CN104656063B - 基于斜投影的mimo雷达部分相关波形检测处理方法 - Google Patents

基于斜投影的mimo雷达部分相关波形检测处理方法 Download PDF

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CN104656063B
CN104656063B CN201510059033.8A CN201510059033A CN104656063B CN 104656063 B CN104656063 B CN 104656063B CN 201510059033 A CN201510059033 A CN 201510059033A CN 104656063 B CN104656063 B CN 104656063B
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oblique projection
partial correlation
matrix
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mimo radar
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CN104656063A (zh
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曲毅
李光瑜
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Engineering University of Chinese Peoples Armed Police Force
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/285—Receivers
    • G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G01S7/2923—Extracting wanted echo-signals based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
    • G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/143—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction by vectorial combination of signals derived from differently oriented antennae
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
    • G01S7/352—Receivers
    • G01S7/354—Extracting wanted echo-signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/42—Diversity systems specially adapted for radar

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于斜投影的MIMO雷达部分相关波形检测方法，主要解决MIMO雷达发射和接收部分相关波形的检测处理问题。与传统MIMO雷达采用正交匹配检测不同，本发明采用斜投影匹配检测方法，其主要过程是：发射阵列发射部分相关信号；接收阵列使用斜投影矩阵对接收到的目标回波完成到各个部分相关波形空间上的斜投影；然后对相同空间相位的匹配结果数据合并求平均，合并形成数据矢量，直接用于波束形成和波达方向估计。本发明针对部分相关波形的矢量特点，采用斜投影方法完成对部分相关波形的检测处理，提高了目标检测性能。

Description

基于斜投影的MIMO雷达部分相关波形检测处理方法
技术领域
本发明涉及雷达技术领域，特别涉及多输入多输出雷达接收技术，具体地说是一种多输入多输出雷达接收部分相关波形的处理方法。
背景技术
理想的多输入多输出雷达(MIMO)发射正交信号，但是这些正交波形遇到不同的目标，会有不同的延迟，难以保持正交性。另外，为了保持发射波束具有一定的增益，而又不损失自适应波束形成的自由度，也需要采用发射部分相关波形的方法。然后当接收到这些信号的回波时，如何检测处理以区分不同目标，成为一个关键难题。采用传统匹配滤波器的方式，只能采用复杂的导向矢量来完成波束形成处理，空间相位的排列难以表达，为定量分析和稳健波束形成应用带来困难；此外，导向矢量没有旋转不变性，在进行波达方向估计时，ESPRIT算法失效。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述已有技术的不足，针对部分相关波形的矢量特点，采用斜投影方法完成检测处理，使得处理后的数据可以直接应用波达方向估计和波束形成，以提高目标检测性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的基于斜投影的MIMO雷达部分相关波形匹配处理方法包括如下步骤：
1)MIMO雷达阵列的每个阵元发射部分相关信号(共M个阵元)；
2)每个接收阵元(共N个)使用斜投影矩阵对接收到的目标回波完成到各个部分相关波形空间上的斜投影，得到M×N个数据；
3)将M×N个数据按照空间相位位置排列，相同空间相位位置的数据合并求平均，形成M+N-1维矢量，直接用于波束形成和波达方向估计。
附图说明
图1为本发明数据处理流程图；
图2为本发明数据空间相位位置排列。
具体实施方式
本发明的波束形成方法按如下步骤进行：
步骤1：MIMO雷达阵列的每个阵元发射部分相关信号(共M个阵元)
M个阵元的发射阵列，阵元间隔为雷达工作波长λ的一半，第i个阵元发射部分相关信号fi＝[fi(1)，fi(2)，...，fi(k)，...，fi(K)]T，i＝1，…，M，其中k为发射周期内的离散时间刻，在0到K之间取值，M个信号部分相关。发送信号矩阵为F＝[f1，f2，...，fl，...，fM]
步骤2：斜投影目标回波
N个接收阵元，阵元间隔为雷达工作波长的一半。假定第n个阵元接收信号为xn＝[xn1，xn2，...，xnk，...，xnK]T，n＝1，...，N，k是表示一个发射周期内离散采样时刻。
2a)计算正交投影算子
发射M个信号，形成M个子空间，记为Hi，i＝1，...，M，每个子空间上的正交投影矩阵计算为
Figure BSA0000113841140000021
2b)计算M个子空间的直和空间H的投影矩阵
P＝A(AHA)-1AH
其中A＝[f1，…，fM]是发射数据矩阵。
2c)计算各子空间的正交补空间与H空间的交集空间的正交投影算子
n＝P-Pi
是到
Figure BSA0000113841140000023
的正交投影矩阵。
2d)子空间的斜投影矩阵
各子空间的斜投影矩阵记为Ei(i＝1，2，…，M)
Figure BSA0000113841140000022
其中，I为单位阵，∏i↓j＝∏i∏i+1…∏j
引入符号
Figure BSA0000113841140000031
2e)形成快拍数据
Figure BSA0000113841140000032
其中yi＝[yi1，yi2，…，yiN]为1×N维矢量。
步骤3：合并数据
按照图1所示的空间相位排列，把相同空间相位的快拍采样数据合并求平均，形成M+N-1维数据矢量，应用于常规波束形成和波达方向估计算法。

Claims (1)

1.一种基于斜投影的MIMO雷达部分相关波形检测处理方法，包括如下步骤：
1)MIMO雷达阵列的每个阵元发射一个部分相关信号，所述阵元共M个；
2)每个接收阵元使用斜投影矩阵对接收到的目标回波完成到各个部分相关波形空间上的斜投影，得到M×N个数据，所述接收阵元共N个；
3)将M×N个数据按照空间相位位置排列，对相同空间相位位置的数据合并求平均，形成M+N-1维矢量，直接用于波束形成和波达方向估计；
其中步骤2)所述的斜投影方法，按如下步骤进行：
假定第n个阵元接收信号为xi＝[xi1，xi2，...，xik，...，xiK]T，n＝1，...，N，k是表示一个发射周期内离散采样时刻；
2a)计算正交投影算子
发射M个信号，共有M个子空间，记为Hm，m＝1，...，M，每个子空间上的正交投影矩阵计算为
Figure FSB0000190062260000011
2b)计算M个子空间的直和空间H的投影矩阵
P＝A(AHA)-1AH
其中A＝[f1，…，fM]是发射数据矩阵；
2c)计算各子空间的正交补空间与H空间的交集空间的正交投影算子∏＝P-Pm是到
Figure FSB0000190062260000012
的正交投影矩阵；
2d)子空间的斜投影矩阵
各子空间的投影算子记为Em(m＝1，2，…，M)
Figure FSB0000190062260000013
其中
∏m↓j＝∏m∏m+1…∏j
并引入符号
Figure FSB0000190062260000014
2e)形成快拍数据矩阵
Y＝Em[x1，x2，…，xN]
Y为M×N维矩阵。
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CN101388656A (zh) * 2008-09-19 2009-03-18 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 基于斜投影且无需干扰极化参数的极化滤波方法
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低快拍下单基地MIMO 雷达DOA 估计方法;李晓龙等;《科学技术与工程》;20131130;第13卷(第32期);第9526-9530页 *
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