CN104617896B - Continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers and its design method of a kind of broadband high-efficiency - Google Patents
Continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers and its design method of a kind of broadband high-efficiency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of continuous inverse F classes high efficiency power amplifier and its design method, the power amplifier includes five sections high low impedance transmission line formula input matching circuit, six sections high low impedance transmission line formula output matching circuit, adjustable input feeding network, Broadband emission feeding network.The present invention is based on the improved simple real interpolation matching algorithm with harmonic controling, and the input and output impedance to power amplifier carries out Broadband Matching, realizes the continuous inverse F class efficiency operations in broadband.The design method avoids the shortcoming that the baseplate material dielectric constant in general low pass filter prototype method is limited while efficiency is improved, and realizes the continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers that can apply to more high-k sheet material.The present invention is under high efficiency wideband power amplifer application background, for comprehensive broadband high-efficiency design method demand, with simple in construction, volume compact, the more extensive advantage of applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers and its design method of a kind of broadband high-efficiency, belong to channel radio
Believe technical field.
Background technology
With the fast development of new generation of wireless communication system, the data transfer of higher rate and more rich business tine
The bandwidth of baseband signal is caused to become more and more wider etc. demand, or even the baseband signal in the LTE-Advanced communications in 4G is
Through being up to 100MHz；In addition, the compatibility of plurality of communication schemes and the demand of multiband operation are even more the band to wireless communication system
Width proposes higher requirement.As the important component in wireless communication system, the broadband character of high power amplifier into
To weigh the important indicator of power amplifier properties.
On the other hand, in face of the more rich business demand of content, the data transfer of higher rate and more efficient frequency spectrum are adjusted
The use of technology processed allows the peak-to-average force ratio of transmission signal also being improved constantly while bandwidth increase.In face of with more high peak-to-average power ratio
Transmission signal, power amplifier is in order to avoid Signal Compression and information loss, it has to return back to low power state carry out work
Make.And as the maximum module of power consumption in wireless communication system, the energy consumption of power amplifier can account for whole system
50% even more high, the inefficiency brought by back-off can cause whole wireless communication system efficiency to substantially reduce, and cause
The significant wastage of the energy.Therefore, focus class of the research as current power amplifier field of broadband high-efficiency power amplifier
Topic.
The broadband high-efficiency comprehensive designing method commonly used at present, mainly using low pass filter prototype comprehensive Design side
Method, the ratio of impedance of fundamental frequency real part and 50 Ω first according to obtained by load balance factor determines impedance transformation ratio, according to needed for matching
The fixed percentage bandwidth of bandwidth and centre frequency determines the exponent number of wave filter；Corresponding collection is obtained from low pass filter parameter list
Total parameter low-pass filter circuit；Obtained lumped circuit structure is finely adjusted again, realizes that real number impedance hinders to plural number
Anti- match circuit；It is finally that obtained lumped parameter match circuit is public according to the equivalency transform between lump original paper and transmission line
Formula, realizes lumped circuit to the conversion of distributed transmission lines matching circuit.
However, inventor has found under study for action, it is this from lump original paper to transmission line between equivalent transformation need one
On the premise of fixed, that is, transmission line electrical length≤π/4 after conversion.According to equivalency transform relation：
Wherein L and C represent inductance and capacitance in lumped circuit, ZhAnd ZlIt is expressed as the transmission after conversion
The highest of line and minimum characteristic impedance.β l represent the transmission line electrical length after conversion.Generally, in order to ensure changing it
Transmission line electrical length≤π/4 afterwards, it is desirable to which transmission line highest and the ratio of minimum characteristic impedance will be the bigger the better.
But, if the lump original paper value before conversion is excessive, the transmission line electrical length after conversion is more than π/4, and conversion is closed
System will inequivalence so that mismatch occurs for whole match circuit.The method for the guarantee equivalency transform typically taken all is set
Timing, which is tried one's best, chooses the relatively low sheet material (≤2.2) of dielectric constant, to improve the number of transmission line highest characteristic impedance (most narrow width)
Value.So, in the case where ensureing wide enough transmission line support output current, transmission line narrow enough can be provided
To produce high characteristic impedance.But, although can so ensure the correctness of equivalent transformation to a certain extent, but limit
Low pass filter prototype method can be only applied in relatively low dielectric constant sheet material.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of the continuous of broadband high-efficiency
Inverse F power-like amplifiers and its design method,
Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of broadband high-efficiency, including power amplifier 5, high low impedance transmission line formula
Input matching network 1, high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2, adjustable input feeding network 3 and Broadband emission feedback
Electric network 4；High low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1 includes the first transmission line；High low impedance transmission line formula output
Distribution network 2 includes the second transmission line；
The high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1 includes the second high impedance being linked in sequence in the first transmission line
Transmission line 14, the second low impedance transmission line 13, the first high-impedance transmission line 12, the first low impedance transmission line 11；First open circuit branch
Nodel line 15 is in parallel with the input of the first transmission line；Wherein, the second high-impedance transmission line 14 as the first transmission line input,
First low impedance transmission line 11 as the first transmission line output end；The output end of first transmission line is defeated with power amplifier 5
Enter end connection；
The high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2 includes the 3rd high impedance being linked in sequence in the second transmission line
Transmission line 21, the 3rd low impedance transmission line 22, the 4th high-impedance transmission line 23, the 4th low impedance transmission line 24 and the 5th high impedance
Transmission line 25；Second open circuit minor matters line 26 is in parallel with the output end of the second transmission line；Wherein, the conduct of the 3rd high-impedance transmission line 21
The input of second transmission line, the 5th high-impedance transmission line 25 as the second transmission line output end；The input of second transmission line
End is connected with the output end of power amplifier 5；
It is described it is adjustable input feeding network include resistance 31, the first choke induction 32, adjustable length transmission line 33 with
And N number of shunt capacitance；One end of resistance 31 is connected with the output end of the first transmission line；The other end of resistance 31 passes through the first chokes
Inductance 32 is connected with one end of adjustable length transmission line 33；The other end of adjustable length transmission line 33 respectively with N number of bypass
One end connection of electric capacity, the other end of its N number of shunt capacitance is grounded, N >=4, and N is positive integer；The adjustable length is passed
Defeated line 33 includes output line 331 and the input line 333 being parallel to each other, and a bars are provided between output line 331 and input line 333
The transmission line 332 being parallel to each other, and transmission line 332 is vertical with output line 331；Wherein a is >=2, and a is positive integer；
The Broadband emission feeding network includes the second choke induction 41 and M shunt capacitance；The second chokes electricity
One end of sense 41 is connected between the 3rd high-impedance transmission line 21 and the 3rd low impedance transmission line 22；Second choke induction 41
The one end of the other end respectively with M shunt capacitance is connected, and the other end of its M shunt capacitance is grounded, M >=3, and M is
Positive integer；
The input of first transmission line is the input of continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers, second transmission line
Output end be continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers output end.
Further, the input of first transmission line and the output end of the second transmission line are connected a coupled capacitor
6。
A kind of continuous inverse F power-like amplifier design methods of broadband high-efficiency, comprise the following steps：
1) using the harmonic load pulliung circuit in simulation software, the working band of power amplifier 5 is obtained and three
The input, output-resistor at harmonic wave input, output-resistor and fundamental frequency at harmonic frequency within subfrequency；It is described
Working band includes harmonic frequency and fundamental frequency；
2) by the cut-off frequency parameter f in traditional simple real interpolationeOne group of frequency from low to high is changed to by monodrome to take
It is worth scope, so as to obtain minimum in improved simple real interpolation matching algorithm, the frequency span from low to high
Value is not less than the working frequency of power amplifier, and peak is not more than step 1) in third harmonic frequencies；
Output optimization target values of the output impedance matching networks in simple real interpolation matching algorithm are set first, will be humorous
Output impedance at the fundamental frequency and fundamental frequency of the working band that carrier load pulliung circuit is obtained is loaded into described change
The object function entered in simple real interpolation matching algorithm, the parameter of optimization object function is met the fundamental wave of optimization target values
Output impedance object function Fun_T；Fundamental wave output impedance object function Fun_T is solved again, several are obtained in fundamental wave
The output impedance matching networks of the output optimization target values are met at frequency；
The output impedance at harmonic frequency that the harmonic frequency and load balance factor of working band are obtained brings target letter into
Number, obtains harmonic wave impedance object function Har_T；The output optimization mesh is met at fundamental frequency according to described several
The output impedance matching networks of scale value, calculate the harmonic wave of several output impedance matching networks respectively at harmonic frequency defeated
Go out impedance object function Har_T value；Harmonic wave impedance target is calculated according to harmonic wave impedance target function value Har_T to miss
Difference function Har_Terr value：
Har_Terr=1-Har_T
Several are contrasted to meet at fundamental frequency corresponding to the output impedance matching networks for exporting optimization target values
The size of respective harmonic impedance target error functional value, picks out the minimum pair net of harmonic wave impedance matching error amount
Network, the matching network is high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2；
3) input optimization target values of the input resistant matching network in simple real interpolation matching algorithm are set first, will
Step 1) in the working band that is obtained by load balance factor and fundamental wave, the input impedance of harmonic frequency be loaded into and described improve letter
Object function in easy real interpolation matching algorithm, the parameter of optimization object function is met the fundamental wave input of optimization target values
Impedance object function Fun_T1；Fundamental wave input impedance object function Fun_T1 is solved again, several are obtained in fundamental wave frequency
The input resistant matching network of the input optimization target values is met at rate；
Target letter is brought in the input impedance at harmonic frequency that harmonic frequency and load balance factor in working band is obtained into
Number, obtains harmonic wave input impedance object function Har_T1；The input optimization is met at fundamental frequency according to described several
The input resistant matching network of desired value, calculates several the described harmonic waves of input resistant matching network respectively at harmonic frequency
Input impedance object function Har_T1 value；Harmonic wave input impedance mesh is calculated according to harmonic wave input impedance target function value Har_T1
Mark error function Har_Terr1 value：
Har_Terr1=1-Har_T1
Several are contrasted to meet at fundamental frequency corresponding to the input resistant matching network for inputting optimization target values
The size of respective harmonic impedance target error functional value, picks out the minimum pair net of harmonic wave input resistant matching error amount
Network, the matching network is high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1；
4) by step 2) obtained high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2 is connected with Broadband emission feeding network 4,
Output matching network is enabled to produce open-circuit condition；Step 3) in obtained high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1
It is connected with adjustable input feeding network 3；And by high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2, high low impedance transmission line
Formula input matching network 1 is connected with power amplifier 5, obtains final inverse F power-like amplifiers.
Further, the power amplifier 5 uses GaN high electron mobility pipe.
Beneficial effect：Continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers and its design method for a kind of broadband high-efficiency that the present invention is provided：
1) it is more widely applied：Because used simple real interpolation matching process is using microstrip transmission line to be substantially single
The matching network of member, it is not necessary between undergoing general low pass filter prototype method from lumped parameter original paper to transmission line
Equivalency transform process, so also just be no longer limited by conversion after transmission line electrical length≤π/4 restrictive condition.So setting
Avoid the need for considering further that the factor of sheet material dielectric constant when meter power amplifier, may apply to higher dielectric constant plate
In material.Same peak efficiency reaches more than 80%, and sheet material dielectric constant used in the present invention is 3.5, higher than general low pass filtered
The dielectric constant that ripple device prototype method is used is 2.2 sheet material.
2) high efficiency：Compared to original simple real interpolation matching process, improved simple real interpolation is matched in fundamental wave
Outside add harmonic controling, pass through the control and selection to input and output harmonic impedance so that power amplifier produces efficient
The harmonic impedance type of rate, the present invention is by the way that in second_harmonic generation high impedance, triple-frequency harmonics generation Low ESR causes designed
Power amplifier continuous inverse F types are presented.This is a kind of power amplifier output type of broadband high-efficiency.So that the power of the present invention
Amplifier minimum saturation efficiency in 1.7~2.8GHz bandwidth reaches 60%, and peak value saturation efficiency reaches 80.4%.
3) wide bandwidth：It is compared to general continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers, the power amplifier band designed by the present invention
Wide wider, frequency is also higher, is primarily due to general high efficient design method, it is impossible to control harmonic impedance type, it is impossible to have
Body designs a certain high efficiency power amplifier circuit, and the inverse F classes and continuous inverse F classes designed using Smith circle diagrams, bandwidth
It is unable to reach broader bandwidth.
4) minimize：Compared to the sheet material of low-k, the sheet material of more high-k is calculated according to medium medium wavelength
Formula,λ represents medium wavelength, and f represents working frequency, and μ ε represent the magnetic conductivity and dielectric constant of medium, wherein
Wavelength can be shorter, this also implies that its physical size of same electrical length is smaller.Such design method is more conducive to
Power amplifier Miniaturization Design.
5) design simple：Simple real interpolation matching process be different from the Ω of low pass filter prototype 50 to real impedance value it
Between conversion, it is a kind of from 50 Ω to the matching process complex impedance.And the optimal output impedance one of power amplifier
As be all complex impedance, so simple real interpolation matching process is simpler.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is continuous against F power-like amplifier circuit diagrams for the broadband of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the adjustable schematic diagram of transmission lines in the adjustable input feeding network of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is improved simple real interpolation matching process schematic flow sheet of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the simple real interpolation match circuit schematic diagram of improvement of the invention；
Fig. 5 is internal reference flat current-voltage waveform at the 1.7GHz of the continuous inverse F class mode of operations of realization of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is big signal testing figure of the embodiment in 1.7~2.8GHz；
Fig. 7 is digital pre-distortion fore-and-aft survey result of the embodiment under 2.55GHz, 100MHz modulated signals；
Fig. 8 is the efficiency and adjacent channel leakage power ratio of embodiment under 2.55GHz, 100MHz modulated signals etc.
Modulated signal feature measurement result；
Wherein：The high low impedance transmission line formula input matching networks of 1-, the high low impedance transmission line formula output matching networks of 2-, 3-
Adjustable input feeding network, 4- Broadband emissions feeding network, 5- power amplifiers, 6- coupled capacitors.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of broadband high-efficiency as shown in Figure 1, including：High low impedance transmission line formula is defeated
Enter matching network 1, high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2, adjustable input feeding network 3 and Broadband emission feed
Network 4；High low impedance transmission line formula output matching 2 is by three sections of high-impedance transmission lines and two sections of low impedance transmission lines, additional one
Duan Kailu minor matters line constitutes high low impedance transmission line formula structure；High low impedance transmission line formula input matching is by two sections of low-impedance transmissions
Line, two sections of high-impedance transmission lines, additional one section of open circuit minor matters line constitutes high low impedance transmission line formula structure.Input and output pair net
Network uses improved simple real interpolation comprehensive Design.
High low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1 includes the second high impedance transmission being linked in sequence in the first transmission line
Line 14, the second low impedance transmission line 13, the first high-impedance transmission line 12, the first low impedance transmission line 11；First open circuit minor matters line
15 is in parallel with the input of the first transmission line；The output end of first transmission line and the input of power amplifier are connected；
High low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2 includes the 3rd high impedance transmission being linked in sequence in the second transmission line
Line 21, the 3rd low impedance transmission line 22, the 4th high-impedance transmission line 23, the 4th low impedance transmission line 24 and the transmission of the 5th high impedance
Line 25；Second open circuit minor matters line 26 is in parallel with the output end of the second transmission line；The input and power amplifier of second transmission line
Output end connection；
Adjustable input feeding network includes resistance 31, the first choke induction 32, adjustable length transmission line 33；Resistance 31
One end be connected with the output end of the first transmission line, i.e. one end of the first low impedance transmission line 11, adjustable input feeding network
For feeding；The other end of resistance 31 is connected by the first choke induction 32 with one end of adjustable length transmission line 33；It is adjustable
Save the other end four shunt capacitances in parallel of length transmission line 33；As shown in Fig. 2 adjustable length transmission line 33 has two ends
Mouthful, respectively port 1 and port 2, and corresponding to port 1 be exactly input line 333, corresponding to port 2 is output line
331, and output line 331 and input line 333 be parallel to each other.A bars are provided between output line 331 and input line 333 mutual
Parallel transmission line 332, transmission line 332 is vertical with output line 331；Wherein a is >=2, and a is integer；Adjustable length is passed
The effect of defeated line 33 is the output impedance of regulation input feeding network, and whole continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers are debugged in the later stage
When, input standing wave and gain flatness are adjusted.The transmission line 332 that a bars are parallel to each other is for overlapping input line
331 and output line 333, the transmission line at welding diverse location will produce the transmission line path of different length, play resistance
Anti- adjustment effect.Resistance 31 plays a part of voltage stabilizing.The port 1 of i.e. adjustable transmission line 33 and the phase of the first choke induction 32
Connect, the port 2 of adjustable transmission line 33 be used to welding shunt capacitance in parallel (34,35,36,37).Shunt capacitance (34,35,
36th, some difference connectivity port 2 37), shunt capacitance (34,35,36,37) other end is grounded.
Broadband emission feeding network includes the second choke induction 41 and three shunt capacitances (42,43,44)；Second grips
One end of stream inductance 41 is connected between the 3rd high-impedance transmission line 21 and the 3rd low impedance transmission line 22；Second choke induction
41 other end, three shunt capacitances (42,43,44) in parallel.One end of shunt capacitance (42,43,44) connects the second chokes respectively
Inductance 41, the other end of shunt capacitance (42,43,44) is grounded.Using the second choke induction 41, shunt capacitance in parallel (42,
43rd, 44) structure all produces high input impedance in whole working band, and high low impedance transmission line formula output matching circuit is produced
Raw open-circuit condition.
The input/output terminal of the continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of the broadband high-efficiency of the present invention, which has been connected one, couples electricity
Hold, coupled capacitor 6 is for playing isolated DC, when can so avoid testing to instrument and power amplifier in itself
Damage.
A kind of Broadband Matching design method based on the improved simple real interpolation with harmonic controling, the design method
Comprise the following steps：
1) power amplifier element model is used, using the harmonic load pulliung circuit in ADS simulation softwares, power is obtained
The working band of amplifier 5 and harmonic wave input, output-resistor and fundamental wave at the harmonic frequency within third harmonic frequencies
Input, output-resistor at frequency；
2) by the cut-off frequency parameter f in traditional simple real interpolationeOne group of frequency from low to high is changed to by monodrome to take
It is worth scope, so as to obtain minimum in improved simple real interpolation matching algorithm, the frequency span from low to high
Value is not less than the working frequency of power amplifier, and peak is not more than step 1) in third harmonic frequencies；The working band
Including harmonic frequency and fundamental frequency；
Output optimization target values of the output impedance matching networks in simple real interpolation matching algorithm are set first, will be humorous
Output impedance at the fundamental frequency and fundamental frequency of the working band that carrier load pulliung circuit is obtained is loaded into described change
The object function entered in simple real interpolation matching algorithm, the parameter of optimization object function is met the fundamental wave of optimization target values
Output impedance object function Fun_T；Fundamental wave output impedance object function Fun_T is solved again, several are obtained in fundamental wave
The output impedance matching networks of the output optimization target values are met at frequency；
The output impedance at harmonic frequency that the harmonic frequency and load balance factor of working band are obtained brings target letter into
Number, obtains harmonic wave impedance object function Har_T；The output optimization mesh is met at fundamental frequency according to described several
The output impedance matching networks of scale value, calculate the harmonic wave of several output impedance matching networks respectively at harmonic frequency defeated
Go out impedance object function Har_T value；Harmonic wave impedance target is calculated according to harmonic wave impedance target function value Har_T to miss
Difference function Har_Terr value：
Har_Terr=1-Har_T (2)
Several are contrasted to meet at fundamental frequency corresponding to the output impedance matching networks for exporting optimization target values
The size of respective harmonic impedance target error functional value, picks out the minimum pair net of harmonic wave impedance matching error amount
Network, the matching network is high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2；
3) input optimization target values of the input resistant matching network in simple real interpolation matching algorithm are set first, will
Step 1) in the working band that is obtained by load balance factor and fundamental wave, the input impedance of harmonic frequency be loaded into and described improve letter
Object function in easy real interpolation matching algorithm, the parameter of optimization object function is met the fundamental wave input of optimization target values
Impedance object function Fun_T1；Fundamental wave input impedance object function Fun_T1 is solved again, several are obtained in fundamental wave frequency
The input resistant matching network of the input optimization target values is met at rate；
Target letter is brought in the input impedance at harmonic frequency that harmonic frequency and load balance factor in working band is obtained into
Number, obtains harmonic wave input impedance object function Har_T1；The input optimization is met at fundamental frequency according to described several
The input resistant matching network of desired value, calculates several the described harmonic waves of input resistant matching network respectively at harmonic frequency
Input impedance object function Har_T1 value；Harmonic wave input impedance mesh is calculated according to harmonic wave input impedance target function value Har_T1
Mark error function Har_Terr1 value：
Har_Terr1=1-Har_T1 (3)
Several are contrasted to meet at fundamental frequency corresponding to the input resistant matching network for inputting optimization target values
The size of respective harmonic impedance target error functional value, picks out the minimum pair net of harmonic wave input resistant matching error amount
Network, the matching network is high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1；For step 3) in input matching network carry out
During design, the influence according to source harmonic impedance to whole efficiency can be matched just for impedance of fundamental frequency.
4) by step 2) obtained high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2 is connected with Broadband emission feeding network 4,
Output matching network is enabled to produce open-circuit condition；Step 3) in obtained high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1
It is connected with adjustable input feeding network 3；And by high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2, high low impedance transmission line
Formula input matching network 1 is connected with power amplifier 5, obtains final inverse F power-like amplifiers.
By step 2) and step 3) in obtained input and output matching network combined with feeding network and constitute complete input
Output matching network, and the input and output feeding network with feeding network is connected to before and after existing device model carry out it is whole
Body is emulated, and obtained input and output network is further optimized so that designed power amplifier is in whole work frequency
Band is interior to have best characteristic.For output feeding network, the second choke induction inductance 41 of series connection, shunt capacitance in parallel are used
(42,43,44) structure all produces high input impedance in the whole working band of power amplifier, and output matching network is produced
Open-circuit condition, for input feeding network, uses the choke induction 32 of series voltage stabilizing resistance 31 and first, adjustable length transmission line
33, and shunt capacitance (34,35,36,37) structure in parallel realizes that broadband inputs feeding network.In Broadband emission feeding network
Shunt capacitance (42,43,44) is played in circuit with the shunt capacitance (34,35,36,37) in adjustable input feeding network
Good bypass and the effect of filtering.
An embodiment is set forth below：
Designing power amplifier working frequency range in the present embodiment is 1.7~2.8GHz, and power amplifier 5 used is nitridation
Gallium high electron mobility pipe (GaN HEMT) CGH40010F.It is 3.5 used here as dielectric constant, thickness comes for 30mil sheet material
Carry out.Design obtains fundamental wave output impedance of the power amplifier pipe in 1.7~2.8GHz in 9.6+j* using ADS simulation softwares
Changed near 10.6 Ω.In order to obtain efficient inverse F class working conditions, output second harmonic is set as-j*199 through emulation
Ω, is presented high impedance status, and triple-frequency harmonics is set as-j*36 Ω, and small impedance short-circuit condition is presented.Bring these impedances into improvement
Simple real interpolation matching algorithm in, set cut-off frequency parameter feExcursion be 0.6~6.6GHz, output impedance
Output optimization target values theoretical maximum of the distribution network in simple real interpolation matching algorithm is 1, is taken here in 0.8, algorithm
Exponent number k be set to 6, TL1, TL2, TL3, TL4, TL5, TL6 represent 6 sections of impedance transmission lines, and every section of micro-strip line length is
6.15mm.Output matching circuit parameter such as table 1 is obtained, circuit structure is as shown in Figure 4：
Table 1 improves simple real interpolation matching algorithm fe
Input matching network is identical with output matching network design method, is also matched using 6 sections of impedance transmission lines.
The input and output matching network obtained using improved simple real interpolation matching process will also be connected with input and output feeding network
Connect.In the present embodiment, it is adjustable input feeding network in the value of 31 and first choke induction of resistance 32 be respectively 100 Ω and
22nH, shunt capacitance value (34,35,36,37) respectively is 18pF, 39pF, 100pF, and 33000pF, Broadband emission feedback
The second choke induction 41 is taken as 12nH in electric network, and shunt capacitance value (42,43,44) respectively is 7.5pF, 82pF and
100pF。
Input and output matching network (the improved simple real interpolation that improved simple real interpolation matching process is obtained
The input network that matching process is obtained is high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network 1, improved simple real interpolation
The output network that method of completing the square is obtained is high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network 2) be connected with power amplifier progress it is excellent
Change, adjustment causes power amplifier to have best working characteristics in 1.7~2.8GHz frequency ranges.After optimized process, output
The 6th section of transmission line in matching network, because be closer to 50 ohm, and because simple real interpolation and general wave filter
Design method uses low pass filter concept, and final stage transmission line can regard the capacitive effect in LC low pass filters as,
So this section of microstrip line is replaced with the open circuit minor matters line acted on capacitive.And in input matching network adjustment, in order to
Broadband Matching is realized, and ensures the gain flatness in whole band, original first paragraph high impedance microstrip line is removed, left behind
5 sections of microstrip transmission lines realize matching.The broadband that final optimization pass is obtained is against F class high efficiency power amplifier circuit structures such as Fig. 1
Shown, finally the dimension of microstrip line in the first transmission line in input matching network is table 1：
Table 1：Dimension of microstrip line in first transmission line
Finally the dimension of microstrip line in the second transmission line in output matching network is table 2：
Table 2：Dimension of microstrip line in second transmission line
Fig. 5 is that obtained current-voltage waveform curve is emulated from power amplifier internal reference plane, it can be seen that voltage
Waveform dotted line is in approximate semisinusoidal waveform, and the square-wave waveform of gradual change is presented in current waveform solid line.Internal reference plane is obtained
Current-voltage waveform figure all indicates the continuous inverse F class job categories of designed power amplifier, the design side from side illustration
Dotted line in the validity of method, wherein figure represents voltage, and solid line represents electric current.
Fig. 6 is that in big signal, (big signal is tone signal in output to the continuous inverse F classes high efficiency power amplifier of example of the present invention
Power be more than more than 30dbm) under test result, including its gain, power output and drain efficiency test result.Survey
The big signal gain obtained is 14.4~15.3dB, and saturation power is in 40.2~42.9dBm, more than specified 10W power, peak power
Close to 20W, much larger than power tube rated output power, it was demonstrated that the validity of matching process.Imitated in 1.7~2.8GHz drain electrode
Rate is 60.3%~80.4%, and wherein peak efficiencies, in 2GHz, are the continuous inverse F class high efficiency work(of frequency highest known today
Rate amplifier.Secondly, peak efficiency reaches more than 80%, and the efficiency of highest 83% provided with document two is approached, but use
Sheet material is the sheet material that the dielectric constant higher than its is 3.5, and working frequency is higher by than the 2.35GHz that document is provided
450MHz。
Document two：《Design of broadband highly efficient harmonic-tuned power
amplifier using in-band continuous Class-F/F mode-transferring》Kenle Chen,
Dimitrios Peroulis write, IEEE Transaction Microwave Theory Technique magazines volume 60, the
Page 12,4107-4116, in December, 2012.
To verify the practical situations of the continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of example of the present invention in a communications system, we make
With 100MHz LTE-Advanced (long term evolution advanced) Broad-band Modulated Signals to continuous inverse F class work(
Rate amplifier enters row energization, and carries out digital pre-distortion correction to it.Fig. 7 provides it in agreement frequency range 2.55GHz, power output
In 32.1dBm, efficiency 30.5%, the power spectral density test result before and after digital pre-distortion.It is continuous inverse by digital pre-distortion
The adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR) of F power-like amplifiers is improved to -46.4/-46.0dBc from -35.9/-34.0dBc.
According to LTE-Advanced consensus standards, it is desirable to which the linearisation result after digital pre-distortion wants≤- 45dBc.As can be seen that setting
The continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of meter are complied fully with and better than communication standard.Continuous inverse F classes simultaneously for example of the present invention are high
Characteristic of the efficiency power amplifier under modulated signal is also measured, and obtains result as shown in figure 8, used be still
100MHz Broad-band Modulated Signals, measure power amplifier output power from small to large, efficiency and left and right side under modulated signal
The adjacent channel leakage power ratio of band.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of broadband high-efficiency, it is characterised in that：Including power amplifier (5), high low-resistance
Anti- transmission wire type input matching network (1), high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network (2), adjustable input feeding network
And Broadband emission feeding network (4) (3)；High low impedance transmission line formula input matching network (1) includes the first transmission line；It is high
Low-impedance transmission wire type output matching network (2) includes the second transmission line；
The second high impedance that the high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network (1) includes being linked in sequence in the first transmission line is passed
Defeated line (14), the second low impedance transmission line (13), the first high-impedance transmission line (12), the first low impedance transmission line (11)；First
Minor matters line (15) of opening a way is in parallel with the input of the first transmission line；Wherein, the second high-impedance transmission line (14) is used as the first transmission
The input of line, the first low impedance transmission line (11) as the first transmission line output end；The output end and work(of first transmission line
The input connection of rate amplifier (5)；
The 3rd high impedance that the high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network (2) includes being linked in sequence in the second transmission line is passed
Defeated line (21), the 3rd low impedance transmission line (22), the 4th high-impedance transmission line (23), the 4th low impedance transmission line (24) and the 5th
High-impedance transmission line (25)；Second open circuit minor matters line (26) is in parallel with the output end of the second transmission line；Wherein, the 3rd high impedance is passed
Defeated line (21) as the second transmission line input, the 5th high-impedance transmission line (25) as the second transmission line output end；The
The input of two transmission lines is connected with the output end of power amplifier (5)；
The adjustable input feeding network includes resistance (31), the first choke induction (32), adjustable length transmission line (33)
And N number of shunt capacitance；One end of resistance (31) is connected with the output end of the first transmission line；The other end of resistance (31) passes through
One choke induction (32) is connected with one end of adjustable length transmission line (33)；The other end of adjustable length transmission line (33) point
One end not with N number of shunt capacitance is connected, and the other end of its N number of shunt capacitance is grounded, N >=4, and N is positive integer；It is described can
Adjustment length transmission line (33) includes output line (331) and the input line (333) being parallel to each other, in output line (331) and input
The transmission line (332) that a bars are parallel to each other is provided between line (333), and transmission line (332) is vertical with output line (331)；Its
Middle a is >=2, and a is positive integer；
The Broadband emission feeding network includes the second choke induction (41) and M shunt capacitance；Second choke induction
(41) one end is connected between the 3rd high-impedance transmission line (21) and the 3rd low impedance transmission line (22)；Second choke induction
(41) one end of the other end respectively with M shunt capacitance is connected, and the other end of its M shunt capacitance is grounded, M >=3,
And M is positive integer；
The input of first transmission line is the input of continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers, second transmission line it is defeated
Go out the output end that end is continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers.
2. a kind of broadband high-efficiency is continuous against F power-like amplifiers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
The output end of the input of one transmission line and the second transmission line is connected a coupled capacitor (6).
3. a kind of continuous inverse F power-like amplifiers of broadband high-efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Power amplifier (5) uses GaN high electron mobility pipe.
4. the continuous inverse F power-like amplifier design methods of a kind of broadband high-efficiency, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) using the harmonic load pulliung circuit in simulation software, the working band of power amplifier (5) is obtained and at three times
The input, output-resistor at harmonic wave input, output-resistor and fundamental frequency at harmonic frequency within harmonic frequency；The work
Making frequency band includes harmonic frequency and fundamental frequency；
2) by the cut-off frequency parameter f in traditional simple real interpolationeOne group of frequency value model from low to high is changed to by monodrome
Enclose, so as to obtain minimum in improved simple real interpolation matching algorithm, the frequency span from low to high not
Less than the lowest frequency value in the working band of power amplifier, peak is not more than step 1) in third harmonic frequencies；
Output optimization target values of the output impedance matching networks in simple real interpolation matching algorithm are set first, harmonic wave is born
Carry the output impedance at the fundamental frequency and fundamental frequency for the working band that pulliung circuit is obtained and be loaded into described improvement letter
Object function in easy real interpolation matching algorithm, the parameter of optimization object function is met the fundamental wave output of optimization target values
Impedance object function Fun_T；Fundamental wave output impedance object function Fun_T is solved again, several are obtained in fundamental frequency
Place meets the output impedance matching networks of the output optimization target values；
The output impedance at harmonic frequency that the harmonic frequency and load balance factor of working band are obtained brings object function into, obtains
To harmonic wave impedance object function Har_T；The output optimization target values are met at fundamental frequency according to described several
Output impedance matching networks, calculate harmonic wave resistance of several the described output impedance matching networks respectively at harmonic frequency
Anti- object function Har_T value；Harmonic wave impedance target error letter is calculated according to harmonic wave impedance target function value Har_T
Number Har_Terr value：
Har_Terr=1-Har_T
Several are contrasted to meet at fundamental frequency corresponding to the output impedance matching networks for exporting optimization target values each
Harmonic impedance target error functional value size, pick out the minimum matching network of harmonic wave impedance matching error amount, should
Matching network is high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network (2)；
3) input optimization target values of the input resistant matching network in simple real interpolation matching algorithm are set first, by step
1) working band and fundamental wave that are obtained in by load balance factor, the input impedance of harmonic frequency, which are loaded into, described improves simple real
Object function in frequency technology matching algorithm, the parameter of optimization object function is met the fundamental wave input impedance of optimization target values
Object function Fun_T1；Fundamental wave input impedance object function Fun_T1 is solved again, several are obtained at fundamental frequency
Meet the input resistant matching network of the input optimization target values；
Object function is brought in the input impedance at harmonic frequency that harmonic frequency and load balance factor in working band is obtained into, is obtained
To harmonic wave input impedance object function Har_T1；The input optimization target values are met at fundamental frequency according to described several
Input resistant matching network, calculate harmonic wave input resistance of several the described input resistant matching networks respectively at harmonic frequency
Anti- object function Har_T1 value；Harmonic wave input impedance target error is calculated according to harmonic wave input impedance target function value Har_T1
Function Har_Terr1 value：
Har_Terr1=1-Har_T1
Several are contrasted to meet at fundamental frequency corresponding to the input resistant matching network for inputting optimization target values each
Harmonic impedance target error functional value size, pick out the minimum matching network of harmonic wave input resistant matching error amount, should
Matching network is high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network (1)；
4) by step 2) obtained high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network (2) is connected with Broadband emission feeding network (4),
Output matching network is enabled to produce open-circuit condition；Step 3) in obtained high low impedance transmission line formula input matching network
(1) it is connected with adjustable input feeding network (3)；And by high low impedance transmission line formula output matching network (2), high Low ESR
Transmission wire type input matching network (1) is connected with power amplifier (5), obtains final inverse F power-like amplifiers.
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| CN106208972B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-07-17 | 深圳市华讯方舟微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of the harmonic power amplifying circuit and radio-frequency power amplifier in the high broadband of high efficiency |
| CN108736832B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2024-04-26 | 天津大学（青岛）海洋工程研究院有限公司 | Novel high-efficiency inverse F-class power amplifier multiple harmonic matching circuit |
| CN207124611U (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-03-20 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Two-wire is against F power-like amplifiers |
| CN107547057A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2018-01-05 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Inverse F power-like amplifiers based on double structure |
| CN108052733A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南时变通讯科技有限公司 | A kind of circuit design method and device |
| CN108683411B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2023-10-27 | 成都嘉纳海威科技有限责任公司 | High-efficiency continuous F-type power amplifier based on transistor stacking technology |
| US10666207B1 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-26 | Cree, Inc. | Broadband harmonic matching network using low-pass type broadband matching |
| CN109660210B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2023-01-13 | 天津大学 | Harmonic injection theory suitable for inverse class-F high-efficiency power amplifier |
| CN110048682A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-23 | 杭州电子科技大学富阳电子信息研究院有限公司 | A kind of broadband continuous type power amplifier and design method based on multiple stage secondary harmonic controling |
| CN110222414B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2023-03-24 | 杭州电子科技大学温州研究院有限公司 | Method for improving power of CPT transmission circuit |
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