CN104641048A - Waffle box building technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is about a five (5) and six (6) side prefabricated, prefinished, plug in, insulated or cast-in-place rectangular structural waffle box 27 designed specifically for shelters, buildings or any box-like structures. The invention utilizes a waffle made of thin walls 3 or slabs 4 with a pattern of indentations on all sides called ribs 5. The Type I five (5) side waffle box 27 is installed vertically on top of another while the Type II (6) side waffle box 27 is installed horizontally (with a bonus space created between waffle boxes 27) to form a shelter or building. This invention aims to address the backlog in affordable housing, public or private schools and other building or shelter in any country thru an alternative building system that is lighter but equally stronger, highly resistant to earthquake and hurricane, subsequently cheaper and fast.

Description

Waffle grid casing Building technology

Waffle grid casing (waffle Box) Building technology is the building system of alternative prefabricated or cast-in-place, this system gentlier but firmer equally, to earthquake, typhoon and hurricane, there is high resistance, more cheap and get easily, and this technology is intended to solve the affordable housing of any country, public and private school and other little high level, on the middle and senior level or large high-rise blindage, or the overstocked order in construction work.

Name of the present invention " grid casing " 27 derives from these meaning and terms below.

The casing (noun) defined by Microsoft's electronic encyclopedia dictionary is the object of rectangular shape " square or ", " for the container of object or dry goods ... " " region be surrounded ... ", " small building as blindage ", and " compartment ... "

The same grid (noun) defined by Microsoft's electronic encyclopedia dictionary is " indenture all on both sides with certain pattern " or " as in the waffle iron of pancake ".

In technical term, dividing plate and shear wall are (see APA (The Engineered Wood Association, www.apawood.org), Design/Construction Guide), as here quote, " dividing plate is the flat structure unit that similar dark, Bao Liang works ", " but shear wall is the dividing plate vertically overhang.When a series of this be vertically properly connected with horizontal baffle together with form element of construction time then generate diaphragm structure.When using dividing plate and shear wall in the transverse design of building, this structural system is called as " box system ".

The present invention has the structural formula " grid casing " 27 about prefabricated or cast-in-place, and it is made up of concrete or other material; There is square or rectangular shape, region is defined as blindage or room, have or not there is wing teat 10,10a, 10b, has the window 12b for the formation of blindage or building or the part for other similar structures any of special-purpose, 12c, door 12,12a and the 12d such as stair or elevator punch hole.

In addition, the present invention is prefabricated or the structural formula of cast-in-place " grid " 1,2 (the dividing plates that thin-walled 3 or plate 4 are formed, all there is the pattern of the indenture being called as rib in the two directions) 5,5a, 5b, 5c, 5d " casing " 27 (a series of level and vertical clapboard connect together for being resisted vertically with shear wall, level, torsion and other constuction loads) Building technology, this technology is with compared to planar walls or the lower cost opposing earthquake of plate, typhoon or hurricane.

Grid wall 1 (vertical plane) is combination (Fig. 2 a, 4,5 of thin-walled 3 and rib 5,5a (wall in traditional design and column), 6,25,29,29b), waffle slab 2 (horizontal plane) is thin plate 4, combination (Fig. 1 of rib 5b, 5c (plate in traditional design, beam and/or crossbeam), 3,4,5,6,7,28,27,31,32), grid wall 1 and waffle slab 2 are bonded with each other and are formed grid casing 27.

About the Philippine utility model registration No.2-2001-000254 being entitled as " A Modular Wall Panel for Fence; Housing; or Building Unit " that prior art or on May 19th, 2005 are issued, producer is the Claude Edwin Andrews of Philippine Mandaluyong City, precasting modular panel required by it is laid by level, simultaneously casting concrete between joint.Identical modular panel is laid one by one, and some of them panel has slip feather to realize certain height or length.Please note that panel indenture is strictly round periphery edge in this prior art.

Philippine utility model registration No.2-2001-000254 is effective model and has good contribution to construction industry generally.This grid casing 27 invention limits very concrete thin-walled 3 or plate 4 (sometimes also referred to as epidermis), with a series of indentures (being called as rib 5) (Fig. 2,29) that (not only in edge) in many directions extends.

Grid casing 27 has five (5) individual faces (type i) (Fig. 1,2,3,4,25,26) or six (6) individual faces (Type II) (Figure 27,27a, 28,29,29a, 29b), situation and determining.All faces of grid casing 27 are all designed to structure (vertically, level, the reverses) load carrying building.The shape of grid casing 27 can be square or rectangle.

The shape of rib 5,5a, 5b, 5c (being sometimes referred to as flange or chord member (chord)) is rectangle or trapezoidal with the form of easily removing (Fig. 2,2a, 29,29b).The arrangement mode of rib 5 to 5d can be vertical, level, and diagonal angle is vertical or horizontal.

The size of rib 5,5a, 5b, 5c and girth member thereof and spacing by the subregion of the size in the use of the quantity on floor, structure, room, blindage or building and the domination of other design factor, and are the products of structure design.Strict rib (not having crossing members) design is firm for the load on a direction, and grid 1,2 (vertically, level, diagonal angle, vertical or horizontal component) (Fig. 7,7a, 34) design is firm for the load in both direction.In the same APA design guidance be mentioned, also point out that " dividing plate works in the mode being similar to deep beam or crossbeam, and wherein panel is used as " web ", opposing shearing, and separator edge component performs the function of " flange ", opposing flexural stress.

Rib 5,5a, 5b, 5c is redesigned sometimes for unique or specific purposes.Sleeper beam (corbel) 7,7a, 7b, 7c (Fig. 3,4,5,7,9,10,11,12,13,16,38,39,40) is such as the rib be modified, and optionally will be used for keeping and carrying upper grid casing 27, plate 2 or wall 1.

Rib or sleeper beam 7 to 7d have the hole 15,15a, 15b, 15c, 15d for fixing, lifting and connection.It also have for install or fixing dowel or pin 17,17a (Fig. 9,10,12,13,16,38,39,42), for carrying 14b and the pod 14,14a, 14b, 14c (Fig. 9,10,12,13) for forklift 14c.

Some ribs or sleeper beam 7 have welded plate 16 (Figure 10,12,40,43,44) and welding dihedral plate 16a (Figure 40,43,44), for being attached to each other, to obtain the structural integrity of blindage or building.

And some ribs or sleeper beam 7,7a, 7b, 7c are also provided with lifting cylinder/bolt 13a (Figure 18) for lifting object or lifting bolt 13b (Figure 46).They also to have in installation process for aiming at, better quality control and speed vertically and the target 22 of level and coupling conduit 23.

In the lower part of grid casing 27, it is notch 8 that rib is developed as installing these sleeper beams 7,7a, 7b, 7c, 9 (Fig. 3,4,5,6,17,31,32,45).As sleeper beam 7a, the matching element of 7b, 7c, (Fig. 4,5,7,8,9,11,16,17), notch 8,9 have hole 15,15a, 15b, 15c, 15d, (Fig. 5,7,9,11,16,17,38,39), welded plate 16 (Figure 10,12), with best for the preparation of these grid casings 27 of the integrated structure box system of blindage or building.

Then, the connector of these couplings, similar pod 14,14a, 14b, 14c, dowel or pin 17,17a, welded plate 16, welding dihedral plate 16a, bolt 18,18a, 18b and hole 15b, 15c, be then fixed (Fig. 9,11,16,37), be in the milk (Fig. 9,38), soldered (Figure 40), be tightened (Figure 11,39), sprayed paint or seal 21 (Fig. 9,11,38,39,40) etc., to prevent misalignment and corrosion and to guarantee the structural integrity (Figure 21,37) of blindage or building.

Having the optional feature that specific purposes are called as wing teat 10,10a, 10b (Figure 27,28,29) or gallery 8 or plate 4 is integrally added on the turning of casing.After installing according to the process described in the part below, exceptional space 24 (Figure 21,27a, 36,37) or around grid casing 27 other space receive needed for wall overcover, plate, gallery or balcony or even other living space, and do not need on-the-spot extra assignment.

For window 12b, 12c, the hole of punching of door 12,12a and stair or elevator 12,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d etc. is merged in manufacture process, forms the part for specific purposes of grid casing 27.

Be designed to grid 1, the weight of the structure casing of 2 is lighter than those that utilize traditional planar wall and column or plate and beam or beam design, because between rib 5,5a, 5b, 5c be cavity (Fig. 2,29).The wall 3 or the plate 4 (sometimes also referred to as crust) that connect each rib are thinner generally.In addition, term grid 1,2 (Fig. 2,28) fully illustrates this quality reduced.

The quality be reduced or volume or weight need thinner structural element, comprise ground 26, and less or less steel reinforcement or similar structures, therefore blindage or building more cheap.

Other prior art is worth mentioning, because it is useful for understanding the present invention.

Philippine patents numbers 24939, announce December 26 nineteen ninety, be entitled as " Shelter Components and Stocking Process for Multi-Storey Building ", inventor: Cesar V.Canchela, Quezon City, large Manila city (Metro Manila), Philippine, request protection in project 1, " body with the modular prefabricated reinforced concrete similar rectangular shape of the longitudinal end opened wide ", " this body has flat bottom wall ", " a pair relative flat sidewall ", " a pair isolated outward extending post component ", " supporting member of pair of opposing " and " planar top ".Fig. 1 and 2 of described prior art also illustrates this claim.

The special technique feature with the plane box of the flat surfaces of strap end portion column piece is different from grid casing 27; Grid casing 27 has the thin-walled 3 being called as the indenture of rib 5 to 5d and the plate 4 of the certain pattern of band.

Plane box has column piece, and grid casing 27 does not have.Plane box has smooth wall, and grid casing 27 has the vertical of the certain pattern of band, the thin-walled 3 of level or diagonal ribs 5.Plane box is closed on top board and base plate, and grid casing 27 may close and open wide all right, supposes to be retained for the peripheral sleeper beam 7,7a, 7b, 7c, 7d of the structural integrity of grid casing 27 or notch 8,9 or other rib.Grid casing 27 with the plate 12d opened wide is used to stair well, ventilating shaft, elevator, tube seat, porch or similar, and closed plane box does not have these features.Plane box and grid casing 27 be not in form with identical in appearance.

Research is in addition carried out on http://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/search.jsf, has according to the show even similarity slightly without any result and the present invention.

The grid board slot be such as described below relates to groove.

Http://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf？docld＝WO2005056936&re cNum＝l&maxRec＝l&office＝&prevFilter＝&sortOption＝&queryString＝FP％3A％28waffle+box+concrete％29&tab＝PCTDescription

International application no PCT/AU2004/001728, invention people is Stephen Cordell, is entitled as " Slab Tank ".

Grid casing 27 Building technology is consistent in its object, for provide gentlier but firm on an equal basis, highly resist typhoon, hurricane and earthquake, more cheap, and building method faster, to solve the overstocked order in the affordable housing of any country, public and private school and other blindage or construction work.

Grid casing 27 has on its vertical wall punches opening (Fig. 5,6,30,31,32) for window 12b, 12c and door 12,12a.A door opening 12a (is closed in casting cycle, but can open afterwards) (Fig. 2,25) be positioned at the intermediate span place of longer upright side walls more or less, is specified for sideways room extended use (Figure 22,23,24).This expansion is equivalent to minimum half (1/2) size (Figure 24) of grid casing 27, be equivalent to a grid casing 27 (Figure 23) or be equivalent to maximum two grid casings 27 (Figure 22), more expand selection to allow occupants, user or buyer to have.

Some grid casings 27 (Figure 27 f) have punches opening 12d for plate, for stair well, and ventilating shaft, elevator, tube seat, porch or similar.Opening correspondingly can redesign size, supposes that peripheral sleeper beam or notch or other rib are retained to keep the structural integrity of grid casing 27.

Other grid casing 27 manufactured limited wall or even do not have wall (Figure 27 e) on a front and rear side, to give designer the option for larger window and door.Except this design option, such grid casing 27 is best suited for large-scale production, because free and open end features is the quick of internal construction and is easy to dismounting to have paved road.This also makes grid casing 27 lighter.

In some cases, the location of grid casing 27 vertically can be carried out with other grid casing 27, to keep blindage or building structural integrity in two lateral directions.Such hybrid position requires that some features of grid casing 27 are adaptable.

In addition, these grid casings 27 (not having antetheca or rear wall) (Figure 27 e is being caused because of having removed its antetheca and rear wall, when 27f) lacking necessary side direction framework, structural engineer can the structural member of integrated cast-in-place in system, such as wall, beams etc., have come blindage feasible in structure or building.

The characteristic feature of the grid casing 27 of five (5) individual side type i or six (6) individual side Type II is described in paragraph above.

The grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5) and the grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) have different installation processes.These two process the present invention are claimed.

A. type i grid casing 27 (5 sides, base plate opens wide, and package unit is vertical up and down)

Type i grid casing 27 has five (5) individual sides.Base plate keeps opening wide.This opening is designed to the upper plate of the grid casing 27 being installed to identical type i.They are installed (Figure 20) vertically up and down.

Type i grid casing 27 (Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7) width when in any portion being located in blindage or building is different with in length but identical on height (Figure 26).Type i grid casing 27 is installed in the mode of linearly going forward one by one by from ground 26 or bottom, until these casings arrive the highest platform (Figure 20,21); Therefore, each casing row must have identical width, length and height.User of the present invention can select to have another width with length but highly identical type i grid casing 27 in a certain other parts of blindage or building, but must follow and identical grid casing 27 is installed until it arrives the general rule (Figure 20,21) of the highest platform from ground 26 or bottom.

What in blindage or building, use different type i grid casings 27 is practiced as the flexibility that user provides design.But, advise using identical grid casing 27 in any portion of building, to save the cost of building model and to benefit from the operation of large-scale production.

A series of waffle slab 2 of designing in advance or grid wall 1 (Figure 27 d) must be arranged on around these type i grid casings 27, to complete the structure box system of blindage or building.The detail specifications of standard connector, such as dowel or pin 17 to 17b, bolt 18 to 18b, welded plate 16 and welding dihedral plate 16a are that user can obtain therefrom to select.

B. Type II grid casing 27 (6 sides, package unit is level, has exceptional space 24 between grid casing 27)

Type II grid casing 27 has six (6) individual sides.In all parts of blindage or building, they all have identical width, length and height (Figure 36,37).

Type II grid casing 27 is positioned horizontally, and spaced apart consistent space (Figure 27 a), thus form an exceptional space 24 or room or unit between which.The horizontal range at the center of each thin-walled 3 of grid casing 27 and the center of exceptional space 24 is equal (Figure 36,37).As general rule, the center line of thin-walled 3 from ground 26 (Figure 45) or bottom until the highest platform in line.Type II grid casing 27 has identical length, width and height (Figure 27 b).

At the adjacent next one compared with in the aspect of top, the installation of Type II grid casing 27 must carry out that (Figure 27 a) gradually from the most left or the rightest exceptional space 24 straight top towards the other end.Grid wall 1 and grid wallboard 29 are optionally incorporated into an outer end (Figure 27 c), to complete floor or the aspect of blindage or building.The level of Type II grid casing 27 is installed and is performed repeatedly the described adjacent next one compared with in the aspect of top, until the structure box system of blindage or building is done (Figure 27 a, 36,37).

This horizontal installation process being used for Type II grid casing 27 is used to mean when the individual grid casing 27 of installation " X ", result generates that " 2X " is individual uses casing or space (Figure 36,37), end grid wall 1 and combined type grid wallboard 29 (Figure 36) are introduced in a certain outer end, to complete the structure box system of blindage or building simultaneously.As precast construction system, add the specific process that this level is installed, construction period much shorter compared with the building using traditional approach (post, beam, plate, wall system) to carry out of blindage or building.

(Figure 27 is (two grid casings are facing with each other, have public gallery) a), and the level facing to that a line grid casing 27 of first row is installed and be replaced to suppose user of the present invention to select design middle corridor type blindage or building; Facing to grid casing 27, (Figure 27 a) facing to exceptional space 24 or exceptional space 24 for grid casing 27.Type II grid casing 27 (Figure 27,27b) with the gallery 6 extended is best suited for this design.

Type of service II grid casing 27 saves the cost of building model and enjoys the benefit obtained from the operation of large-scale production.

And prior art mentioned earlier uses similar installation process for gallery-type blindage or building, as Fig. 1 of this invention, one shown in 2,5,6 and 9 (1) are arranged.Same prior art is useful to understanding the present invention, its give way give according to object of the present invention better or the horizontal installation process improved, for by gently a kind of but firm on an equal basis, highly resist typhoon, hurricane and earthquake and subsequently more cheaply and faster optional building system solve the overstocked order in the affordable housing of any country, public and private school and other blindage or construction work.

Philippine patents numbers 24939, in bulletin on December 26 nineteen ninety, is entitled as " Shelter Components and Stocking Process for Multi-Storey Building "; Inventor: Cesar V.Canchela, Quezon City, large Manila city, Philippine, claim is as follows:

Claim 5: " the stacking process of blindage parts according to claim 4; wherein, the anchor bolt that installation blindage parts comprise the multiple isolated downward projection of the base portion office being relatively arranged on described blindage parts above the shoulder segments of two blindage parts is suitable for snugly being installed to the multiple isolated embedded metal pipe of correspondence above the flat sidewall being arranged on described two blindage parts.”

Claim 6: " the stacking process of blindage parts according to claim 4; wherein; install above the shoulder segments of two blindage parts blindage parts also comprise be arranged on described blindage parts contrary flat sidewall on the upright embedded steel pole having angle to bend with metal sheet fastening be in a fixed manner suitable for being fastened to corresponding angle metal sheet with welding, the angle metal sheet of described correspondence by be fastened in a fixed manner embed described blindage parts shoulder segments on the roughly V-arrangement steel pole be connected to each other ".

Claim 5 and 6 is all with Fig. 3 of this invention, and 4,5,6 and 7 support.

Although seem, in plane box (prior art) and grid casing 27 (the present invention) both installation processes, there is similarity, both casing and above contiguous casing between there is space, etc., but between these two technology, there is apparent difference, be summarized as follows:

1. although installation process seems similar, but the prior art in the description and all do not solved by accompanying drawing or illustrate, in the upwards installation process of casing, how stair, elevator, tube seat, ventilating shaft, garbage chute etc. as the vital element of blindage or building are introduced into.At plate or the opening 12d even wall needing these foundation characteristics for holding building or blindage.The present invention makes great efforts the unique solution providing these needs.

What the grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) of the present invention had a similar arrangement as prior art punches opening (Figure 27 f) for stair, elevator etc., but does not need to introduce the wall of any cast-in-place or structure to provide those vital openings of blindage or building.Stair by prefabricated and be arranged in unlimited stair well, and can not need cast-in-place operation.Also be like this for other such as elevator etc. because provided design in advance punch opening 12.

The present invention install or stacking process in included for the vital element as blindage or building stair, elevator, groove etc. punch opening 12d, prior art and the present invention are two different specified features.If those openings manufacture at the scene, cast-in-place operation will affect the theory of large-scale production.

2. although prior art and the present invention are devoted to by means of the stacking of casing or installation process (Figure 27 a of the present invention, 36,37) the overstocked order in the affordable housing of any country or condominium and other construction work is solved, but, as explain in the manual of the prior art and at Fig. 3 of the prior art, 4,5, shown in 6 and 7, the prior art quotes gallery-type blindage or building (single building).Middle corridor type design as feature of the present invention utilizes public gallery or passageway as can residential unit in residential project, or in project for school, utilize public gallery or passageway as classroom, thus maximizes the use in place.

Contemplated by the invention gallery-type design building and middle corridor type design building two kinds.Except the installation of first row grid casing 27 or stacking process, (a), this is in particular middle corridor type blindage or architectural design to Figure 27 also to there is another unique products of installing second row grid casing 27 and process in the present invention.Grid casing 27 has the gallery 6 (Figure 27 b, 36,37) of the extension (or wing teat) as both top board and base plate 4.The extent of the protrusion of gallery 6 is half of the width in passageway.The grid casing 27 (and together with gallery 6) utilizing first row to install, new grid casing 27 will be alternately fitted (Figure 27 a before exceptional space 24,27b, 36), aliging, (Figure 27 a) for the edge of first row and the gallery 6 both second row grid casing 27.At the adjacent next one compared with in the aspect of top, (Figure 27 a) by making the upper gallery 6 of first row grid casing 27 and the lower gallery 6 of second row grid casing 27 converge for the structure generated.This installation process alternately repeats (Figure 27 a, 36) the grid casing 27 before exceptional space 24 and the exceptional space 24 before grid casing 27.Because the upper and lower gallery 6 of grid casing 27 alternately converges, so passageway is done, (Figure 27 a).The width in passageway is the total length (Figure 27 a, 35,42) of these two gallerys converged 6.

Be similar to the aforementioned explanation to Type II grid casing 27, grid wall 3 and combined type grid wallboard 29 (Figure 27 c) are introduced in an outer end, to complete the structure box system of blindage or building.

In above-mentioned difference #2, the application of the invention design middle corridor type high density blindage or building, place is maximized, and this is improvements over the prior art.Cost is more cheap, because communal facility, between the unit faced by the such as cost of passageway, stair or elevator is distributed on.

3. another specific characteristic of the present invention is Setup Type I grid casing 27 (5 sides) (Figure 20,21) vertically up and down.This installation process of type i grid casing 27 is very different from the described stacking process of prior art.

All grid casings 27 are cast in advance at manufacturing site location and are produced in batches, do not have or have in extreme circumstances very small amount of on-the-spot constructions work at the scene.All grid casings 27 are identical (except by except the plate opening 12 punched), so user of the present invention enjoys produce by large-scale production the benefit brought.

Another prior art, Philippine patents numbers 12302, announce on January 16th, 1979, be entitled as " Pre-cast Reinforced Concrete Frame for a Multi-story Building Construction System ", inventor Gregorio C.Concepcion, Quezon City, large Manila city, Philippine, claim is as follows:

" the concrete wall structure used in multistory building building system; comprise the one group of underframe anchoring to ground foundation; make the mutual horizontal alignment of upper horizontal ribs of described underframe; ... be rigidly fixed to the one group of upper frame formed above described one group of underframe and by isolated framework, the vertical rib of described upper frame is alignd vertically with the corresponding vertical rib of underframe ... "

The stacking process of similar framework is prior art describes although above-mentioned, identical with using the aforementioned Philippine patents #24939 of plane box, but there is unique product (grid casing 27) and installation process (except corridor building outside) in the present invention, these technology all making the present invention be different from mentioned prior art comparatively early to contribute.

Design the installation process of blindage or building based on above-mentioned middle corridor type, the invention provides a kind of diverse installation theory.First, secondly middle corridor type theory is alternately installing of the second row grid casing 27 that do not relate to of prior art, and the 3rd is the vertical installation process of type i grid casing 27.

Further, for the Type II grid casing 27 with six (6) individual sides, waffle slab 2 converges with the grid wall 1 forming " Z " notch 9 (Figure 38,39,44,45) in bottom (Figure 38,39,40).Then, the connector of these couplings, such as pod 14,14a, 14b, 14c, dowel or pin 17,17a, welded plate 16, welding dihedral plate 16a, with hole 15b, 15c, as described previously, be fixed (Figure 37,39,40), be in the milk (Figure 38,39), soldered (Figure 40), be tightened (Figure 39), sprayed paint or seal 21 (Figure 37) etc., to prevent misalignment and corrosion and to guarantee the structural integrity (Figure 37) of blindage or building.

Use the present invention, be designed to building or blindage (Figure 36 that every layer has identical room layout, 37) (such as in highrise building, in dormitory, in hotel, in condominium, medium in school) build by easier, faster and more cheap.

Type i grid casing 27 with five (5) individual sides (not having base plate) is installed (Figure 20 up and down, 21), and be alternately fitted above two other grid casings 27 (Figure 36,37) with the Type II grid casing 27 of six (6) individual sides.Grid wall 1, combined type grid wallboard 29 and waffle slab 2 are special grid-like monomeric units (not being manufactured to casing), described grid-like monomeric unit optionally will be integrated in outer end and platform place (Figure 27 c, 36), until the installation of grid casing 27 blindage or building (Figure 37).

The gallery of the individual side of type i five (5) is pre-cast panel 2 (Figure 26) or cast-in-place plate, is all whichsoever economically viable.

The top platform (Figure 20,21) of the building of grid casing 27 is used to be given special attention, to control to leak in the future.Slope and sealant 21 (Figure 42) are necessary (Figure 37) for the roofdeck sealed.

The design (Figure 17,45) of cast-in-place ground 26 is arranged by the height of soil behaviour, building and size, Seismic Zoning and other design parameters.

In the grid casing 27 of arbitrary type, stair well, ventilating shaft, elevator, tube seat etc. (opening 12d provides as required) are kept unlimited (Figure 27 f), are provided for annex or the back log of their specific uses simultaneously.Stair can be precast concrete or steel.

In either case, these grid casings 27 around them, between, form additional space below and above, and do not need cost more costs for vertically support (Figure 20,21,36,37).The present invention, the particularly grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6), form free space (Figure 36 of almost double amount, 37), and do not need more extra operations and cost, except some end space (place of casing can not be installed), will be mounted or construct (Figure 36) these local combined type grid wallboards 29 (" L " shape plate) and grid wall 1.

In detached house, the grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) is arranged, and be spaced apart from each other, some align above, and other be optionally shifted forward or backward (Figure 47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56), so that designer plays creativeness in aesthetic design and specific purposes, specific purposes are balcony such as, stair, loft, lavatory and bathroom etc.Roof is option, but user of the present invention can utilize concrete slab 2 as platform.Wall is specially-made.

The object of the invention is to simplify, reduce or eliminate redundancy, repetitive operation, consumption etc. that many constructing actives of carrying out on the ground bring, comprise material, instrument, the carrying of equipment and workman to move up and down etc. (particularly for highrise building), speed, efficiency, economy and quality that impact is built.Therefore, grid casing 27, comprise its electricity, pipe fitting, cable, phone, internet, alarm, background music pipe etc., wiring and building and other polishing or can carry out by the manufacturing site location outside bottom ground line or scene, thus as pre-assembled, the pre-completed or plug-in type of blindage or building, and namely convert these grid casings 27 with formula unit.

The manufacture of structural formula grid casing 27, no matter be segmentation or entirety, be all handled upside down, lifting, accumulation and actual field or off-site place actual state controlled.The large-scale production of grid casing 27 is carried out at controlled manufacturing site location.

Cast-in-place grid casing 27 when extreme or special or can carry out at the construction field (site).

Jack machinism is made up of the bolt 13b (Figure 18,19) with coupling hook of (Figure 18,19) in Metallic rod 13, cylinder 13a, all Transducers Embedded in Concrete or the pod 14b that is positioned at bottom when forklift equipment.Their frequency, size and grappling are all subject to the impact of structure design result.

Cover ring of the present invention is around target of the present invention, different materials, size and dimension, simple but firm mouth of connecting trough 8,9, hole 15, dowel/pin 17, bolt 18, steel dihedral plate 16a or plate 16, lifting hook 13, or cylinder 13a etc. (Figure 11,12,14), as shown in the figures or to present, target of the present invention is simple, practicality, efficiency, economy, stable and intensity, comprises the design of casing, model, manufacture, lifting, carrying, placement and fixes, to form complete " grid casing 27 " building system.

More particularly, as the structural formula grid casing 27 of prefabricated, pre-completed, plug-in type or insulation, the present invention minimizes material, instrument, manpower from ground to the repeatability carrying of building, lifting, transport (particularly for highrise building), thus, be in controlled job site in ground floor or manufacturing site location, decrease construction cost, improve operating efficiency and maintain product quality.

In the trellised place of shape, the space between rib 5 is formed, and it can be used to keep heat insulation and sound insulation materials, thus the present invention is promoted to the concrete construction technology of insulation.

Except manufacturing the claimed unique products of the present invention and installation process; the present invention also aims to develop a kind of simple, durable, spendable, economic, efficient, functional, light, fast and simple building system; for solving the affordable housing of any country, the overstocked order in public and private school, office, hotel, dormitory, hotel, apartment etc., and the overstocked order in other little high level, on the middle and senior level or large highrise building or blindage engineering.In design of the present invention and actual implementation process, grid casing 27 and this technology some or multiple part integrally adapt to being modified at present and the epoch in the future.

The further research and development of the design and this technology for the material maximizing its benefit and use can be the concrete of any type, steel, shaped steel, plastics, wood, laminate or their combination, and other applicable, more cheap and available constructional materials in the future.

These improvement of stating above become part of the present invention and local content.

For the actual cause at field conditions, engineering size, budget restriction etc. in the future, this technology can change into the building method of cast-in-place, but still uses with direct arrangement up and down or the identical process building grid casing 27 in an alternating fashion.

The present invention covers following:

1. for purposes of living, individual layer or two-layer, stand alone type, many residence types, cover building formula, fan-shaped residence type (quadrant), row house, without elevator or multilayer apartment, Lian Dong house, dormitory, apartment type house, affordable housing or condominium, or various types of blindage.

2. for commercial use, such as office building, hotel, motel, hotel, call center, market, parking space, or various types of blindages of similar applications.

3. for industrial use, such as School Buildings, learning center, day-care center, hospital, clinic, administrative center, or various types of blindages of similar applications.

4. the similar body structure of any type for being arranged by vertical, level or oblique angle, such as bridge, pipeline, caisson, well, tunnel, shaft, or drop on the similar structures in the general principle of large-scale production, economy, speed, intensity etc.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing below will describe and diagram grid casing 27 technology.Although accompanying drawing is sequentially numbered, be divided into two types.Type i describes the grid casing 27 (Fig. 1 to 26) of relevant five (5) individual sides and the Type II description grid casing 27 (Figure 27 to 56) about six (6) individual sides.

The grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5) is desirable for having the house in different size room, blindage or building.The type i grid casing 27 that bottom side is opened wide is installed to top platform by from ground or the above under type of base plane.Blindage or building can use the type i grid casing 27 of different size.But when type of service I grid casing 27, general rule is the grid casing using same size, and is installed to top platform from ground or base plane vertically in the mode of linearly going forward one by one.Then, the type i grid casing 27 (but highly must be identical) of different size can use in the other parts of same building, but installing must be similar, is namely installed to the top platform of same blindage or building from ground or base plane vertically in the mode of linearly going forward one by one.Adjacent waffle slab 2 is designed and the manufactured peripheral space for being installed to around type i grid casing 27.

The grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) uses identical grid casing (width, length is with highly identical) from ground or base plane to top platform, and no matter its position in blindage or building how.Grid casing 27 is positioned horizontally, and has exceptional space 24 between which.These exceptional spaces 24 or unit utilize the wall 1 of these two adjacent grid casings 27 to be formed.Distance between the center line of each thin-walled 3 of grid casing 27 and the center line of exceptional space 24 is equal, thus when another grid casing 27 is placed on above them (above exceptional space 24), sleeper beam 7 can receive and install grid casing 27 below.Repeat this process until blindage or building complete.Basic principle is, at any plane place of blindage or building, institute's own centre line of the thin-walled 3 of all grid casings 27 by from base plane or ground until top platform vertically in line.

End grid wall 30, combined type grid wallboard 29 and waffle slab 2 is placed in outer end or box system sentenced by platform.Figure 36 illustrates these parts.

The grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) has wall 1 in front and back, and wall 1 is with punching opening for door 12 and window 12b, 12c or stair, elevator 12d etc.The grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) for large-scale production, special be desirable for major works or building.The front and rear wall 1 of Type II grid casing 27 opens wide, and the dismounting of internal construction is faster.Owing to there is position (design of architect) that front and back opening 12,12b causes wall 1 to be reduced by rearranging grid casing 27 or being resolved to keep the structural integrity of building by introducing cast-in-place wall or other structural member (design of structural construction teacher) at the strategic area place of building blindage in extreme circumstances.Punching opening or closing and can complete in the casting cycle of grid casing 27 for these cast-in-place structural members on wall 1 or plate 2.Once cast at the scene, namely they become the integral part of this structure.

There is such situation, grid casing 27 has the opening 12,12a, 12b, 12c, 12d punched with the needs of satisfied expection (stair, shaft, observation area is porch such as, or observation elevator etc. for window, door) on nearly all side of grid casing 27.These situations are allowed to, and suppose that general rule comprises sleeper beam 7,8,9 and notch these critical levels and vertical rib stands intact and structural engineer must find space.

A. the grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5); Fig. 1 to 26

Fig. 1 is the plan view of five (5) the individual side waffle slabs 2 with some essential characteristics.

Fig. 2 and 2a shows the plan view of bottom-open side and grid wall 1 and parts thereof, such as wall 3, rib 5, door and window opening 12.Rib 5 is trapezoidal shapes, easily to remove internal construction.

Fig. 3 shows rib 5, window opening 5b, the cross section of sleeper beam 7 and reverse notch 8.Vertical and the horizontal target 22 helping vertical or alignment building in installation process is also show near sleeper beam 7.Also show the coupling conduit 23 helping the lower and upper grid casing 27 of alignment in installation process below.

Fig. 4 shows grid wall 1 and plate 2, rib 5, window opening 12b, the sectional view of sleeper beam 7 and reverse notch 8.Sleeper beam 7 also show the pod 14 for dowel.It is also hole 15b for dowel that reverse notch 8 below shows.

Fig. 5 shows grid wall 1 and plate 2, window and door opening 12, the sectional view of sleeper beam 7 and reverse notch 8.For sleeper beam pod 14 and for reverse notch 15e's and hole for lifting 15d also show.

Fig. 6 is cross section, shows rib 5, window and door opening 12, sleeper beam 7, reverse notch 8 and vertically/horizontal target 22.

Fig. 7 is cross section, shows rib 5, grid wall 1, door opening 12, reverse notch 8 and the hole 15d for lifting.Also show dotted line, show the hole 15 for dowel or pin, vertical and horizontal target 22 and coupling conduit 23.

Fig. 7 a is similar to Fig. 7 but has diagonal ribs 5 feature.

Fig. 8 shows grid wall 1 and plate 2, sleeper beam 7, door and window opening 12, for the longitudinal sectional view in the hole 15 of lifting and dowel or pin.Also show the connection of wall and plate at upper left quarter, also show the connection of sleeper beam 7 and waffle slab 2 on right side.

Fig. 9 is the connection that grid casing 27 arrives grid casing 27 and waffle slab 2.The casing of the individual side of type i five (5) is placed up and down.After alignment grid casing 27, dowel or pin 17 are fixed and are in the milk.Then waffle slab 2 is placed.In the grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5), these waffle slab 2 length around grid casing 27 are different but highly identical with width.These waffle slabs 2 are manufactured separately and are installed.

Figure 10 is the connection of grid casing 27 and landing slab 2.Also show sealant 21, hole 15, dowel or pin 17 and pod 14.

Figure 11 is that bolt connects 18a, as the connection of optional grid casing 27 to grid casing 27.Such connection also can be used as interim connection, because bolt 18 can unclamp and remove.

Figure 12 is the connection of welded plate 16 and/or dowel or pin 17.Plate 16 is soldered so that plate 2 is fixed to sleeper beam 7.Pod 14, hole 15, dowel or pin 17 are the dissimilar connections that can alternately use, so that waffle slab 2 is fixed to sleeper beam 7.

Figure 13 is the connection of grid casing 27 to gallery 6 waffle slab 2.Also show pod 14, the connection of hole 15 and dowel or pin 17.Sealant 21 also shows.

Figure 14 is the connection of waffle slab 2 to waffle slab 2.This is used to connect when two (2) individual waffle slabs 2 converge.

Figure 15 is that grid casing 27 antetheca connects.Show welded plate to be connected with dihedral plate.Pod, hole, dowel or pin connection also can use.

Figure 16 is that end grid wall 30 connects.Apply this to connect when not needing adjacent panels.

Figure 17 is that the connection to grid casing 27 of plate (slab-on-fill) and/or ground 26 is tamped in cast-in-place.

Figure 18 uses the optional jack machinism with the threaded cylinder of the matching screw 13a of buckle.

Figure 19 is another jack machinism of the bar using band coupling hook and eyelet 13.

Figure 20 shows how the grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5) to place up and down and install.Also show adjacent waffle slab 2.Grid casing 27 is identical, but the width of waffle slab 2 may be different with length.Support these waffle slabs 2 around them with their sleeper beam 7 and the identical grid casing 27 of connector.Such grid casing 27 builds for the inhabitation with different room-sized or multistory building is desirable.Here, general rule uses one or more identical casing from ground or base plane to the top platform of building, makes them to install up and down or to place.Waffle slab 2 around type i grid casing 27 is followed.

Figure 21 is the sectional view of the grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5) and the level that completes of waffle slab 2 and vertically installation,

Figure 22 is architectural plan, shows and allows user to equal the side door openings 12a of two rooms or grid casing 27 to side direction expansion.

Figure 23 is architectural plan, shows and allows user to equal the side door openings 12a of a room or grid casing 27 to side direction expansion.

Figure 24 is architectural plan, shows and allows user to equal the side door openings of half room or grid casing 27 to side direction expansion.

Figure 25 is the isometric view of the grid casing 27 of type i 5 sides with window and door opening 12.

Figure 25 a is the isometric view of the type i grid casing with window and door opening 12.Such grid casing 27 is arranged on platform usually.Base plate 2 is unlimited to stair well, tube seat, elevator etc.

Figure 26 shows placement gradually or the installation of the prefabricated grid casing 27 of type i 5 sides and the waffle slab 2 of surrounding thereof.

B. the grid casing of the individual side of Type II six (6), Figure 27 to 56

Figure 27 is the isometric view of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides with wing teat 10 (front and rear wall, gallery),

Figure 27 a shows the isometric view of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides with wing teat (front and rear wall, gallery) 10 of laddering installation.

Figure 27 b is the isometric view of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides with wing teat (front and rear wall, gallery) 10.The installation of each grid casing 27 on any same layer face is the exceptional spaces 24 that are spaced from each other.Installation for the second row grid casing 27 of middle corridor type design building also shows.New grid casing 27 will be placed on above the exceptional space 24 that formed by the grid casing 27 below 2.

Figure 27 c is the isometric view of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides with wing teat (front and rear wall, gallery) 10.Also show combined type grid wallboard 30, waffle slab 2, and grid wall 1.This four (4) individual structural member comprises the structure box system of blindage or building.If need it as stair, ventilating shaft, elevator etc., waffle slab 2 is punched or is kept unlimited.

Figure 27 d is the isometric view of waffle slab 2, grid wall 1.

Figure 27 e is the isometric view of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides with gallery wing teat 10.

Figure 27 f is with gallery wing teat 10, isometric view with the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides of punching opening 12d for stair well.Punching opening 12d for waffle slab 2 can be wider or unlimited according to purposes 100%, if peripheral frame, rib 5, sleeper beam 7, notch 8,9 remain untouched.

Figure 28 is the plan view of the grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6), shows the top waffle slab 2 comprising gallery 10a and some essential characteristics.

Figure 29 shows the plan view of bottom waffle slab 2 and grid wall 1 and part thereof, such as wall 1, rib 5, door and window opening 12.

Figure 29 a shows the bottom waffle slab 2 of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides and the plan view of grid wall 1 and part thereof, such as wall 1, rib 5, door and window opening 12 and gallery wing teat 10a.

Figure 29 B shows the plan view of the grid casing 27 of Type II 6 sides opened wide for stair well 12d.Opening for plate 2 is transformable as required, if level and vertical rib 5 comprise sleeper beam 7 and the intact words of notch 8,9 of surrounding.

Figure 30 is cross section, shows wing teat 10, rib 5, window opening 12, and sleeper beam 7.Also show at the vertical and horizontal target 22 of placing and helping in installation process vertical or alignment building.Also show below at the coupling conduit 23 of placing and helping in installation process the lower and upper grid casing 27 of alignment.

Figure 31 is sectional view, shows grid wall 1, wing teat 10 and plate 2, rib 5, window opening 12, sleeper beam 7 and " Z " notch 9.Also show pod 14 and for dowel or the hole 15 of pin 17 and the hole 15d for prypole.

Figure 32 is sectional view, shows grid wall 1, wing teat 10 and plate 2, window and door opening 12, sleeper beam 7 and " Z " notch 9.Pod for sleeper beam 15 and the hole 15b for " Z " notch and repeated hole 15d also show.

Figure 33 is cross section, shows wing teat 10, rib 5, window and door opening 12, sleeper beam 7 and " Z " notch 9.Vertical and horizontal target 22 and coupling conduit 23 also show.

Figure 34 is cross section, shows gallery 10a, rib 5, grid wall 1, door opening 12a, " Z " notch 9 and a repeated hole 15d.Also be dotted line shows the hole for dowel or pin 15, vertical and horizontal target 22 and coupling conduit 23.

Figure 35 shows gallery 10a, grid wall 1 and plate 2, sleeper beam 7, door and window opening 12, plays the longitudinal sectional view of repeated hole 15d and dowel or pin 17.Also show gallery rib 5.

Figure 36 shows placement or the installation process of the grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6).Grid casing 27 only has a kind of size.First, they are positioned horizontally, and have exceptional space 24 between grid casing 27 simultaneously.The grid wall 1 of grid casing becomes the wall of exceptional space 24.Distance between the center line of each thin-walled 3 of grid casing 27 and the center line of exceptional space 24 is equal.At the adjacent next one compared with in the aspect of top, the casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) is placed in above exceptional space 24.Be installed in and be positioned on the sleeper beam 7 of two the grid casings 27 be arranged on below compared with " Z " notch 9 of the grid casing 27 in the aspect of top.After installation, waffle slab 2 becomes the roof of exceptional space 24.Repeat this installation process, until blindage or building complete.General rule be each thin-walled 3 from ground or base plane until top platform in line.The number of the grid casing 27 installed forms the room or the free space that equal the twice of their number.

There is shown and be placed on outer end or platform in order to complete the end grid wall 30 of grid casing 27 system, combined type grid wallboard 29 and waffle slab 2.

Ground 26 or plate are also designed to " Z " notch 9 being installed to grid casing 27.

Figure 37 comprises end grid wall 30, the level completed of the grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6) of combined type grid wallboard 29 and waffle slab 2 and the cross section of vertically placing or installing.

The free space formed by this technology shown in figure or the number of unit are the twices of the number of grid casing 27 that is manufactured and that install.This technology makes labor cost and construction time save very large number, saves half substantially.

Figure 38 is the connection of grid casing 27 to grid casing 27.The grid casing 27 of six (6) individual sides is placed on the top of exceptional space 24, thus previously installed be positioned at below grid casing 27 sleeper beam 7 on there is " Z " notch 9.There is shown pod 14, the connection of hole 15 and dowel or pin 17.

Figure 39 is that bolt connects 18a, is the connection of optional grid casing 27 to grid casing 27.Such connection can also be used as interim connection, because bolt can unclamp and remove.

Figure 40 shows welded plate and is connected with welding dihedral plate 16.

Figure 41 shows use welded plate/anchor ingot and is connected with the antetheca 3 of welding dihedral plate/anchor ingot 16.

Figure 42 is the connection of waffle slab 2 to waffle slab 2.Use this to connect when two (2) individual waffle slabs 2 converge, in the present case, two (2) individual waffle slabs 2 converge at gallery place.

Figure 43 shows welded plate and is connected with welding dihedral plate 16, shows the connection of grating platform plate 31 and sleeper beam 7.

Figure 44 shows welded plate and is connected with welding dihedral plate 16, shows the connection of end grid wall 30 and sleeper beam 7.

Figure 45 shows cast-in-place plate and ground 26 and prefabricated grid casing 27.

Figure 46 is the optional jack machinism using bolt 13b.

Figure 47 is the ground plan of detached building, shows the grid casing 27 with the alignment of the exceptional space 24 be built in the aspect of ground and the grid casing 27 shifted forward be positioned in the second aspect.Garage, porch, sitting room, dining room, kitchen, stair well, or lavatory and bathroom are built in the aspect of ground.

Figure 48 is the first floor plan of detached building, shows the grid casing 27 with the alignment of the exceptional space 24 being positioned at ground aspect and the grid casing 27 shifted forward being positioned at the second aspect.Bedroom, stair well, family activity district, balcony, lavatory and bathroom are built upon in the second aspect.

Figure 49 is the loft plan view of detached building, show with the alignment of the exceptional space 24 be positioned in the aspect of ground grid casing 27 and be positioned at the grid casing 27 shifted forward in the second aspect and the loft with the roof be positioned on third layer face.Loft is formed by utilizing the upper plate 2 of grid casing 27.Roof is used to cover the exceptional space 24 be positioned in the second aspect and the loft be positioned on third layer face.

Figure 50 shows the sectional view of 3 grid casings 27 and additional the formed loft of 3 exceptional spaces 24.Provide general house space in need, such as sitting room, dining room, kitchen, garage, stair, lavatory and bathroom, balcony, family room etc.

Figure 51 is the ground plan of detached building, shows the grid casing 27 of 2 alignment with 3 exceptional spaces 24 (1 on the ground, and 2 in the second aspect).Garage, sitting room, dining room, kitchen, stair well, or lavatory and bathroom are formed in the aspect of ground.

Figure 52 is the first floor plan of detached building, shows the grid casings 27 of 2 alignment, has and is positioned at 2 exceptional spaces 24 in second floor plane or bedroom.Roof is manufactured for covering this second floor plane.The layout of grid casing 27 is diversified, depends on the idea of architect or the user of technology.

Figure 53 shows the cross section of 3 exceptional spaces 24 of 2 grid casings 27 and formation.Roof covering also shows.

Figure 54 is the ground plan of detached building, shows single grid casing 27, is formed at exceptional space 24 in the aspect of ground and an exceptional space 24 be formed in the second aspect with 2.Garage, sitting room, dining room, kitchen, stair well, or lavatory and bathroom are formed in the aspect of ground.

Figure 55 is the first floor plan of detached building, shows single grid casing 27, is formed at the exceptional space 24 in the second aspect with one.Bedroom and stair well are formed in the second aspect.

Figure 56 shows the cross section of single grid casing 27 and 3 exceptional spaces 24 (2 on the ground, and 1 in the second aspect).All primary elements in house are provided.

Figure 57 is grid casing Building technology code.

Claims (7)

1. a series of thin-walled 3 or plate 4 (prefabricated and/or cast-in-place or molded), at square, the rectangle of formation or triangular lattice (Fig. 7, with rib 5 indenture (Fig. 2 of certain pattern on all sides 7a), 29), thus when being connected (welding, bolt connection, pin joint, monolithic casting and/or other improve one's methods) form the structure box system (Figure 21,37) of blindage or building.The indenture of described certain pattern can be vertical, level, diagonal angle, longitudinal or transverse direction.

2. prefabricated, pre-completed, the plug-in type of the rectangle of five (5) individual or six (6) individual sides or the grid casing 27 of insulation, be divided into type i and Type II.

Type i, have the grid casing 27 of five (5) individual sides, base plate opens wide, and has or do not have wing teat (window, door, gallery, or plate) 10, with for window, door or stair, elevator etc. punch opening 12, with adjacent waffle slab 2 or wall 1, thus, the structure box system of blindage or building is formed when linking together according to the vertical installation process such as explained above (Figure 20,21).

Type II, there is the grid casing 27 of six (6) individual sides, there is or not have wing teat (window, door, gallery, or plate) 10, with punching opening 12 for window, door, stair, elevator etc., thus, when according to the horizontal installation process such as explained above (Figure 27 a, 36,37) the structure box system of blindage or building is formed when linking together.

3. the prefabricated grid casing 27 of the individual side of type i five (5) is installed to the vertical installation process (Figure 20,21) of top platform in vertical linearity mode (up and down install) of going forward one by one from ground or bottom level.These type i prefabricated grid casing 27 becomes the vertical support being positioned at the grid casing 27 above them and the waffle slab around them 2 or grid wall 1.By grid casing 27, the floor compared with below that waffle slab 2 or grid wall 1 are formed or aspect must be first integrated or complete before proceeding to the aspect of the adjacent next one compared with top.Connector cited by utilization, such as bolt 18, welded plate or dihedral plate 16, dowel or pin 17 etc., after being connected to each other (grid casing 27, grid wall 1, and waffle slab 2), namely they become the structure box system of blindage or building.

4. the horizontal installation process of the prefabricated grid casing 27 of the individual side of Type II six (6).These Type II grid casings 27 are arranged to by a flatly spaced apart exceptional space 24, thus form an exceptional space 24 or room or unit (Figure 27 a, 36,37) between which.Horizontal range between the center line of each thin-walled 3 of grid casing 27 and the center line of exceptional space 24 is equal.As general rule, from ground 26 or bottom level to top platform, the center line of the thin-walled 3 of each type i grid casing 27 in line.Type II grid casing 27 has identical length, width and height.

At the adjacent next one compared with in the aspect of top, the installation of Type II grid casing 27 must from the most left or the rightest exceptional space 24 straight top and end towards the opposite carry out (Figure 36).Grid wall 1 and combined type grid wallboard 29 are optionally introduced into an outer end, to complete and stable floor or aspect.Repeat this level and be mounted to the aspect of the adjacent next one compared with top, until the structure box system of blindage or building is done.

If user of the present invention selects design middle corridor type blindage or building (two grid casings 27 are facing with each other), the level so facing to that a line grid casing 27 of first row is installed and should be hocketed; Grid casing 27 facing to exceptional space 24 or exceptional space 24 facing to grid casing 27.Type II grid casing 27 with expansion gallery (wing teat) 10a is best suited for middle corridor type design.

5. comprise pod 14 for the trapezoidal sleeper beam 7 of type i grid casing 27 and reverse notch 8 and for the trapezoidal sleeper beam 7 of Type II grid casing 27 and " Z " notch 9, hole 15, welded plate or welding dihedral plate 16, imbed mechanism, vertically/horizontal target 22 and conduit 23, all these is manufactured for specific purposes, for connecting: dowel 17, bolt 18, or welding 16, for lifting: with the cylinder of bolt, with the bar of eyelet, with the bolt of fork 13, for the pod of forklift, for carrying: locking pod 14, for quality control and Fast Installation: vertically/horizontal target 22 and coupling conduit 23, all these shows in the drawings.

6. lightweight or standard weights type grid casing 27, by all kinds of concrete (standard type or mixed type), plastics, wood or derivatives thereof is lamination wood such as, metal comprises steel plate or it improves product such as preform section, bending section, punch section, aluminium, glass fiber, current or following any of glass applies material, and described lightweight or standard weights type grid casing are for completing or realizing it gentlier but real purpose that is firm on an equal basis, that highly resist earthquake and hurricane, more cheaply and more efficiently alternative blindage or Building technology.

7. for these grid casings 27 as described above and parts thereof being cast, manufacturing, be molded, make and are changed into various scaffold or the model of the used part of the similar body structure of blindage, building or any type.