CN100498132C - Heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump system - Google Patents
Heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100498132C CN100498132C CNB2007101900623A CN200710190062A CN100498132C CN 100498132 C CN100498132 C CN 100498132C CN B2007101900623 A CNB2007101900623 A CN B2007101900623A CN 200710190062 A CN200710190062 A CN 200710190062A CN 100498132 C CN100498132 C CN 100498132C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar energy hot pump device integrating the functions of heat collection, energy storage and evaporation. Combining a solar energy heat collector, an energy storing container and an evaporator of a hot pump system to a whole, the invention accelerates the heat collecting efficiency of the solar energy heat collector, strengthens the heat exchanging efficiency between the refrigerating fluid in the evaporating tube of the hot pump system and the energy storing medium, thereby ensuring the running with high efficiency and stable ability of the whole energy sorting solar energy hot pump device. The solar energy hot pump device comprises a compressor(1), an enclosed loop which consists of a coolant tube of a water-cooling condenser(2), a heat swelling valve(3), an evaporator(4), a water pump(12) and a water tank(13), wherein, the compressor(1), the coolant tube of the water-cooling condenser(2), the heat swelling valve(3), and the evaporator(4) are serially connected with an enclosed loop, while the water-cooling tube of the water-cooling condenser(2), the water pump(12) and the water tank(13) are connected in series with an enclosed loop, wherein, the evaporator(4) adopts the solar energy heat collecting/hot pump evaporator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is based on the basis of the characteristic of solar thermal collector and heat pump theory, adopts the proposition multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump based on the enhanced heat exchange technology.Relate to solar utilization technique, heat storage technology, enhanced heat exchange technology and heat pump techniques.
Background technology
The generation of energy crisis and aggravation have started worldwide energy-conservation upsurge.Solar energy obtains domestic and international researcher's generally favor with the advantage that it is a clean energy resource, energy is huge.Heat pump can promote heat energy, has energy-conservation advantage, and solar energy is combined with heat pump, can be further energy-conservation with rationally utilize energy, have better heat production efficient.
Yet, because discontinuity and the weather dependent form of solar energy, common solar heat pump night and continuous overcast and rainy can't operate as normal, solar energy heat pump system and energy accumulating technique are combined, can be good at the shortcoming that resolution system can not move continuously.
Latent heat accumulator has advantages such as energy storage density is big, variations in temperature is little, causes the common concern of Chinese scholars, and is widely used.It is arranged apart that present accumulating type solar heat pump mostly is heat collector, storage heater, evaporimeter, realize heat exchange between solar energy and accumulation of energy medium by middle heat transferring medium-adopt usually water, again by the heat transmission between middle heat transferring medium realization solar energy and evaporimeter or accumulation of energy medium and evaporimeter.Because heat transferring medium in the middle of twice use, promptly three heat exchange-solar energy are with water heat exchange, water and energy-accumulation material heat exchange, water and evaporation coil heat exchange, make heat loss and manufacturing cost increase, be the interior heat transferring medium of heat collector owing to making water simultaneously, temperature is higher in the heat collector, and the thermal-arrest loss is bigger.
Harvest can thermal-arrest to evaporate in the solar energy heat pump system of one and adopt multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump to adopt that single assembly solves solar absorption, energy stores and discharge, heat exchange link in the middle of reducing is saved manufacturing cost.Yet because the complexity of phase transition process, the heat exchange efficiency during phase transformation between phase-change material and heat exchanger changes greatly, and most inorganic phase-changing material exists, and degree of supercooling is big, the corroding metal pipeline; The organic phase change material thermal conductivity factor is low, phase transformation front and back Volume Changes is big, make the development and the use of evaporator direct heat transfer of accumulation of energy medium and heat pump be restricted, common accumulating type air-conditioning system adopts the two-stage heat exchanger, medium that heat exchange properties such as elder generation's employing water are good and energy-accumulation material carry out heat exchange and absorb/release energy, water after will heating up then/lowering the temperature and evaporation or condenser carry out heat exchange release/absorption energy, to guarantee the stable and efficient operation of air-conditioning system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump system, solve traditional energy-accumulation material can not with the problem of the evaporimeter direct heat transfer of heat pump, optimize and harvest and can evaporate in the overall performance of the solar energy heat pump system of one by thermal-arrest.
Technical scheme: heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation of the present invention, comprise compressor, water-cooled condenser, heating power expansion valve, evaporimeter, water pump, water tank, it is characterized in that compressor, the refrigerant pipe of water-cooled condenser, heating power expansion valve, the evaporator series of this device connect into the loop of a closure, water-cooled condenser water cooling tube, water pump, water tank are serially connected in the loop of a closure, wherein, evaporimeter adopts solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump.
Described evaporimeter comprises accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube, refrigerant evaporation pipe, diffuse reflector, accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube has many parallel alternate arrangements, be provided with the refrigerant evaporation pipe in accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube, the side outside accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube is provided with diffuse reflector.
The outer wall of described accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube is a vacuum heat collection pipe, be provided with the refrigerant evaporation pipe in the centre of vacuum heat collection pipe, fill with the capsule/keg of inner encapsulation phase-change material between vacuum heat collection pipe and refrigerant evaporation pipe, fill with water the gap between capsule/keg and vacuum heat collection pipe and refrigerant evaporation pipe.
Described refrigerant evaporation pipe is with fin outward.Refrigerant evaporation pipe in described each accumulating type thermal-arrest steam-generating bank interconnects in parallel.Capsule/the keg of employed inner encapsulation phase-change material is the soft capsule of making by sol-gel processing, or plastics or metal rectangle or spherical keg.It is rectangle or triangle, trapezoidal that the refrigerant evaporation pipe is with fin shape outward, and the arrangement form of fin adopts and is coiled on the refrigerant evaporation pipe with spirality, and the material of fin is copper, aluminium, iron or its alloy.
System work process is as follows: vacuum heat collection pipe absorption storage of solar energy is in the accumulation of energy medium or provide heat to the evaporimeter in the heat pump, cold-producing medium in the evaporimeter enters compressor after absorbing the heat of vaporization that stores in solar energy or the accumulation of energy medium, entering condenser after compressed machine pressurization heats up will discharge to cooling medium-water, through entering multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump evaporation after the heating power expansion valve throttling, so finish-individual circulation again.After heating up, the heat absorption of cooling water in the condenser offers life with hot water or heating.
Beneficial effect: the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. adopt capsule/keg encapsulation phase-change material, because the variation of solid-liquid phase density causes and the separating of heat exchange wall, make heat exchange even in the time of can preventing the phase-change material phase transformation, improve heat exchange efficiency.
2. because the heat conduction and the heat convection of water are functional, capsule/keg is leaked water outward, can improve the heat exchange efficiency between thermal-collecting tube and energy storage materials of phase change and refrigerant evaporation pipe and energy storage materials of phase change greatly.
3. add the fin reinforcing heat exchange, further the heat transmission between enhanced water evaporation coil pipe and accumulation of energy medium.
4. this multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the evaporimeter of solar thermal collector, accumulation of energy medium, heat pump greatly, store the solar energy that heat collector absorbs fast, improve instantaneous collecting efficiency, for the operation of the efficient stable of heat pump provides safeguard.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the solar energy heat pump system figure that uses the heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral of this multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump.Wherein have: 1 compressor, 2 water-cooled condensers, 3 heating power expansion valves, 4 multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporators with heat pump, 5 accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tubes, 12 water pumps, 13 water tanks.
Fig. 2 is accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube figure.Wherein have: 6 refrigerant evaporation pipes, 7 water, 8 diffuse reflectors, 9 vacuum heat collection pipes, 10PCM capsule/keg, 11 fins.
Fig. 3 is the transverse cross-sectional view of accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of the accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube of amplification.
The specific embodiment
Described multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump is applied to accumulation of energy thermal-arrest evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation, this integrated apparatus is made up of compressor, condenser, heating power expansion valve, multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump, water pump, water tank and connecting pipe, as shown in Figure 1.The interior vacuum heat collection pipe of U type evaporation coil and energy-accumulation material of arranging is arranged in parallel on solar heat-collection plate, vacuum tube is down for overflowing expelling plate, the U type that enters the vacuum heat-collecting tube bank arranges that the refrigerant evaporation pipe links to each other in parallel, after being responsible for the vacuum heat collection pipe of delivering to built-in energy-accumulation material respectively, be responsible for the unified compressor that enters through the refrigerant tubing behind the heating power expansion valve through refrigerant outlet, again through linking to each other with heating power expansion valve behind the water-cooled condenser, the other end of heating power expansion valve places on the refrigerant outlet house steward after the steam-generating bank of accumulating type thermal-arrest.
When Volume Changes caused PCM to follow loose contact of heat exchange wall and PCM directly to contact with evaporator pipeline when the present invention adopted the form of PCM (Phase Change Material) capsule or keg encapsulation phase-change material to solve the energy storage materials of phase change phase transformation to the etching problem of metallic conduit (problem that the employing inorganic salts exist during for phase-change material), during the phase transformation of wall phase-change material, because solid-liquid phase density difference, float situation to liquid phase P CM of solid phase PCM may appear, the form that adopts capsule or keg to encapsulate can be avoided the generation of above situation, makes whole multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump uniformity of temperature profile.Fill with water gap at PCM capsule or keg, can strengthen the heat exchange effect of whole heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation device, realize the transmission of heat as soon as possible, make the Temperature Distribution that guarantees in the heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation pipe more even, it is efficient thereby the interbank heat transmission of the refrigerant evaporation that guarantees accumulation of energy medium-water and PCM capsule/keg and heat pump is stablized, simultaneously outside steam-generating bank, add fin, can further strengthen the evaporimeter of heat pump and the heat exchange efficiency between the accumulation of energy medium.
This system has reduced the repeatedly middle heat exchange step of traditional accumulating type solar heat pump water heater system, has reduced heat loss, saves cost; And owing to the use of multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump, reduced the transient temperature of heat collector, solar energy heating efficient is raise; Because the effect of accumulation of energy medium makes the evaporating temperature of heat pump reduced greatly by the influence of external environment, strengthened the stability of heat pump operation when improving operation of heat pump efficient simultaneously.
When adopting capsule or keg encapsulation phase-change material (PCM) can solve the phase-change material phase transformation because the heat exchange inequality and the heat exchange effect deterioration problem that cause with heat exchange wall local detachment that the variation of solid-liquid phase density causes, capsule can adopt the preparation of sol/gel method, also can adopt ready-made plastics keg encapsulation, existing on the market at present Related product; The outer fin of refrigerant evaporation pipe adopts the form of spiral surrounding outside evaporation tube; Because the thermal conductivity of water is higher relatively, heat exchange property is good, when temperature distributing disproportionation is even in multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump, can also carry out heat convection, quicken the homogenising of Temperature Distribution in multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump, therefore sentencing water in vacuum tube collector, refrigerant evaporation pipe and phase transformation capsule/keg intermediate gaps fills, can greatly must improve the whole heat exchange effect of this multi-functional thermal-arrest/evaporimeter, water itself also is a kind of energy-accumulating medium simultaneously, can store certain sensible heat amount; Vacuum heat collection pipe is laid diffuse reflector down, can increase the solar energy that enters vacuum tube, improves collecting efficiency, and this technology is ripe at present, realizes easily; The evaporation tube of heat pump is arranged in the vacuum heat collection pipe with U-shaped, the refrigerant evaporation pipe adopts form in parallel to connect in the different accumulating type thermal-arrest steam-generating banks, compare with series system, can make the interior Temperature Distribution of whole multifunctional efficient solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump more even.
The present invention is serially connected in the loop of a closure by refrigerant pipe, heating power expansion valve 3, the evaporimeter 4 of compressor 1, water-cooled condenser 2, water-cooled condenser 2 water cooling tubes, water pump 12, water tank 13 are serially connected in the loop of a closure, wherein, evaporimeter 4 adopts solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump, this evaporimeter is by refrigerant evaporation pipe 6, diffuse reflector 8, vacuum heat collection pipe 9, PCM capsule/keg 10 and fin 11 are formed.The refrigerant evaporation pipe 6 of heat pump is arranged in the vacuum heat collection pipe 9 with U-shaped, refrigerant evaporation pipe 6 adopts form in parallel to connect in different accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube 5 bundles, the refrigerant evaporation pipe 6 outer fins 11 of arranging, fin 11 is shaped as rectangle or triangle, trapezoidal, the arrangement form of fin 11 adopts and is coiled on the refrigerant evaporation pipe 6 with spirality, and the material of fin 11 is copper, aluminium, iron or its alloy.Fill with the phase-change material 10 of capsule or keg encapsulation in the middle of refrigerant evaporation pipe and the vacuum heat collection pipe, fill with water 7 middle gap.Vacuum heat collection pipe arranges down and overflows expelling plate 8, obtains more solar energy with more high efficiency.Capsule/the keg of employed inner encapsulation phase-change material is the soft capsule of making by sol-gel method, or plastics or metal rectangle or spherical keg.
Claims (6)
1. heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation, comprise compressor (1), water-cooled condenser (2), heating power expansion valve (3), evaporimeter (4), water pump (12), water tank (13), it is characterized in that compressor (1), the refrigerant pipe of water-cooled condenser (2), heating power expansion valve (3), the evaporimeter (4) of this device are serially connected in the loop of a closure, water-cooled condenser (2) water cooling tube, water pump (12), water tank (13) are serially connected in the loop of a closure, wherein, evaporimeter (4) adopts solar energy heating/evaporator with heat pump; Described evaporimeter (4) comprises accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube (5), refrigerant evaporation pipe (6), diffuse reflector (8), accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube (5) has many parallel alternate arrangements, be provided with refrigerant evaporation pipe (6) in accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube (5), the side outside accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube (5) is provided with diffuse reflector (8).
2. heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation according to claim 1, the outer wall that it is characterized in that described accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube (5) is vacuum heat collection pipe (9), be provided with refrigerant evaporation pipe (6) in the centre of vacuum heat collection pipe (9), fill with the capsule/keg of inner encapsulation phase-change material between vacuum heat collection pipe (9) and refrigerant evaporation pipe (6), the gap Yi Shui (7) between capsule/keg and vacuum heat collection pipe (9) and refrigerant evaporation pipe (6) fills.
3. heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the outer fin (11) that is with of described refrigerant evaporation pipe (6).
4. heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that the refrigerant evaporation pipe (6) in described each accumulating type thermal-arrest evaporation tube (5) bundle interconnects in parallel.
5. heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation according to claim 2, capsule/the keg that it is characterized in that employed inner encapsulation phase-change material is the soft capsule of making by the sol/gel method, or plastics or metal rectangle or spherical keg.
6. heat-collecting energy-storage evaporation integral solar energy heat pump installation according to claim 3, it is characterized in that being with fin (11) outside the refrigerant evaporation pipe (6) is shaped as rectangle or triangle, trapezoidal, the arrangement form of fin (11) adopts and is coiled on the refrigerant evaporation pipe (6) with spirality, and the material of fin (11) is copper, aluminium, iron or its alloy.
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