CN104641897A - Planting method for delayed harvest of kumquats - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for delayed harvest of kumquats. The planting method for the delayed harvest of the kumquats comprises the following steps: planting, nutrient and water management of maiden trees, flower-picking and fruit-thinning, fertilization of a promoting autumn growth fertilizer, promotion of flower bud differentiation, promotion of flower and fruit setting, fertilization of a fruit retention fertilizer, fertilization of a fruit robust fertilizer, pruning and shaping, prevention and treatment of plant diseases and insect pests, application a three-prevention technology and harvesting. With the adoption of the planting method for the delayed harvest of the kumquats, the kumquats can be delayed for 5-6 months to be harvested in one year and the continuous harvesting period is kept for more than 5 months, so that the centralized marketing dilemma of a production area is changed and the production benefits are improved.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of Delayed harvest cumquat

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods, especially a kind of implantation methods of Delayed harvest cumquat.

Background technology

Xingye County cumquat is introduced a fine variety in 2005, within 2009, releases with cumquat brand, integrates project funds and fosters production.Current area has broken through 25000 mu; Cumquat is the fruit tree of early fruiting and high yield, and abound with phase average yield per mu more than 2 tons, gross yield can reach 50,000 tons thus.But because this locality not yet forms terminal market, product is to arrive the wholesale sales of Yulin market for farm products, and average daily batch, less than 5 tons, year only about 1000 tons in batches, causes between output and sales volume and defines huge gap in recent years.

In this case, product is forced to sell to Guigang, Nanning, Guilin, guest, Baise, Liuzhou, even other provinces, and market is still not smooth.Further, affect some orchard management by sluggish sales and relax to some extent, cause output and quality to decline.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of Delayed harvest cumquat, the cumquat that can realize part planting area area postpones to gather for 5 ~ 6 months, and then reverses the centralized sale predicament in producing region, raising productivity effect.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of implantation methods of Delayed harvest cumquat, comprise the following steps:

(1) plant; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(2) rich water quality management is set childhood; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(3) flower is smeared except fruit

First time stays really 4 ~ September then, chemical method is utilized to be aided with manual operation, flowers and fruits at the beginning of summer to autumn are erased, can spray with 15% paclobutrazol 70mg/L+40% ethrel 300mg/L solution when the amount of blooming is larger, the flowers and fruits of fragmentary appearance can be erased by hand, and the same period carries out tree-like rectification and renewal by pruning; Stay fruit after Second Year, because 4 ~ September bears fruit, the flowers and fruits amount that this phase occurs again comparatively I is erased by hand; The spring tip or summer shoot too much also can be extractd by hand;

(4) short autumn growth is executed fertile

First 10 days ~ 15 days of the beginning of autumn opened shallow ridges and executes, and urea 0.25 ~ 0.5kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (nitrogenous 15%, phosphorous 15%, containing potassium 15%) 0.25 ~ 0.75kg are executed in strain;

(5) short flower bud differentiation

Early October, to the mixed liquor 2 times of kumkwat mandarin tree foliage-spray happiness prosperous 2000 ~ 3000 times+fast happy boron 1500 times of+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, every spray in 10 ~ 15 days the 2nd time;

(6) short flower is beared fruit

Control flowering stage late October ~ by the end of November, retain 2 ~ 3 batches of flowers and bear fruit; The flowers and fruits occurred again after December are erased in time;

(7) fruit retention fertilizer is executed

1 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+0.2% urea solution is sprayed at Xie Huahou; First time physiological fallen fruit before 3 ~ 4 days, spray 1 green fragrant prestige No. 2 800 times of liquid;

(8) fruit-promoting fertilizer is executed

Slaking chicken manure 10 ~ 15kg, 15% fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1 ~ 1.5kg, lime 1 ~ 1.5kg or bran fertilizer 2 ~ 2.5kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (nitrogenous 15%, phosphorous 15%, containing potassium 15%) 0.25 ~ 0.5kg is executed in strain in 12 ~ January; Difference according to tree vigo(u)r, output, soil property, the source of manure, investment etc. can suitably adjust;

(9) pruning and shaping; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(10) prevention and elimination of disease and pests; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(11) " three keep away " technology is applied; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(12) gather; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the implantation methods that the invention provides a kind of Delayed harvest cumquat, and the cumquat collecting time that can realize part planting area area is deferred to the 4 ~ September in next year; And in view of the conventional collecting time of cumquat be October ~ March in next year then, the cumquat really achieving subregion area postpones to gather for 5 ~ 6 months, and keep more than 5 months continuous harvest time, thus solve the centralized sale in Xingye County problem, to greatest extent open up a market space, improve productivity effect, add Xingye County cumquat and produce the condition of chasing the deer on the Central Plains with main producing region.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with table 1 and embodiment, the present invention will be further described.

The gather implantation methods of cumquat of a kind of routine of the present invention is as follows:

(1) plant

Ground, well-drained gentle slope or paddy field is selected to do orchard.Use pure nontoxic seedlings, plant before spring tip rudiment after the winter.Line-spacing 3 ~ 4 meters, spacing in the rows 2 ~ 3 meters.Note during plantation launching easypro root, righting mobile jib, rhizome bassets 5 ~ 10 centimetres, return fine earth with root system touches, having peace of mind, make the tree dish of 1 rice diameter and water sufficient normal root water.

(2) rich water quality management is set childhood

Keep ground moistening in 20 days after kind, first time young sprout aging after start to drench fertile, each tip 2 fertilizer, 50 ~ 100 grams, urea is executed in each every strain, within 1 ~ 3 year, raw treelet executes purity nitrogen 100 ~ 400 grams the whole year, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are advisable with 1:0.25:0.3 ~ 0.5, and fertilising increases from less to more year by year.

(3) bearing-age tree fertilising

To produce fruit 100 kilograms per year, execute purity nitrogen 0.6 ~ 0.8 kilogram, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are advisable with 1:0.4:0.8 ~ 1.Main fertilizer practice: the amount of using sufficient fertilizer after fruit picking, Hua Qianfei is based on nitrogen, phosphorus, and steady fruit fertilizer, fruit-promoting fertilizer are based on nitrogen potassium.A production cycle about applies fertilizer 4 times.

(4) pruning and shaping

Be made into center main dry type, fall under avoiding branch softness.By cutting back, prune off, be trained even, the tree-like slightly compact tree crown of branch stalwartness.

(5) flower-promoting and fruit protecting

Utilize the spring tip then to make bearing basal shoot, stay 2 ~ 3 batches of flowers to bear fruit, keep continuous more than 6 months fruit picking phase.Fertilely before the tip to use at the beginning of late Febuary to 3 month, often set each 100 ~ 200 grams of sealing fertilizer, urea.The strong tip is fertile in terminal bud strain sealing fertilizer 100 ~ 250 grams in time cutting.Thank to the every strain of fertilizers for potted flowers and execute the liquid dung 20 ~ 30 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed, add 50 ~ 150 grams, urea; 5 ~ June uses fruit-promoting fertilizer, every strain sealing fertilizer 200 ~ 400 grams, and July ~ August uses fruit-promoting fertilizer, and every strain peanut press pulp 100 ~ 200 grams is macerated liquid dung 15 ~ 50 kilograms of pouring and executed 2 ~ 3 times.

(6) prevention and elimination of disease and pests

Major Diseases has anthracnose, shot hole, Root―rot disease, uses the controls such as large raw M, mould many Mils, metalaxyl, Prochloraz; Major Pests has two spotted spider mite, longicorn, citrus fruit fly, by install light trap, discharge Predatory Mites, property lures the controls such as element, manual catching and killing, high pressure water-vapour spraying.

(7) " three keep away " technology is applied

Main application plastic tunnel, block trammel net etc. reach take shelter from rain, go to a winter resort, anti-bird pest object.

(8) gather in the crops.First maturation is first gathered.According to market or order demand, morning or dusk gather without during dew, and a fruit two is cut, and inner wrapping transports.

The invention provides a kind of implantation methods of Delayed harvest cumquat, comprise the following steps:

(1) plant.To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

(2) rich water quality management is set childhood.To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

(3) flower is smeared except fruit

First time stays really 4 ~ September then, chemical method is utilized to be aided with manual operation, flowers and fruits at the beginning of summer to autumn are erased, can spray with 15% paclobutrazol 70mg/L+40% ethrel 300mg/L solution when the amount of blooming is larger, the flowers and fruits of fragmentary appearance can be erased by hand, and the same period carries out tree-like rectification and renewal by pruning.Stay fruit after Second Year, because 4 ~ September bears fruit, the flowers and fruits amount that this phase occurs again comparatively I is erased by hand.The spring tip or summer shoot too much also can be extractd by hand.

(4) short autumn growth is executed fertile

First 10 days ~ 15 days of the beginning of autumn opened shallow ridges and executes, and urea 0.25 ~ 0.5kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (nitrogenous 15%, phosphorous 15%, containing potassium 15%) 0.25 ~ 0.75kg are executed in strain.

(5) short flower bud differentiation

Early October, to the mixed liquor 2 times of kumkwat mandarin tree foliage-spray happiness prosperous 2000 ~ 3000 times+fast happy boron 1500 times of+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, every spray in 10 ~ 15 days the 2nd time.

(6) short flower is beared fruit

Control flowering stage late October ~ by the end of November, retain 2 ~ 3 batches of flowers and bear fruit.The flowers and fruits occurred again after December are erased in time.

(7) fruit retention fertilizer is executed

1 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+0.2% urea solution is sprayed at Xie Huahou; First time physiological fallen fruit before 3 ~ 4 days, spray 1 green fragrant prestige No. 2 800 times of liquid.

(8) fruit-promoting fertilizer is executed

Slaking chicken manure 10 ~ 15kg, 15% fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1 ~ 1.5kg, lime 1 ~ 1.5kg or bran fertilizer 2 ~ 2.5kg, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (nitrogenous 15%, phosphorous 15%, containing potassium 15%) 0.25 ~ 0.5kg is executed in strain in 12 ~ January.Difference according to tree vigo(u)r, output, soil property, the source of manure, investment etc. can suitably adjust.

(9) pruning and shaping.To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

(10) prevention and elimination of disease and pests.To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

(11) " three keep away " technology is applied.To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

(12) gather.To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.

Table 1 is flowering time and the time to market (TTM) arrangement of Delayed harvest cumquat technology.

The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and can not limit right of the present invention with this and enclose, therefore, the amendment done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims, equivalent variations, improvement etc., still belong to the scope that the present invention is contained.

Claims (1)

1. an implantation methods for Delayed harvest cumquat, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) plant; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(2) rich water quality management is set childhood; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(3) flower is smeared except fruit

First time stays really 4 ~ September then, chemical method is utilized to be aided with manual operation, flowers and fruits at the beginning of summer to autumn are erased, can spray with 15% paclobutrazol 70mg/L+40% ethrel 300mg/L solution when the amount of blooming is larger, the flowers and fruits of fragmentary appearance can be erased by hand, and the same period carries out tree-like rectification and renewal by pruning; Stay fruit after Second Year, because 4 ~ September bears fruit, the flowers and fruits amount that this phase occurs again comparatively I is erased by hand; The spring tip or summer shoot too much also can be extractd by hand;

(4) short autumn growth is executed fertile

First 10 days ~ 15 days of the beginning of autumn opened shallow ridges and executes, and urea 0.25 ~ 0.5kg, composite fertilizer 0.25 ~ 0.75kg are executed in strain;

(5) short flower bud differentiation

Early October, to the mixed liquor 2 times of kumkwat mandarin tree foliage-spray happiness prosperous 2000 ~ 3000 times+fast happy boron 1500 times of+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, every spray in 10 ~ 15 days the 2nd time;

(6) short flower is beared fruit

Control flowering stage late October ~ by the end of November, retain 2 ~ 3 batches of flowers and bear fruit; The flowers and fruits occurred again after December are erased in time;

(7) fruit retention fertilizer is executed

1 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+0.2% urea solution is sprayed at Xie Huahou; First time physiological fallen fruit before 3 ~ 4 days, spray 1 green fragrant prestige No. 2 800 times of liquid;

(8) fruit-promoting fertilizer is executed

Slaking chicken manure 10 ~ 15kg, 15% fused calcium magnesium phosphate 1 ~ 1.5kg, lime 1 ~ 1.5kg or bran fertilizer 2 ~ 2.5kg, composite fertilizer 0.25 ~ 0.5kg is executed in strain in 12 ~ January; Difference according to tree vigo(u)r, output, soil property, the source of manure, investment etc. can suitably adjust;

(9) pruning and shaping; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(10) prevention and elimination of disease and pests; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(11) " three keep away " technology is applied; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine;

(12) gather; To gather cumquat implantation methods with reference to routine.