cultivation density is 1200/m
3, cultivate water temperature 21.8 ~ 24.2 DEG C, salinity 30 ~ 33, dissolved oxygen 4 ~ 7mg/L.Cultivate above pond and put up individual layer sunshade net, cultivating workshop intensity of illumination is 300Lux.True octopus young initial stage, battalion swam life, and open-mouthed bait is the wheel animalcule of strengthening, artemia nauplii and copepoda, added the adult ' Luchung ' insect of Mongolian naked abdomen flea and cultivation 7d after one week in bait.Along with the growth of young wrist and corpus surface area increase, the ability that true octopus absorbs nutriment by body surface also strengthens, and 15d cultivates in pond and adds amino acid nutrient material, makes young nutrition more comprehensively with abundant, promotes growing of the young.There is adherent motion artifacts in true octopus young 25d, now cultivate pond water temperature and reduce by 3 DEG C later, and promote that the young attached end is abnormal, and throw in larval culture device, it is cultivate pond bottom area about 60% that device places density.The attached end after 35 ~ 40d young,, true octopus larval culture bait is the shrimp young and Ruditapes philippinarum meat mincing at attached the end.
Each experimental group survival rate
as table 1shown in.Front 10d survival rate is more than 85%, and 20d survival rate starts the attached end about 50%, the 35d true octopus young, and wherein A group larva survive ratio is 30%, B group larva survive ratio be 28%, C group larva survive ratio is 32%.The young attached end process Juvenile mortality is higher, and first trophic factor is, the fierceness fight caused because of octopus nest, bait, field is also one of key factor of death.A group take ostreae testa pulverata as device, and the true octopus young is hidden between two ostreae testa pulveratas or on the surface of ostreae testa pulverata more, preys on, creeps, harassing and wrecking that athletic meeting causes other young and fighting, and lethality is higher, and 45d larva survive ratio is 9%.The true octopus young of B experimental group is hidden in Ruditapes philippinarum shell, and because there are many young phenomenons in a shell, part is fought and caused the young dead, and 45d survival rate is 9%.C experimental group is with the octopus nest of design for device, and the true octopus young is mainly hidden in the aperture that diameter is 1cm 8, avoids that the young preys on, creeps, the harassing and wrecking caused other young of moving, and process of fighting is slighter; 10d survival rate is 86%, and the true octopus young is hidden in the aperture that diameter is 1cm 8 and 1.5cm 6; 35d survival rate is 32%, and the true octopus young is hidden in the aperture that diameter is 2cm 7 and 3cm 1; 45d survival rate is 32%, and it is 3cm 1 and 3.5cm 9 that the true octopus young is hidden in diameter; 90d survival rate is 10%, and the true octopus young is hidden in the aperture that diameter is 4cm 3 and 5cm 5; Along with young total length increases, the true octopus young of hole 2,4 that diameter is larger is hidden quantity and gets more and more.
table 1, different device is on the impact of true octopus larva survive ratio
Claims (9)
1. a true octopus larval culture device, it is characterized in that: device bottom is cuboid, top is semicircular body; Device long end face has the duck eye that the young lives in caves.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that: above-mentioned device is rectangle, and long is 20cm, and wide is 16cm, and height is 6cm.Device top is circular, and radius is 10cm.Device two ends have the duck eye that the young lives in caves, and wherein duck eye number in one end is 10, and other end duck eye quantity is 37.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned openend, device 10 hole circular diameter is the duck eye (2) 1 of 12cm, openend circular diameter is the duck eye (1) 7 of 3cm, and openend circular diameter is the duck eye (3) 2 of 4cm.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned openend, octopus nest 37 hole circular diameter is the duck eye 1 (4) of 8cm, openend circular diameter is the duck eye (5) 2 of 5cm, openend circular diameter is the duck eye (9) 6 of 3.5cm, openend circular diameter is the duck eye (7) 8 of 2cm, openend circular diameter is the duck eye (6) 7 of 1.5cm, and openend circular diameter is the duck eye (8) 13 of 1cm.
5. a true octopus larval culture method, is characterized in that: by light abductive approach screening health, the active true octopus young in hatching larvae 1d; When cultivating 15-20d, add artificial alimentation bait; Time adherent motion artifacts appears in the young, reduce temperature and throw in larval culture special purpose device.
6. breeding method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: as workshop intensity of illumination 100-200Lux, adopt lantern water surface light abductive approach, the true octopus young of gathering health is in groups chosen with the filter screen of 2mm mesh, and be put in larval culture pond and cultivate, cultivation density is 1000 ~ 1500/m
3.
7. breeding method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: cultivate and add amino acid nutrient material to seawater during 15-20d, promotes that the true octopus young is to the absorption of nutriment.
8. breeding method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: the true octopus stage of swimming cultivates the later stage when having adherent motion artifacts, and water temperature reduces 2-5 DEG C.
9. breeding method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: throw in true octopus larval culture special purpose device while reducing temperature, it is cultivate pond bottom area about 60% that device places density.
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Citations (9)
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JPH0272813A (en) * | 1988-09-07 | 1990-03-13 | Masao Shiotani | Man-made gathering-place for spiny lobster |
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Address after: 264003 No. 26 Yinhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai City, Shandong Province Patentee after: Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute Address before: 264003 No. 26 Yinhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai City, Shandong Province Patentee before: Yantai Institute of Aquatic Product |