CN204151180U - A kind of efficient mechanical vapor recompression sea water desalinating plant - Google Patents
A kind of efficient mechanical vapor recompression sea water desalinating plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN204151180U CN204151180U CN201420597781.2U CN201420597781U CN204151180U CN 204151180 U CN204151180 U CN 204151180U CN 201420597781 U CN201420597781 U CN 201420597781U CN 204151180 U CN204151180 U CN 204151180U
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 24
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种高效机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置，其包括海水预热器、蒸发器、机械蒸汽压缩机、淡水罐、冷凝淡水产水管和浓盐水排出管，海水预热器包括第一热交换器、第二热交换器，第一热交换器的一个通道的进水口与冷凝淡水产水管连通，出水口通过管道与淡水罐连通；第二热交换器的一个通道的进水口与浓盐水排出管连通；海水淡化装置还包括用于将海水分成二路分别通入到第一热交换器和第二热交换器的另一通道中的海水分配控制阀组，脱气装置和浓盐水循环管路。采取本实用新型装置进行海水淡化，能耗可降低至采取传统海水淡化装置的25%及以下，极大的降低了海水淡化成本，同时本实用新型设置简单，操作方便，可实现大规模的应用和普及。
The utility model relates to a high-efficiency mechanical steam recompression seawater desalination device, which includes a seawater preheater, an evaporator, a mechanical steam compressor, a fresh water tank, a condensed freshwater production pipe and a concentrated brine discharge pipe. The seawater preheater includes a first Heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the water inlet of one channel of the first heat exchanger is connected with the condensed fresh water production pipe, and the water outlet is connected with the fresh water tank through the pipeline; the water inlet of one channel of the second heat exchanger is connected with the concentrated fresh water The brine discharge pipe is connected; the seawater desalination device also includes a seawater distribution control valve group, a degassing device and a concentrated brine for dividing the seawater into two channels and passing them into the other channel of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively. circulation line. The utility model adopts the device for seawater desalination, and the energy consumption can be reduced to 25% or less of that of the traditional seawater desalination device, which greatly reduces the cost of seawater desalination. At the same time, the utility model is simple to set up, easy to operate, and can realize large-scale application and popularity.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置。 The utility model relates to a mechanical steam recompression seawater desalination device.
背景技术 Background technique
我国人口众多，淡水资源日趋紧缺，发展海水淡化技术对解决淡水资源的匮乏具有重要的意义。以蒸发方法为基础的海水淡化技术具有膜分离、离子交换等方法所不具有的产水水质、成本等优势。但是传统的单效及多效蒸发技术需要提供大量生蒸汽，并需配置燃煤锅炉及冷却系统，会造成难以避免的能源消耗和产生大量的废物排放。同时造成系统整体结构复杂，体积庞大，操作和维护困难，运行成本急剧上升。 my country has a large population, and fresh water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. The development of seawater desalination technology is of great significance to solve the shortage of fresh water resources. The seawater desalination technology based on the evaporation method has the advantages of water quality and cost that membrane separation, ion exchange and other methods do not have. However, traditional single-effect and multi-effect evaporation technologies need to provide a large amount of raw steam, and need to be equipped with coal-fired boilers and cooling systems, which will cause unavoidable energy consumption and a large amount of waste emissions. At the same time, the overall structure of the system is complicated, the volume is huge, the operation and maintenance are difficult, and the operating cost rises sharply.
机械蒸汽再压缩是一种蒸发工艺，简称MVR(Mechanical Vapor Recompression )。是指在蒸发中，将二次蒸汽绝热压缩，随后将其送入蒸发器的加热室作为热源重新使用的一种办法。二次蒸汽经压缩后饱和温度升高，与器内沸腾液体形成足够的传热温差，故可重新作加热剂用。因此只须补充一定量的压缩功，便可利用二次蒸汽的大量潜热。MVR方法不需要外部的热源，系统的能耗仅为压缩机和各类泵的能耗，所以节能效果相当显著。 Mechanical vapor recompression is an evaporation process, referred to as MVR (Mechanical Vapor Recompression). It refers to a method in which the secondary steam is adiabatically compressed in evaporation, and then sent to the heating chamber of the evaporator as a heat source for reuse. After the secondary steam is compressed, the saturation temperature rises, and a sufficient heat transfer temperature difference is formed with the boiling liquid in the device, so it can be used as a heating agent again. Therefore, a large amount of latent heat of the secondary steam can be utilized only by supplementing a certain amount of compression work. The MVR method does not require an external heat source, and the energy consumption of the system is only that of the compressor and various pumps, so the energy saving effect is quite significant.
海水中还有大量的氯离子，在高温下会对设备造成严重的腐蚀。另外，低温操作的设备热损失较低，可以节约大量的能源。因此，低温低压海水淡化方具有显著的优势。 There are also a large amount of chloride ions in seawater, which will cause serious corrosion to equipment at high temperatures. In addition, equipment operated at low temperature has lower heat loss, which can save a lot of energy. Therefore, low temperature and low pressure seawater desalination has significant advantages.
低温负压操作，维持蒸发器内真空度需要消耗电能，供水和蒸发后浓海水排放也需要消耗大量余热。一些专利文献报道了采用电能之外的其它方法来获得真空环境，如中国专利 CN101177308A、201310300526.7和 CN202880936U用海水重力和大气压力等方法产生真空，所需能量比传统方式少，但是这些方法工艺复杂，设备体积庞大，对场地要求也很高。中国发明专利201110104604.7、201010300875.5以及200910138238.X 、200910016942等均提供了太阳能热压缩式机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置，但太阳能的季节性、地域性分布不均等特点都成为制约太阳能海水淡化推广的瓶颈，其中201010300875.5、200910016942对浓盐水和产品淡水的余热没有进行回收，造成了能源的极大浪费。另外，这些专利对工作环境有苛刻的要求，设备和装备复杂。太阳能热压缩式机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置基本都是由太阳能集热器、蒸汽喷射器、压缩机、加热室、蒸发器、热交换器等大量设备组成，结构复杂和占地面积大将限制这些工艺的使用。专利20031010755.7公布的MVR海水淡化装置的技术方案是包括蒸汽机械蒸汽压缩机、多个蒸发器和置于蒸发器内的冷凝管、喷淋系统等在内的设备，多个蒸发器实现多效逐级蒸发，该工艺不仅设备和系统结构复杂，而且未考虑到浓盐水和产品淡水的外排造成的热量散逸，难以实现大规模的应用和普及。 Low-temperature negative pressure operation requires power consumption to maintain the vacuum in the evaporator, and a large amount of waste heat is also consumed for water supply and concentrated seawater discharge after evaporation. Some patent documents have reported the use of other methods other than electric energy to obtain a vacuum environment, such as Chinese patents CN101177308A, 201310300526.7 and CN202880936U using methods such as seawater gravity and atmospheric pressure to generate vacuum, requiring less energy than traditional methods, but these methods are complicated. The equipment is bulky and requires a lot of space. Chinese invention patents 201110104604.7, 201010300875.5, 200910138238.X, and 200910016942 all provide solar thermal compression mechanical vapor recompression seawater desalination devices, but the seasonal and regional distribution of solar energy has become a bottleneck restricting the promotion of solar seawater desalination. Among them, 201010300875.5 and 200910016942 did not recover the waste heat of concentrated brine and product fresh water, resulting in a great waste of energy. In addition, these patents have strict requirements on the working environment, and the equipment and equipment are complicated. Solar thermal compression mechanical vapor recompression seawater desalination devices are basically composed of a large number of equipment such as solar collectors, steam ejectors, compressors, heating chambers, evaporators, heat exchangers, etc. The complex structure and large footprint will limit these use of craft. The technical solution of the MVR seawater desalination device disclosed in patent 20031010755.7 is equipment including a steam mechanical steam compressor, multiple evaporators, condensation pipes placed in the evaporators, and a spray system. Stage evaporation, this process is not only complex in equipment and system structure, but also does not take into account the heat dissipation caused by the discharge of concentrated brine and product fresh water, making it difficult to achieve large-scale application and popularization.
整体而言，现有技术中利用机械蒸汽再压缩技术进行海水淡化的方法和装置总是存在能耗较高、设备体积庞大或对场地要求高等不足，而难以实现大规模的应用和普及。 Generally speaking, the methods and devices for desalination of seawater using mechanical vapor recompression technology in the prior art always have disadvantages such as high energy consumption, bulky equipment, or high requirements on the site, making it difficult to achieve large-scale application and popularization.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足提供一种设备简单，能耗和成本低，可靠，高效，适于大规模应用的机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置。 The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a mechanical steam recompression seawater desalination device with simple equipment, low energy consumption and cost, reliability, high efficiency and suitable for large-scale application.
为解决以上技术问题，本实用新型采取如下技术方案： In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model takes the following technical solutions:
一种高效机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置，其包括海水进料管、海水预热器、海水泵、蒸发器、机械蒸汽压缩机、浓盐水排出泵、冷凝淡水泵、淡水罐以及PLC控制柜，所述蒸发器、压缩机与所述PLC控制柜连接并受控制，所述蒸发器上连接有冷凝淡水产水管和浓盐水排出管，所述冷凝淡水泵和浓盐水排出泵分别设置在所述冷凝水产水管和所述浓盐水排出管上，特别是，所述的海水预热器包括具有海水通道和冷凝淡水通道的第一热交换器、具有海水通道和浓盐水通道的第二热交换器，第一热交换器的冷凝淡水通道的进水口与冷凝淡水产水管连通，出水口通过管道与淡水罐连通；第二热交换器的浓盐水通道的进水口与浓盐水排出管连通；海水淡化装置还包括： A high-efficiency mechanical vapor recompression seawater desalination device, which includes a seawater feed pipe, a seawater preheater, a seawater pump, an evaporator, a mechanical steam compressor, a concentrated brine discharge pump, a condensed freshwater pump, a freshwater tank and a PLC control cabinet, The evaporator and the compressor are connected to and controlled by the PLC control cabinet. The evaporator is connected with a condensed fresh water production pipe and a concentrated brine discharge pipe. The condensed fresh water pump and the concentrated brine discharge pump are respectively arranged in the On the condensed water production pipe and the concentrated brine discharge pipe, in particular, the seawater preheater includes a first heat exchanger with a seawater channel and a condensed fresh water channel, and a second heat exchanger with a seawater channel and a concentrated brine channel , the water inlet of the condensed fresh water channel of the first heat exchanger is connected with the condensed fresh water production pipe, and the water outlet is connected with the fresh water tank through the pipeline; the water inlet of the concentrated brine channel of the second heat exchanger is connected with the concentrated brine discharge pipe; seawater desalination The device also includes:
海水分配控制阀组，其设置在海水进料管上、通过管道分别与第一热交换器和第二热交换器的海水通道的入水口连通； A seawater distribution control valve group, which is arranged on the seawater feed pipe and communicates with the water inlets of the seawater passages of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively through the pipes;
脱气装置，其用于脱除海水中含有的室温不凝结气体，该脱气装置具有海水入口和海水出口，所述海水入口通过管道与所述第一热交换器和第二热交换器的海水通道的出水口相连通，所述海水出口通过海水管道与蒸发器连通，海水泵设置在海水管道上； A degassing device, which is used to remove non-condensable gases at room temperature contained in seawater, the degassing device has a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet, and the seawater inlet is connected to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger through a pipeline The water outlets of the seawater channel are connected, the seawater outlet is connected with the evaporator through the seawater pipeline, and the seawater pump is arranged on the seawater pipeline;
浓盐水循环管路，其包括两端分别与浓盐水排出管和蒸发器连通的浓盐水循环管、设置在该浓盐水循环管上的浓盐水循环泵。 The concentrated brine circulation pipeline includes a concentrated brine circulation pipe whose two ends are respectively communicated with the concentrated brine discharge pipe and the evaporator, and a concentrated brine circulation pump arranged on the concentrated brine circulation pipe.
优选地，第一热交换器和第二热交换器均采用高效的板式热交换器。 Preferably, both the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are high-efficiency plate heat exchangers.
优选地，在第一热交换器和第二热交换器的入口和出口处安装有温度检测设备。所述的海水分配控制阀组为可调节的分配控制阀。实际中，可以根据进入热交换器的浓盐水和冷凝水的温度及流量调节进入第二热交换器和冷凝淡水热交换器的海水比率，改善余热回收效果，同时将海水的温度与浓盐水循环泵耦合控制，根据海水的温度调节浓盐水循环泵的循环盐水比率，使海水可以达到蒸发温度。 Preferably, temperature detection devices are installed at the inlets and outlets of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The seawater distribution control valve group is an adjustable distribution control valve. In practice, the ratio of seawater entering the second heat exchanger and condensing fresh water heat exchanger can be adjusted according to the temperature and flow rate of the concentrated brine and condensed water entering the heat exchanger, so as to improve the waste heat recovery effect, and at the same time, the temperature of seawater and concentrated brine can be circulated The pump coupling control adjusts the brine circulation ratio of the concentrated brine circulation pump according to the temperature of the seawater so that the seawater can reach the evaporation temperature.
优选地，所述的第一热交换器、第二热交换器以及海水分配控制阀组均与PLC控制柜连接并受控制。 Preferably, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the seawater distribution control valve group are all connected to and controlled by a PLC control cabinet.
优选地，所述的浓盐水循环管的一端与所述的海水管道连接，另一端与浓盐水排出管连接。浓盐水排出泵和/或浓盐水循环泵与PLC控制柜连接并受控制。如此，要循环回蒸发器的浓盐水与海水混合后，一起通入蒸发器中。同时可通过控制浓盐水循环泵的流量来控制循环浓盐水的量。 Preferably, one end of the concentrated brine circulation pipe is connected to the seawater pipeline, and the other end is connected to the concentrated brine discharge pipe. The concentrated brine discharge pump and/or the concentrated brine circulation pump are connected to and controlled by the PLC control cabinet. In this way, the concentrated brine to be circulated back to the evaporator is mixed with seawater and passed into the evaporator together. At the same time, the amount of circulating concentrated brine can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the concentrated brine circulating pump.
优选地，所述脱气装置包括真空脱气塔，该设备简单，且过程中不使用任何药品。 Preferably, the degassing device includes a vacuum degassing tower, the equipment is simple, and no medicine is used in the process.
优选地，所述的蒸发器为降膜蒸发器。更优选地，蒸发器为横管式降膜蒸发器。该类型的蒸发器具有传热性能好、蒸发强度大等特点。蒸发器由蒸发室、分配腔和回收腔组成，为相互隔离的密闭腔体，冷凝管束水平布置于蒸发室内并连通分配腔和回收腔，分布装置位于冷凝管束上方，喷淋的海水在冷凝管外形成液膜，由管内的蒸汽冷凝释放的相变热加热沸腾形成蒸汽。形成的蒸汽经由蒸汽出口管输送至压缩机，被压缩后的蒸汽的温度和压力都得到提高。压缩后的蒸汽经过与蒸发器相连的蒸汽入口管重新进入蒸发器的冷凝管内冷凝，释放出相变热加热管外的海水。冷凝液即淡水产品在分配腔和回收腔内富集，然后由冷凝淡水泵排出。 Preferably, the evaporator is a falling film evaporator. More preferably, the evaporator is a horizontal tube falling film evaporator. This type of evaporator has the characteristics of good heat transfer performance and high evaporation intensity. The evaporator is composed of an evaporation chamber, a distribution chamber and a recovery chamber. It is a closed chamber isolated from each other. The condensation tube bundle is arranged horizontally in the evaporation chamber and connects the distribution chamber and the recovery chamber. The distribution device is located above the condensation tube bundle. A liquid film is formed on the outside, and the phase change heat released by the condensation of the steam in the tube is heated and boiled to form steam. The formed steam is transported to the compressor through the steam outlet pipe, and the temperature and pressure of the compressed steam are both increased. The compressed steam re-enters the condensing tube of the evaporator through the steam inlet tube connected to the evaporator to condense, releasing phase change heat to heat the seawater outside the tube. The condensate, that is, the fresh water product, is enriched in the distribution chamber and the recovery chamber, and then discharged by the condensed fresh water pump.
优选地，所述蒸发器内安装有压力检测设备、水温检测设备和盐水浓度检测设备。 Preferably, pressure detection equipment, water temperature detection equipment and brine concentration detection equipment are installed in the evaporator.
优选地，所述的压缩机为变频控制压缩机，并且配备有温度和压力检测设备。 Preferably, the compressor is an inverter-controlled compressor equipped with temperature and pressure detection equipment.
采用本实用新型装置进行海水淡化的方法包括连续进行的如下步骤： The method for seawater desalination using the device of the present invention comprises the following steps carried out continuously:
(1)海水预热：进料海水分二路经过第一热交换器和第二热交换器进行预热，使海水达到蒸发所需温度； (1) Seawater preheating: the feed seawater is preheated through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in two ways, so that the seawater reaches the temperature required for evaporation;
(2)脱气：预热后的海水进入脱气装置，脱除室温不凝集气体例如二氧化碳，氧气，氮气等； (2) Degassing: The preheated seawater enters the degassing device to remove non-condensable gases at room temperature such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.;
(3)蒸发：脱气后的海水与循环回的浓盐水一起进入蒸发器，海水在蒸发器内蒸发，部分海水汽化形成水蒸汽，残余的海水形成卤水； (3) Evaporation: the degassed seawater enters the evaporator together with the recycled brine, the seawater evaporates in the evaporator, part of the seawater vaporizes to form water vapor, and the remaining seawater forms brine;
(4)蒸汽再压缩：海水汽化形成的水蒸汽进入机械式蒸汽压缩机进行压缩，压缩后温度和压力提高的蒸汽进入到蒸发器中，在蒸发室内释放热量后冷凝形成冷凝淡水； (4) Steam recompression: The water vapor formed by the vaporization of seawater enters the mechanical steam compressor for compression, and the steam with increased temperature and pressure after compression enters the evaporator, and condenses to form condensed fresh water after releasing heat in the evaporation chamber;
(5)蒸发产生的浓盐水的一部分循环，与海水混合，进入到蒸发器中，剩余部分通入到第二热交换器中与进料海水进行换热。 (5) Part of the concentrated brine produced by evaporation is circulated, mixed with seawater, and enters the evaporator, and the remaining part is passed into the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with the feed seawater.
由于以上技术方案的实施，本实用新型与现有技术相比具有如下优点： Due to the implementation of the above technical solutions, the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1、海水中溶解有一定比率的气体，这些气体在温度升高和海水盐度增高时，会逐渐析出，夹杂在蒸汽中。当蒸汽在蒸发室作为加热介质冷凝时，这些蒸汽不会冷凝，这些不凝气的存在会使系统冷凝压力升高，对传热过程造成很大的阻碍，本实用新型装置可在蒸发前，将海水中的溶解气脱除，改善了蒸发器的传热效果，降低了能耗； 1. There is a certain proportion of gas dissolved in seawater. When the temperature rises and the salinity of seawater increases, these gases will gradually precipitate and be mixed in the steam. When the steam is condensed in the evaporation chamber as the heating medium, the steam will not condense, and the existence of these non-condensable gases will increase the condensation pressure of the system, which will greatly hinder the heat transfer process. The utility model device can be used before evaporation. The dissolved gas in the seawater is removed, which improves the heat transfer effect of the evaporator and reduces energy consumption;
2、本实用新型利用热交换器将蒸发器中出来的冷凝淡水和浓盐水的余热回收用以预热海水，无需对系统进行额外的热量输入，有效地降低了能耗； 2. The utility model utilizes the heat exchanger to recycle the waste heat from the condensed fresh water and concentrated brine from the evaporator to preheat the seawater, without additional heat input to the system, effectively reducing energy consumption;
3、本实用新型增设浓盐水循环管路，将部分浓盐水循环，能够有效的维持系统的稳定，同时也高效地回收了余热，降低了能耗。 3. The utility model adds a concentrated brine circulation pipeline to circulate part of the concentrated brine, which can effectively maintain the stability of the system, and also efficiently recover waste heat and reduce energy consumption.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体的实施例对本实用新型做进一步详细的说明： Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:
图1为根据本实用新型的结构示意图； Fig. 1 is a structural representation according to the utility model;
其中：1、海水分配控制阀；2、第二热交换器；3、第一热交换器；4、真空脱气塔；5、海水泵；6、蒸发器；7、机械蒸汽压缩机；8、浓盐水循环泵；9、浓盐水排出泵；10、浓盐水罐；11、冷凝淡水泵；12、淡水罐；13、冷凝淡水产水管；14、浓盐水排出管；15、浓盐水循环管；16、海水管道。 Among them: 1. Seawater distribution control valve; 2. Second heat exchanger; 3. First heat exchanger; 4. Vacuum degassing tower; 5. Seawater pump; 6. Evaporator; 7. Mechanical steam compressor; 8 , concentrated brine circulation pump; 9, concentrated brine discharge pump; 10, concentrated brine tank; 11, condensed fresh water pump; 12, fresh water tank; 13, condensed fresh water production pipe; 14, concentrated brine discharge pipe; 15, concentrated brine circulation pipe ; 16, sea water pipeline.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
参见图1，高效机械蒸汽再压缩海水淡化装置包括海水分配控制阀1、第一热交换器3、第二热交换器2、真空脱气塔4、海水泵5、蒸发器6、机械蒸汽压缩机7、浓盐水循环泵8、浓盐水排出泵9、浓盐水罐10、冷凝淡水泵11、淡水罐12以及连接管道和PLC控制柜。 Referring to Figure 1, the high-efficiency mechanical vapor recompression seawater desalination device includes a seawater distribution control valve 1, a first heat exchanger 3, a second heat exchanger 2, a vacuum degassing tower 4, a seawater pump 5, an evaporator 6, a mechanical vapor compression machine 7, concentrated brine circulation pump 8, concentrated brine discharge pump 9, concentrated brine tank 10, condensed fresh water pump 11, fresh water tank 12, connecting pipelines and PLC control cabinet.
海水分配控制阀1设置在海水进料管上，其分别与第一热交换器3和第二热交换器2的海水通道的入水口连通。海水分配控制阀1可将进料海水分成二路，一路送入第一热交换器3进行换热，另一路送入第二热交换器2进行换热。第一热交换器3的另一通道的入口与连接在蒸发器6上的冷凝淡水产水管13连通，冷凝淡水泵11设置在冷凝淡水产水管上，将来自蒸发器6的冷凝淡水送入第一热交换器3中，使其与海水换热后，再经由管道送入淡水罐12中。第二热交换器2的另一通道与连接在蒸发器6上的浓盐水排出管14连通，浓盐水排出泵9设置在浓盐水排出管14上，将来自蒸发器6的浓盐水的一部分送入第二热交换器2中，使其与海水换热后，再经由管道送入浓盐水罐10中。第一热交换器3和第二热交换器2均采用高效的板式热交换器，通过回收冷凝淡水和浓盐水的余热，可将海水加热至蒸发所需温度。在第一热交换器3和第二热交换器2的入口和出口处安装有温度检测设备。海水分配控制阀组1为可调节的分配控制阀。实际中，可以根据进入热交换器的浓盐水和冷凝水的温度及流量调节进入第二热交换器2和第一热交换器3的海水比率，改善余热回收效果。 The seawater distribution control valve 1 is arranged on the seawater feed pipe, which communicates with the water inlets of the seawater channels of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 respectively. The seawater distribution control valve 1 can divide the feed seawater into two paths, one path is sent to the first heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange, and the other path is sent to the second heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange. The entrance of the other channel of the first heat exchanger 3 communicates with the condensed fresh water production pipe 13 connected to the evaporator 6, and the condensed fresh water pump 11 is arranged on the condensed fresh water production pipe, and sends the condensed fresh water from the evaporator 6 into the first In a heat exchanger 3, after making it exchange heat with seawater, it is sent into the fresh water tank 12 through pipelines. Another channel of the second heat exchanger 2 communicates with the concentrated brine discharge pipe 14 connected to the evaporator 6, and the concentrated brine discharge pump 9 is arranged on the concentrated brine discharge pipe 14, and a part of the concentrated brine from the evaporator 6 is sent to into the second heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with seawater, and then send it into the concentrated brine tank 10 through pipelines. Both the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 are high-efficiency plate heat exchangers, which can heat seawater to the temperature required for evaporation by recovering waste heat from condensing fresh water and brine. Temperature detection devices are installed at the inlets and outlets of the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 2 . The seawater distribution control valve group 1 is an adjustable distribution control valve. In practice, the ratio of seawater entering the second heat exchanger 2 and the first heat exchanger 3 can be adjusted according to the temperature and flow rate of the concentrated brine and condensed water entering the heat exchanger to improve the waste heat recovery effect.
真空脱气塔4设置在热交换器的下游，用于将预热后的海水中的室温不凝结气体脱除，从而改善蒸发器的传热效果，降低能耗。采取真空脱气方式，设备简单，且不使用任何药品。 The vacuum degassing tower 4 is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger, and is used to remove non-condensable gases at room temperature in the preheated seawater, thereby improving the heat transfer effect of the evaporator and reducing energy consumption. The vacuum degassing method is adopted, the equipment is simple, and no medicine is used.
另外，本例装置还设有两端分别与浓盐水排出管14和蒸发器6连通的浓盐水循环管15，浓盐水循环泵8设置在浓盐水循环管15上，二者构成了浓盐水循环管路。具体地，浓盐水循环管15的两端分别与海水管道16和浓盐水排出管14连接。海水泵5设置在海水管道16上，将预热并脱气后的海水和循环浓盐水一起送入到蒸发器6中。如此能够有效的维持系统的稳定，同时也高效地回收了余热，降低了能耗。循环浓盐水的量可通过控制浓盐水循环泵8的流量来控制。 In addition, the device of this example is also provided with a concentrated brine circulation pipe 15 with both ends respectively connected to the concentrated brine discharge pipe 14 and the evaporator 6. The concentrated brine circulation pump 8 is arranged on the concentrated brine circulation pipe 15, and the two constitute the concentrated brine circulation. pipeline. Specifically, both ends of the concentrated brine circulation pipe 15 are respectively connected to the seawater pipeline 16 and the concentrated brine discharge pipe 14 . The seawater pump 5 is arranged on the seawater pipeline 16, and sends the preheated and degassed seawater and the circulating concentrated brine into the evaporator 6 together. In this way, the stability of the system can be effectively maintained, and waste heat can be recovered efficiently, reducing energy consumption. The amount of circulating concentrated brine can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the concentrated brine circulating pump 8 .
本例中，蒸发器6为降膜蒸发器，具体为横管式降膜蒸发器。该类型的蒸发器具有传热性能好、蒸发强度大等特点。蒸发器由蒸发室、分配腔和回收腔组成，为相互隔离的密闭腔体，冷凝管束水平布置于蒸发室内并连通分配腔和回收腔，分布装置位于冷凝管束上方，喷淋的海水在冷凝管外形成液膜，由管内的蒸汽冷凝释放的相变热加热沸腾形成蒸汽。形成的蒸汽经由蒸汽出口管输送至压缩机，被压缩后的蒸汽的温度和压力都得到提高。压缩后的蒸汽经过与蒸发器相连的蒸汽入口管重新进入蒸发器的冷凝管内冷凝，释放出相变热加热管外的海水。冷凝液即淡水产品在分配腔和回收腔内富集，然后由冷凝淡水泵排出。蒸发器6内安装有压力检测设备、水温检测设备和盐水浓度检测设备。 In this example, the evaporator 6 is a falling film evaporator, specifically a horizontal tube falling film evaporator. This type of evaporator has the characteristics of good heat transfer performance and high evaporation intensity. The evaporator is composed of an evaporation chamber, a distribution chamber and a recovery chamber. It is a closed chamber isolated from each other. The condensation tube bundle is arranged horizontally in the evaporation chamber and connects the distribution chamber and the recovery chamber. The distribution device is located above the condensation tube bundle. A liquid film is formed on the outside, and the phase change heat released by the condensation of the steam in the tube is heated and boiled to form steam. The formed steam is transported to the compressor through the steam outlet pipe, and the temperature and pressure of the compressed steam are both increased. The compressed steam re-enters the condensing tube of the evaporator through the steam inlet tube connected to the evaporator to condense, releasing phase change heat to heat the seawater outside the tube. The condensate, that is, the fresh water product, is enriched in the distribution chamber and the recovery chamber, and then discharged by the condensed fresh water pump. Pressure detection equipment, water temperature detection equipment and brine concentration detection equipment are installed in the evaporator 6 .
本例中，机械蒸汽压缩机7为变频控制压缩机，并且配备有温度和压力检测设备。 In this example, the mechanical vapor compressor 7 is an inverter-controlled compressor, and is equipped with temperature and pressure detection equipment.
本例中，机械蒸汽压缩机7、蒸发器6、浓盐水循环泵8、热交换器2,3、海水分配控制阀组1等均与PLC控制柜连接并受控制。 In this example, mechanical steam compressor 7, evaporator 6, concentrated brine circulation pump 8, heat exchangers 2, 3, seawater distribution control valve group 1, etc. are all connected to and controlled by the PLC control cabinet.
应用实例Applications
采用本实用新型装置来进行海水淡化，淡水的出水比率为50%，包括连续进行的下列步骤： The device of the utility model is used to desalinate seawater, and the fresh water output ratio is 50%, including the following steps carried out continuously:
(1)、海水预热：约20℃的海水首先经过海水分配阀组1调节进入第二热交换器2、第一热交换器3的流量比率为1:1，第二热交换器2和第一热交换器3分别通入有温度约75℃的浓盐水和温度约80℃的冷凝淡水，通过换热，海水的温度提高至约70℃，蒸发产生的全部冷凝淡水均送入冷凝淡水换热器3进行换热，蒸发产生的浓盐水的90%送入浓盐水换热器2进行换热，换热后的浓盐水进入排放至浓盐水罐10。换热后的冷凝淡水产品输送至淡水罐12； (1) Seawater preheating: seawater at about 20°C first passes through the seawater distribution valve group 1 to adjust the flow ratio of the second heat exchanger 2 and the first heat exchanger 3 to 1:1, the second heat exchanger 2 and The first heat exchanger 3 is respectively fed with concentrated brine with a temperature of about 75°C and condensed fresh water with a temperature of about 80°C. Through heat exchange, the temperature of the seawater is increased to about 70°C, and all the condensed fresh water generated by evaporation is sent to the condensed fresh water The heat exchanger 3 performs heat exchange, and 90% of the concentrated brine produced by evaporation is sent to the concentrated brine heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange, and the heat-exchanged concentrated brine enters and is discharged to the concentrated brine tank 10 . The condensed fresh water product after heat exchange is delivered to the fresh water tank 12;
(2)、脱气：预热后的海水进入真空脱气塔4，脱除其中的溶解气，这些溶解气是室温不凝结的气体，包括氧气，氮气，二氧化碳等； (2), degassing: the preheated seawater enters the vacuum degassing tower 4 to remove dissolved gases therein, which are non-condensable gases at room temperature, including oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.;
(3)、蒸发：脱气后的海水与10%的浓盐水混合后进入降膜蒸发器6，在降膜蒸发器6中，海水经过分布装置后完成喷淋，喷淋的海水在冷凝管外吸热沸腾，部分形成蒸汽，蒸发在温度70℃以及压力45kPa下进行，形成的蒸汽由压缩机7压缩后提高温度至85℃和压力为57.8kPa后再重新进入蒸发器的冷凝管内冷凝产生冷凝淡水，同时加热管外的海水形成蒸汽。 (3), Evaporation: After the degassed seawater is mixed with 10% concentrated brine, it enters the falling film evaporator 6. In the falling film evaporator 6, the seawater is sprayed after passing through the distribution device, and the sprayed seawater is in the condenser tube. Boiling with external heat absorption, part of the steam is formed, and the evaporation is carried out at a temperature of 70°C and a pressure of 45kPa. The formed steam is compressed by the compressor 7 and then raised to 85°C and a pressure of 57.8kPa, and then re-enters the condensation tube of the evaporator to condense. The fresh water is condensed while the sea water outside the tube is heated to form steam. the
采取该装置和方法，生产100m3的淡化水，所需能耗为约2000kW.h，为采取传统机械再压缩海水淡化装置和方法所需能耗的25%左右。 Using the device and method to produce 100m 3 of desalinated water requires energy consumption of about 2000kW.h, which is about 25% of the energy consumption required by traditional mechanical recompression seawater desalination devices and methods.
以上对本实用新型做了详尽的描述，其目的在于让熟悉此领域技术的人士能够了解本实用新型的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本实用新型的保护范围，凡根据本实用新型的精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围内。 The utility model has been described in detail above, its purpose is to allow those familiar with the technology in this field to understand the content of the utility model and implement it, and can not limit the scope of protection of the utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in essence shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106082375A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-09 | 轶为机电设备（上海）有限公司 | A kind of evaporation type sea water desalting plant |
| CN106115828A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-16 | 重庆市三耕储节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of integrated low-temperature negative pressure sea water desalinating unit |
| CN107651805A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-02 | 青岛新欧亚能源有限公司 | Press vapour method sea water desalinating unit and method |
| CN110182873A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-30 | 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 | The portable light purification device of seawater |
| CN114604921A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-10 | 广东南大机器人有限公司 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN116655027A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-29 | 楚天华通医药设备有限公司 | Water for injection preparation device |
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- 2014-10-16 CN CN201420597781.2U patent/CN204151180U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106115828A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-16 | 重庆市三耕储节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of integrated low-temperature negative pressure sea water desalinating unit |
| CN106082375A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-09 | 轶为机电设备（上海）有限公司 | A kind of evaporation type sea water desalting plant |
| CN107651805A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-02-02 | 青岛新欧亚能源有限公司 | Press vapour method sea water desalinating unit and method |
| CN110182873A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-30 | 温州大学激光与光电智能制造研究院 | The portable light purification device of seawater |
| CN114604921A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-10 | 广东南大机器人有限公司 | Seawater desalination system |
| CN116655027A (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-29 | 楚天华通医药设备有限公司 | Water for injection preparation device |
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