CN104756696B - A kind of breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN104756696B CN104756696B CN201510129548.0A CN201510129548A CN104756696B CN 104756696 B CN104756696 B CN 104756696B CN 201510129548 A CN201510129548 A CN 201510129548A CN 104756696 B CN104756696 B CN 104756696B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant.Its method is：[1] elite seed of full seed is selected, it is determined that the salt tolerant scope of selected plant；[2] total salt content and selected plant salt tolerance range limit identical culture medium are prepared；[3] plant is planted in the culture medium of its salt tolerant range limit；[4] after planting at least 14 days, the development growth situation of seed is observed, dead seedling is removed in time and retains well-grown seedling, carry out salt tolerant domestication；[5] according to step（4）Method step up the total salt content of culture medium, with domestication obtain can in the high culture medium of higher total salt content normal growth new varieties.The inventive method can complete the screening of salt-enduring cultivars in short period of time, and not only cost is low, easy to operate, and improve breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of plant salt endurance, specially a kind of breeding method of salt-tolerant plant.
Background technology
The adverse effect of the excessively multipair plant of soluble organic fraction is referred to as salt damage in soil, and plant claims to the tolerance of salt damage
For salt tolerance.There is the problem of soil salinization in Chinese many areas.Perplexed by this, many crops, trees etc. can not normally give birth to
It is long, cause the waste in soil and very big loss.As industrial development, cultivated area reduce, salinization soil is important as one
Land reserved resources and be taken seriously.People attempt to wash, using modes such as chemical improvement agents by rational irrigation and drainage, fresh water
To transform salt-soda soil, but often take effect less because cost is big and be difficult to promote.Salt-enduring cultivars are cultivated by biotechnology to utilize, change
Good salty soils just becomes the focus of research.Although the plant variety simplicity for using conventional methods direct seed selection salt tolerant can
OK, but by optional shortage of resources limited, it is less efficient.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant.This method can be in short period of time
The screening of salt-enduring cultivars is completed, not only cost is low, easy to operate, and improves breeding efficiency.
The used for achieving the above object technical scheme of the present invention is：
A kind of breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant, its method and step are：
The elite seed of full seed is selected, it is determined that the salt tolerant scope of selected plant；
Prepare total salt content and selected plant salt tolerance range limit identical culture medium, the culture medium by sandy loam,
Coastal solonchak and inland solonchak are sufficiently mixed uniform soil and are formulated；
The plant is planted in the culture medium of its salt tolerant range limit；According to the total salt content of prepared culture medium, match somebody with somebody
The sodium chloride of same concentrations processed, the mixed solution of potassium chloride, and above-mentioned culture medium is poured with it, to keep the total salt of culture medium to contain
Amount maintains balance；
After plantation at least 14 days, the development growth situation of seed is observed, it is good to remove dead seedling reservation growth in time
Good seedling, culture medium is poured with the mixed solution of the sodium chloride of salt content raising 0.1 ‰, potassium chloride, makes culture medium soil
Full salt content increase improves 0.1 ‰, observes its upgrowth situation, during remove dead seedling in time and retain well-grown children
Seedling；Culture medium is poured with the mixed solution of the sodium chloride of salt content raising 0.1 ‰, potassium chloride again, makes containing for culture medium soil
Salt amount increases raising 0.1 ‰ again, observes its upgrowth situation, during remove dead seedling in time and retain well-grown children
Seedling；Aforesaid operations are constantly repeated, are contained on the premise of the salt tolerant limit of selected plant is not reaching to until by the total salt of culture medium
Amount improves 1 ‰, obtain can in the culture medium that total salt content improves 1 ‰ normal growth new varieties, when reaching selected plant
The salt tolerant limit, then terminate operation；
According to step（4）Method step up the total salt content of culture medium, being obtained with domestication can be in higher total salt
The new varieties of normal growth in the high culture medium of content；
It is above-mentioned in progress（4）, (5) step when, the criterion of the selected plant salt tolerance limit：When to reach some concentration complete
The plant is planted under the culture medium of salt content afterwards to occur:Seedling starts to turn to be yellow, and salting liquid is poured in stopping, pouring clear water, seedling energy
Growth back to normal, then pour the situation that salting liquid seedling turns yellow again, it becomes possible to the total salt content for judging the culture medium is exactly the plant
The salt tolerant limit of thing.
（4）With（5）New varieties in step can transplant seedlings to big Tanaka's hardening, plant experimentally the kind in different areas, so
Obtained result is just so that the salt tolerant scope of the plant expands.
Heretofore described sodium chloride, potassium chloride mixed solution in the molar concentration rate of sodium chloride and potassium chloride can be
1：1.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Culture medium is sufficiently mixed uniform soil by sandy loam, coastal solonchak and inland solonchak and is made.Such culture
The closer soil regime grown naturally of base, the survival rate of transplanting can be increased.The seedling so to grow out has been provided with
Certain salt resistance ability, that is, complete preliminary screening.Can roughing, the kind (strain) of superseded large quantities of not salt tolerants.
Culture medium is made of that have sandy loam, coastal solonchak and inland solonchak to be sufficiently mixed uniform soil.Seedling can be
Vertical growth in soil.The modes such as water planting effectively are avoided, the problem of seedling can not take root vertical growth.
(3) sodium chloride, the Klorvess Liquid for the seedling grown adapt to concentration respectively pour, and keep cultivating
Base total salt content it is constant.The total salt content for the culture medium manually prepared is not easy to keep, and during long-term experiment, only pours
The total salt content of clear water meeting diluted medium, the purpose of saline and alkaline domestication is not reached.Therefore, sodium chloride, the chlorine of respective concentration are poured
Change potassium solution to ensure that the total salt content of culture medium is constant, reach the purpose of saline and alkaline domestication.
Advantages of the present invention can be summarized as：(1) shorten and cultivate the time.(2) the kind more resistant to salt is cultivated.(3) plant is determined
The method of the judgement of the salt tolerant limit.
Embodiment
It is the specific embodiment of the inventive method in practice below, its process is as follows：
By taking the elm of Hebei as an example, superior in quality elm seed is selected（Fruits of elm）, consulting literatures simultaneously combine practical experience it is true
The salt tolerant limit for determining Hebei elm is total salt content 4 ‰, prepares the culture medium that total salt content is 4 ‰, culture medium is by sandy loam, edge
Sea salt soil and inland solonchak form according to uniform soil allotment is sufficiently mixed, and carry out salt tolerant domestication afterwards.Fruits of elm is sowed first
It is in 4 ‰ culture mediums to total salt content, prepares sodium chloride, potassium chloride mixed solution that salt content is 4 ‰, is cultivated with its pouring
Base, to keep the total salt content of culture medium to maintain balance.After 20 days, the development growth situation of seed is observed, is counted existing
Well-grown seedling on culture medium, sodium chloride, potassium chloride mixed solution that salt content is 4.1 ‰ are prepared, with 4.1 ‰ chlorination
Sodium, potassium chloride mixed solution pour the culture medium, and observe the development growth situation of seed simultaneously, and the training is determined after a period of time
The total salt content for supporting base reaches 4.1 ‰, during remove dead seedling in time and retain well-grown seedling；Press successively afterwards
Repeat the above steps to finally reach to improve the total salt content of culture medium according to 0.1 ‰ amplitudes of each raising and reach 5 ‰.Finally give
Hebei elm can be with normal growth in the culture medium of total salt content 5 ‰, and is not reaching to the salt tolerant limit of Hebei elm.It is above-mentioned
The molar concentration rate of sodium chloride and potassium chloride is 1 in each sodium chloride for using, potassium chloride mixed solution：1.
The salt tolerant scope of general plant is substantially in 2-5 ‰ at present, it is possible in advance, with sandy loam, coastal solonchak and
Inland solonchak is sufficiently mixed uniform soil and is made the total salt content culture medium 7-11 in the range of 2-5 ‰, each culture medium it is complete
The gradual uniform increments of salt content, salt tolerant breeding can be carried out simultaneously according to this method with simultaneous selection various plants afterwards, this sample prescription
Just used simultaneously for different plants.
By above-described embodiment it can be seen that：
Traditional is to the resistance to salt processing method of elm：Collect seed, be then seeded into slightly in the area of elm salt tolerant limit growth
Less than the area of the salt tolerant limit, if energy normal growth, is seeded into the higher area of total salt content again after seed collecting.If can not normally it give birth to
It is long, test failure, test material death.And use the method for the present invention substantially to shorten the time of breeding, it can at least shorten
A generation.And the seed of suitable different regions can be cultivated simultaneously, more targetedly, reduces the waste of land resource.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant, it is characterised in that method and step is：
The elite seed of full seed is selected, it is determined that the salt tolerant scope of selected plant；
Prepare total salt content and selected plant salt tolerance range limit identical culture medium, the culture medium by sandy loam, along sea salt
Soil and inland solonchak are sufficiently mixed uniform soil and are formulated；
The plant is planted in the culture medium of its salt tolerant range limit；According to the total salt content of prepared culture medium, prepare identical
The sodium chloride of concentration, the mixed solution of potassium chloride, and above-mentioned culture medium is poured with it, to keep the total salt content of culture medium to maintain
Balance；
After plantation at least 14 days, the development growth situation of seed is observed, dead seedling is removed in time and retains well-grown children
Seedling, culture medium is poured with the mixed solution of the sodium chloride of salt content raising 0.1 ‰, potassium chloride, makes the full saliferous of culture medium soil
Amount increase improves 0.1 ‰, observes its upgrowth situation, during remove dead seedling in time and retain well-grown seedling；Again
It is secondary to pour culture medium with the sodium chloride of salt content raising 0.1 ‰, the mixed solution of potassium chloride, make the salt content of culture medium soil again
Secondary increase improves 0.1 ‰, observes its upgrowth situation, during remove dead seedling in time and retain well-grown seedling；No
It is disconnected to repeat aforesaid operations, improved on the premise of the salt tolerant limit of selected plant is not reaching to until by the total salt content of culture medium
1 ‰, obtain can in the culture medium that total salt content improves 1 ‰ normal growth new varieties, when the salt tolerant pole for reaching selected plant
Limit, then terminate operation；
According to step（4）Method step up the total salt content of culture medium, being obtained with domestication can be in higher total salt content
The new varieties of normal growth in culture medium；
It is above-mentioned in progress（4）, (5) step when, the criterion of the selected plant salt tolerance limit：When containing reaching some concentration total salt
The plant is planted under the culture medium of amount afterwards to occur:Seedling starts to turn to be yellow, and salting liquid is poured in stopping, pouring clear water, and seedling can reply
Normal growth, then pour the situation that salting liquid seedling turns yellow again, it becomes possible to the total salt content for judging the culture medium is exactly the plant
The salt tolerant limit.
A kind of 2. breeding method for cultivating salt-tolerant plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sodium chloride, chlorine
Change the molar concentration rate 1 of sodium chloride and potassium chloride in the mixed solution of potassium：1.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105594445B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-07-31 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | A kind of greening method of strand hydraulic reclamation geavy salt alkali open ground low cost |
| CN105830929A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-10 | 北京大学深圳研究生院 | Salt-tolerant lemna minor culturing method |
| CN106818432B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2020-07-14 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Method for improving salt tolerance of medlar seedlings by utilizing matrix culture |
| CN107371680A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-24 | 南京中科水治理股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method for strengthening the domestication of Potamogeton pectinatus L salt resistance ability |
| CN109964753A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-05 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of method that shortcake melon salt tolerant breeding material quickly screens |
| CN111837779A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Ligustrum lucidum breeding method with high cadmium enrichment |
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| CN100420367C (en) * | 2005-02-06 | 2008-09-24 | 上海光兆植物速生技术有限公司 | Iteractive accumulation method for cultivating poplar saltresistance |
| JP2008061628A (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2008-03-21 | Institute Of Physical & Chemical Research | Method for creating salt-tolerant mutant line of rice |
| CN101189956A (en) * | 2006-11-23 | 2008-06-04 | 上海市农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for using tissue culture to separate salt-tolerant tomato |
| CN101869030B (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-11-21 | 天津师范大学 | Domestication method adopted for enhancing salt resistance of festuca arundinacea |
| CN102577798A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-18 | 河南省农业科学院 | Method for identifying salt tolerance of corn |
| CN102771303B (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-10-23 | 江苏海景园林发展有限公司 | Method for selecting and changing seeds of saline-alkali-resistant ditch millet lawn |
| CN103004610B (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-08-27 | 王昱蓉 | Method for high-salt screening of saline-alkali resistant rosa chinensis plant |
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