CN104705044A - Sugarcane and eggplant interplanting high-yield planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sugarcane and eggplant interplanting high-yield planting method, and relates to the technical field of crop planting. The method mainly includes the first step of variety selection, the second step of soil preparation and fertilization, the third step of seed soaking and pregermination, the fourth step of sowing at proper time, the fifth step of management in the seedling stage, the sixth step of eggplant grafting, the seventh step of eggplant field plantation, the eight step of field management, the ninth step of disease and pest control, and the tenth step of harvesting and storage. Planting of sugarcanes and eggplants is achieved through the sugarcane and eggplant interplanting mode, efficient utilization of light, heat, water and fertilizer resources is achieved, economic benefits are improved, developed root systems of the eggplants can loosen soil, improve physical and chemical properties of the soil and facilitate growth of the sugarcanes, besides, by means of grafting and seedling modes of the eggplants, soil is fundamentally prevented from spreading diseases, and use amount of pesticide and residue amount of the pesticide are reduced.

Description

A kind of high-yield planting method of sugarcane interplanting eggplant

Technical field:

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, be specifically related to the high-yield planting method of a kind of sugarcane interplanting eggplant.

Background technology:

Sugarcane, perennial tall and big solid draft, root strengthens stem slightly, is the raw material manufacturing sucrose.Not only containing abundant sugar, moisture in sugarcane, also containing the material such as various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron be highly profitable to human metabolism.The sugarcane production phase is long, is approximately 7 to 9 months.

Eggplant, another name " eggplant ", be one of purple vegetables few in number, be also homely vegetables very common on dining table, belong to Solanaceae Solanum annual herb plant, the torrid zone is perennial.Its edible fruit use born, color mostly is purple or atropurpureus, also has light green or candida species, also has circle in shape, and oval, pyriform etc. are various.Containing Cobastab inside aubergine pigment, Cobastab and vitamin C are a pair good partners, and need the support of Cobastab in ascorbic metabolic process, belt leather is eaten eggplant and helped lend some impetus to ascorbic absorption.

Interplanting is the planting patterns of a kind of intensive utilization time, and the interplanting of tall and big crop and short and small crop can make time, spatial framework reasonably combined, realizes the efficiency utilization of light, heat, water, fertile resource, improves output.And eggplant well developed root system, deeply can reach more than 1m, main the distribution of root system at 30-33 centimetre of dark soil layer, can chesson, improve the physicochemical character of soil, be conducive to the growth of corn.

Summary of the invention:

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of sugarcane reasonable in design, high financial profit to interplant the high-yield planting method of eggplant.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A high-yield planting method for sugarcane interplanting eggplant, takes two row every the planting patterns of two row, comprises the following steps:

(1) Fruit variety: the Eggplant Varieties selecting good quality and high output, Resistant, drought resistance, sugar cane breed resistant to lodging and good quality and high output, Resistant, strong stress resistance, wet-heat resisting;

(2) site preparation and fertilization: select to irrigate loam or sandy loam easily, first with ploughing basal dressing before sowing, ploughing depth is 15-20cm, execute the farmyard manure 2000-2500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, soya-bean cake 45-50kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40kg and zinc sulphate 1-1.5kg for every mu, then grade, furrow are done, furrow width 35-40cm, ditch depth 25-30cm by the wide 2-2.5m of furrow;

(3) presoaking and germinating: divest the old leaf sheath in sugarcane kind, 2-3 tooth one section is chopped to after airing 1-2 days under the low light level, first put into flowing clear water soak seed 2-3 days, stagnant water seed soaking 1 day, use 50% benomyl, 1000 times of immersion kind 10-15min again, subsequently with the packed good sealing of snakeskin, vernalization at being placed in 25-27 DEG C;

First seed is put airing 2-3h in the sun before eggplant sowing, use soaked in cold water 3-4h again, then 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 25-30min are used, put into formalin 300 times of liquid after cold water cooling to soak seed 15-20min, put into clean wet gauze subsequently, be placed in vernalization under 25-30 DEG C of condition, sooner or later eluriate 1-2 time, when sowing after 80% seed germination with clear water;

(4) begin sowing in good time: sugarcane sowing is in mid or late Febuary, line-spacing is 80-90cm, after planting cover the fine earth that 5-8cm is thick, 1000 times of liquid that after blinding, every mu of use 40% atrazine 200-250g adds Acetochlor 50ml spray native face, finally cover mulch film and straw screen or mat;

Eggplant every mu sowing 60-70g, first waters vola water by soil before sowing, then seed and fine earth is mixed thoroughly and to be evenly sprinkling upon on soil afterwards, and on seed, be covered with the thick fine earth of one deck 1-1.5cm, most bonnet mulch film;

(5) seedling management: throw off mulch film in time after sugarcane seedling all sprouts, when most of seedling grows 2-3 sheet true leaf, look into seedling in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, fill the gaps with seedlings and should carry out when overcast and rainy or ground moistening, water sufficient normal root water after filling the gaps with seedlings, start when seedling grows 4 true leaves to topdress for the first time, every mu imposes the farmyard manure 100-150kg and nitrogenous fertilizer 15-20kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, imposed once every 7-10 days later, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times of liquid can be sprayed to thin and delicate seedling;

Eggplant after planting maintain seedbed day temperature 25-30 DEG C, night is at 15-20 DEG C, after emerging day temperature 20-25 DEG C, night is at 10-15 DEG C, after the 1st true leaf launches, every mu imposes an ammonium sulfate 15-20kg or urea 5-10kg, optimum period, divides seedling, suitably to leak informaton hardening, prevent excessive growth, find that disease worm seedling is pulled out in time;

(6) Grafted Eggplant: stock selects Solanum Torvum or wild eggplant No. 2, Solanum Torvum shifts to an earlier date sowing in 20-30 days than scion, grafting is carried out when Lu Bamu stock launches 3-4 sheet true leaf, scion expansion 2-3 sheet true leaf, add button Small plastic shed after grafting to shade, holding temperature 25-28 DEG C on daytime, night, 16-18 DEG C, and sprayed a 75% tpn wetting powder 500 times of liquid, saw light gradually after 4 days;

(7) eggplant field planting: get final product field planting as plant height 20-25cm, the field planting degree of depth is advisable so that soil table is concordant with cotyledonary node, takes duplicate rows field planting, line-spacing 50-60cm, spacing in the rows 40-45cm, and waters sufficient normal root fertilizer and normal root water;

(8) field management: when sugarcane production is to 50-100cm, every mu imposes Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100-150kg, urea 20-25kg and potash fertilizer 15-20kg, and simultaneously every mu applies Furadan 5-8kg, ridging of will watering after topdressing, and Feng Hanghou should uproot weeds in time;

Combine to topdress after eggplant field planting and suitably water, when door eggplant is expanded, every mu of trench digging imposes ammonium sulfate 15-20kg or diammonium phosphate 8-10kg, often within 10-15 days, imposes a urea or the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed between eggplant and four door socket eggplant expanding stages, and training is pruned and intertill and clean tillage in time;

(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: combine intertillage every mu of use 20% Rynaxypyr 1000 times of liquid mid-May and spray sugarcane foliage, mid-June to early July sprays blade face with 0.2% thuringiensis bacillus liquid, connects spray 2-3 time, every minor tick 7-10 days;

Pull out the strain of eggplant grave illness in time, extract disease leaf and sick fruit, hanging the cardboard or yellow mythimna separata gummed paper trapping yellow tea mite that are coated with organic oil in the ranks or between strain, spray 40% Shi Jiale suspending agent, 1200 times of liquid, 75% to reach section and Wettable Powder 500 times of liquid or 58% thunder many Mils mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid would rather prevent and treat gray mold, cotton disease and Phomopisis vexans, every 7-10 days 1 time, connect spray 2-3 time.

(10) gather and storage: early July eggplant ripe successively, when eggplant be yellowish-brown or golden yellow and touch feel like jelly with hand time can gather, with ripe with adopting, gathering after terminating and removing stem stalk, leveling earth;

Early November, sugarcane was ripe successively, take first ripe mode of first cutting, strike off the tip of a branch so that storage and transport, the dark 1.5m of storage cellar, wide 2-3m, fill out layer of fine sand after being well placed one deck sugarcane above the caulome of sugarcane is covered, storage cellar arranges ventilation hole, and ventilation hole maize straw is made thin bundle and vertically planted in cellar for storing things.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) adopt the mode of sugarcane interplanting eggplant to carry out both plantations, realize the efficiency utilization of light, heat, water and manure resources, increase the total yield and economic benefit;

(2) from ecological benefits, the flourishing root system of eggplant can chesson, improve the physicochemical character of soil, be conducive to the growth of sugarcane;

(3) eggplant fundamentally prevents the generation of soil-borne disease by the mode of graft seedling growth, decreases usage amount and the persticide residue of agricultural chemicals.

Embodiment:

The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.

A high-yield planting method for sugarcane interplanting eggplant, takes two row every the planting patterns of two row, comprises the following steps:

(1) Fruit variety: the Eggplant Varieties selecting good quality and high output, Resistant, drought resistance, sugar cane breed resistant to lodging and good quality and high output, Resistant, strong stress resistance, wet-heat resisting;

(2) site preparation and fertilization: select to irrigate loam or sandy loam easily, first with ploughing basal dressing before sowing, ploughing depth is 15-20cm, execute the farmyard manure 2000-2500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, soya-bean cake 45-50kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40kg and zinc sulphate 1-1.5kg for every mu, then grade, furrow are done, furrow width 35-40cm, ditch depth 25-30cm by the wide 2-2.5m of furrow;

(3) presoaking and germinating: divest the old leaf sheath in sugarcane kind, 2-3 tooth one section is chopped to after airing 1-2 days under the low light level, first put into flowing clear water soak seed 2-3 days, stagnant water seed soaking 1 day, use 50% benomyl, 1000 times of immersion kind 10-15min again, subsequently with the packed good sealing of snakeskin, vernalization at being placed in 25-27 DEG C;

First seed is put airing 2-3h in the sun before eggplant sowing, use soaked in cold water 3-4h again, then 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 25-30min are used, put into formalin 300 times of liquid after cold water cooling to soak seed 15-20min, put into clean wet gauze subsequently, be placed in vernalization under 25-30 DEG C of condition, sooner or later eluriate 1-2 time, when sowing after 80% seed germination with clear water;

(4) begin sowing in good time: sugarcane sowing is in mid or late Febuary, line-spacing is 80-90cm, after planting cover the fine earth that 5-8cm is thick, 1000 times of liquid that after blinding, every mu of use 40% atrazine 200-250g adds Acetochlor 50ml spray native face, finally cover mulch film and straw screen or mat;

Eggplant every mu sowing 60-70g, first waters vola water by soil before sowing, then seed and fine earth is mixed thoroughly and to be evenly sprinkling upon on soil afterwards, and on seed, be covered with the thick fine earth of one deck 1-1.5cm, most bonnet mulch film;

(5) seedling management: throw off mulch film in time after sugarcane seedling all sprouts, when most of seedling grows 2-3 sheet true leaf, look into seedling in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, fill the gaps with seedlings and should carry out when overcast and rainy or ground moistening, water sufficient normal root water after filling the gaps with seedlings, start when seedling grows 4 true leaves to topdress for the first time, every mu imposes the farmyard manure 100-150kg and nitrogenous fertilizer 15-20kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, imposed once every 7-10 days later, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times of liquid can be sprayed to thin and delicate seedling;

Eggplant after planting maintain seedbed day temperature 25-30 DEG C, night is at 15-20 DEG C, after emerging day temperature 20-25 DEG C, night is at 10-15 DEG C, after the 1st true leaf launches, every mu imposes an ammonium sulfate 15-20kg or urea 5-10kg, optimum period, divides seedling, suitably to leak informaton hardening, prevent excessive growth, find that disease worm seedling is pulled out in time;

(6) Grafted Eggplant: stock selects Solanum Torvum or wild eggplant No. 2, Solanum Torvum shifts to an earlier date sowing in 20-30 days than scion, grafting is carried out when Lu Bamu stock launches 3-4 sheet true leaf, scion expansion 2-3 sheet true leaf, add button Small plastic shed after grafting to shade, holding temperature 25-28 DEG C on daytime, night, 16-18 DEG C, and sprayed a 75% tpn wetting powder 500 times of liquid, saw light gradually after 4 days;

(7) eggplant field planting: get final product field planting as plant height 20-25cm, the field planting degree of depth is advisable so that soil table is concordant with cotyledonary node, takes duplicate rows field planting, line-spacing 50-60cm, spacing in the rows 40-45cm, and waters sufficient normal root fertilizer and normal root water;

(8) field management: when sugarcane production is to 50-100cm, every mu imposes Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100-150kg, urea 20-25kg and potash fertilizer 15-20kg, and simultaneously every mu applies Furadan 5-8kg, ridging of will watering after topdressing, and Feng Hanghou should uproot weeds in time;

Combine to topdress after eggplant field planting and suitably water, when door eggplant is expanded, every mu of trench digging imposes ammonium sulfate 15-20kg or diammonium phosphate 8-10kg, often within 10-15 days, imposes a urea or the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed between eggplant and four door socket eggplant expanding stages, and training is pruned and intertill and clean tillage in time;

(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: combine intertillage every mu of use 20% Rynaxypyr 1000 times of liquid mid-May and spray sugarcane foliage, mid-June to early July sprays blade face with 0.2% thuringiensis bacillus liquid, connects spray 2-3 time, every minor tick 7-10 days;

Pull out the strain of eggplant grave illness in time, extract disease leaf and sick fruit, hanging the cardboard or yellow mythimna separata gummed paper trapping yellow tea mite that are coated with organic oil in the ranks or between strain, spray 40% Shi Jiale suspending agent, 1200 times of liquid, 75% to reach section and Wettable Powder 500 times of liquid or 58% thunder many Mils mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid would rather prevent and treat gray mold, cotton disease and Phomopisis vexans, every 7-10 days 1 time, connect spray 2-3 time.

(10) gather and storage: early July eggplant ripe successively, when eggplant be yellowish-brown or golden yellow and touch feel like jelly with hand time can gather, with ripe with adopting, gathering after terminating and removing stem stalk, leveling earth;

Early November, sugarcane was ripe successively, take first ripe mode of first cutting, strike off the tip of a branch so that storage and transport, the dark 1.5m of storage cellar, wide 2-3m, fill out layer of fine sand after being well placed one deck sugarcane above the caulome of sugarcane is covered, storage cellar arranges ventilation hole, and ventilation hole maize straw is made thin bundle and vertically planted in cellar for storing things.

The Economic and Efficiency Analysis of sugarcane interplanting eggplant:

The output of eggplant can be increased while ensureing cultivation of sugar cane, there is extraordinary economic benefit on limited soil.In input, sugarcane mu is dropped in 2300-2500 unit, and eggplant mu is dropped in 1500-1700 unit; In income, sugarcane mu income 13000-14000 unit, eggplant mu income 4500-5000 unit, removing input cost, every mu of net income reaches 15000 yuan.Can find out thus, sugarcane interplanting eggplant both ensure that the stability of sugarcane yield, improve land resources utilization rate, turn increased economic benefit.

The Ecological Benefit Analysis of sugarcane interplanting eggplant:

The interplanting of tall and big crop sugarcane and short and small crop eggplant can make time, spatial framework reasonably combined, realizes the efficiency utilization of light, heat, water, fertile resource, improves output; And eggplant well developed root system, deeply can reach more than 1m, main the distribution of root system at 30-33 centimetre of dark soil layer, can chesson, improve the physicochemical character of soil, be conducive to the growth of sugarcane.

More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. a high-yield planting method for sugarcane interplanting eggplant, is characterized in that: take two row every the planting patterns of two row, comprise the following steps:

(1) Fruit variety: the Eggplant Varieties selecting good quality and high output, Resistant, drought resistance, sugar cane breed resistant to lodging and good quality and high output, Resistant, strong stress resistance, wet-heat resisting;

(2) site preparation and fertilization: select to irrigate loam or sandy loam easily, first with ploughing basal dressing before sowing, ploughing depth is 15-20cm, execute the farmyard manure 2000-2500kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, soya-bean cake 45-50kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 30-40kg and zinc sulphate 1-1.5kg for every mu, then grade, furrow are done, furrow width 35-40cm, ditch depth 25-30cm by the wide 2-2.5m of furrow;

(3) presoaking and germinating: divest the old leaf sheath in sugarcane kind, 2-3 tooth one section is chopped to after airing 1-2 days under the low light level, first put into flowing clear water soak seed 2-3 days, stagnant water seed soaking 1 day, use 50% benomyl, 1000 times of immersion kind 10-15min again, subsequently with the packed good sealing of snakeskin, vernalization at being placed in 25-27 DEG C;

First seed is put airing 2-3h in the sun before eggplant sowing, use soaked in cold water 3-4h again, then 50 DEG C of water seed soaking 25-30min are used, put into formalin 300 times of liquid after cold water cooling to soak seed 15-20min, put into clean wet gauze subsequently, be placed in vernalization under 25-30 DEG C of condition, sooner or later eluriate 1-2 time, when sowing after 80% seed germination with clear water;

(4) begin sowing in good time: sugarcane sowing is in mid or late Febuary, line-spacing is 80-90cm, after planting cover the fine earth that 5-8cm is thick, 1000 times of liquid that after blinding, every mu of use 40% atrazine 200-250g adds Acetochlor 50ml spray native face, finally cover mulch film and straw screen or mat;

Eggplant every mu sowing 60-70g, first waters vola water by soil before sowing, then seed and fine earth is mixed thoroughly and to be evenly sprinkling upon on soil afterwards, and on seed, be covered with the thick fine earth of one deck 1-1.5cm, most bonnet mulch film;

(5) seedling management: throw off mulch film in time after sugarcane seedling all sprouts, when most of seedling grows 2-3 sheet true leaf, look into seedling in time to fill the gaps with seedlings, fill the gaps with seedlings and should carry out when overcast and rainy or ground moistening, water sufficient normal root water after filling the gaps with seedlings, start when seedling grows 4 true leaves to topdress for the first time, every mu imposes the farmyard manure 100-150kg and nitrogenous fertilizer 15-20kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, imposed once every 7-10 days later, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times of liquid can be sprayed to thin and delicate seedling;

Eggplant after planting maintain seedbed day temperature 25-30 DEG C, night is at 15-20 DEG C, after emerging day temperature 20-25 DEG C, night is at 10-15 DEG C, after the 1st true leaf launches, every mu imposes an ammonium sulfate 15-20kg or urea 5-10kg, optimum period, divides seedling, suitably to leak informaton hardening, prevent excessive growth, find that disease worm seedling is pulled out in time;

(6) Grafted Eggplant: stock selects Solanum Torvum or wild eggplant No. 2, Solanum Torvum shifts to an earlier date sowing in 20-30 days than scion, grafting is carried out when Lu Bamu stock launches 3-4 sheet true leaf, scion expansion 2-3 sheet true leaf, add button Small plastic shed after grafting to shade, holding temperature 25-28 DEG C on daytime, night, 16-18 DEG C, and sprayed a 75% tpn wetting powder 500 times of liquid, saw light gradually after 4 days;

(7) eggplant field planting: get final product field planting as plant height 20-25cm, the field planting degree of depth is advisable so that soil table is concordant with cotyledonary node, takes duplicate rows field planting, line-spacing 50-60cm, spacing in the rows 40-45cm, and waters sufficient normal root fertilizer and normal root water;

(8) field management: when sugarcane production is to 50-100cm, every mu imposes Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 100-150kg, urea 20-25kg and potash fertilizer 15-20kg, and simultaneously every mu applies Furadan 5-8kg, ridging of will watering after topdressing, and Feng Hanghou should uproot weeds in time;

Combine to topdress after eggplant field planting and suitably water, when door eggplant is expanded, every mu of trench digging imposes ammonium sulfate 15-20kg or diammonium phosphate 8-10kg, often within 10-15 days, imposes a urea or the cake fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed between eggplant and four door socket eggplant expanding stages, and training is pruned and intertill and clean tillage in time;

(9) extermination of disease and insect pest: combine intertillage every mu of use 20% Rynaxypyr 1000 times of liquid mid-May and spray sugarcane foliage, mid-June to early July sprays blade face with 0.2% thuringiensis bacillus liquid, connects spray 2-3 time, every minor tick 7-10 days;

Pull out the strain of eggplant grave illness in time, extract disease leaf and sick fruit, hanging the cardboard or yellow mythimna separata gummed paper trapping yellow tea mite that are coated with organic oil in the ranks or between strain, spray 40% Shi Jiale suspending agent, 1200 times of liquid, 75% to reach section and Wettable Powder 500 times of liquid or 58% thunder many Mils mancozeb wettable powder, 500 times of liquid would rather prevent and treat gray mold, cotton disease and Phomopisis vexans, every 7-10 days 1 time, connect spray 2-3 time.

(10) gather and storage: early July eggplant ripe successively, when eggplant be yellowish-brown or golden yellow and touch feel like jelly with hand time can gather, with ripe with adopting, gathering after terminating and removing stem stalk, leveling earth;

Early November, sugarcane was ripe successively, take first ripe mode of first cutting, strike off the tip of a branch so that storage and transport, the dark 1.5m of storage cellar, wide 2-3m, fill out layer of fine sand after being well placed one deck sugarcane above the caulome of sugarcane is covered, storage cellar arranges ventilation hole, and ventilation hole maize straw is made thin bundle and vertically planted in cellar for storing things.