CN104830375B - A kind of method and apparatus that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104830375B CN104830375B CN201510190636.1A CN201510190636A CN104830375B CN 104830375 B CN104830375 B CN 104830375B CN 201510190636 A CN201510190636 A CN 201510190636A CN 104830375 B CN104830375 B CN 104830375B
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- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 69
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KSSNXJHPEFVKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 KSSNXJHPEFVKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material.The invention further relates to a kind of device that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material, described device includes pretreatment unit, gasification gas making unit, high-temperature fuel gas dust removing units, high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery unit and the gas desulfurization unit being linked in sequence successively；Described device still further comprises high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery unit.Method and apparatus provided by the invention by fully reclaim residue after gasifying, the Multi-class propagation technology of high-temperature gas heat and two-stage gasification technology solve the problems, such as existing combustion gas technology of preparing high ash content this to refuse pyrolysis charcoal, low heat value raw material adaptability it is very poor, cost can be reduced simultaneously, energy utilization rate and system thermal efficiency are improved, and then realizes rubbish charcoal processing and further recycling on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to combustion-gas jet test field, and in particular to the apparatus and method that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material.
Background technology
With the propulsion of national Integration of Urban-rural Areas, the yield of municipal refuse increasingly increases, and the influence to environment is also got over
Hair is serious.Treatment of urban garbage is to mitigate municipal pollution, ensure life of urban resident, condition of work and health important and
Requisite measure.The purpose for the treatment of of urban garbage is minimizing to be reached, innoxious and recycling.Generally go through sorting (picking or
Technical equipment sorts), after recovery section resource, main processing method is landfill, compost, is burned and pyrolysis.Wherein, rubbish heat
Solution technology while minimizing is reached, can obtain fuel gas and a small amount of oil product produces Regenerated energy compared with other technologies
Source, reduce secondary pollution and reach making full use of for regenerated resources.
High yet with China's municipal refuse moisture content, component of refuse is complicated, fluctuation is big, and this characteristic causes pyrolysis
Product qualities are unstable afterwards, further using there is a problem, the especially Utilizing question of refuse pyrolysis charcoal.Found by studying
Content of ashes after the thermal decomposition of China rubbish in remaining solids it is very high (>50%), volatile content is low and uneven, impurity
Content is more, and market outlet is bad, it is difficult to further be utilized, most of refuse pyrolysis charcoals can only finally be used as pyrolysis residual
Slag carries out landfill disposal, not only occupies land resource, and cause the waste of the energy.Therefore, existing pyrolysis skill is only passed through
Art can not it is economical, sufficiently realize the effect that Changing Urban Garbage into Resources utilizes.If can utilize this refuse pyrolysis charcoal it is low into
Originally industry or domestic gas, are efficiently prepared, then can improve refuse pyrolysis recycling efficiency, the more conducively industry of refuse pyrolysis
Metaplasia is produced and promoted.
Existing combustion gas technology of preparing high ash content this to refuse pyrolysis charcoal, the adaptability of low heat value raw material are very poor, there is no phase
Close report.Even if being blended with coal, also need to transform device using existing gas-made technology, destroy original technical process,
Influence is caused on normal process operation；Simultaneously also poor in the presence of gas effect processed, blending amount is limited, it is impossible to realizes the big rule of rubbish charcoal
The problems such as mould processing, cost increase, energy utilization rate and thermal efficiency reduction.
Patent document CN 1385647A disclose a kind of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated, specifically a kind of life rubbish
Rubbish or after stove cracked charcoal quarrel implementation processing after recycle house refuse, charcoal quarrel gas maker.The patent is general
Boiler foundation on, implement transformation after, its top be provided with gas concentration unit, top side is provided with feed arrangement, bottom
For ash exhauster, as house refuse, charcoal quarrel gas maker, charcoal quarrel and house refuse after device processing can manufacture again
Raw burning gases are utilized, and realize that innoxious gas discharge and the solid given off are the minimum grey new devices of volume.
But due to being the device for implementing transformation in boiler foundation, the selection etc. of its treating capacity, gasifying agent is limited by existing equipment；
Its gas purification dust removal installation is not suitable for the purification requirement that high ash content rubbish charcoal prepares combustion gas, while fuel gas calorie does not return fully
Receive, cause energy loss；Not a large amount of sensible heats entrained fully in recovery ash content, cause energy utilization rate low, poor thermal efficiency
Problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of using refuse pyrolysis charcoal it is inexpensive, it is efficient prepare combustion gas method and
Device.The present invention solves by fully reclaiming residue after gasifying, the Multi-class propagation technology of high-temperature gas heat and two-stage gasification technology
Existing combustion gas technology of preparing high ash content this to refuse pyrolysis charcoal, the problem of adaptability of low heat value raw material is very poor, while can drop
Low cost, energy utilization rate and system thermal efficiency are improved, and then realize rubbish charcoal processing and further recycling on a large scale.
The invention provides a kind of method that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material.The rubbish charcoal is rubbish by conventional
The rubbish charcoal obtained after method pyrolysis.
Specifically, the described method comprises the following steps：
(I) rubbish charcoal is taken, successively after broken and screening pretreatment, particle of the particle diameter more than 6mm is obtained and is less than total amount 3%
Gasified raw material；
(II) gasified raw material is in the presence of gasifying agent, carries out one-level, two level pyrolytic gasification successively, produce high-temperature fuel gas and
Hot lime-ash；
Hot lime-ash carries out heat exchange with softening cold water, obtains water at low temperature；After lime-ash after heat exchange is further cooled to room temperature,
Produce cold lime-ash；
(III) high-temperature fuel gas is subjected to high-temperature dust removal, removes flying dust, produce the high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification；
(IV) high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification is carried out with air at room temperature, saturated vapor, high-temperature water and water at low temperature successively more
Level heat exchange, produces low temperature combustion gas；
After the high-temperature fuel gas of the primary purification carries out heat exchange with air at room temperature, high temperature air is also obtained, as step
(II) gasifying agent uses；
Meanwhile water at low temperature obtained by step (II) inversely participates in the multistage heat exchange, high-temperature water, saturated vapor are obtained successively
And superheated steam, the superheated steam use as step (II) described gasifying agent；
(V) low temperature combustion gas is cooled down, after desulfurizing and purifying, produces net combustion gas.
Step (II) high-temperature fuel gas of gained after two-stage pyrolytic gasification is gaseous state, and remaining lime-ash is solid-state, and high temperature fires
Gas is with lime-ash because property difference can natural separation.In the high-temperature fuel gas, tiny solid granular dust is mixed with, i.e., is not pyrolyzed
The flying dust of gasification is, it is necessary to remove from high-temperature fuel gas flying dust by step (III).
Methods described can also include recycling flying dust obtained by step (III), be specially：Flying dust is made again
Gas.
The temperature of step (II) described gasifying agent is 500~650 DEG C；The temperature of the one-level pyrolytic gasification is 800~900
DEG C, the temperature of two level pyrolytic gasification is 900~1100 DEG C.
As a kind of preferred scheme, the temperature of step (II) described gasifying agent is 600~650 DEG C；The one-level pyrolysis gas
The temperature of change is 850~860 DEG C, and the temperature of two level pyrolytic gasification is 980~1000 DEG C.
Step (IV) the multistage heat exchange is specially：By the high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification successively with air at room temperature, 150~
200 DEG C of saturated vapor, 100~200 DEG C of high-temperature water and 50~100 DEG C of water at low temperature carry out multistage heat exchange, obtain successively
Combustion gas, the combustion gas that temperature is 400~500 DEG C, the combustion gas that temperature is 250~300 DEG C and the temperature that temperature is 650~750 DEG C be
150~200 DEG C of low temperature combustion gas.Meanwhile the water at low temperature of 50~100 DEG C of step (II) gained, it is described inversely to participate in step (IV)
Multistage heat exchange, 100~200 DEG C of high-temperature water, 150~200 DEG C of saturated vapor and 500~650 DEG C of overheat are obtained successively
Steam, the superheated steam use as step (II) described gasifying agent.
Meanwhile the air of step (IV) described room temperature, carried out by the high-temperature fuel gas of the primary purification with 900~1100 DEG C
After heat exchange, 500~650 DEG C of air is also obtained, the pyrolytic gasification of step (II) can be used for as gasifying agent.
Step (V) the low temperature combustion gas cooling, to be cooled to 20~50 DEG C.
Present invention also offers a kind of device that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material, described device includes sequentially connecting successively
Pretreatment unit, gasification gas making unit, high-temperature fuel gas dust removing units, high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery unit and the gas desulfurization list connect
Member.
The pretreatment unit includes connected breaker and screening plant.The breaker is provided with entering for rubbish charcoal
Material mouth.
The gasification gas making unit includes gas unit processed.Connected one-level gasifier and two level are included in the gas unit processed
Gasifier；The one-level gasifier is connected with screening plant.
Described high-temperature fuel gas dust removing units include high-temperature dust removal unit, and are connected with the two level gasifier of gas unit processed.
High-temperature cyclone dust extractor is included in high-temperature dust removal unit, according to being actually needed for dedusting, the high-temperature cyclone dust extractor can be
One-level or the multistage of series connection, series is higher, and efficiency of dust collection is higher.In order to improve dust removing effects, in high-temperature dust removal unit, may be used also
With the other dust arresters, such as High Temperature Ceramic Filter of being connected after high-temperature cyclone dust extractor.
It is air preheater that the high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery unit includes being linked in sequence successively, superheated steam unit, full
With steam unit, economizer and nonaqueous dust cleaner.
The gas desulfurization unit includes desulfurizer, and the desulfurizer is provided with net gas outlet.
Raw material rubbish charcoal successively by breaker, screening plant, gas unit processed, high-temperature dust removal unit, air preheater,
Superheated steam unit, saturated vapor unit, economizer, indirect cooler and desulfurizer, you can obtain the combustion gas of cleaning.
In order to realize recycling for waste material, high-temperature dust removal unit can also pass through flying dust circulating line and gas unit phase processed
Even, so as to realize the circulation pyrolytic gasification to flying dust.
In order to improve energy utilization rate and system thermal efficiency, air preheater can also set air inlet, and pass through
Air gasification agent pipeline is connected with gas unit processed.The air of room temperature is passed through air preheater, after heat exchange, resulting heat
Air can be used as gasifying agent, be passed through gas unit processed.
In order to improve energy utilization rate and system thermal efficiency, described device can further include high-temperature ash waste heat and return
Unit is received, the high temperature recrement waste heat recovery unit may include lime-ash cooling unit.
The lime-ash cooling unit exports provided with cold lime-ash；Gas unit processed can also be cold by lime-ash cooling pipe and lime-ash
But unit is connected.After lime-ash cooling, take out, the sustainable utilization of waste material can be achieved.
The water inlet of softening cold water may further be provided in the lime-ash cooling unit, and by steam gasification agent pipeline,
Successively via economizer, saturated vapor unit and superheated steam unit, it is connected with gas unit processed.
The method of the present invention for preparing clean fuel gas, device provided by the invention can be used to realize.
The method of the invention can be more preferably：
(I) rubbish charcoal is taken, successively after breaker and screening plant pretreatment, it is few more than 6mm particle to obtain particle diameter
In the gasified raw material of total amount 1%；
(II) gasified raw material obtained by step (I) is passed through gas unit processed, is 850~860 DEG C through temperature in gas unit processed
One-level gasifier, is pyrolyzed in the presence of gasifying agent；Gained pyrolysis gas and remaining solid material are together passed through into temperature is
980~1000 DEG C of two level gasifier, fully gasifies in the presence of gasifying agent, produce 900~950 DEG C high-temperature fuel gas and
950 DEG C of lime-ash；
The lime-ash is passed through lime-ash cooling unit by lime-ash cooling pipe, and heat exchange is carried out with softening cold water therein；
After lime-ash is cooled to room temperature, take out, produce cold lime-ash, outward transport uses as building materials；
(III) high-temperature fuel gas obtained by step (II) is passed through high-temperature dust removal unit, by the one-level in high-temperature dust removal unit
Or multistage high-temperature cyclone dust extractor, flying dust is removed, produces the high-temperature fuel gas for the primary purification that temperature is 900~950 DEG C；
The flying dust is passed through gas unit processed by flying dust circulating line, carries out circulation pyrolytic gasification；
(IV) high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification obtained by step (III) is passed through air preheater, with the air at room temperature in it
Heat exchange is carried out, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 700~750 DEG C；Superheated steam unit is passed through again, with its interior 185~195 DEG C satisfies
Heat exchange is carried out with steam, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 450~500 DEG C；Saturated vapor unit is passed through again, with its interior 100 DEG C
High-temperature water carries out heat exchange, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 280~300 DEG C；Economizer is passed through again, with its interior 85~95 DEG C of low temperature
Water carries out heat exchange, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 150 DEG C；
Meanwhile the air of room temperature is passed through air preheater, after carrying out heat exchange with the high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification,
600~650 DEG C of air is obtained, gas unit processed is passed through by air gasification agent pipeline as gasifying agent；
Meanwhile softening cold water is passed through lime-ash cooling unit, by with after lime-ash heat exchange, obtaining temperature as 80~95 DEG C
Softened water；The softened water is warming up to 100 DEG C by economizer successively, steamed again through supersaturation by steam gasification agent pipeline
Vapour unit forms 185~195 DEG C of saturated vapors, forms 600~650 DEG C of superheated steam, the mistake through superheated steam unit again
Vapours is passed through gas unit processed as gasifying agent；
(V) combustion gas that temperature obtained by step (IV) is 150 DEG C is passed through indirect cooler, obtains the combustion that temperature is 25 DEG C
Gas；It is passed through desulfurizer again, after desulfurizing and purifying, produces the combustion gas of cleaning.
In actual production process, each step of the present invention is lasting progress.
The present invention realizes following excellent effect：(1) realize with refuse pyrolysis charcoal is extensive, low cost, clean and effective
The purpose of combustion gas is prepared, gasification does not produce the pollutant such as tar and phenol water；(2) a kind of high-temperature fuel gas heat is provided fully to return
The apparatus and method received and obtain high temperature gasification agent.Using air preheater, superheated steam unit, saturated vapor unit, province
On the one hand the Multi-stage heat-exchanging devices such as coal device have fully reclaimed high-temperature gas heat, improve system thermal efficiency, on the one hand by air and
Steam gasification agent is preheating to higher temperature, and the high ashy substance heat demand and reducing of can meeting to gasify consumes than oxygen and than coal consumption,
And then reduce combustion gas cost；(3) the grey quantity of slag after gasifying due to rubbish charcoal is larger, and temperature is higher, carries substantial amounts of sensible heat, directly
Cooling causes very big waste, and therefore, this patent provides a kind of apparatus and method of fully recovery high-temperature ash sensible heat.Using ash
Most of heat is passed to water at low temperature by slag cooler by way of indirect heat exchange, and heating water further goes preheating to produce overheat
Steam further increases the thermal efficiency of system and reduces combustion gas cost as gasifying agent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the described device of embodiment 6；Wherein, 1, breaker, 2, screening plant, 3, gas unit processed, 4,
High-temperature dust removal unit, 5, air preheater, 6, superheated steam unit, 7, saturated vapor unit, 8, economizer, 9, cooling indirectly
Device, 10, desulfurizer, 11, lime-ash cooling unit；A, flying dust circulating line, b, air gasification agent pipeline, c, lime-ash cooling tube
Road, d, steam gasification agent pipeline.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Combustion gas is prepared according to following steps：
(I) rubbish charcoal is taken, successively after broken and screening pretreatment, particle of the particle diameter more than 6mm is obtained and is less than total amount 1%
Gasified raw material；
(II) gasified raw material carries out one-level pyrolytic gasification under 600 DEG C of gasifying agent effect at 850 DEG C, then at 1000 DEG C
Two level pyrolytic gasification is carried out, produces high-temperature fuel gas and lime-ash；
Meanwhile gained lime-ash and softening cold water are subjected to heat exchange, after lime-ash is cooled to room temperature, produce cold lime-ash；
(III) high-temperature fuel gas is subjected to high-temperature dust removal, removes flying dust, produce the high temperature for the primary purification that temperature is 1000 DEG C
Combustion gas；
Meanwhile gained flying dust carries out circulation pyrolytic gasification as gasified raw material by step (II)；
(IV) high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification and air at room temperature are subjected to heat exchange, produce the combustion gas that temperature is 700 DEG C；Again
Saturated vapor with 175 DEG C carries out heat exchange, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 450 DEG C；The high-temperature water with 150 DEG C carries out hot friendship again
Change, produce the combustion gas that temperature is 280 DEG C；The water at low temperature with 80 DEG C carries out heat exchange again, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 180 DEG C；
After the high-temperature fuel gas of the primary purification carries out heat exchange with air at room temperature, 600 DEG C of air is also obtained, as step
Suddenly (II) described gasifying agent uses；
Meanwhile the water at low temperature that cold water and 80 DEG C of gained after lime-ash progress heat exchange will be softened, inversely participate in described in this step
Heat exchange, obtains 100 DEG C of high-temperature water, 175 DEG C of saturated vapors and 600 DEG C of superheated steam successively, and described 600 DEG C of overheat is steamed
Vapour uses as step (II) described gasifying agent；
(V) combustion gas that temperature is 180 DEG C is cooled to 30 DEG C, after desulfurizing and purifying, produces net combustion gas.
Embodiment 2
Combustion gas is prepared according to following steps：
(I) rubbish charcoal is taken, successively after broken and screening pretreatment, particle of the particle diameter more than 6mm is obtained and is less than total amount 2%
Gasified raw material；
(II) gasified raw material carries out one-level pyrolytic gasification, then enter at 900 DEG C under 500 DEG C of gasifying agent effect at 800 DEG C
Row two level pyrolytic gasification, produces high-temperature fuel gas and lime-ash；
Meanwhile gained lime-ash and softening cold water are subjected to heat exchange, after lime-ash is cooled to room temperature, produce cold lime-ash；
(III) high-temperature fuel gas is subjected to high-temperature dust removal, removes flying dust, produce the high temperature for the primary purification that temperature is 900 DEG C
Combustion gas；
Meanwhile gained flying dust carries out circulation pyrolytic gasification as gasified raw material by step (II)；
(IV) high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification and air at room temperature are subjected to heat exchange, produce the combustion gas that temperature is 650 DEG C；Again
Saturated vapor with 150 DEG C carries out heat exchange, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 400 DEG C；The high-temperature water with 100 DEG C carries out hot friendship again
Change, produce the combustion gas that temperature is 250 DEG C；The water at low temperature with 50 DEG C carries out heat exchange again, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 150 DEG C；
After the high-temperature fuel gas of the primary purification carries out heat exchange with air at room temperature, 500 DEG C of air is also obtained, as step
Suddenly (II) described gasifying agent uses；
The water at low temperature of cold water and 50 DEG C of gained after lime-ash progress heat exchange will be softened, inversely participate in heat friendship described in this step
Change, obtain 100 DEG C of high-temperature water, 150 DEG C of saturated vapors and 500 DEG C of superheated steam successively, described 500 DEG C of superheated steam is made
Used for step (II) gasifying agent；
(V) combustion gas that temperature is 150 DEG C is cooled to 20 DEG C, after desulfurizing and purifying, produces net combustion gas.
Embodiment 3
Combustion gas is prepared according to following steps：
(I) rubbish charcoal is taken, successively after broken and screening pretreatment, particle of the particle diameter more than 6mm is obtained and is less than total amount 3%
Gasified raw material；
(II) gasified raw material carries out one-level pyrolytic gasification under 650 DEG C of gasifying agent effect at 900 DEG C, then at 1100 DEG C
Two level pyrolytic gasification is carried out, produces high-temperature fuel gas and lime-ash；
Meanwhile gained lime-ash and softening cold water are subjected to heat exchange, after lime-ash is cooled to room temperature, produce cold lime-ash；
(III) high-temperature fuel gas is subjected to high-temperature dust removal, removes flying dust, produce the high temperature for the primary purification that temperature is 1100 DEG C
Combustion gas；
Meanwhile gained flying dust carries out circulation pyrolytic gasification as gasified raw material by step (II)；
(IV) high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification and air at room temperature are subjected to heat exchange, produce the combustion gas that temperature is 750 DEG C；Again
Saturated vapor with 200 DEG C carries out heat exchange, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 500 DEG C；The high-temperature water with 200 DEG C carries out hot friendship again
Change, produce the combustion gas that temperature is 300 DEG C；The water at low temperature with 100 DEG C carries out heat exchange again, produces the combustion gas that temperature is 200 DEG C；
After the high-temperature fuel gas of the primary purification carries out heat exchange with air at room temperature, 650 DEG C of air is also obtained, as step
Suddenly (II) described gasifying agent uses；
The water at low temperature of cold water and 100 DEG C of gained after lime-ash progress heat exchange will be softened, inversely participate in heat friendship described in this step
Change, obtain 200 DEG C of high-temperature water, 200 DEG C of saturated vapors and 650 DEG C of superheated steam successively, described 650 DEG C of superheated steam is made
Used for step (II) gasifying agent；
(V) combustion gas that temperature is 200 DEG C is cooled to 50 DEG C, after desulfurizing and purifying, produces net combustion gas.
Embodiment 4
The device (partly with reference to figure 1) of combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material, by breaker 1, screening plant 2, gas processed
Unit 3, high-temperature dust removal unit 4, air preheater 5, superheated steam unit 6, saturated vapor unit 7, indirectly economizer 8, cooling
Device 9 and desulfurizer 10 are linked in sequence form successively；
The breaker 1 is provided with rubbish charcoal charging aperture；
Comprising connected one-level gasifier and two level gasifier in the gas unit 3 processed, wherein, one-level gasifier and screening
Device 2 is connected, and two level gasifier is connected with high-temperature dust removal unit 4；
High-temperature cyclone dust extractor is included in the high-temperature dust removal unit 4；High-temperature dust removal unit 4 also passes through flying dust circulating line
A is connected with gas unit 3 processed；
The air preheater 5 is provided with air inlet；
The desulfurizer 10 is provided with net gas outlet.
Embodiment 5
The device (partly with reference to figure 1) of combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material, by breaker 1, screening plant 2, gas processed
Unit 3, high-temperature dust removal unit 4, air preheater 5, superheated steam unit 6, saturated vapor unit 7, indirectly economizer 8, cooling
Device 9 and desulfurizer 10 are linked in sequence form successively；The device is additionally provided with lime-ash cooling unit 11；
The breaker 1 is provided with rubbish charcoal charging aperture；
Comprising connected one-level gasifier and two level gasifier in the gas unit 3 processed, wherein, one-level gasifier and screening
Device 2 is connected, and two level gasifier is connected with high-temperature dust removal unit 4；Gas unit 3 processed is also cold by lime-ash cooling pipe c and lime-ash
But unit 11 is connected, and lime-ash cooling unit 11 exports provided with cold lime-ash；
High-temperature cyclone dust extractor is included in the high-temperature dust removal unit 4；High-temperature dust removal unit 4 also passes through flying dust circulating line
A is connected with gas unit 3 processed；
The air preheater 5 is provided with air inlet；Air preheater 5 also passes through air gasification agent pipeline b and gas processed
Unit 3 is connected；
The desulfurizer 10 is provided with net gas outlet.
Embodiment 6
The device (as shown in Figure 1) of combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material, by breaker 1, screening plant 2, gas list processed
Member 3, high-temperature dust removal unit 4, air preheater 5, superheated steam unit 6, saturated vapor unit 7, economizer 8, indirect cooler 9
It is linked in sequence and forms successively with desulfurizer 10；The device is additionally provided with lime-ash cooling unit 11；
The breaker 1 is provided with rubbish charcoal charging aperture；
Comprising connected one-level gasifier and two level gasifier in the gas unit 3 processed, wherein, one-level gasifier and screening
Device 2 is connected, and two level gasifier is connected with high-temperature dust removal unit 4；Gas unit 3 processed is also cold by lime-ash cooling pipe c and lime-ash
But unit 11 is connected, and lime-ash cooling unit 11 exports provided with cold lime-ash；
High-temperature cyclone dust extractor is included in the high-temperature dust removal unit 4；High-temperature dust removal unit 4 also passes through flying dust circulating line
A is connected with gas unit 3 processed；
The air preheater 5 is provided with air inlet；Air preheater 5 also passes through air gasification agent pipeline b and gas processed
Unit 3 is connected；
The desulfurizer 10 is provided with net gas outlet；
The lime-ash cooling unit 11 is provided with the water inlet of softening cold water；Lime-ash cooling unit 11 also passes through steam gasification agent
Pipeline d, it is connected successively via economizer 8, saturated vapor unit 7 and superheated steam unit 6 with gas unit 3 processed.
Embodiment 7
The device provided using embodiment 6 prepares combustion gas：
Rubbish charcoal (property is shown in Table 1) after pyrolysis, after breaker 1, the processing of screening plant 2,3~6mm of particle diameter, it is more than
The rubbish charcoal that 6mm particle is 1% is introduced into (600 DEG C) progress of one-level gasifier and a small amount of high temperature gasification agent of gas unit 3 processed
Then pyrolysis gas, solid product together enter two level gasifier and come from air preheater 5 and superheated steam high temperature pyrolysis (850 DEG C)
(600 DEG C) of the high temperature gasification agent of unit 6 fully gasify (980 DEG C), and caused high-temperature fuel gas (900 DEG C) is removed through high temperature successively
High-temperature cyclone dust extractor and High Temperature Ceramic Filter in dirt unit 4 remove flying dust, and the flying dust being collected into returns to gas unit 3 processed and followed
Ring gas, (950 DEG C) of lime-ash enter lime-ash cooling unit 11 and carry out heat recovery with softening cold water (20 DEG C) indirect heat exchange, make soft
Change temperature of cold water rises to 80 DEG C, lime-ash cools to 90 DEG C, then is further cooled to room temperature outward transport in ash silo and is used as building materials；Through
Lime-ash cooling unit 11 is warming up to that 85 DEG C of softened water is introduced into economizer 8 and 280 DEG C of combustion gas heat exchange is warming up to 100 DEG C, then
185 DEG C of saturated vapor is produced into saturated vapor unit 7 and 450 DEG C of combustion gas heat exchange and enters superheated steam unit 6 and 700 DEG C
High-temperature fuel gas heat exchange finally give 600 DEG C of superheated steams as gasifying agent entrance gas unit 3 processed；It is first to remove the combustion gas after flying dust
Being introduced into (20 DEG C) heat exchange of air preheater 5 and Cryogenic air makes air preheat enter gas unit processed as gasifying agent to 600 DEG C
3, combustion gas cooling after (700 DEG C) successively enter superheated steam unit 6, saturated vapor unit 7 and economizer 8 respectively with 185 DEG C
Saturated vapor, 100 DEG C of water, 85 DEG C of water carry out heat exchange recovery combustion gas after-heat, make fuel gas temperature be down to respectively 450 DEG C,
280 DEG C, 150 DEG C and into indirect cooler 9 be further cooled to 25 DEG C after enter the desulfurizing and purifying of desulfurizer 10 after obtain it is clean
Net combustion gas, exchangeability are shown in Table 2.
Table 1：The industry and elementary analysis of rubbish charcoal
Table 2：Exchangeability is analyzed
Embodiment 8
The device provided using embodiment 6 prepares combustion gas：
Rubbish charcoal (property is shown in Table 3) after pyrolysis, after breaker 1, the processing of screening plant 2, particle diameter 3-6mm, it is more than
The rubbish charcoal that 6mm particle is 1% is introduced into (650 DEG C) progress of one-level gasifier and a small amount of high temperature gasification agent of gas unit 3 processed
Then pyrolysis gas, solid product together enter two level gasifier and come from air preheater 5 and superheated steam high temperature pyrolysis (860 DEG C)
(650 DEG C) of the high temperature gasification agent of unit 6 fully gasify (1000 DEG C), and caused high-temperature fuel gas (950 DEG C) is successively through high temperature
High-temperature cyclone dust extractor and High Temperature Ceramic Filter in dust removing units 4 remove flying dust, and the flying dust being collected into returns to gas unit 3 processed
Cyclic Gas-making, (950 DEG C) of lime-ash enter lime-ash cooling unit 11 and carry out heat recovery with softening cold water (20 DEG C) indirect heat exchange, make
Soften temperature of cold water rises to 90 DEG C, lime-ash cools to 90 DEG C, then is further cooled to room temperature outward transport in ash silo and is used as building materials；
It is warming up to that 95 DEG C of softened water is introduced into economizer 8 and 300 DEG C of combustion gas heat exchange is warming up to 100 DEG C through lime-ash cooling unit 11,
The saturated vapor for entering back into 195 DEG C of saturated vapor unit 7 and 500 DEG C of combustion gas heat exchange generation enters superheated steam unit 6 and 750
DEG C high-temperature fuel gas heat exchange finally give 650 DEG C of superheated steams as gasifying agent entrance gas unit 3 processed；Remove the combustion gas after flying dust
Initially entering (20 DEG C) heat exchange of air preheater 5 and Cryogenic air makes air preheat enter gas list processed as gasifying agent to 650 DEG C
Member 3, combustion gas cooling after (750 DEG C) successively enter superheated steam unit 6, saturated vapor unit 7 and economizer 8 respectively with 195 DEG C
Saturated vapor, 100 DEG C of water, 95 DEG C of water carry out heat exchange recovery combustion gas after-heat, fuel gas temperature is down to 500 respectively
DEG C, 300 DEG C, 150 DEG C and into indirect cooler 9 be further cooled to 25 DEG C after enter the desulfurizing and purifying of desulfurizer 10 after obtain
Clean fuel gas, exchangeability are shown in Table 4.
Table 3：The industry and elementary analysis of rubbish charcoal
Table 4：Exchangeability is analyzed
| Component | CO2 | CO | CH4 | C2H4 | H2 | H2S | N2 |
| V.% | 14.7 | 18.83 | 2.3 | 0.57 | 10.33 | 0.16 | 52.91 |
Although above the present invention is made to retouch in detail with general explanation, embodiment and experiment
State, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, are belonged to claimed
Scope.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. method that combustion gas is prepared using rubbish charcoal as raw material, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：(I) rubbish charcoal is taken, successively after broken and screening pretreatment, obtains the gas that particle of the particle diameter more than 6mm is less than total amount 3% Change raw material；(II) gasified raw material is in the presence of gasifying agent, carries out one-level, two level pyrolytic gasification successively, produce high-temperature fuel gas and Hot lime-ash；The temperature of the gasifying agent is 500~650 DEG C；The temperature of the one-level pyrolytic gasification is 800~900 DEG C, two level heat The temperature of solution gasification is 900~1100 DEG C；The hot lime-ash carries out heat exchange with softening cold water, obtains 50~100 DEG C of water at low temperature；Lime-ash after heat exchange is further cold But to after room temperature, cold lime-ash is produced；(III) high-temperature fuel gas is subjected to high-temperature dust removal, removes flying dust, produce the high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification；(IV) by the high-temperature fuel gas of the primary purification successively with air at room temperature, 150~200 DEG C of saturated vapor, 100~200 DEG C high-temperature water and 50~100 DEG C of water at low temperature carry out multistage heat exchange, obtain combustion gas, temperature that temperature is 650~750 DEG C successively Spend the combustion gas for 400~500 DEG C, the combustion gas that temperature is 250~300 DEG C and low temperature combustion gas that temperature is 150~200 DEG C；It is described After the high-temperature fuel gas of primary purification carries out heat exchange with air at room temperature, high temperature air is also obtained, as step (II) gasification Agent uses；The water at low temperature of described 50~100 DEG C of step (II) inversely participates in step (IV) the multistage heat exchange, successively obtain 100~ 200 DEG C of high-temperature water, 150~200 DEG C of saturated vapor and 500~650 DEG C of superheated steam, the superheated steam is as step (II) gasifying agent uses；(V) the low temperature combustion gas is cooled down, after desulfurizing and purifying, produces net combustion gas.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that step (III) described flying dust is as gasified raw material, by step Suddenly (II) carries out circulation pyrolytic gasification.
- 3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that used device includes during preparing combustion gas The pretreatment unit that is linked in sequence successively, gasification gas making unit, high-temperature fuel gas dust removing units, high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery unit and Gas desulfurization unit；The pretreatment unit includes connected breaker (1) and screening plant (2)；The gasification gas making unit includes gas unit (3) processed；Connected one-level gasifier and two is included in the gas unit (3) processed Level gasifier, the one-level gasifier are connected with screening plant (2)；Described high-temperature fuel gas dust removing units include high-temperature dust removal unit (4), and with the two level gasifier phase of gas unit (3) processed Even；High-temperature dust removal unit (4) is also connected by flying dust circulating line (a) with gas unit (3) processed；The high-temperature dust removal unit (4) In include high-temperature cyclone dust extractor；The high-temperature fuel gas waste heat recovery unit include be linked in sequence successively air preheater (5), superheated steam unit (6), Saturated vapor unit (7) and economizer (8) and indirect cooler (9)；The gas desulfurization unit includes desulfurizer (10)Air preheater (5) is provided with air inlet；The air preheater (5) also passes through air gasification agent pipeline (b) and system Gas unit (3) is connected.
- 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that described device also includes high-temperature ash waste heat recovery unit；The high temperature recrement waste heat recovery unit includes lime-ash cooling unit (11)；The lime-ash cooling unit (11) is provided with cold ash Slag exports；Gas unit (3) processed is connected by lime-ash cooling pipe (c) with lime-ash cooling unit (11).
- 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that the lime-ash cooling unit (11) is provided with entering for softening cold water The mouth of a river；The lime-ash cooling unit (11) is also by steam gasification agent pipeline (d), successively via economizer (8), saturated vapor list First (7) and superheated steam unit (6), are connected with gas unit (3) processed.
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| CN102041101B (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2014-08-20 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Gasification method with gas waste heat utilization |
| CN101942344B (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2013-10-30 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method and device for gasifying multi-segment staged converted fluidized bed |
| CN203464261U (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2014-03-05 | 厦门中科城环新能源有限公司 | Fluidized-bed gasifying combustion boiler suitable for biomasses and dangerous solid wastes |
| CN104449872B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-08-10 | 余传林 | A kind of fine particle biomass or the gasifying process system of solid fossil fuel |
| CN204779495U (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-11-18 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Use device of rubbish charcoal as raw materials preparation gas |
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