CN104822558B - 行驶控制装置 - Google Patents

行驶控制装置 Download PDF

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CN104822558B
CN104822558B CN201380062242.7A CN201380062242A CN104822558B CN 104822558 B CN104822558 B CN 104822558B CN 201380062242 A CN201380062242 A CN 201380062242A CN 104822558 B CN104822558 B CN 104822558B
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vehicle
driving model
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accelerator open
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CN104822558A (zh
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天野贵士
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
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    • B60W30/143—Speed control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K31/00—Vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed, i.e. preventing speed from exceeding an arbitrarily established velocity or maintaining speed at a particular velocity, as selected by the vehicle operator
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    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Abstract

行驶控制装置(100)能够执行断续驾驶模式，该断续驾驶模式是使由车辆(1)的动力源(16)产生的旋转动力向驱动轮(WL)的传递和不传递交替反复，并使车辆在包括根据油门开度而确定的车速在内的规定的车速范围内行驶的模式。行驶控制装置具备控制单元(11)，该控制单元(11)在断续驾驶模式的执行中，以油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量为条件，开始用于判定是否继续断续驾驶模式的期间即判定期间，在根据在该判定期间取得的油门开度变化幅度而判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况下，设定在判定期间结束后用于使车辆的转矩追随驾驶员的油门操作的期间即油门追随期间。

Description

行驶控制装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制例如电动汽车、混合动力汽车等车辆的行驶的行驶控制装置的技术领域。
背景技术
在这种装置中，例如，通过利用惯性行驶来实现燃油经济性、电力利用率的提高。作为这种装置，例如，提出了以如下方式进行控制的装置：以使利用最高效率马达转矩对马达进行制驱动而使车辆行驶的第一期间和未对该马达进行制驱动而使车辆惰行的第二期间交替反复的方式呈脉冲状地对该马达进行制驱动(参照专利文献1)。
或者，提出了如下装置：通过驾驶员突然放开油门踏板的操作，释放离合器而切断动力，开始使车辆惰性行驶的控制模式，并且通过驾驶员所进行的用于加速或者减速的驾驶操作等来解除该控制模式(参照专利文献2)。
或者，提出了如下装置：当驾驶状态变为预先规定好的可惰行控制区域内时，释放离合器并且切断动力，开始使车辆惰性行驶的惰行控制，在惰行控制中油门开度变为油门放开判定值以下时，为了结束惰行控制而连接离合器，产生发动机制动(参考专利文献3)。
或者，提出了如下装置：当通过驾驶员的脚部离开油门的操作而从车辆的行驶状态进行减速时，基于该驾驶员的选择操作来任意控制包括减速度较小的惰性行驶在内的减速度(参照专利文献4)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2012-110089号公报
专利文献2：日本特开2002-227885号公报
专利文献3：日本特开2012-030710号公报
专利文献4：日本特开2007-069787号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
然而，根据上述的背景技术，利用油门开度的瞬间值来执行控制模式的切换。如此一来，存在有如下技术问题：存在因驾驶员所进行的油门操作的波动而导致无意地切换控制模式等、未执行适当的控制的可能性。
本发明鉴于例如上述问题点而完成，其课题在于提供一种能够抑制无意的控制模式的切换的行驶控制装置。
用于解决课题的手段
为了解决上述课题，本发明的行驶控制装置能够执行断续驾驶模式，该断续驾驶模式是使由车辆的动力源产生的旋转动力向驱动轮的传递和不传递交替反复，并使所述车辆在包括根据油门开度而确定的车速在内的规定的车速范围内行驶的模式，所述行驶控制装置具备控制单元，该控制单元在所述断续驾驶模式的执行中，以由所述车辆的驾驶员的油门操作引起的所述油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量为条件，开始用于判定是否继续所述断续驾驶模式的期间即判定期间，在根据在所述判定期间取得的所述变化量的积分值即油门开度变化幅度而判定为继续所述断续驾驶模式的情况下，设定在所述判定期间结束后用于使所述车辆的转矩追随所述驾驶员的油门操作的期间即油门追随期间。
根据本发明的行驶控制装置，该行驶控制装置构成为能够执行断续驾驶模式。该断续驾驶模式是使由车辆的动力源产生的旋转动力向驱动轮的传递和不传递交替反复，并使车辆在包括根据油门开度而确定的车速在内的规定的车速范围内行驶的模式。
在车辆中，作为“动力源”，例如，既可以仅具备行驶用马达(即，也可以是电动汽车)，也可以具备行驶用马达以及发动机(即，也可以是混合动力车)，还可以仅具备发动机。
关于“旋转动力的不传递”，在动力源是发动机的情况下，例如通过利用离合器等切断该发动机与传递机构之间的连接、或使该发动机的动作停止来实现即可。另外，在动力源是行驶用马达的情况下，例如通过停止向该行驶用马达供给电力来实现即可。
“规定的车速范围”设定为如下车速范围即可，即由旋转动力向驱动轮的传递和不传递交替反复所引起的与根据油门开度而确定的车速相对的车速的变化幅度不会给车辆的搭乘者带来违和感这样的车速范围。
例如具备存储器、处理器等而构成的控制单元在断续驾驶模式的执行中，以由车辆的驾驶员的油门操作引起的油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量为条件，开始用于判定是否继续断续驾驶模式的期间即判定期间。
本发明的“规定的变化量”是决定是否开始判定期间的值，其被设定为预先固定值、或者被设定为与某种物理量、参数相对应的可变值。关于该“规定的变化量”，根据经验或者实验、或者模拟而设定为如下的变化量即可，即例如在求得油门开度与车速之间的关系后，基于该求得的关系，与油门开度的变化量相对应的车速的变化幅度超过所述规定的车速范围的变化量。
控制单元还在根据在判定期间取得的油门开度的变化量的积分值即油门开度变化幅度而判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况下，设定在判定期间结束后用于使车辆的转矩追随驾驶员的油门操作的期间即油门追随期间。此外，油门开度变化幅度可以是判定期间内的至少一部分期间内的油门开度的变化量的积分值。
在此，根据本申请发明人的研究，明确了以下的事项。即，在油门开度稍微变化的情况下，若立即变更行驶模式，则有可能进行驾驶员无意的行驶模式的切换。而且，有可能无法充分地获得燃油经济性提高的效果。而且，在将行驶用马达用作为车辆的动力源的情况下，存在因行驶用马达的响应性好而在行驶模式变更时产生震动的可能性。
然而，在本发明中，利用控制单元，以油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量为条件来开始判定期间。因此，即使在油门开度稍微变化的情况下，也能够防止从断续驾驶模式立即向其他行驶模式切换。而且，由于是根据判定期间内的油门开度的变化量的积分值即油门开度变化幅度而非油门开度的瞬间的变化量来判定是否继续断续驾驶模式，因此能够适当地抑制驾驶员的无意的行驶模式的切换。
而且，在判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况下设定油门追随期间，因此能够进行与基于判定期间后的油门开度的速度对应的断续驾驶模式。
在本发明的行驶控制装置的一方式中，所述控制单元根据所述车辆的车速来变更所述油门开度追随期间。
根据该方式，能够进一步提高燃油经济性，在实际应用中是非常有利的。
本发明的作用以及其他获益通过下述说明的实施方式来明确。
附图说明
图1是表示实施方式的车辆的结构的框图。
图2是表示车速以及油门开度各自的时间变动的一例的图。
图3是表示车速以及油门开度各自的时间变动的其他例的图。
图4是表示实施方式的行驶控制处理的主要部分的流程图。
具体实施方式
基于附图说明本发明的行驶控制装置的实施方式。
首先，参照图1说明实施方式的车辆1的结构。图1是表示实施方式的车辆的结构的框图。此外，在图1中，与本发明无直接关联的构件适当省略了图示。
在图1中，车辆1构成为具备ECU(Electronic Control Unit：电子控制单元)11、制动器ECU12、蓄电池ECU13、蓄电池14、逆变器15、电动发电机16以及减速机构17。
作为本发明的“动力源”的一例的电动发电机16具备作为将供给的电力转换为机械式的动力的电动机的功能以及作为将输入的机械式的动力转换为电力的发电机的功能。从电动发电机16输出的旋转动力经由减速机构17向驱动轮WL传递。
逆变器15构成为能够将从蓄电池14供给的直流电力转换为交流电力并向电动发电机16供给。另外，逆变器15构成为能够将来自电动发电机16的交流电力(即再生电力)转换为直流电力并回收至蓄电池14。逆变器15进行的电力供给以及电力回收由ECU11控制。
蓄电池ECU13用于监视蓄电池14的例如温度、电压、充放电电流值等，并根据这些信息计算蓄电池14的蓄电状态(state-of-charge：SOC)以及充放电电力。蓄电池ECU13将表示蓄电池14的蓄电状态以及充放电电力的信号向ECU11发送。
搭载于如上所述那样构成的车辆1的行驶控制装置100构成为具备ECU11、油门传感器21以及车速传感器22。即，在本实施方式中，将实施车辆1的各种电子控制的ECU11的一部分功能用作行驶控制装置100的一部分。
作为行驶控制装置100的一部分的ECU11构成为能够执行断续驾驶模式。本实施方式中的断续驾驶模式通过使电动发电机16的驱动和停止交替反复并使车辆1在包括根据开始断续驾驶模式时的油门开度而确定的车速在内的规定的车速范围内行驶来实现。
在本实施方式中，特别的是，作为行驶控制装置100的一部分的ECU11在断续驾驶模式的执行中，以由车辆1的驾驶员的油门操作引起的油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量为条件，开始用于判定是否继续断续驾驶模式的期间即判定期间。
而且，ECU11在根据在上述判定期间内取得的油门开度的变化量的积分值即油门开度变化幅度而判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况下，设定在判定期间结束后用于使车辆1的转矩追随驾驶员的油门操作的期间即油门追随期间。
在此，参照图2以及图3更加具体地说明ECU11的动作。图2是表示车速以及油门开度各自的时间变动的一例的图。图3是表示车速以及油门开度各自的时间变动的其他例的图。此外，在图2以及图3中，到t1时刻为止执行断续驾驶模式。
在图2中，在t1时刻由车辆1的驾驶员的油门操作引起的油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量Δacc0，因此ECU11开始判定期间。此外，到t1时刻为止，油门开度的变化量处于规定的变化量Δacc0的范围内，因此维持断续驾驶模式。
ECU11根据判定期间(此处为从t1时刻至t2时刻)内的油门开度变化幅度来判定是否继续断续驾驶模式。在本实施方式中，说明判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况。
在判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况下，ECU11设定油门追随期间(此处为从t2时刻至t3时刻)。该油门追随期间的长度根据由车速传感器22检测到的车速进行变更。具体地说，油门追随期间设定成车速越快油门追随期间越长。
在油门追随期间内，ECU11以使车速变为与变化后的油门开度的绝对值acc1对应的车速V1的方式控制电动发电机16等。
在此，油门开度减小(参照图2下段)，由于在判定期间内车速转为上升(参照图2上段)，因此ECU11在判定期间结束后(即t2时刻之后)，例如通过停止电动发电机16，使车辆1惰性行驶(或者惯性行驶)而减小车速。然后，ECU11以使车速变为与油门开度的绝对值acc1对应的车速V1的方式控制电动发电机16等。
在油门追随期间结束后(此处为t3时刻之后)，ECU11以使车辆1在以车速V1为中心的从车速VL至车速VH的范围内行驶的方式执行断续驾驶模式。此时，只要油门开度的变化量为变化量Δacc01以下，ECU11就继续断续驾驶模式。
在图3中，判定期间中(图3中的t1时刻至t2时刻)车速减小，因此ECU11例如使电动发电机16不动作而使车速减小，以接近与变化后的油门开度的绝对值acc1对应的车速V1。
在本实施方式中，特别的是，在油门追随期间内通过惰性行驶而使车速减小。因此，能够实现低油耗行驶，在实际应用中非常有利。
参照图4的流程图说明如上述那样构成的行驶控制装置100所执行的行驶控制处理。该行驶控制处理主要在车辆1的行驶中执行。
在图4中，首先，ECU11判定车辆1是否为断续驾驶模式(步骤S101)。在判定为非断续驾驶模式的情况下(步骤S101：否)，返回且至经过规定期间为止处于待机状态。另一方面，在判定为是断续驾驶模式的情况下(步骤S101：是)，ECU11判定油门开度的变化量是否大于规定的变化量(步骤S102)。
在判定为油门开度的变化量为规定的变化量以下的情况下(步骤S102：否)，ECU11继续断续驾驶模式(步骤S106)。另一方面，在判定为油门开度的变化量大于规定的变化量的情况下(步骤S102：是)，ECU11开始判定期间，在该判定期间内取得油门开度变化幅度(步骤S103)。
接着，ECU11基于取得的油门开度变化幅度来判定是否继续断续驾驶模式(步骤S104)。在判定为继续断续驾驶模式的情况下(步骤S104：是)，ECU11设定与车速对应的油门追随期间(步骤S105)，并且选择继续断续驾驶模式(例如将断续驾驶模式标志维持在接通状态)(步骤S106)。
接着，ECU11结束判定期间(步骤S108)，在上述步骤S105的处理中设定的油门追随期间内，以成为与当前的油门开度对应的车速的方式控制电动发电机16等，在油门追随期间后执行断续驾驶模式(步骤S109)。
在步骤S104的处理中，在判定为不继续断续驾驶模式的情况下(步骤S104：否)，ECU11选择解除断续驾驶模式(例如使断续驾驶模式标志为断开状态)(步骤S107)。接着，ECU11结束判定期间(步骤S108)，执行断续驾驶模式的解除(步骤S109)。
在上述的实施方式中，作为一例，例举了仅将电动发电机16作为动力源的车辆1，但是本发明也能够适用于具备发动机以及马达作为动力源的混合动力车或具备发动机作为动力源的车辆。
此外，本实施方式的“ECU11”是本发明的“控制单元”的一例。
本发明并不局限于上述的实施方式，在不违反从权利要求书及说明书整体中领会的发明的主旨或者思想的范围内能够适当地变更，带有这样的变更的行驶控制装置也包含在本发明的技术范围内。
标号说明
1、车辆；11、ECU；16、电动发电机；21、油门传感器；22、车速传感器；100、行驶控制装置。

Claims (2)

1.一种行驶控制装置，能够执行断续驾驶模式，该断续驾驶模式是使由车辆的动力源产生的旋转动力向驱动轮的传递和不传递交替反复，并使所述车辆在包括根据油门开度而确定的车速在内的规定的车速范围内行驶的模式，所述行驶控制装置具备控制单元，所述行驶控制装置的特征在于，
该控制单元在所述断续驾驶模式的执行中，以由所述车辆的驾驶员的油门操作引起的所述油门开度的变化量超过了规定的变化量为条件，开始用于判定是否继续所述断续驾驶模式的期间即判定期间，在根据在所述判定期间取得的所述变化量的积分值即油门开度变化幅度而判定为继续所述断续驾驶模式的情况下，设定在所述判定期间结束后基于所述驾驶员的油门操作来变更与所述断续驾驶模式相关的规定速度的期间即油门追随期间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的行驶控制装置，其特征在于，
所述控制单元根据所述车辆的车速来变更所述油门追随期间。
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US10059337B2 (en) 2018-08-28
US20150291161A1 (en) 2015-10-15
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EP2927047A1 (en) 2015-10-07
WO2014083955A1 (ja) 2014-06-05

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