CN104609490A - Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules - Google Patents
Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules Download PDFInfo
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- CN104609490A CN104609490A CN201510064334.XA CN201510064334A CN104609490A CN 104609490 A CN104609490 A CN 104609490A CN 201510064334 A CN201510064334 A CN 201510064334A CN 104609490 A CN104609490 A CN 104609490A
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- sea water
- tank
- phase
- seawater
- flash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/08—Thin film evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and a vacuum flash type sea water desalination system utilizing phase change microcapsules, belonging to the technical field of sea water desalination. The system disclosed by the invention comprises a seawater tank, a flash tank and a condenser, wherein the phase change microcapsules are arranged in the sea water tank and/or the flash tank and are dispersed or suspended in the sea water; a heating device is arranged in the sea water tank; the sea water enters the flash tank for flashing from the sea water tank by virtue of a sea water pump; the flash steam is condensed into fresh water in the condenser so as to be discharged by virtue of the flash tank; the residual flashed sea water returns into the sea water tank by virtue of a circulating pump; a water supplementing port is formed in the sea water tank; and in the treatment process, the phase change microcapsules circulate between the sea water tank and the flash tank along with the sea water. According to the system and the method disclosed by the invention, the amount of the vaporized sea water can be greatly improved, the speed of releasing phase change latent heat is greatly improved, the single-stage water production capacity of the device is improved, the device stage number is reduced, and the primary cost of the device and the water production cost are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sea water desalting technology, be specifically related to a kind of the vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater and the system that utilize phase-change microcapsule.
Background technology
Along with population growth and economic fast development, the mankind continue to increase to the demand of fresh water.Many countries and regions are all faced with water resources crisis in the world.China is vast in territory, Freshwater resources skewness, and especially with the north and Island, Freshwater resources famine, average annual water deficit reaches more than 400 billion cubic meters for many years.In tellurian gross amount of water resources, fresh water only accounts for 2.5%, and seawater accounts for 97.5%, and therefore in a sense, seawater is only inexhaustible main water source.Under the severe situation that Freshwater resources are in short supply, exploitation and using of seawater, carries out sea water desaltination and becomes a solution Freshwater resources effective means in short supply.
Desalination technology is separated with moisture by the salinity in seawater, finally obtains the technology of fresh water and concentrated salt solution.According to demineralising process, desalination technology mainly contains three major types: instant heating method, embrane method and chemical process.Hot method desalination technology is mainly distillation method, comprises multistage flash evaporation and multiple-effect evaporation technology.Multiple-effect evaporation previous evaporator evaporation secondary steam is out introduced next vaporizer as heating steam to coagulate in next vaporizer for distilled water, carries out so successively.Multiple-effect evaporation more stages flash distillation application early, but due to the problem such as fouling and corrosion, to be replaced by multistage flash evaporation afterwards.
Multistage flash evaporation, hot sea water flows in the flashing chamber that vacuum increases progressively step by step, because seawater temperature is higher than temperature of saturation corresponding under flashing chamber internal pressure, Absorption by Sea Water self sensible heat and part explosive evaporatoin, till the temperature of saturation that all the other seawater temperatures drop to corresponding to flashing chamber pressure.Because the sensible heat (4.2KJ/Kg.K) of water is very little relative to the latent heat (2200KJ/Kg.K) of water vapour, therefore device single-stage to make water efficiency very low, the progression of device is often a lot, and apparatus structure is very large, cost is higher, makes water cost also higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing flash distillation seawater desalinization device unit set forth above and make that water efficiency is low, apparatus cost is high and make the high problem of water cost, and a kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system and method utilizing phase-change microcapsule of research and design.The technique means that the present invention adopts is as follows:
Utilize a vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater for phase-change microcapsule, comprise the following steps:
1. in the seawater treating flash distillation, phase-change microcapsule is added;
2. will treat heating of seawater to 30 ~ 100 DEG C of flash distillation and send into flash tank to carry out flash distillation;
3. by step 2. the remaining seawater of flash distillation and microcapsule mix with new seawater, be heated to 30 ~ 100 DEG C and carry out flash distillation, and repeat this step.
Further, the liquid level of described flash tank maritime interior waters controls at 1/15 ~ 1/10 of flash tank height.
A kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule, comprise sea water tank, flash tank and condenser, phase-change microcapsule is provided with in described sea water tank and/or flash tank, phase-change microcapsule disperses or is suspended in seawater, heating unit is provided with in described sea water tank, seawater enters flash tank from sea water tank by sea-water pump and carries out flash distillation, flash-off steam enters condenser condenses by flash tank becomes fresh water discharge, the remaining seawater of flash distillation is back to sea water tank by recycle pump, described sea water tank is provided with water supplement port, in treating processes, phase-change microcapsule circulates between sea water tank and flash tank with seawater.
Further, formed cooling water circulation between described condenser and cooling water tank by cooling-water pump, the low-temperature receiver of described water coolant is handpiece Water Chilling Units.
Further, be provided with under meter and tensimeter between described sea-water pump and flash tank, be provided with control valve I between described under meter and sea-water pump, described control valve I is connected with sea water tank by control valve II with the pipeline between sea-water pump.
Further, the water outlet of described condenser is connected with fresh-water tank, and described fresh-water tank top is connected with vacuum pump.
Further, the median size of described phase-change microcapsule is 0.1 ~ 1000 μm.
Further, the cyst wall of phase-change microcapsule is made up of inert material.
Further, the cyst material of described phase-change microcapsule is one or more the combination in trimeric cyanamide, melmac, urea-formaldehyde resin, methylbenzene olefin(e) acid ester, silicon-dioxide and polyureas, preferred melmac; Phase change material in described phase-change microcapsule is one or more the combination in paraffin, crystalline hydrate salt, paraffinic hydrocarbon, polyethers, polyester and lipid acid, preferred Ba (OH)
28H
2o, paraffin or NaCH
3cOO3H
2o.
Compared with the prior art, a kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system of phase-change microcapsule that utilizes of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, adopt phase-change microcapsule, due to the latent heat of phase change very large (200KJ/Kg.K) of phase change material, be approximately 50 times of seawater, therefore greatly can improve the amount of the seawater of vaporization;
2, phase-change microcapsule particle diameter is very little, for micron order, very thin at the water film thickness of phase-change microcapsule outside cyst wall attachment, formation fine film evaporates, and the heat transfer rate of fine film evaporation is very fast, is MW class, greatly promote the speed of latent heat of phase change release, that improves device single-stage makes the water yield, reduces device progression, reduces device initialization expense and makes water cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the seawater desalination system schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule, comprise sea water tank 1, flash tank 2 and condenser 3, phase-change microcapsule is provided with in described sea water tank 1 and/or flash tank 2, phase-change microcapsule disperses or is suspended in seawater, heating unit 4 is provided with in described sea water tank, sea water tank 1 is by sea-water pump 5, control valve I 6 is connected with flash tank 2 with tensimeter 7, flash tank 2 is provided with vacuum meter 8, atomizing nozzle 9 is provided with in flash tank 2, gas-liquid separator 10 is provided with above atomizing nozzle 9, the superjacent air space of gas-liquid separator 10 is connected with condenser 3, be connected with fresh-water tank 11 below condenser 3, described fresh-water tank 11 top is connected with vacuum pump 12, make flash tank 2, condenser 3 and fresh-water tank 11 are all in negative pressure running status.The bottom of flash tank 2 is connected with sea water tank 1 with control valve by recycle pump 14, is provided with discharge opening 15 bottom sea water tank 1.Seawater enters flash tank 2 from sea water tank 1 by sea-water pump 5 and carries out flash distillation, flash-off steam enters condenser 3 condensation by flash tank 2 becomes fresh water discharge, the remaining seawater of flash distillation is back to sea water tank 1 by recycle pump 14, described sea water tank 1 is provided with water supplement port 16, in treating processes, phase-change microcapsule circulates between sea water tank 1 and flash tank 2 with seawater, is provided with water port 17 bottom flash tank.
Formed cooling water circulation by cooling-water pump 19 between described condenser 3 and cooling water tank 18, the low-temperature receiver of described water coolant is handpiece Water Chilling Units 20, the entrance of cooling water of condenser 3 is all connected with cooling water tank 18 with cooling water outlet, form circulating cooling, cooling water tank 18 coordinates with handpiece Water Chilling Units 20, and handpiece Water Chilling Units 20 provides the cold of water coolant.Water coolant in cooling water tank 18 feeds condenser 3 through cooling-water pump 19, in condenser 3, water vapour liquefies, heat release is entered fresh-water tank 11 to condensation after water coolant, discharged by the water outlet 13 below fresh-water tank 11, and the cooling-water flowing Returning water case 18 after handpiece Water Chilling Units 20 heat release after heat absorption.
Described control valve I 6 is connected with sea water tank 1 by control valve II 21 with the pipeline between sea-water pump 5, by adjusting control valve I 6 control valve II 21, and passes through the feedback of under meter 22, can regulate the amount of the seawater entering flash tank 2.
The median size of described phase-change microcapsule is 0.1 ~ 1000 μm.
The cyst material of described phase-change microcapsule is one or more the combination in trimeric cyanamide, melmac, urea-formaldehyde resin, methylbenzene olefin(e) acid ester, silicon-dioxide and polyureas, preferred melmac; Phase change material in described phase-change microcapsule is one or more the combination in paraffin, crystalline hydrate salt, paraffinic hydrocarbon, polyethers, polyester and lipid acid, preferred Ba (OH)
28H
2o, paraffin or NaCH
3cOO3H
2o.
Utilize a vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater for phase-change microcapsule, comprise the following steps:
1. in the seawater treating flash distillation, add the phase-change microcapsule of suitable proportion, coal addition position is sea water tank 1;
2. the seawater in sea water tank 1 is heated to 30 ~ 100 DEG C by heating unit 4 and sends into flash tank 2 by sea-water pump 5 carry out flash distillation generating steam, the heat of seawater is absorbed with the phase-change microcapsule of seawater well blend, phase change material inside undergoes phase transition, phase becomes liquid state from solid-state, and in flash tank 2, seawater temperature is higher than temperature of saturation corresponding to flash tank 2 internal pressure, seawater is vaporized, seawater temperature reduces, and phase-change microcapsule temperature reduces simultaneously, releases latent heat of phase change.Due to the latent heat of phase change very large (200KJ/Kg.K) of phase change material, be approximately 50 times of seawater, therefore will greatly improve the amount of the seawater of vaporization.Phase-change microcapsule is constant in whole process peripheral cyst wall form, remains solid spherical, and the just phase change material inside of mushy stage phase transformation occurs.Phase-change microcapsule particle diameter is very little, is micron order, very thin at the water film thickness of phase-change microcapsule outside cyst wall attachment, formation fine film evaporates, and the heat transfer rate of fine film evaporation is very fast, is MW class, this will promote the speed of latent heat of phase change release greatly, and that improves device single-stage makes the water yield.
3. by step 2. the remaining seawater of flash distillation and microcapsule mix with new seawater, be heated to 30 ~ 100 DEG C and carry out flash distillation, and repeat this step.
The liquid level of described flash tank 2 maritime interior waters controls at 1/15 ~ 1/10 of flash tank 2 height.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. utilize a vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater for phase-change microcapsule, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1. in the seawater treating flash distillation, phase-change microcapsule is added;
2. will treat heating of seawater to 30 ~ 100 DEG C of flash distillation and send into flash tank to carry out flash distillation;
3. by step 2. the remaining seawater of flash distillation and microcapsule mix with new seawater, be heated to 30 ~ 100 DEG C and carry out flash distillation, and repeat this step.
2. the vacuum flashing formula method for desalting seawater utilizing phase-change microcapsule according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the liquid level of described flash tank maritime interior waters controls at 1/15 ~ 1/10 of flash tank height.
3. one kind utilizes the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system of phase-change microcapsule, it is characterized in that: comprise sea water tank, flash tank and condenser, phase-change microcapsule is provided with in described sea water tank and/or flash tank, phase-change microcapsule disperses or is suspended in seawater, heating unit is provided with in described sea water tank, seawater enters flash tank from sea water tank by sea-water pump and carries out flash distillation, flash-off steam enters condenser condenses by flash tank becomes fresh water discharge, the remaining seawater of flash distillation is back to sea water tank by recycle pump, described sea water tank is provided with water supplement port, in treating processes, phase-change microcapsule circulates between sea water tank and flash tank with seawater.
4. the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule according to claim 3, be is characterized in that: formed cooling water circulation between described condenser and cooling water tank by cooling-water pump, and the low-temperature receiver of described water coolant is handpiece Water Chilling Units.
5. the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: between described sea-water pump and flash tank, be provided with under meter and tensimeter, be provided with control valve I between described under meter and sea-water pump, described control valve I is connected with sea water tank by control valve II with the pipeline between sea-water pump.
6. the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the water outlet of described condenser is connected with fresh-water tank, described fresh-water tank top is connected with vacuum pump.
7. according to the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule in claim 3 to 6 described in any one, it is characterized in that: the median size of described phase-change microcapsule is 0.1 ~ 1000 μm.
8. the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the cyst wall of phase-change microcapsule is made up of inert material.
9. the vacuum flashing formula seawater desalination system utilizing phase-change microcapsule according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the cyst material of described phase-change microcapsule is one or more the combination in trimeric cyanamide, melmac, urea-formaldehyde resin, methylbenzene olefin(e) acid ester, silicon-dioxide and polyureas, the phase change material in described phase-change microcapsule is one or more the combination in paraffin, crystalline hydrate salt, paraffinic hydrocarbon, polyethers, polyester and lipid acid.
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| CN201510064334.XA CN104609490B (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-02-06 | Vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules and vacuum flash type sea water desalination method utilizing phase change microcapsules |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105969317A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-28 | 四川大学 | Urea resin paraffin microcapsule material with high thermal conductivity and high enthalpy value and preparation method |
| CN111924919A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-11-13 | 东南大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination system based on magnetic light absorption phase-change material |
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2015
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111924919A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-11-13 | 东南大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination system based on magnetic light absorption phase-change material |
| CN111924919B (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2022-11-25 | 东南大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination system based on magnetic light absorption phase change material |
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