CN104609490B - Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules - Google Patents
Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules Download PDFInfo
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- CN104609490B CN104609490B CN201510064334.XA CN201510064334A CN104609490B CN 104609490 B CN104609490 B CN 104609490B CN 201510064334 A CN201510064334 A CN 201510064334A CN 104609490 B CN104609490 B CN 104609490B
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- sea water
- tank
- phase
- flash
- change microcapsule
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and a vacuum flash type sea water desalination system utilizing phase change microcapsules, belonging to the technical field of sea water desalination. The system disclosed by the invention comprises a seawater tank, a flash tank and a condenser, wherein the phase change microcapsules are arranged in the sea water tank and/or the flash tank and are dispersed or suspended in the sea water; a heating device is arranged in the sea water tank; the sea water enters the flash tank for flashing from the sea water tank by virtue of a sea water pump; the flash steam is condensed into fresh water in the condenser so as to be discharged by virtue of the flash tank; the residual flashed sea water returns into the sea water tank by virtue of a circulating pump; a water supplementing port is formed in the sea water tank; and in the treatment process, the phase change microcapsules circulate between the sea water tank and the flash tank along with the sea water. According to the system and the method disclosed by the invention, the amount of the vaporized sea water can be greatly improved, the speed of releasing phase change latent heat is greatly improved, the single-stage water production capacity of the device is improved, the device stage number is reduced, and the primary cost of the device and the water production cost are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sea water desalting technology is and in particular to a kind of vacuum flashing formula sea water of utilization phase-change microcapsule
Desalination method and system.
Background technology
Increase with population and economic fast development, the mankind persistently increase to the demand of fresh water.Many states in the world
Family and area all suffer from water resources crisis.China is vast in territory, freshwater resources skewness, especially with the north and island ground
Area, freshwater resources famine, water deficit reaches more than 400 billion cubic meters every year for many years.Light in tellurian gross amount of water resources
Water only accounts for 2.5%, and sea water accounts for 97.5%, and therefore in a sense, sea water is only inexhaustible main water
Source.Under freshwater resources severe situation in short supply, exploitation and using of seawater, carry out desalinization become solution freshwater resources in short supply
Article one, effective method.
Desalination technology is to separate the salinity in sea water with moisture, the technology finally giving fresh water and concentrating saline.
According to desalination processes, desalination technology mainly has three major types: i.e. full-boiled process, embrane method and chemical method.Full-boiled process desalination technology
The predominantly way of distillation, including multistage flash evaporation and multiple-effect evaporation technology.Multiple-effect evaporation be by previous evaporator evaporation out two
Secondary steam is introduced into next vaporizer and coagulates for distilled water as heating steam and in next vaporizer, so carries out successively.
Multiple-effect evaporation more stages flash distillation application is early, but due to the problems such as fouling and corrosion, after replaced by multistage flash evaporation.
Multistage flash evaporation, hot sea water flows into the flash distillation interior that vacuum is incremented by step by step, because ocean temperature is higher than flash distillation intraventricular pressure
Corresponding saturation temperature under power, Absorption by Sea Water itself sensible heat and part explosive evaporation, until remaining ocean temperature drop to corresponding to
Till the saturation temperature of flash distillation chamber pressure.Due to water sensible heat (4.2kj/kg.k) with respect to vapor latent heat (2200kj/
Kg.k) very little, therefore device single-stage make that water efficiency is very low, the series of device is often a lot, and apparatus structure is very big, and cost is relatively
Height, makes water cost also higher.
Content of the invention
The present invention makes for existing flash distillation seawater desalinization device unit set forth above that water efficiency is low, apparatus cost is high and makes
The problem of water high cost, and a kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system of research design utilization phase-change microcapsule and method.This
The technological means that invention adopts are as follows:
A kind of vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater of utilization phase-change microcapsule, comprises the following steps:
1. add phase-change microcapsule in the sea water treat flash distillation；
2. will treat that the heating of seawater of flash distillation to 30～100 DEG C and sends into flash tank and carry out flash distillation；
3. by step, 2. the remaining sea water of flash distillation and microcapsule are mixed with new sea water, are heated to 30～100 DEG C and enter
Row flash distillation, and repeat this step.
Further, the liquid level of described flash tank maritime interior waters controls the 1/15～1/10 of flash tank height.
A kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system of utilization phase-change microcapsule, including sea water tank, flash tank and condenser,
It is provided with phase-change microcapsule, phase-change microcapsule disperses or is suspended in sea water, described sea water tank in described sea water tank and/or flash tank
In be provided with heater, sea water from sea water tank by sea water pump enter flash tank carry out flash distillation, flash-off steam is entered by flash tank
Condenser condensation becomes fresh water and discharges, and the remaining sea water of flash distillation is back to sea water tank by circulating pump, and described sea water tank is provided with
Water supplement port, in processing procedure, phase-change microcapsule is circulated between sea water tank and flash tank with sea water.
Further, form cooling water circulation, described cooling between described condenser and cooling water tank by cooling water pump
The low-temperature receiver of water is handpiece Water Chilling Units.
Further, it is provided with effusion meter and pressure gauge, described effusion meter and sea water pump between described sea water pump and flash tank
Between be provided with control valve, the pipeline between described control valve and sea water pump is connected with sea water tank by control valve.
Further, the water outlet of described condenser is connected with fresh-water tank, and described fresh water upper box part is connected with vacuum pump.
Further, the mean diameter of described phase-change microcapsule is 0.1～1000 μm.
Further, the cyst wall of phase-change microcapsule is made up of inert material.
Further, the cyst material of described phase-change microcapsule is tripolycyanamide, melamine resin, Lauxite, methylbenzene
One of olefin(e) acid ester, silicon dioxide and polyureas or two or more combinations, preferably melamine resin；In described phase-change microcapsule
Phase-change material is one of paraffin, crystalline hydrate salt, paraffin hydrocarbon, polyethers, polyester and fatty acid or two or more combinations, excellent
Select ba (oh)2·8h2O, paraffin or nach3coo·3h2o.
Compared with the prior art, the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system of a kind of utilization phase-change microcapsule of the present invention
Have the advantage that
1st, adopt phase-change microcapsule, because the latent heat of phase change of phase-change material is very big (200kj/kg.k), about sea water
50 times, therefore can greatly improve the amount of the sea water of vaporization；
2nd, phase-change microcapsule particle diameter very little, is micron order, very thin in the water film thickness of phase-change microcapsule outside cyst wall attachment,
Form fine film evaporation, the heat transfer rate of fine film evaporation quickly, is MW class, greatly promotes the speed of latent heat of phase change release,
Improve the water yield of making of device single-stage, reduce device series, reduce device initialization expense and make water cost.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the seawater desalination system schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system of utilization phase-change microcapsule, including sea water tank 1, flash distillation
Tank 2 and condenser 3, are provided with phase-change microcapsule in described sea water tank 1 and/or flash tank 2, phase-change microcapsule disperses or is suspended in sea
In water, in described sea water tank, it is provided with heater 4, sea water tank 1 passes through sea water pump 5, control valve 6 and pressure gauge 7 and flash tank 2
It is connected, flash tank 2 is provided with vacuum meter 8, is provided with atomizer 9, is provided with gas-liquid separator above atomizer 9 in flash tank 2
10, the superjacent air space of gas-liquid separator 10 is connected with condenser 3, and condenser 3 lower section is connected with fresh-water tank 11, described fresh-water tank 11
Top is connected with vacuum pump 12 so that flash tank 2, condenser 3 and fresh-water tank 11 are all in negative pressure running status.Flash tank 2
Circulating pump 14 is passed through in bottom and control valve is connected with sea water tank 1, and sea water tank 1 bottom is provided with discharge opening 15.Sea water leads to from sea water tank 1
Cross sea water pump 5 entrance flash tank 2 and carry out flash distillation, flash-off steam enters condenser 3 condensation by flash tank 2 becomes fresh water discharge, dodges
Steam remaining sea water and sea water tank 1 is back to by circulating pump 14, described sea water tank 1 is provided with water supplement port 16, in processing procedure, phase
Become microcapsule to be circulated between sea water tank 1 and flash tank 2 with sea water, flash tank bottom is provided with discharge outlet 17.
Formed cooling water circulation between described condenser 3 and cooling water tank 18 by cooling water pump 19, described cooling water
Low-temperature receiver is handpiece Water Chilling Units 20, and the cooling water inlet of condenser 3 and coolant outlet are all connected with cooling water tank 18, form circulation cold
But, cooling water tank 18 and handpiece Water Chilling Units 20 coordinate, and handpiece Water Chilling Units 20 provide the cold of cooling water.Cooling water in cooling water tank 18
Cooled water pump 19 feeds condenser 3, and in condenser 3, vapor liquefies, and condenses entrance light after rejecting heat to cooling water
Water tank 11, is discharged by the water outlet 13 of fresh-water tank 11 lower section, and after the cooling water after absorbing heat flows through handpiece Water Chilling Units 20 heat release
Returning water case 18.
Pipeline between described control valve 6 and sea water pump 5 is connected with sea water tank 1 by control valve 21, is controlled by adjusting
Valve 6 control valve 21 processed, and by the feedback of effusion meter 22, the amount of the sea water entering flash tank 2 can be adjusted.
The mean diameter of described phase-change microcapsule is 0.1～1000 μm.
The cyst material of described phase-change microcapsule be tripolycyanamide, melamine resin, Lauxite, methylbenzene olefin(e) acid ester, two
One of silicon oxide and polyureas or two or more combinations, preferably melamine resin；Phase-change material in described phase-change microcapsule
For one of paraffin, crystalline hydrate salt, paraffin hydrocarbon, polyethers, polyester and fatty acid or two or more combinations, preferably ba
(oh)2·8h2O, paraffin or nach3coo·3h2o.
A kind of vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater of utilization phase-change microcapsule, comprises the following steps:
1. add the phase-change microcapsule of proper proportion in the sea water treat flash distillation, coal addition position is sea water tank 1；
2. the sea water in sea water tank 1 is heated to 30～100 DEG C by heater 4 and flash distillation sent into by sea water pump 5
Tank 2 carries out flash distillation and generates steam, and the phase-change microcapsule well mixing with sea water absorbs the heat of sea water, and phase change material inside occurs
Phase transformation, phase is changed into liquid from solid-state, and in flash tank 2, ocean temperature is higher than the corresponding saturation temperature of pressure in flash tank 2,
Sea water vaporizes, and ocean temperature reduces, and phase-change microcapsule temperature reduces simultaneously, releases latent heat of phase change.Phase transformation due to phase-change material
Latent heat is very big (200kj/kg.k), and about the 50 of sea water times therefore will greatly improve the amount of the sea water of vaporization.Phase-change microcapsule
In whole process, outside cyst wall form is constant, remains solid spherical, and the simply internal phase transformation material of mushy stage phase transformation occurs
Material.Phase-change microcapsule particle diameter very little, is micron order, very thin in the water film thickness of phase-change microcapsule outside cyst wall attachment, is formed thin
Thin film evaporation, the heat transfer rate of fine film evaporation quickly, is MW class, and this will greatly promote the speed of latent heat of phase change release, carries
High device single-stage make the water yield.
3. by step, 2. the remaining sea water of flash distillation and microcapsule are mixed with new sea water, are heated to 30～100 DEG C and enter
Row flash distillation, and repeat this step.
The liquid level of described flash tank 2 maritime interior waters controls the 1/15～1/10 of flash tank 2 height.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technology according to the present invention scheme and its
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of utilization phase-change microcapsule vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
1. add phase-change microcapsule in the sea water treat flash distillation；
2. will treat that the heating of seawater of flash distillation to 30～100 DEG C and sends into flash tank and carry out flash distillation, the liquid of described flash tank maritime interior waters
Position height controls the 1/15～1/10 of flash tank height；
3. by step, 2. the remaining sea water of flash distillation and microcapsule are mixed with new sea water, are heated to 30～100 DEG C and are dodged
Steam, and repeat this step；
The vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater of described utilization phase-change microcapsule adopts following vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system
Desalination, described vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system includes sea water tank, flash tank and condenser, described sea water tank and/or flash distillation
It is provided with phase-change microcapsule, phase-change microcapsule disperses or is suspended in sea water, is provided with heater, sea water in described sea water tank in tank
From sea water tank, flash tank is entered by sea water pump and carry out flash distillation, flash-off steam enters condenser condensation by flash tank becomes fresh water row
Go out, the remaining sea water of flash distillation is back to sea water tank by circulating pump, and described sea water tank is provided with water supplement port, in processing procedure, phase
Become microcapsule to be circulated between sea water tank and flash tank with sea water.
2. utilization phase-change microcapsule according to claim 1 vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater it is characterised in that: institute
State and formed by cooling water pump cooling water circulation between condenser and cooling water tank, the low-temperature receiver of described cooling water is handpiece Water Chilling Units.
3. utilization phase-change microcapsule according to claim 2 vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater it is characterised in that: institute
State and between sea water pump and flash tank, be provided with effusion meter and pressure gauge, between described effusion meter and sea water pump, be provided with control valve, described
Pipeline between control valve and sea water pump is connected with sea water tank by control valve.
4. utilization phase-change microcapsule according to claim 3 vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater it is characterised in that: institute
The water outlet stating condenser is connected with fresh-water tank, and described fresh water upper box part is connected with vacuum pump.
5. the vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater of utilization phase-change microcapsule as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4,
It is characterized in that: the mean diameter of described phase-change microcapsule is 0.1～1000 μm.
6. utilization phase-change microcapsule according to claim 5 vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater it is characterised in that: phase
The cyst wall becoming microcapsule is made up of inert material.
7. utilization phase-change microcapsule according to claim 6 vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater it is characterised in that: institute
The cyst material stating phase-change microcapsule is tripolycyanamide, melamine resin, Lauxite, methylbenzene olefin(e) acid ester, silicon dioxide and poly-
One of urea or two or more combinations, the phase-change material in described phase-change microcapsule is paraffin, crystalline hydrate salt, paraffin
One of hydrocarbon, polyethers, polyester and fatty acid or two or more combinations.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510064334.XA CN104609490B (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-02-06 | Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules |
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| CN201510064334.XA CN104609490B (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-02-06 | Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules |
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| CN105969317B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2019-09-03 | 四川大学 | A kind of Lauxite paraffin microcapsule material and preparation method with the high enthalpy of high heat conductance |
| CN111924919B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-11-25 | 东南大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination system based on magnetic light absorption phase change material |
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| CN100498132C (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-06-10 | 东南大学 | Heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump system |
| KR101109536B1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2012-01-31 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | Evaporative Desalination Apparatus of Sea Water Using Phase Changing Fluids |
| JP5801184B2 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2015-10-28 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Gas separation method and apparatus by pressure swing adsorption method |
| CN204643890U (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-09-16 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule |
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