CN104700783B - 像素驱动电路的驱动方法 - Google Patents

像素驱动电路的驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN104700783B
CN104700783B CN201510159398.8A CN201510159398A CN104700783B CN 104700783 B CN104700783 B CN 104700783B CN 201510159398 A CN201510159398 A CN 201510159398A CN 104700783 B CN104700783 B CN 104700783B
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signal
data
current potential
potential
power supply
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CN104700783A (zh
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徐攀
李永谦
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Hefei Xinsheng Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Hefei Xinsheng Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP15837126.0A priority patent/EP3279889A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2015/087510 priority patent/WO2016155206A1/zh
Priority to US14/917,158 priority patent/US9704436B2/en
Priority to EP21200002.0A priority patent/EP3955239A1/en
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法,涉及显示技术领域,用以降低像素驱动电路的功耗,并简化其驱动方法。其中像素驱动电路包括:重置单元,用于将基准信号输出;数据写入单元,用于将数据信号输出;与重置单元连接且与数据写入单元连接的补偿单元,补偿单元还与输出节点连接,补偿单元接收电源电压信号,用于将输出节点的电位重置为重置电位,将输出节点的电位从重置电位上拉至第一电位,将输出节点的电位从第一电位上拉至第二电位,生成一发光驱动信号并输出至输出节点;与输出节点连接的发光单元,发光单元还与电源负极连接,用于在发光时段在发光驱动信号的驱动下发光。前述像素驱动电路用于驱动发光单元发光。

Description

像素驱动电路的驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法。
背景技术
AMOLED(Active Matrix Organic Light)Emitting Diode,有源矩阵有机发光二极管)显示器具有自发光、超薄、反应速度快、对比度高、视角广等诸多优点,是目前受到广泛关注的一种显示器件。
AMOLED显示器包括矩阵式排布的多个像素,驱动和控制每个像素进行灰阶的显示依赖于像素内部的像素驱动电路。像素驱动电路主要包括:开关管、电容和OLED(OrganicLight)Emitting Diode,有机发光二极管)发光器件,如图1所示,为一种常见的像素驱动电路,该像素驱动电路包括控制开关管Tc、驱动开关管Td和电源开关管Tv三个开关管,以及第一电容C1和第二电容C2两个电容;其中,控制开关管Tc的控制端接收栅极控制信号Sc,控制开关管Tc的输入端接收数据信号Data,数据信号Data具有两种电位:数据电位Vdata和基准电位Vref;电源开关管Tv的控制端接收电源控制信号Sv,电源开关管Tv的输入端接收电源电压信号VDD;驱动开关管Td的控制端连接控制开关管Tc的输出端,驱动开关管Td的输入端连接电源开关管Tv的输出端;第一电容C1的第一端连接驱动开关管Td的控制端,第一电容C1的第二端连接驱动开关管Td的输出端,控制开关管Tc的输出端、驱动开关管Td的控制端和第一电容C1的第一端的公共端为输入节点n;发光器件D的阳极连接驱动开关管Td的输出端,发光器件D的阴极连接电源负极VSS;第二电容C2的第一端连接发光器件D的阳极,第二电容C2的第二端连接发光器件D的阴极,第一电容C1的第二端、驱动开关管Td的输出端、发光器件D的阳极和第二电容C2的第一端的公共端为输出节点p。
在上述像素驱动电路的实际应用过程中,本申请发明人发现,上述像素驱动电路的功耗较高,且驱动方法复杂。
发明内容
为克服上述现有技术中的缺陷,本发明提供一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法,以降低像素驱动电路的功耗,简化像素驱动电路的驱动方法。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的第一方面提供了一种像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路的一个驱动周期依次包括:重置时段、补偿时段、数据写入时段和发光时段,所述像素驱动电路包括:重置单元,所述重置单元接收基准控制信号和基准信号,所述基准信号的电位为基准电位,所述重置单元用于:在所述重置时段和所述补偿时段,在所述基准控制信号的控制下将所述基准信号输出;数据写入单元,所述数据写入单元接收栅极控制信号和数据信号,所述数据信号的电位为数据电位,所述数据写入单元用于:在所述数据写入时段,在所述栅极控制信号的控制下将所述数据信号输出;与所述重置单元连接且与所述数据写入单元连接的补偿单元,所述补偿单元还与输出节点连接,所述补偿单元接收电源电压信号,所述补偿单元用于:在所述重置时段,利用所述基准信号和处于低电位的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位重置为重置电位,在所述补偿时段,利用所述基准信号和处于高电位的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位从所述重置电位上拉至第一电位,在所述数据写入时段,利用所述数据信号和处于浮空状态的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位从所述第一电位上拉至第二电位,在所述发光时段,在处于高电位的电源电压信号的作用下,生成一发光驱动信号并输出至所述输出节点;与所述输出节点连接的发光单元,所述发光单元还与电源负极连接,所述发光单元用于:在所述发光时段,在所述发光驱动信号的驱动下发光。
可选的,所述重置单元包括:重置开关管,所述重置开关管的控制端接收所述基准控制信号,输入端接收所述基准信号,输出端连接所述补偿单元。
可选的,所述数据写入单元包括:控制开关管,所述控制开关管的控制端接收所述栅极控制信号,所述控制开关管的输入端接收所述数据信号,所述控制开关管的输出端连接所述补偿单元。
可选的,所述补偿单元包括:驱动开关管,所述驱动开关管的控制端连接所述重置单元且连接所述数据写入单元,所述驱动开关管的输入端接收所述电源电压信号,所述驱动开关管的输出端连接所述输出节点;第一电容,所述第一电容的第一端连接所述驱动开关管的控制端,所述第一电容的第二端连接所述驱动开关管的输出端。
可选的,所述发光单元包括:发光器件,所述发光器件的阳极连接所述输出节点,所述发光器件的阴极连接所述电源负极;第二电容,所述第二电容的第一端连接所述发光器件的阳极,所述第二电容的第二端连接所述发光器件的阴极。
可选的,所述像素驱动电路还包括:与所述补偿单元连接的电源单元,所述电源单元接收电源控制信号和所述电源电压信号;所述电源单元用于:在所述重置时段和所述发光时段,在所述电源控制信号的控制下将处于高电位的电源电压信号输出至所述补偿单元;在所述补偿时段,在所述电源控制信号的控制下将处于低电位的电源电压信号输出至所述补偿单元;在所述数据写入时段,在所述电源控制信号的控制下使所述电源电压信号处于浮空状态。
可选的,所述电源单元包括:电源开关管,所述电源开关管的控制端接收所述电源控制信号,所述电源开关管的输入端接收所述电源电压信号,所述电源开关管的输出端连接所述补偿单元。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法,用于驱动权利要求以上任一项所述像素驱动电路,所述像素驱动电路包括:重置单元、数据写入单元、补偿单元和发光单元,其中所述补偿单元和所述发光单元的公共端为输出节点,所述驱动方法包括多个驱动周期,每个所述驱动周期依次包括:重置时段,向所述重置单元输入基准控制信号和基准信号,使所述重置单元在所述基准控制信号的控制下将所述基准信号输出至所述补偿单元,并向所述补偿单元输入处于低电位的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位重置为重置电位,其中,所述基准信号的电位为基准电位;补偿时段,向所述重置单元输入所述基准控制信号和所述基准信号,使所述重置单元在所述基准控制信号的控制下将所述基准信号输出至所述补偿单元,并向所述补偿单元输入处于高电位的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位从所述重置电位上拉至第一电位;数据写入时段,向所述数据写入单元输入栅极控制信号和数据信号,使所述数据写入单元在所述栅极控制信号的控制下将所述数据信号输出至所述补偿单元,并使所述电源电压信号处于浮空状态,将所述输出节点的电位从所述第一电位上拉至第二电位,其中,所述数据信号的电位为数据电位;发光时段,向所述补偿单元输入处于高电位的电源电压信号,使所述补偿单元在所述处于高电位的电源电压信号的作用下生成一发光驱动信号,利用所述发光驱动信号驱动所述发光单元发光。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种阵列基板,包括以上任一项所述的像素驱动电路。
本发明的第四方面提供了一种显示装置,包括以上所述的阵列基板。
本发明所提供的像素驱动电路的驱动方法中,像素驱动电路包括重置单元、数据写入单元、补偿单元和发光单元,重置单元在重置时段和补偿时段向像素驱动电路的补偿单元提供一基准信号,以便补偿单元在重置时段对输出节点的电位进行重置,在补偿时段将输出节点的电位上拉,数据写入单元在数据写入时段将数据信号提供给补偿单元,以便补偿单元在数据写入时段将输出节点的电位再次进行上拉,补偿单元会在发光时段生成一发光驱动信号,驱动发光单元发光。显然的,上述像素驱动电路中,由于单独设置了重置单元来提供基准信号,基准信号的电位为基准电位,因此在由上一帧图像的灰阶变化为当前帧图像的灰阶的过程中,数据信号的电位无需先从上一帧对应的数据电位跳变至基准电位,再从基准电位跳变至当前帧对应的数据电位,而是能够直接由上一帧对应的数据电位跳变至当前帧对应的数据电位。从第1帧~第n帧,数据信号的电位的跳变过程为:Vdata1→Vdata2→Vdata3→…→Vdatan,进一步的,若连续两帧或两帧以上图像显示的灰阶相同,则数据信号的电位无需进行跳变,从而完成n帧的驱动过程数据信号的电位仅需进行小于或等于(n)1)次的跳变,跳变频率f至少减小一半;且数据信号的电位每次跳变均是在两个数据电位(均是高电位)之间变化,跳变的幅值大大减小,有效的降低了像素驱动电路功耗。
并且,显然的,重置单元仅在重置时段和补偿时段工作,即控制重置单元的基准控制信号仅在重置时段和补偿时段为打开,其余时段均关闭,每一帧基准控制信号仅开关一次;数据写入单元仅在数据写入时段工作,即控制数据写入单元的栅极控制信号的电位仅在数据写入时段打开,其余时段均关闭,每一帧栅极控制信号仅开关一次;数据信号的电位仅在连续的两帧灰阶发生改变时跳变;这些均使控制时序得以简化,从而简化了驱动方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为现有技术中的像素驱动电路的结构图;
图2为图1所示出的像素驱动电路的控制时序图;
图3为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的基本结构图;
图4为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的具体结构图;
图5为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的控制时序图;
图6a~图6d为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路在一个驱动周期内的工作过程图;
图7为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的另一种基本结构图;
图8为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的另一种具体结构图;
图9为本发明实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的另一种控制时序图;
附图标记说明:
Tr)重置开关管; Tc)控制开关管; Td)驱动开关管;
Tv)电源开关管; C1)第一电容; C2)第二电容;
D)发光器件; Sr)基准控制信号; Sc)栅极控制信号;
Sv)电源控制信号; Data)数据信号; VDD)电源电压信号;
VSS)电源负极; n)输入节点; p)输出节点;
1)重置单元; 2)数据写入单元; 3)补偿单元;
4)发光单元; 5)电源单元; P1)重置时段;
P2)补偿时段; P3)信号写入时段; P4)发光时段。
具体实施方式
正如背景技术所述,现有像素驱动电路的功耗高、驱动方法复杂,本申请发明人经过大量的实验和研究发现,产生前述问题的原因之一在于:如图2所示,为现有像素驱动电路的控制时序图,一帧(即一个驱动周期)的时间包括重置时段P1、补偿时段P2、信号写入时段P3和发光时段P4。
在重置时段P1,栅极控制信号Sc处于高电位时,控制开关管Tc打开,同时数据信号Data处于基准电位Vref(图2中数据信号Data的低电位为基准电位Vref),从而输入节点n的电位Vn至Vref,驱动开关管Td的栅源电压Vgs至Vn)Vp至Vref)Vp致Vth(其中Vp为输出节点p的电位,Vth为驱动开关管Td的阈值电压),驱动开关管Td保持开启,此时电源控制信号Sv处于高电位,电源开关管Tv打开,电源电压信号VDD处于低电位,从而输出节点p的电位Vp被重置为低电位。
在补偿时段P2,Td保持开启,电源电压信号VDD跳变为高电位,从而输出节点p的电位Vp开始上升,直至Vp至Vref)Vth,此时驱动开关管Td的栅源电压Vgs至Vn)Vp至Vref)(Vref)Vth)至Vth,驱动开关管Td截止,输入节点的电位Vn保持基准电位Vref,输出节点p的电位Vp为(Vref)Vth)。
在信号写入时段P3,电源控制信号Sv处于低电位,电源开关管Tv关断,同时栅极控制信号Sc处于高电位,控制开关管Tc打开,从而数据信号Data写入第一电容C1中,写入的数据信号Data的电位为数据电位Vdata(图2中数据信号Data的高电位为数据电位Vdata),输入节点n的电位Vn由基准电位Vref上升至数据电位Vdata,输出节点p的电位Vp由(Vref)Vth)自举为[Vref)Vth+α(Vdata)Vref)],其中α至C1/(C1+C2),C1为第一电容C1的电容值,C2为第二电容21的电容值。
在发光时段P4,栅极控制信号Sc处于低电位,控制开关管Tc关断,第一电容C1使输入节点n的电位Vn维持在数据电位Vdata,同时电源控制信号Sv处于高电位,电源开关管Tv打开,电源电压信号VDD处于高电位,发光器件D开始发光。
由于一帧图像显示的灰阶是由数据信号Data的电位决定的,因此若要从前一帧的灰阶变化为当前帧的灰阶,需要使数据信号的电位由前一帧对应的数据电位变化为当前帧对应的数据电位。根据上述驱动过程,对于同一像素,从前一帧的灰阶变化为当前帧的灰阶,数据信号Data的电位的变化过程为:首先从前一帧对应的数据电位跳变至基准电位Vref,再从基准电位Vref跳变至当前帧对应的数据电位。
进一步的,从第1帧~第n帧,数据信号Data的电位的跳变过程为:Vdata1→Vref→Vdata2→Vref→Vdata3→Vref→…→Vdatan(其中Vdata1~Vdatan分别为第1帧~第n帧对应的数据信号Data的数据电位),这样就造成完成n帧的驱动过程,数据信号Data的电位需要进行[2(n)1)]次的跳变,跳变频率f较快;此外由于数据电位Vdata(即从Vdata1~Vdatan)均为高电位,基准电位Vref为低电位,因此数据信号Data的电位的每次跳变均是在高电位与低电位之间变化,跳变的幅值较大。
根据数据信号Data的电位跳变的瞬时功耗P的计算公式:(其中,CL为数据线电容,Vmax为数据信号Data的电位跳变的最大幅值,Vmin为数据信号Data的电位跳变的最小幅值),在数据信号Data的数据电位Vdata与基准电位Vref十分接近时,电位跳变的幅值非常小,可认为最小幅值Vmin至0,则电位跳变的瞬时功耗P随电位跳变的频率f增大而增大,随电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax增大而增大。经过上面的推导,现有技术中数据信号Data的电位跳变的频率f与跳变的幅值均较大,因此数据信号Data的电位跳变的瞬时功耗P较高,造成像素驱动电路的功耗较高。
此外,在上述现有技术中像素驱动电路的驱动过程中,一帧内需要栅极控制信号Sc的电位不断的在高电位与低电位之间变换,且从上一帧切换到当前帧数据信号Data需要跳变两次,这些均引起控制时序复杂化,导致现有像素驱动电路的驱动方法较复杂。
基于上述对现有技术的研究,本实施例提供一种像素驱动电路,该像素驱动电路的一个驱动周期依次包括:重置时段、补偿时段、数据写入时段和发光时段,该像素驱动电路包括:
重置单元1,该重置单元1接收基准控制信号和基准信号Ref,基准信号Ref的电位为基准电位Vref,该重置单元用于:在重置时段和补偿时段,在基准控制信号Sr的控制下将基准信号Ref输出。
数据写入单元2,该数据写入单元2接收栅极控制信号Sc和数据信号Data,数据信号Data的电位为数据电位Vdata,数据写入单元2用于:在数据写入时段,在栅极控制信号Sc的控制下将数据信号Data输出。
与重置单元1连接且与数据写入单元2连接的补偿单元3,该补偿单元3还与输出节点p连接,补偿单元3接收电源电压信号VDD;该补偿单元3用于:在重置时段,利用基准信号Ref和处于低电位的电源电压信号VDD,将输出节点p的电位Vp重置为重置电位;在补偿时段,利用基准信号Ref和处于高电位的电源电压信号VDD,将输出节点p的电位Vp从重置电位上拉至第一电位;在数据写入时段,利用数据信号Data和处于浮空状态的电源电压信号VDD,将输出节点p的电位Vp从第一电位上拉至第二电位;在发光时段,在处于高电位的电源电压信号VDD的作用下,生成一发光驱动信号并输出至输出节点p。
与输出节点p连接的发光单元4,该发光单元4还与电源负极VSS连接,该发光单元4用于:在发光时段,在发光驱动信号的驱动下发光。
相应的,本实施例所提供的上述像素驱动电路的驱动方法包括多个驱动周期,每个驱动周期依次包括:
重置时段,向重置单元1输入基准控制信号Sr和基准信号Ref,使重置单元1在基准控制信号Sr的控制下将基准信号Ref输出至补偿单元3,并向补偿单元3输入处于低电位的电源电压信号VDD,将输出节点p的电位Vp重置为重置电位,其中,基准信号Ref的电位为基准电位Vref。
补偿时段,向重置单元1输入基准控制信号Sr和基准信号Ref,使重置单元1在基准控制信号Sr的控制下将基准信号Ref输出至补偿单元3,并向补偿单元3输入处于高电位的电源电压信号VDD,将输出节点p的电位Vp从重置电位上拉至第一电位。
数据写入时段,向数据写入单元2输入栅极控制信号Sc和数据信号Data,使数据写入单元2在栅极控制信号Sc的控制下将数据信号Data输出至补偿单元3,并使电源电压信号VDD处于浮空状态,将输出节点p的电位Vp从第一电位上拉至第二电位,其中,数据信号Data的电位为数据电位Vdata。
发光时段,向补偿单元3输入处于高电位的电源电压信号VDD,使补偿单元3在处于高电位的电源电压信号VDD的作用下生成一发光驱动信号,利用发光驱动信号驱动发光单元4发光。
本实施例所提供的像素驱动电路及其驱动方法中,通过单独设置一重置单元1为补偿单元3提供具有基准电位Vref的基准信号Ref,使得在由上一帧(即上一个驱动周期)图像的灰阶变化为当前帧图像的灰阶的过程中,数据信号Data的电位无需先从上一帧对应的数据电位跳变至基准电位Vref,再从基准电位Vref跳变至当前帧对应的数据电位,而是能够直接由上一帧对应的数据电位跳变至当前帧对应的数据电位。因此从第1帧~第n帧,数据信号Data的电位的跳变过程为:Vdata1→Vdata2→Vdata3→…→Vdatan,若连续两帧或两帧以上图像显示的灰阶相同,则数据信号Data的电位无需进行跳变,从而完成n帧的驱动过程数据信号Data的电位的跳变次数由现有技术中的[2(n)1)]次减少为小于或等于(n)1)次,跳变频率f至少减小一半;且数据信号Data的电位每次跳变均是在两个数据电位Vdata之间变化,数据电位Vdata均为高电位,即本实施例中数据信号Data的电位每次跳变均是在高电位与高电位之间跳变,跳变的幅值相对于现有技术中数据信号Data的电位每次跳变均是在高电位(数据电位Vdata)与低电位(基准电位Vref)之间跳变的幅值大大减小。
本实施例中,若连续的n帧所对应的全部数据电位中,最大的数据电位Vdata(max)所对应的帧与最小的数据电位Vdata(min)所对应的帧相邻,则电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax达到最大:Vmax至[Vdata(max))Vdata(min)],而现有技术中电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax达到最大时为:[Vdata(max))Vref],由于Vdata(min)致Vref,因此本实施例中的电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax小于现有技术中电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax。根据数据信号Data的电位跳变的瞬时功耗P的计算公式:在相邻两帧图像显示的灰阶相同时,二者所对应的数据信号Data的数据电位Vdata相同,则电位跳变的最小幅值Vmin至0,从而电位跳变的瞬时功耗P随电位跳变的频率f减小而减小,随电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax的减小而减小,由于本实施例中电位跳变的频率f相对于现有技术中电位跳变的频率f至少减小一半,且本实施例中的电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax小于现有技术中电位跳变的最大幅值Vmax,因此本实施例所提供的像素驱动电路的功耗相对于现有技术降低。
并且,从本实施例所提供的像素驱动电路及驱动方法中能够明显看出:重置单元1仅在重置时段和补偿时段工作,即控制重置单元1的基准控制信号仅在重置时段和补偿时段打开,其余时段均关闭,每一帧基准控制信号仅开关一次;数据写入单元2仅在数据写入时段工作,即控制数据写入单元的栅极控制信号的电位仅在数据写入时段打开,其余时段均关闭,每一帧栅极控制信号仅开关一次;数据信号Data的电位仅在连续的两帧灰阶发生改变时跳变;这些均使像素驱动电路的控制时序得以简化,从而简化了像素驱动电路的驱动方法。
需要说明的是,本实施例所提供的像素驱动电路中,电源电压信号VDD的电位有三种状态:高电位、低电位和浮空。此外,重置单元1、数据写入单元2和补偿单元3的公共端为输入节点n,补偿单元3和发光单元4的公共端为输出节点p。
下面以具体的电路结构为例对本实施例所提供的像素驱动电路进行介绍。如图4所示,本实施所提供的像素驱动电路的重置单元1可包括:重置开关管Tr,该重置开关管Tr的控制端接收基准控制信号Sr,输入端接收基准信号Ref,输出端连接补偿单元3。
数据写入单元2可包括:控制开关管Tc,该控制开关管Tc的控制端接收栅极控制信号Sc,该控制开关管Tc的输入端接收数据信号Data,该控制开关管Tc的输出端连接补偿单元3。
补偿单元3可包括:驱动开关管Td,该驱动开关管Td的控制端连接重置单元1且连接数据写入单元2,该驱动开关管Td的输入端接收电源电压信号VDD,该驱动开关管Td的输出端连接输出节点p;第一电容C1,该第一电容C1的第一端连接驱动开关管Td的控制端,该第一电容C1的第二端连接驱动开关管Td的输出端。
发光单元4可包括:发光器件D,该发光器件D的阳极连接输出节点p,该发光器件D的阴极连接电源负极VSS;第二电容C2,该第二电容C2的第一端连接发光器件D的阳极,该第二电容C2的第二端连接发光器件D的阴极。
参见图5,上述具体的像素驱动电路的工作过程为:在一个驱动周期内,依次包括以下四个时段:
重置时段P1:将输出节点p的电位Vp重置为重置电位,清除上一驱动周期的信息。具体的,如图6a所示,在此时段内,栅极控制信号Sc处于低电位,从而控制开关管Tc关闭;基准控制信号Sr处于高电位,重置开关管Tr打开,从而基准信号Ref从重置开关管Tr的输出端输出,输入节点n的电位Vn等于基准信号Ref的电位(即基准电位)Vref,即Vn至Vref;在对输出节点p的电位Vp进行重置的起始时刻,驱动开关管Td处于导通状态,此时将电源电压信号VDD置于低电位VDD_L,输出节点p的电位Vp变化为VDD_L,驱动开关管Td的栅源电压Vgs至Vn)Vp至Vref)VDD_L致Vth,从而驱动开关管Td继续导通,输出节点p的电位Vp保持为VDD_L(即重置电位)。需要说明的是,虽然在此时段内驱动开关管Td保持导通,但是由于Vp至VDD_L,因此并不足以使发光器件D打开并发光。
补偿时段P2:将输出节点p的电位Vp从重置电位拉高至第一电位,对输出节点p的电位Vp进行补偿。具体的,如图6b所示,在此时段内,栅极控制信号Sc保持低电位,从而控制开关管Tc保持关闭;基准控制信号Sr保持高电位,重置开关管Tr保持导通,从而将基准信号Ref输出至输入节点n,使输入节点n的电位Vn保持在Vref;此时,驱动开关管Td仍然导通,将电源电压信号VDD置于高电位VDD_H,输出节点p的电位Vp开始由VDD_L上升,驱动开关管Td的栅源电压Vgs开始由(Vref)VDD_L)减小,直至Vgs至Vth,驱动开关管Td管子截止,此时输出节点p的电位Vp至Vref)Vth,(Vref)Vth)即为第一电位。需要说明的是,在此阶段内,当Vgs致Vth时,虽然驱动开关管Td导通,但是输出节点p的电位Vp并不是很高,不足以驱动发光器件D打开并发光,当Vgs至Vth时,驱动开关管Td截止,处于高电位VDD_H的电源电压信号VDD无法输送至输出节点p,因此发光器件D仍然无法发光。
数据写入时段P3:将输出节点p的电位Vp从第一电位上拉至第二电位,以消除驱动开关管Td的阈值电压Vth对发光器件D的影响。具体的,如图6c所示,在此时段内,基准控制信号Sr的电位变为低电位,重置开关管Tr关闭;栅极控制信号Sc处于高电位,控制开关管Tc打开,从而控制开关管Tc将数据信号Data输出至输入节点n,由于所输出的数据信号Data处于数据电位Vdata,因此输入节点n的电位Vn由基准电位Vref变为数据电位Vdata,Vn的变化量为(Vdata)Vref);Vdata为高电位,促使驱动开关管Td打开;此时,关闭电源电压信号VDD,使电源电压信号VDD的电位处于浮空状态VDD_floating,从而第一电容C1产生电容自举效应,将输出节点p的电位Vp由(Vref)Vth)自举为第二电位,由于Vn的变化量为(Vdata)Vref),因此Vp的变化量应为α(Vdata)Vref),其中α至C1/(C1+C2),从而第二电位应为:Vp至Vref)Vth+α(Vdata)Vref)。需要说明的是,在此时段内,由于电源电压信号VDD被关闭,因此发光器件D不会发光。
发光时段P4:驱动开关管Td打开,电源电压信号VDD为高电位,从而能够驱动发光器件D打开并发光。具体的,如图6d所示,在此时段内,基准控制信号Sr处于低电位,重置开关管Tr关闭,栅极控制信号Sc处于低电位,控制开关管Tc关闭,从而输入节点n的电位Vn保持在Vdata,驱动开关管Td打开,输出节点p的电位Vp保持在[Vref)Vth+α(Vdata)Vref)]不变,因此驱动开关管Td的栅源电压Vgs恒定,Vgs至Vn)Vp至Vdata)[Vref)Vth+α(Vdata)Vref)]至(1)α)(Vdata)Vref)+Vth,根据发光器件D的工作电流的计算公式:ID至K(Vgs)Vth)2,其中K为常数,得到ID至K[(1)α)(Vdata)Vref)+Vth)Vth]2至K[(1)α)(Vdata)Vref)]2,发光器件D打开并发光。
从上述具体的像素驱动电路及其工作过程不难看出,由于单独设置了重置开挂管Tr来提供基准信号Ref,因此从第1帧~第n帧,数据信号Data的电位的跳变过程为:Vdata1→Vdata2→Vdata3→…→Vdatan,若连续两帧或两帧以上图像显示的灰阶相同,则数据信号Data的电位无需进行跳变,从而完成n帧的驱动过程数据信号Data的电位仅需进行小于或等于(n)1)次的跳变,跳变频率f至少减小一半;且数据信号Data的电位每次跳变均是在两个数据电位(均是高电位)之间变化,跳变的幅值大大减小,有效的降低了像素驱动电路功耗。
并且,重置开关管Tr仅在重置时段P1和补偿时段P2工作,即控制重置开关管Tr的基准控制信号Sr仅在重置时段P1和补偿时段P2处于高电位,其余时段均处于低电位,每一帧基准控制信号Sr仅开关一次;控制开关管Tc仅在数据写入时段P3工作,即控制控制开关管Tc的栅极控制信号Sc的电位仅在数据写入时段P3处于高电平,其余时段均处于低电位,每一帧栅极控制信号Sc仅开关一次;数据信号Data的电位仅在连续的两帧灰阶发生改变时跳变;这些均简化了像素驱动电路的控制时序,即简化了其驱动方法。
上述具体的像素驱动电路包括3个开关管和2个电容,与现有技术中的像素驱动电路相比,上述具体的像素驱动电路并未额外增加开关管和电容,也就是说,上述具体的像素驱动电路能够在不增加电路复杂程度的基础上,实现降低功耗和简化驱动方法的目的。
此外,在将基准控制信号Sr置于高电位,以打开重置开关管Tr时,且在将栅极控制信号Sc置于高电位,以打开控制开关管Tc时,优选的可如图5中所示,将高电位的基准控制信号Sr和高电位的栅极控制信号Sc进行一定的延迟,以防止骤然打开重置开关管Tr和控制开关管Tc所引起的浪涌电流问题,提高像素驱动电路的可靠性。在将栅极控制信号Sc置于低电位,以关闭控制开关管Tc时,优选的可如图5中所示,提前将栅极控制信号Sc置于低电位,以关闭控制开关管Tc,这有利于进一步降低像素驱动电路的功耗;需要说明的是,由于将栅极控制信号Sc置于高电位,打开控制开关管Tc,以将输入节点n的电压Vn变为Vdata仅需极短的时间,因此能够提前将栅极控制信号Sc由高电位变为低电位,关闭控制开关管Tc。
需要说明的是,上述像素驱动电路中,发光器件D的工作电流ID至K[(1)α)(Vdata)Vref)]2,与驱动开关管Td的阈值电压Vth无关,从而消除了驱动开关管Td的阈值电压Vth漂移引起的发光器件D发光亮度不恒定的问题。
另外,本实施例仅以上述具体的电路结构为例对所提供的像素驱动电路进行介绍,在本发明的其它实施例中,像素驱动电路的重置单元1、数据写入单元2、补偿单元3和发光单元4还可各自采用其它的结构实现,在此不再详述。
上述具体的像素驱动电路中电源电压信号VDD具有高电位、低电位和浮空三种变化状态,可利用阵列基板的外部驱动芯片提供。
基于上述具体的像素驱动电路,本实施例还可在驱动开关管Td的输入端设置一开关管,以对电源电压信号VDD进行控制。如图7所示,该像素驱动电路还可包括:与补偿单元3连接的电源单元5,该电源单元5接收电源控制信号Sv和电源电压信号VDD;该电源单元5用于:在重置时段和发光时段,在电源控制信号Sv的控制下将处于高电位的电源电压信号VDD输出至补偿单元3;在补偿时段,在电源控制信号Sv的控制下将处于低电位的电源电压信号VDD输出至补偿单元3;在数据写入时段,在电源控制信号VDD的控制下使电源电压信号VDD处于浮空状态。
具体的,如图8所示,前述电源单元5可包括:电源开关管Tv,该电源开关管Tv的控制端接收电源控制信号Sv,该电源开关管Tv的输入端接收电源电压信号VDD,该电源开关管Tv的输出端连接补偿单元3。如图9所示,以电源开关管Tv为低电位打开、高电位关闭的开关管为例,在重置时段P1,电源控制信号Sv为低电位,电源开关管Tv打开,电源电压信号VDD为低电位,从而电源开关管Tv的输出端输出低电位的电源电压信号VDD;在补偿时段P2,电源控制信号Sv为仍低电位,电源开关管Tv保持打开,电源电压信号VDD为高电位,从而电源开关管Tv的输出端输出高电位的电源电压信号VDD;在数据写入时段P3,电源控制信号Sv为高电位,电源开关管Tv关闭,从而电源开关管Tv的输出端的电位浮空;在发光时段P4,电源控制信号Sv为低电位,电源开关管Tv打开,从而电源开关管Tv的输出端输出高电位的电源电压信号VDD。当然,电源开关管Tv也可采用低电位关闭、高电位打开的开关管,这种情况下,驱动电源开关管Tv的电源控制信号Sv的时序与前述电源控制信号Sv的时序相反,即仅在数据写入时段P3为低电位,其余时段均为高电位。
上述技术方案中,通过增加一用于控制电源电压信号VDD输入的电源开关管Tv,从而使得电源电压信号VDD的变化状态可以仅为高电位和低电位,减少了电源电压信号VDD的变化状态。
本实施例还提供了一种阵列基板,该阵列基板包括以上各技术方案所提供的像素驱动电路,由于以上各技术方案所提供的像素驱动电路的功耗较低,且驱动方法较简单,因此本实施例所提供的阵列基板也具有低功耗和驱动方法简单的优点。
本实施例还提供了一种显示装置,该显示装置包括上述的阵列基板,该显示装置的功耗低,且驱动方法简单。需要说明的是,本实施例所提供的显示装置可以为液晶面板、电子纸、OLED(Organic Light)Emitting Diode,有机发光二极管)面板、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (2)

1.一种像素驱动电路的驱动方法,其特征在于,所述像素驱动电路包括:重置单元、数据写入单元、补偿单元和发光单元,其中所述补偿单元和所述发光单元的公共端为输出节点;
其中,所述重置单元接收基准控制信号和基准信号;所述数据写入单元接收栅极控制信号和数据信号;所述补偿单元与所述重置单元、所述数据写入单元、所述输出节点连接,所述补偿单元接收电源电压信号;所述发光单元与所述输出节点、电源负极连接;
所述驱动方法包括多个驱动周期,每个所述驱动周期依次包括:
重置时段,向所述重置单元输入基准控制信号和基准信号,使所述重置单元在所述基准控制信号的控制下将所述基准信号输出至所述补偿单元,并向所述补偿单元输入处于低电位的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位重置为重置电位,其中,所述基准信号的电位为基准电位;
补偿时段,向所述重置单元输入所述基准控制信号和所述基准信号,使所述重置单元在所述基准控制信号的控制下将所述基准信号输出至所述补偿单元,并向所述补偿单元输入处于高电位的电源电压信号,将所述输出节点的电位从所述重置电位上拉至第一电位;
数据写入时段,向所述数据写入单元输入栅极控制信号和数据信号,使所述数据写入单元在所述栅极控制信号的控制下将所述数据信号输出至所述补偿单元,并使所述电源电压信号处于浮空状态,将所述输出节点的电位从所述第一电位上拉至第二电位,其中,所述数据信号的电位为数据电位;
发光时段,向所述补偿单元输入处于高电位的电源电压信号,使所述补偿单元在所述处于高电位的电源电压信号的作用下生成一发光驱动信号,利用所述发光驱动信号驱动所述发光单元发光;
其中,在一所述驱动周期内,每一帧所述基准控制信号仅开关一次,每一帧所述栅极控制信号仅开关一次,所述数据信号的电位仅在连续的两帧灰阶发生改变时跳变。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动方法,其特征在于,所述像素驱动电路还包括:与所述补偿单元连接的电源单元,所述电源单元接收电源控制信号和所述电源电压信号;
所述驱动方法还包括:在所述重置时段,所述电源单元在所述电源控制信号的控制下将处于低电位的电源电压信号输出至所述补偿单元;
在所述补偿时段和所述发光时段,所述电源单元在所述电源控制信号的控制下将处于高电位的电源电压信号输出至所述补偿单元;
在所述数据写入时段,所述电源单元在所述电源控制信号的控制下使所述电源电压信号处于浮空状态。
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