CN104770203A - Lucid ganoderma culture method - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104770203A CN104770203A CN201510113653.5A CN201510113653A CN104770203A CN 104770203 A CN104770203 A CN 104770203A CN 201510113653 A CN201510113653 A CN 201510113653A CN 104770203 A CN104770203 A CN 104770203A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lucid ganoderma culture method, and relates to a technology for applying mushroom tangs to lucid ganoderma culture. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that I, a mushroom tang soaked material and a culture raw material are mixed for stacking fermentation, so that breeding of beneficial microorganisms is promoted, microbial flora in the mixture is improved, and catalytic decomposition of a culture material is accelerated; II, the fermented culture material contains high-activity beneficial bacteria and active metabolite thereof, so that the growth of ganoderma lucidum is promoted, namely, great mycelium growth vigor and high infectious microbe resistance are realized; III, after first-stage lucid ganoderma is picked up, a good hypha strengthening effect is achieved by using mushroom tang leach liquor, the formation of lucid ganoderma primordia and the growth of sporocarp are promoted, and the biotransformation ratio of second-stage lucid ganoderma is high; IV, the resources of labor force, coal and the like are saved, the environmental pollution is lowered, and the low-carbon environmental protection concept is satisfied.
Description
Technical field
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method of the present invention, is the technology be applied to by mushroom tang in cultivation of glossy ganoderma, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma, also known as Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma, polyporus lucidus, is a kind of rare Chinese medicine in China's medical treasure-house, is collection health care and the medicinal edible mushroom for the whole body.
The traditional cultivation method of glossy ganoderma is cured material bag-cultured, and planting material is after high pressure or normal-pressure sterilization, and the contour molecular organic material of the cellulose now in material is degraded, and the miscellaneous bacteria in material is also killed, and therefore, when planting material sends out bacterium, mycelial growth is fast, and living contaminants is few.But along with the significantly rise of the price of labour power and fuel price, grog cultivation cost increases severely, and high-temperature sterilization also causes the loss of planting material nutriment, causes biological transformation ratio to reduce simultaneously.
Mushroom is famous and precious edible one of the medicinal fungus of holding concurrently in the world, and current China mushroom production accounts for 70% of world's mushroom gross yield, has the equal mushroom culture in the province of more than 70% in China.Because mushroom stems stiffness of foot in children, content of cellulose are higher, palatability is poor, and therefore, mushroom is being eaten raw or in process, the tang of mushroom can remove as offcuts by the producer, causes the mushroom tang accounting for mushroom weight about 30% to become discarded object.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention's mushroom tang soaks expects to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, and do not add insecticide, bactericide during windrow, the planting material after fermentation is directly taped against ridge-up bed cultivation, and the glossy ganoderma quality of producing is good, output is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, goes out sesame management, concrete operation step:
(1) prepare burden: corncob 44-52%, wood chip 26-34%, soya-bean cake 13-15%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation; After material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1.5-2cm is thick, enter out sesame management;
(3) go out sesame management: after the first damp glossy ganoderma is gathered, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml in sesame bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg, with rejuvenation mycelia comprehensively; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
Mushroom tang is applied to the method for cultivation of glossy ganoderma by the present invention, and apart from outside explanation, other operating procedure is all undertaken by this area routine techniques.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
1. mushroom tang leachate is full-natural nutritive liquid, containing glucide, amino acid, peptide class, nucleic acid and trace element, bio-hormone also containing abundant species, also the bioactivator do not leached in a large number is had in mushroom stems slag, soak with mushroom tang and expect to mix and stir to carry out banking up with culturing raw material to ferment, promote beneficial microbe breeding, improve the microorganism species in material, accelerate the catalytic decomposition of planting material;
2. the planting material after fermentation has high activity beneficial bacterium and active metabolite thereof, has Promotive effect, show as prosperous, the anti-miscellaneous bacteria ability of mycelium growth vigor strong to the growth of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium;
3. after the first damp glossy ganoderma is gathered, effective with mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, have facilitation to the formation of the former base of glossy ganoderma and the growth of fruit body, the second damp glossy ganoderma biological transformation ratio is high;
4. save the fuel needed for high-temperature sterilization, saved the energy, eliminate the drawback increasing CO2 emission in traditional Edible Fungi.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and what do not illustrate in detail in embodiment is all state of the art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, goes out sesame management, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 48%, wood chip 30%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1.5-2cm is thick, enter out sesame management;
6. go out sesame management: after having adopted the first damp glossy ganoderma, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.016g/ml in sesame bed, every square metre is sprayed 5kg; By mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, it is effective to go out sesame, and the biological efficiency of the second damp dry sesame reaches 6.7%, and total biological efficiency (dry sesame meter) reaches 13.8%.
Embodiment 2: a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, goes out sesame management, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 48%, wood chip 30%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes mushroom tang leachate uniformly in compound together with mushroom stems slag, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning number of times totally 3 times, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1.5-2cm is thick, enter out sesame management;
6. go out sesame management: after having adopted the first damp glossy ganoderma, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of the second damp dry sesame is 4.6%, and total biological efficiency (dry sesame meter) is 11.7%.
Embodiment 3: a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, goes out sesame management, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 48%, wood chip 30%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1.5-2cm is thick, enter out sesame management;
6. sesame management is gone out: after having adopted the first damp glossy ganoderma, the mushroom tang leachate of 0.016g/ml is sprayed in sesame bed, every square metre is sprayed 5kg, by mushroom tang leachate rejuvenation mycelia, go out sesame effective, the biological efficiency of the second damp dry sesame reaches 6.2%, and total biological efficiency (dry sesame meter) reaches 13.1%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, goes out sesame management, concrete operation step:
1. prepare burden: corncob 48%, wood chip 30%, soya-bean cake 14%, mushroom tang 3.5%, lime 3.5%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
2. mushroom tang soaks: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soaks 18h-24h at normal temperatures;
3. spice: first corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake siccative are mixed thoroughly, then admixes the leachate after removing slag uniformly in compound, fully mixes thoroughly;
4. ferment: stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
5. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keeps 24h, then carries out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3 times altogether, time remaining 5d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1.5-2cm is thick, enter out sesame management;
6. go out sesame management: after having adopted the first damp glossy ganoderma, the clear water of every square metre of sprinkling 5kg, the biological efficiency of the second damp dry sesame is 4.3%, and total biological efficiency (dry sesame meter) is 11.2%.
table one glossy ganoderma biological efficiency compares
As can be seen from Table I: the ferment effect utilizing mushroom tang leachate to add than single leachate together with the ferment effect that mushroom stems slag adds is good, and output is high; Leachate is good to the effect of rejuvenation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium, and the second damp glossy ganoderma biological efficiency is high, obvious effect of increasing production.
Claims (1)
1. a ganoderma lucidum cultivation method, comprises batching, ferments, makes the bed, sows, sends out bacterium, earthing, goes out sesame management, it is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: corncob 44-52%, wood chip 26-34%, soya-bean cake 13-15%, mushroom tang 3-4%, lime 3-4%, gypsum 1%, be all the quality of dry matter, proportioning sum is 100%; Described maize cob meal is broken into the particle of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described wood chip is the broad-leaved tree weed tree sawdust of particle diameter 3mm-5mm; Described mushroom tang is the offcuts in Lentnus edodes process, is ground into the particle of 2mm-3mm after drying;
(2) ferment: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by 20-30 weight ratio doubly, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, then leachate is admixed in corncob, wood chip, soya-bean cake compound together with mushroom stems slag uniformly, stockpile is become high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating often piled controls at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, on heap, insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm again, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation; After material temperature reaches 60 DEG C, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and turning every day later once, during first time turning, add lime, during second time turning, add gypsum, turning 3-4 time altogether, time remaining 5d-6d, when stopping fermentation, the water content of planting material is 63%-65%, the planting material fermented, after heat radiation, is directly made the bed, is sowed and send out bacterium, when mycelia covers with the bed of material, cover the loam that 1.5-2cm is thick, enter out sesame management;
(3) go out sesame management: after the first damp glossy ganoderma is gathered, spray the mushroom tang leachate of 0.01-0.02g/ml in sesame bed, every square metre is sprayed 4-6kg comprehensively; The preparation method of described leachate is: mushroom tang particle is added clear water by the weight ratio of 20 times, soak 18h-24h at normal temperatures, filter and remove residue, then complement to the original water yield, obtain the mushroom tang leachate that concentration is 0.05g/ml, add clear water dilution and use.
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 李艳莉等: "无公害高温双孢菇生产栽培技术规程", 《中国果菜》 * |
| 王婷等: "平地废菌料栽培高山灵芝技术研究", 《农业科技通讯》 * |
| 王谦等: "以香菇柄为主料固态发酵茯苓菌", 《食品科技》 * |
| 石流: "《家庭种植手册》", 31 December 1984 * |
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Application publication date: 20150715 |
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