CN1047184A

CN1047184A - Excavator for transplanting nutritive cube

Info

Publication number: CN1047184A
Application number: CN 89102404
Authority: CN
Inventors: 葛玉明
Original assignee: POPULATION SERVICE OF AGRICULTURAL MECHAMIZATION TECHNOLOGY GAOYOU COUNTY
Current assignee: POPULATION SERVICE OF AGRICULTURAL MECHAMIZATION TECHNOLOGY GAOYOU COUNTY
Priority date: 1989-05-17
Filing date: 1989-05-17
Publication date: 1990-11-28
Also published as: CN1018143B

Abstract

Excavator for transplanting nutritive cube is the supporting tillage machinery of nutritive cube seedling-cultivation technique for crops such as cotton, tobacco, beets, can fast speed digs in the land for growing field crops and makes the spherical cavity of embarking on journey that is slightly larger than nutritive cube.It is made up of elevating mechanism, the detent mechanism beating the cave cylinder and be bound up on the cylinder on the frame, also can set up rotating mechanism.These mechanisms can be made of crank and connecting rod, and link rod one end and crank connect, and hold in addition and play the cave tube to connect, and during the wheel shaft rotation, play the cave tube and promptly insert soil, rotation, dial-out ground repeatedly and take an earth pillar out of.When inserting once more, earth pillar promptly " is flown " to go out outside the machine by pushing tow.

Description

Excavator for transplanting nutritive cube

The invention belongs to agricultural tillage machinery, relate to a kind of hole-making machine of nutritive cube field-transplanting, particularly a kind of by being installed in the hole-making machine that the cave tube is formed of beating that elevating mechanism on the frame, detent mechanism, transmission mechanism and they control.

In order to shorten the vegetative period of crops (as cotton, beet, tobacco etc.) in the land for growing field crops, raise the multiple-cropping index, " nutritive cube " transplanting method is extensively adopted in agricultural production, its agronomy process is: seed being broadcast into a cylindrical soil block earlier is germinating growth in " nutritive cube ", treat to dig out the pool, cave big Tanaka by certain distance again after seedling grows tall to a certain degree, have " nutritive cube " of seedling to insert in the cave this.This agricultural method is because output height, extensive use aborning.Nutritive cube generally adopts two kinds of ways when field-transplanting, and the one, trench digging will be with the seedling nutritive cube to place in the ditch earth backing; The 2nd, by certain spacing in the rows, line-spacing is made the spherical cavity that is slightly larger than nutritive cube with manual the digging of instruments such as spade, will be with the seedling nutritive cube to put into the cave, earth backing.Second method is used wider.But it is low to dig the cave work efficiency with this class instrument, and labour intensity is big, and spacing in the rows, line-spacing control are inaccurate.The farming season that crops are transplanted is very tight, is badly in need of a kind of high efficiency earth auger tool, but does not also have at present.

Task of the present invention provides a kind of mechanization hole-making device that uses with tractor, transplants spherical cavity so that make nutritive cube expeditiously, can control spacing in the rows, line-spacing exactly simultaneously, solves the needs that nutritive cube is transplanted.

Basic principle of the present invention is such: with a size with the required cave of digging, the rigid cylinder that the degree of depth is close inserts in the soil, rotated after arriving top depthkeeping degree, because inside, cylinder lower end has in the interior earth pillar of ridge incision tube, with the frictional force effect of cylinder inner wall under, the earth pillar in the tube is reversed together, separate with the tube subsoil, when carrying on the cylinder, the earth pillar in the circle also just is pulled out outside the cave.When cylinder was cut soil again, inner earth pillar was pressed against top, extrudes to a side opening under cylinder top scroll casing shape or the effect of swash plate shape soil guiding board, drops to the limit, cave.So go round and begin again, move in the cave of beating of finishing one by one.Be the upper and lower reciprocating motion that realizes beating the cave cylinder, connect an elevating mechanism above cylinder, control is played the cave tube and is made vertical lift, inserts soil repeatedly and extracts ground.For guarantee to beat the cave tube from begin to insert soil to rise to fully more than the ground during this period of time in, do not advance with tractor, being stabilized in dozen acupuncture point in the horizontal direction puts, making detent mechanism of connection on the tube of cave, this mechanism makes cylinder in lifting, making vertical equity with respect to frame moves back and forth: do setback when decline and insertion soil, speed is identical with the tractor pace; After rising and the built on stilts, do forward travel and arrive the origin-location, get ready for making next spherical cavity.Under the control of elevating mechanism, detent mechanism, beat the cave tube can constantly finish one by one play cave action.Under certain soil condition, beat that the cave tube does not rotate or tube in do not establish protrusion or do not establish soil guiding board, also can finish and play the cave action.Elevating mechanism and detent mechanism can adopt several different schemes:

One, these two mechanisms can use eccentric wheel apparatus.A level the axle two ends eccentric wheel respectively is housed, the eccentric wheel cover is played cave tube connection through connecting rod and bottom, after gears engaged on gear and the detent mechanism axle is arranged on the trunnion axis, driving an eccentric wheel rotates synchronously, detent mechanism is positioned at the rear portion of elevating mechanism, have the hinge joint of a connecting rod one end to put at the eccentric wheel of detent mechanism, other end hinge joint is being beaten on the tube of cave.The elevating mechanism eccentric wheel makes dozen cave tube make vertical displacement movement, and the detent mechanism eccentric wheel makes dozen cave tube make horizontal reciprocating movement.The movement angle of lifting eccentric wheel and positioning eccentric wheel is consistent.Under both actings in conjunction, play the cave tube and finish dozen cave action.The eccentric eccentric throw of lifting approximates the twice of beating acupoint depth.The eccentric throw of positioning eccentric wheel is half of spacing in the rows approximately.

Its two, the eccentric wheel in the such scheme is changed to crank, its throw of crankshaft equals eccentric eccentric throw.

Its three, elevating mechanism is a crank, detent mechanism is a cam gear.

Consider from transaction capabilities, should adopt cam mechanism; From simple and reliable consideration, then should adopt crank mechanism.Because because of the fluctuation on the uneven generation speed in ground, for offsetting this velocity perturbation, connecting rod should be made the elastic construction that can stretch in the longitudinal direction when tractor was walked in the farmland.

Can also adopt other forms of lifting, detent mechanism, but both must be synchronous with the tractor pace.Therefore, a transmission mechanism is set, with the transmission of power of tractor engine to lifting, location two mechanisms.This transmission mechanism should adopt fricton-tight transmissions such as chain, gear, should not adopt modes such as belt pulley.Like this, tractor pace speed no matter is played the cave tube and all can be got spherical cavity one by one by fixing spacing in the rows.Two or more cave tubes of beating can be set under the frame, and the distance between them is exactly the line-spacing of spherical cavity.Several cave tubes of beating can be by same set of lifting, detent mechanism control; Also lifting, detent mechanism can be set respectively, for example alternating movement can lighten the load and reduces vibration.

For finishing the spinning movement of playing the cave tube, a rotating mechanism can be set, it is bound up on beats on the tube of cave, makes to play the cave tube and rotates around axis own: can equidirectional continuous rotation, also can be suitable in certain angle, against coming back rotation.Rotating mechanism can be and barrel meshed gears, tooth bar, it also can be a cross bar, one end is fixed on the barrel, the other end and a rigidity push rod connect, when playing the cave tube and under the detent mechanism effect, seesaw, because cross bar one end pind down by push rod, make and beat that the cave tube is just taking place, counterclockwise reciprocal rotation.

Beating the ridge in the tube of cave, can be the some spike projections that are fixed on inwall, also can be the vertical lobe along cylinder axis direction.General better with a pair of lobe effect that is fixed on the lower end inwall, be easy to cut soil and drive the earth pillar rotation.

Hole-making machine provided by the invention has satisfied machinery with foolproof structure and has made the requirement that nutritive cube is transplanted spherical cavity.It can make spherical cavity with higher speed.With every mu of plantation 3500 strain cottons is example: receipts are held up the small-sized bitubular (duplicate rows) hole-making machine of tractor, per hour can finish 4 mu of-5 mu of farm works, and work efficiency is 40 times of handwork.Machinery is beaten the cave and can be controlled spacing in the rows, line-spacing more exactly, in the future field management provides good condition.The present invention is the nutritive cube transplanting work of anxiety in farming season, and comparatively ideal special-purpose machinery is provided.

Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.

Fig. 1 is an example structure schematic diagram with walking tractor matching.Hole-making machine is in job state among the figure;

Fig. 2 is for beating cave tube structural map;

Fig. 3 hole-making machine vertical view.The clutch handle watt backup flywheel of will having stopped among the figure, the engagement cover separates with gear, and hole-making machine stops.

With reference to accompanying drawing, the rear portion of hand tractor [1] is equipped with colter gearbox body [27], gear [28] arrives the transmission of power of tractor [1] on the main shaft [1], flywheel [3] is equipped with at main shaft [1] two ends, drive sprocket [4] is equipped with in flywheel inboard, the left side, crankshaft bearing [5] on the flywheel [3] with beat cave tube framework [6] and connect, its lower end is to play cave tube [7].Vertical shaft has a thread on [24], and available nut is tightened, and come off from the sleeve pipe of beating cave tube framework [6] to prevent dozen cave tube [7], but vertical shaft [24] must be able to rotate.Support [25] welds vertical shaft [24] and cylindrical shell [22].Double wedge [21] is welded on cylindrical shell [22] lower end, and [23] are spiral cases.Cross bar [26] and support [25] welding, its outer end is porose, available pin and push rod [10] hinge joint (push rod also can directly link on frame), the other end of push rod [10] and support [35] hinge joint, connecting rod [9] is telescopic even part, has two springs [8] to cushion and beat inertia force and its track of correction that cave tube [7] produces in horizontal movement.Driven sprocket [12] is installed in the frame below, rotates synchronously under the driving of chain [13], and crankwheel [11] and driven sprocket [12] are assemblied on the axle.During main shaft [2] rotation, play cave tube [7] and promptly do elevating movement, simultaneously, crankwheel [11] also rotates synchronously, by connecting rod [9] dozen cave tube [7] is moved horizontally.Since push rod [10] be rigidity and with cross bar [26] hinge joint, when playing cave tube [7] when moving horizontally, will make dozen cave tube [7] do twist motion.

Tail wheel [17] is equipped with at the rear portion of frame [34], rotates to regulate and can regulate the height of tail wheel [17] to [18] to obtain the different acupoint depths of beating.Seat is on seat [19] during operator work.

Behind the engine start, handle [14] is pulled back, stop watt [15] with separate push rod [32] will and flywheel [3] separately, under extension spring [31] effect, shift fork [30] will mesh cover [29] and push gear [28] to and be engaged with, main shaft [2] rotates immediately.During shutdown; handle [14] pushes away forward; separate push rod [32] and stop watt near flywheel [3]; under the promotion that separates skewback [33]; separate push rod [32] and promote to the right, thereby engagement cover [29] is separated with gear [28], stop watt [15] are slowed down flywheel [3] and are formulated; the setting angle that separates skewback [33] should guarantee to beat cave tube [7] and stop on the extreme higher position, to play the effect that car combines with the lifting of playing cave tube [7].

There is thread at the two ends of nutted rod [16], can regulate from the degree of tightness of chain [13].[20] are strut among the figure.

Claims

1, a kind of excavator for transplanting nutritive cube, by the tractor traction and by tractor engine and actuator drives, its feature is provided with some cylindrical shape rigidity and plays the cave tube on frame, be linked with elevating mechanism and detent mechanism on the tube, transmission mechanism between the two mechanism kinematic speed unanimities, they and tractor engine is fricton-tight transmission mechanism.

2,, it is characterized in that one of the following scheme that constitutes of elevating mechanism and detent mechanism by the hole-making machine of claim 1 decision:

A, two pairs of eccentric wheels and eccentric wheel cover through connecting rod with play cave tube connection, constitute lifting and detent mechanism respectively, the eccentric axle horizontal setting of two mechanisms is synchronized with the movement.

B, two pairs of cranks and connecting rod constitute lifting and detent mechanism respectively.

C, elevating mechanism are made of crank, connecting rod, and detent mechanism is made of cam gear.

3, by the hole-making machine of claim 1 or 2 decisions, it is characterized in that on frame, also being provided with dozen cave tube rotating mechanism.

4, by the hole-making machine of claim 3 decision, it is characterized in that rotating mechanism is fixed on cross bar and a rigidity push rod of beating cave tube (or its a support) side by one and connects formation, the rigidity push rod other end directly or indirectly is twisted together on frame.

5, by the hole-making machine of claim 1 or 2 or 4 decisions, it is characterized in that beating cave tube inwall and be provided with one or more projections, beat tube top, cave and be provided with soil guiding board.

6, by the hole-making machine of claim 3 decision, it is characterized in that beating angle, cave inwall and be provided with one or more projection, beat tube top, cave and be provided with soil guiding board.

7, by the hole-making machine of claim 5 decision, it is characterized in that said projection is to be fixed on vertical lobe of beating on the inwall of tube lower end, cave, said soil guiding board is a scroll casing shape.

8, by the hole-making machine of claim 6 decision, it is characterized in that said projection is to be fixed on vertical lobe of beating on the inwall of tube lower end, cave, said soil guiding board is a scroll casing shape.