CN103700347B - 有机发光二极管的驱动电路 - Google Patents

有机发光二极管的驱动电路 Download PDF

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CN103700347B
CN103700347B CN201410013120.5A CN201410013120A CN103700347B CN 103700347 B CN103700347 B CN 103700347B CN 201410013120 A CN201410013120 A CN 201410013120A CN 103700347 B CN103700347 B CN 103700347B
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light emitting
emitting diode
organic light
film transistor
tft
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CN103700347A (zh
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吴小玲
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Changsha HKC Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201410013120.5A priority Critical patent/CN103700347B/zh
Priority to JP2016558246A priority patent/JP6360906B2/ja
Priority to KR1020167014128A priority patent/KR101841861B1/ko
Priority to GB1607195.3A priority patent/GB2537508B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/071288 priority patent/WO2015103802A1/zh
Priority to US14/348,889 priority patent/US20150379934A1/en
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Abstract

本发明提供一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其包括：第一薄膜晶体管（T1）、第二薄膜晶体管（T2）、第三薄膜晶体管（T3）、第四薄膜晶体管（T4）及第一电容（C1）。本发明有机发光二极管的驱动电路通过在现有的3T1C驱动电路基础上新增加一个第四薄膜晶体管，不仅消除了阈值电压的影响，改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质，而且，使数据信号只在两段电位不同的信号之间切换，有效解决了现有的驱动电路中数据信号在一个周期内需在三段电位不同的信号之间切换而三段电位不同的信号难以实现的问题。

Description

有机发光二极管的驱动电路
技术领域
本发明涉及平面显示领域，尤其涉及一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路。
背景技术
平面显示装置具有机身薄、省电、无辐射等众多优点，得到了广泛的应用。现有的平面显示装置主要包括液晶显示器（Liquid Crystal Display，LCD）及有机电致发光器件（Organic Electroluminescence Device，OELD），也称为有机发光二极管（Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED）。
有机发光二极管具备自发光、高亮度、宽视角、高对比度、可挠曲、低能耗等特性，因此受到广泛的关注，并作为新一代的显示方式，已开始逐渐取代传统液晶显示装置，被广泛应用在手机屏幕、电脑显示器、全彩电视机等领域。有机电致发光器件与传统的液晶显示器不同，其无需背光源，直接在玻璃基板上设置非常薄的有机材料涂层，当有电流通过时，这些有机材料涂层就会发光。
请参阅图1，为现有的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，该驱动电路采用两个薄膜晶体管100、200和一个存储电容300实现，通过在存储电容300充电后施加一控制电压于薄膜晶体管200的栅极，使薄膜晶体管200处于饱和区，由此为有机发光二极管400提供电流并使其发光。该结构的驱动电路虽然结构简单，但由于薄膜晶体管200长时间受到电子的影响，这将影响到薄膜晶体管200的阈值电压Vth（如图2所示），导致薄膜晶体管200的阈值电压漂移，进而会改变有机发光二极管400的电流，使得有机发光二极管400的一致性(uniformity)受到影响，造成有机发光二极管400的工作状态不稳定，显示品质下降。
为了克服上述缺陷，现有另一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路（如图3所示）在原有的2T1C电路基础上新增加了一薄膜晶体管500（该薄膜晶体管500的输入电压始终为低电平Vini），并通过一第二扫描信号控制该薄膜晶体管500，从而控制薄膜晶体管200的栅源极电压Vgs，进而达到补偿薄膜晶体管200的阈值电压Vth的目的。其中，该有机发光二极管的驱动电路的时序图如图4所示，在t1时刻，第一扫描信号及第二扫描信号均由低电平Vgl为高电平Vgh，数据信号为低电平Vini，薄膜晶体管100和薄膜晶体管500均打开，此时，该驱动电路的等效电路如图5A所示，薄膜晶体管200的栅极电压Vg为Vini，薄膜晶体管200的源极电压Vs也为Vini，即薄膜晶体管200的栅源极电压Vgs=Vg-Vs=0，因而该时刻薄膜晶体管200的栅源极电压Vgs小于其阈值电压Vth；在t2时刻，，第一扫描信号仍为高电平Vgh，第二扫描信号由高电平Vgh变为低电平Vgl，薄膜晶体管100打开，薄膜晶体管500关闭，数据信号由低电平Vini变为参考电平Vref，此时，该驱动电路的等效电路如图5B所示，薄膜晶体管200的栅极电压Vg为Vref，薄膜晶体管200的源极电压Vs仍为Vini，此时若令Vini=Vref-Vth，则薄膜晶体管200的栅源极电压Vgs=Vg-Vs=Vth，因电平Vref高于Vini，t2时刻后电容300开始充电；在t3时刻，第一扫描信号仍为高电平Vgh，第二扫描信号仍为低电平Vgl，薄膜晶体管100打开，薄膜晶体管500关闭，数据信号由参考电平Vref变为高电平Vdata，此时，该驱动电路的等效电路如图5C所示，薄膜晶体管200的栅极电压Vg为Vdata，薄膜晶体管200的源极电压Vs为Vref-Vth+△V(t)，其中△V(t)为t2时刻至t3时刻电容300所充的电压，因而，t3时刻薄膜晶体管200的栅源极电压Vgs=Vdata-Vref+Vth-△V(t)；在t4时刻，第一扫描信号由为电平Vgh变为低电平Vgl，第二扫描信号仍为低电平Vgl，薄膜晶体管100和薄膜晶体管500均关闭，此时，该驱动电路的等效电路如图5D所示，电容300的一端直接连接薄膜晶体管200的栅极，薄膜晶体管200的栅极电压发生突变，而电容300两端之间的电压仍为Vdata-Vref+Vth-△V(t)，即薄膜晶体管200的栅源极电压Vgs仍为Vdata-Vref+Vth-△V(t)，此时，该驱动电路中的驱动电流I=(Vgs-Vth)2=(Vdata-Vref-△V(t)2。由该驱动电路的驱动电流表达式可知，驱动电流与阈值电压Vth无关，消除了阈值电压Vth的影响，改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质。
然而，在一个周期内，该驱动电路中的数据信号需在三段电位不同的信号之间切换，而现有的数据信号产生电路很难实现三段电位不同的信号。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路，在现有的3T1C驱动电路基础上新增加一个第四薄膜晶体管，不仅消除了阈值电压的影响，改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质，而且，有效解决了现有的驱动电路中数据信号在一个周期内需在三段电位不同的信号之间切换而三段电位不同的信号难以实现的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路，包括：第一薄膜晶体管、第二薄膜晶体管、第三薄膜晶体管、第四薄膜晶体管及第一电容，所述第一薄膜晶体管具有第一栅极、第一源极及第一漏极，所述第二薄膜晶体管具有第二栅极、第二源极及第二漏极，所述第三薄膜晶体管具有第三栅极、第三源极及第三漏极，所述第四薄膜晶体管具有第四栅极、第四源极及第四漏极，所述第一漏极分别与第二栅极、第三漏极及第一电容的一端电性连接，所述第二源极分别与所述第一电容的另一端及第四漏极电性连接，所述第三源极与第四源极电性连接。
还具有：数据信号输入端、第一扫描信号输入端、第二扫描信号输入端及低电平信号输入端，所述数据信号输入端用于输入数据信号，所述第一扫描信号输入端用于输入第一扫描信号，所述第二扫描信号输入端用于输入第二扫描信号，所述低电平信号输入端用于输入第一低电平信号。
所述数据信号在一个周期内包括两段电位不同的信号，该两段电位不同的信号分别为第一高电平信号及第二低电平信号，所述第一低电平信号低于第二低电平信号。
所述第一栅极与所述第一扫描信号输入端电性连接，所述第一源极与所述数据信号输入端电性连接。
还包括一驱动电源及有机发光二极管，所述有机发光二极管包括阳极、形成于阳极上的有机材料层、及形成于有机材料层上的阴极。
所述第二漏极用于电性连接所述驱动电源，所述第二源极、第四漏极及第一电容的另一端还与所有机发光二极管的阳极电性连接。
所述第三栅极与所述第二扫描信号输入端电性连接，所述第三源极及第四源极还与低电平信号输入端电性连接。
所述第四栅极与所述第二扫描信号输入端电性连接。
所述有机发光二极管的阴极接地。
还包括第二电容，所述第二电容的一端分别与有机发光二极管的阳极、第四漏极、第二源极及第一电容的另一端电性连接，所述第二电容的另一端与有机发光二极管的阴极电性连接。
本发明的有益效果：本发明的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，通过在现有的3T1C驱动电路基础上新增加一个第四薄膜晶体管，不仅消除了阈值电压的影响，改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质，而且，使数据信号只在两段电位不同的信号之间切换，有效解决了现有的驱动电路中数据信号在一个周期内需在三段电位不同的信号之间切换而三段电位不同的信号难以实现的问题。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为现有的有机发光二极管的驱动电路的示意图；
图2为图1中薄膜晶体管200的阈值电压漂移图；
图3为现有另一有机发光二极管的驱动电路的示意图；
图4为图3的驱动电路的时序图；
图5A为图3在图4中t1时刻的等效电路图；
图5B为图3在图4中t2时刻的等效电路图；
图5C为图3在图4中t3时刻的等效电路图；
图5D为图3在图4中t4时刻的等效电路图；
图6为本发明有机发光二极管的驱动电路一较佳实施例的示意图；
图7为图6的驱动电路的时序图；
图8为图6在图7中t1时刻的等效电路图；
图9为图6在图7中t2时刻的等效电路图；
图10为图6在图7中t3时刻的等效电路图；
图11为图6在图7中t4时刻的等效电路图；
图12为本发明有机发光二极管的驱动电路另一较佳实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图6，本发明提供一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路，包括：第一薄膜晶体管T1、第二薄膜晶体管T2、第三薄膜晶体管T3、第四薄膜晶体管T4及第一电容C1，所述第一薄膜晶体管T1具有第一栅极g1、第一源极s1及第一漏极d1，所述第二薄膜晶体管T2具有第二栅极g2、第二源极s2及第二漏极d2，所述第三薄膜晶体管T3具有第三栅极g3、第三源极s3及第三漏极d3，所述第四薄膜晶体管T4具有第四栅极g4、第四源极s4及第四漏极d4，所述第一漏极d1分别与第二栅极g2、第三漏极d3及第一电容C1的一端电性连接，所述第二源极s2分别与所述第一电容C1的另一端及第四漏极d4电性连接，所述第三源极s3与第四源极s4电性连接。
进一步地，该有机发光二极管的驱动电路还具有：数据信号输入端32、第一扫描信号输入端34、第二扫描信号输入端36及低电平信号输入端38，所述数据信号输入端32用于输入数据信号，所述第一扫描信号输入端34用于输入第一扫描信号，所述第二扫描信号输入端36用于输入第二扫描信号，所述低电平信号输入端38用于输入第一低电平信号。
该有机发光二极管的驱动电路还包括一驱动电源40及有机发光二极管30，所述有机发光二极管30包括阳极、形成于阳极上的有机材料层、及形成于有机材料层上的阴极。所述有机发光二极管30的阴极用于接地。
具体地，所述第一栅极g1与所述第一扫描信号输入端34电性连接，所述第一源极s1与所述数据信号输入端32电性连接。所述第二漏极d2用于电性连接所述驱动电源40。所述第二源极s2、第四漏极d4及第一电容C1的另一端还与所有机发光二极管30的阳极电性连接。所述第三栅极g3与所述第二扫描信号输入端36电性连接，所述第三源极s3及第四源极s4还与低电平信号输入端38电性连接。所述第四栅极g4与所述第二扫描信号输入端36电性连接。
请参阅图7，其为本发明有机发光二极管的驱动电路的时序图，并结合参阅图8-11，在本发明中，所述数据信号在一个周期内只包括两段电位不同的信号，容易实现，有效解决了现有的驱动电路中数据信号在一个周期内需由三段电位不同的信号组成而三段电位不同的信号难以实现的问题。所述数据信号包括的两段电位不同的信号分别为第一高电平信号及第二低电平信号，其中，所述第一低电平信号低于第二低电平信号。
具体地，在t1时刻，第一扫描信号为低电平扫描信号Vgl，第一薄膜晶体管T1关闭，第二扫描信号由低电平扫描信号Vgl变为高电平扫描信号Vgh，第三、四模板晶体管T3、T4导通，数据信号为第二低电平信号Vref，此时，图6中的驱动电路的等效电路如图8所示，第二薄膜晶体管T2栅极电压Vg2=Vini，第二薄膜晶体管T2的源极电压Vs2=Vini，即第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅源极电压Vgs=Vg2-Vs2=0，因而该时刻第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅源极电压Vgs小于其阈值电压Vth。
在t2时刻，第一扫描信号由低电平扫描信号Vgl变为高电平扫描信号Vgh，第一薄膜晶体管T1导通，第二扫描信号为低电平扫描信号Vgl，第三、四模板晶体管T3、T4关闭，数据信号仍为第二低电平信号Vref，此时，图6中的驱动电路的等效电路如图9所示，第二薄膜晶体管T2栅极电压Vg2=Vref，第二薄膜晶体管T2的源极电压Vs2=Vini，即第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅源极电压Vgs=Vg2-Vs2=Vref-Vini，若Vini=Vref-Vth，则第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅源极电压Vgs=Vg2-Vs2=Vth，因第二低电平信号Vref高于第一低电平信号Vini，t2时刻后第一电容C1开始充电。
在t3时刻，第一扫描信号为高电平扫描信号Vgh，第一薄膜晶体管T1导通，第二扫描信号为低电平扫描信号Vgl，第三、四模板晶体管T3、T4关闭，数据信号由第二低电平信号Vref切换为高电平信号Vdata，此时，图6中的驱动电路的等效电路如图10所示，第二薄膜晶体管T2栅极电压Vg2=Vdata，经过第一电容C1充电后第二薄膜晶体管T2的源极电压Vs2=Vref-Vth+△V(t)，其中△V(t)为t2时刻至t3时刻第一电容C1所充的电压，即第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅源极电压Vgs=Vg2-Vs2=Vdata-Vref+Vth-△V(t)。
在t4时刻，第一扫描信号由高电平扫描信号Vgh变为低电平扫描信号Vgl，为第一薄膜晶体管T1关闭，第二扫描信号仍为低电平扫描信号Vgl，第三、四模板晶体管T3、T4关闭，此时，图6中的驱动电路的等效电路如图11所示，虽然第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅极电压发生突变，但第一电容C1的一端直接连接第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅极，因电容具有存储功能，即在第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅极电压发生突变的时刻（t4时刻），第一电容C1两端之间的电压仍为Vdata-Vref+Vth-△V(t)，即t4时刻，第二薄膜晶体管T2的栅源极电压Vgs=Vdata-Vref+Vth-△V(t)，此时，该驱动电路中的驱动电流I=(Vgs-Vth)2=(Vdata-Vref-△V(t)2。由该驱动电路的驱动电流表达式可知，驱动电流与阈值电压Vth无关，消除了阈值电压Vth的影响，改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质。
请参阅图12，其为本发明有机发光二极管的驱动电路另一较佳实施例，本实施例与图7所示的驱动电路基本相同，不同之处在于：本实施例在图7的驱动电路基础上新增加了一第二电容C2，所述第二电容C2的一端分别与有机发光二极管30的阳极、第四漏极d4、第二源极s2及第一电容C1的另一端电性连接，所述第二电容C2的另一端与有机发光二极管30的阴极电性连接，该第二电容C2进一步改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质。
综上所述，本发明的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，通过在现有的3T1C驱动电路基础上新增加一个第四薄膜晶体管，不仅消除了阈值电压的影响，改善了有机发光二极管电流的一致性和稳定性，提高了有机发光二极管的显示品质，而且，使数据信号只在两段电位不同的信号之间切换，有效解决了现有的驱动电路中数据信号在一个周期内需在三段电位不同的信号之间切换而三段电位不同的信号难以实现的问题。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，包括：第一薄膜晶体管(T1)、第二薄膜晶体管(T2)、第三薄膜晶体管(T3)、第四薄膜晶体管(T4)及第一电容(C1)，所述第一薄膜晶体管(T1)具有第一栅极(g1)、第一源极(s1)及第一漏极(d1)，所述第二薄膜晶体管(T2)具有第二栅极(g2)、第二源极(s2)及第二漏极(d2)，所述第三薄膜晶体管(T3)具有第三栅极(g3)、第三源极(s3)及第三漏极(d3)，所述第四薄膜晶体管(T4)具有第四栅极(g4)、第四源极(s4)及第四漏极(d4)，所述第一漏极(d1)分别与第二栅极(g2)、第三漏极(d3)及第一电容(C1)的一端电性连接，所述第二源极(s2)分别与所述第一电容(C1)的另一端及第四漏极(d4)电性连接，所述第三源极(s3)与第四源极(s4)电性连接；
其特征在于，还具有：数据信号输入端(32)、第一扫描信号输入端(34)、第二扫描信号输入端(36)及低电平信号输入端(38)，所述数据信号输入端(32)用于输入数据信号，所述第一扫描信号输入端(34)用于输入第一扫描信号，所述第二扫描信号输入端(36)用于输入第二扫描信号，所述低电平信号输入端(38)用于输入第一低电平信号；
所述第三栅极(g3)与所述第二扫描信号输入端(36)电性连接，所述第三源极(s3)及第四源极(s4)还与低电平信号输入端(38)电性连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，所述数据信号在一个周期内包括两段电位不同的信号，该两段电位不同的信号分别为第一高电平信号及第二低电平信号，所述第一低电平信号低于第二低电平信号。
3.如权利要求1所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，所述第一栅极(g1)与所述第一扫描信号输入端(34)电性连接，所述第一源极(s1)与所述数据信号输入端(32)电性连接。
4.如权利要求1所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，还包括一驱动电源(40)及有机发光二极管(30)，所述有机发光二极管(30)包括阳极、形成于阳极上的有机材料层、及形成于有机材料层上的阴极。
5.如权利要求4所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，所述第二漏极(d2)用于电性连接所述驱动电源(40)，所述第二源极(s2)、第四漏极(d4)及第一电容(C1)的另一端还与所述有机发光二极管(30)的阳极电性连接。
6.如权利要求1所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，所述第四栅极(g4)与所述第二扫描信号输入端(36)电性连接。
7.如权利要求4所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，所述有机发光二极管(30)的阴极用于接地。
8.如权利要求7所述的有机发光二极管的驱动电路，其特征在于，还包括第二电容(C2)，所述第二电容(C2)的一端分别与有机发光二极管(30)的阳极、第四漏极(d4)、第二源极(s2)及第一电容(C1)的另一端电性连接，所述第二电容(C2)的另一端与有机发光二极管(30)的阴极电性连接。
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