CN104585563B - It is a kind of to utilize the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice - Google Patents
It is a kind of to utilize the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is a kind of to utilize the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice, this method is that cadmium content pulverizes and sieves for more than 0.2mg/kg rice sample, add deionized water, again by the mixed fermentation bacteria suspension access of seed culture fluid containing Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid wherein, constant temperature is left to ferment, the heavy metal cadmium ion that rice meal after fermentation is separated out by washing and centrifugal dehydration, removing rice middle reaches, finally dries the rice meal wet slag after centrifugation.Using the inventive method, the removal efficiency of cadmium is up to more than 70% in rice；Rice meal after dehydration can be used as feed or for producing fermentation rice-flour noodles after heated-air drying.The present invention can not only effectively reduce the content of heavy metal cadmium in rice, and can effectively solve the Utilizing question of the exceeded rice of cadmium.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice deep process technology field, and in particular to one kind is removed in rice using lactobacillus-fermented is compounded
The method of heavy metal cadmium.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of staple food of whole world most people, and China resident three meals in a day are even more to be unable to do without rice, therefore
The yield and quality problems of paddy are paid much attention to by compatriots.
However, national pollution of heavy metals in rice problem is serious in recent years.The Ministry of Agriculture once carries out security sampling observation, knot to rice
Fruit shows that wherein heavy metals exceeding standard most serious is lead, next to that cadmium.And either the Ministry of Agriculture sampling observation or scholars tune
Looking into research, all to show that the rice that 10% is there are about in Chinese market has cadmium exceeded.Being exposed by the media after 2013, " cadmium surpasses Hunan rice
After mark " event, Hunan Province's paddy quality safety problem just enjoys all circles to pay close attention to.Hunan Province is the big province of Rice Cropping, is also water
Rice high yield area, but be also " severely afflicated area " by heavy metal pollution according to investigations.
The rice of heavy metals exceeding standard can not only make China's Foreign Trade and economical by huge loss, can also be strong to human body
Health produces serious threaten.Be related in recent years prevent and treat heavy metal pollution in terms of report and achievement in research it is a lot of, but all be utilize
Some new techniques repair contaminated by heavy metals soil and water body, for the skill of heavy metal in directly abatement rice or rice made products
Art report it is particularly rarely seen, and breed breeding, soil remediation, fertilizer control etc. heavy metal abatement technology effect it is slow.Have
Report both at home and abroad, the heavy metal in rice is mainly distributed on the higher position of protein content, and main with protein
The form of (particularly metallothionein) reference state is present, and also has part to be combined with cellulose, hemicellulose.Liu Jing（2013）
The changing rule of content of beary metal is found that during rice is soaked；Some scholars also by experiment prove eluriate, immersion,
Heating can reduce the content of beary metal in rice to a certain extent, but the removal efficiency of heavy metal is all relatively low.Wang Feng
（2003）Rice powder component after soaking fermentation is studied, it is found that protein and content of ashes significantly drop in rice meal
Low, from side illustration, fermentation is effective for the removing of heavy metal for this, but not to the further research of this development.
Zhou Xianqing（2010）Pure-blood ferment is carried out to ground rice Deng with different microorganisms, is as a result shown：Lactobacillus plantarum changes to ground rice
Property effect preferably, have the sour enzymatic productivity of higher production mainly due to it, protein and ash can be substantially reduced during the fermentation
Divide content.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the drawbacks described above for overcoming prior art, there is provided the utilization that a kind of technique is simple, cost is low
The method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice, this method can effectively reduce the content of heavy metal cadmium in rice,
It is significant to the Utilizing question of the effectively solution exceeded rice of cadmium.
For up to above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind removes rice using lactobacillus-fermented is compounded
The method of middle heavy metal cadmium, this method step is as follows：
（1）Cadmium content is exceeded（Exceed national standard 0.2mg/kg）Rice crushed 40-60 mesh sieves；
（2）Add the ratio of 4-6mL deionized waters in 1g rice meals, deionized water is added in the rice meal after sieving, mix
It is even, obtain rice slurries；
（3）By Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid by volume 2:1 mixing, is then pressed
3-5%（v/v）Inoculum concentration be linked into rice slurries, in 37-43 DEG C of constant temperature standing for fermentation 18-30h, filtering removes fermentation
Liquid, obtains fermentation rice meal；
Above-mentioned Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid is to take Lactobacillus plantarum（Lactobacillus plantarum）Inclined-plane
After actication of culture, in the MRS broth bouillons after access sterilizing, in 37-42 DEG C of constant temperature quiescent culture 24-48h, it is made.It is above-mentioned
Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid is to take Pediococcus pentosaceus（Pediococcus pentosaceus）Slant strains activation after,
In MRS broth bouillons after access sterilizing, in 37-42 DEG C of constant temperature quiescent culture 24-48h, it is made.Obtained Lactobacillus plantarum
The bacteria containing amount of seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid is 108-109cfu/mL。
The Lactobacillus plantarum of above-mentioned use and Pediococcus pentosaceus are existing strain, such as Lactobacillus plantarum：CICC20718、
CICC20039, CICC20390 etc., Pediococcus pentosaceus：CICC22737, CICC21865, CICC22227 etc..
（4）Fermentation rice meal is cleaned with deionized water 2-4 times, the consumption of each deionized water is fermentation rice meal weight
3-5 times, add the deionized water of 2-5 times of rice meal weight of fermenting, centrifugal filtration, by filter residue in 45-60 DEG C of heated-air drying extremely
Water content is 11-13%, obtains removing the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium.Wherein, rotating speed during centrifugation is 3000-5000r/min, when
Between be 5-10min.
In order to remove the heavy metal cadmium in rice, it is necessary to which protein molecule therein is removed or incited somebody to action using protease or acid
Harmonic Protein Molecular Chains are opened, so as to interrupt the associative key of protein and cadmium, heavy metal cadmium ion is separated from protein molecule
Out, then by washing, the cadmium of separate out is made to be separated with rice meal.The present invention is sent out using Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus
The metabolites such as the lactic acid that ferment is produced remove a huge sum of money in heavy metal cadmium of the cadmium content in more than 0.2mg/kg rice meal, rice
Belong to the clearance of cadmium more than 70%, the de- cadmium rice meal of acquisition is used as feed or for producing fermentation rice-flour noodles.The letter of this method technique
The removal efficiency of single reliable and cadmium is higher, with wide market application foreground and significant economic results in society.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
The rice sample for taking 10g cadmium contents to be 0.6479mg/kg crushed 40 mesh sieves, added 40mL deionized waters, mixed,
Rice slurries are made；The slant strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus are cultivated into 24h respectively at 42 DEG C and 37 DEG C again, carried out
Actication of culture；The slant strains single bacterium colony of the Lactobacillus plantarum activated and Pediococcus pentosaceus is respectively connected to the MRS after sterilizing
In broth bouillon, respectively at 42 DEG C and 37 DEG C of constant temperature quiescent culture 48h, Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and penta is made respectively
Sugar-tablet coccus seed culture fluid；Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid are pressed 2:1（v/v）Ratio
Example mixing, by 3%（v/v）Inoculum concentration is linked into rice slurries, and 24h is left to ferment in constant temperature at 40 DEG C；Treat that fermentation is finished, will
Zymotic fluid is filtered, and obtains fermentation rice meal, is had one's hair wash ferment rice meal 3 times with the deionized water of 3-5 times of rice meal weight of fermenting, then Jia 3
The deionized water for rice meal weight of fermenting again, is dehydrated with centrifuge（5000r/min, 5min）, finally by filter residue in 45 DEG C
Heated-air drying to water content is 11%, obtains removing the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium.After testing, the residual quantity of wherein cadmium is
0.0870mg/kg, the removal efficiency less than national standard 0.2mg/kg, and cadmium is up to 86.60%, illustrates that this embodiment can have
Heavy metal cadmium in effect removing rice.
Control 1：Lactic acid bacteria culturers are not accessed in rice slurries（That is Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus）Fermentation（Other
Part be the same as Example 1）, spontaneous fermentation is only relied on, rice meal is under immersion and the spontaneous fermentation effect of deionized water, cadmium in rice
Removal efficiency only has 26.88%.
Control 2：Lactic acid bacteria culturers are not accessed in rice slurries（That is Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus）Fermentation, and at it
It is middle addition 0.3% benzoic acid receive solution control spontaneous fermentation（Other condition be the same as Examples 1）, immersion of the rice meal in deionized water
Under effect, the removal efficiency of cadmium is only 5.78% in rice.
Control 3：When Pediococcus pentosaceus fermentation is only accessed in rice slurries（Other condition be the same as Examples 1）, rice meal is penta
Under sugar-tablet coccus fermentation, the removal efficiency of cadmium is only 47.99% in rice.
Control 4：When Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation is only accessed in rice slurries（Other condition be the same as Examples 1）, rice meal is in plant
Under the effect of thing lactobacillus ferment, the removal efficiency of cadmium is only 48.90% in rice.
Embodiment 2
The rice sample for taking 10g cadmium contents to be 0.4783mg/kg crushed 50 mesh sieves, added 50mL deionized waters, mixed,
Rice slurries are made；The slant strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus are cultivated into 24h respectively at 42 DEG C and 37 DEG C again, carried out
Actication of culture；The slant strains single bacterium colony of the Lactobacillus plantarum activated and Pediococcus pentosaceus is respectively connected to the MRS after sterilizing
In broth bouillon, respectively at 37 DEG C and 42 DEG C of constant temperature quiescent culture 24h, Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and penta is made respectively
Sugar-tablet coccus seed culture fluid；Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid are pressed 2:1（v/v）Ratio
Example mixing, by 5%（v/v）Inoculum concentration is linked into rice slurries, and 18h is left to ferment in constant temperature at 43 DEG C；Treat that fermentation is finished, will
Zymotic fluid is filtered, and obtains fermentation rice meal, fermentation rice meal is cleaned with the deionized water of 3-5 times of rice meal weight of fermenting 2 times, then is added
The deionized water of 5 times of fermentation rice meal weight, is dehydrated with centrifuge（4000r/min, 8min）, finally by filter residue in 52 DEG C
Heated-air drying to water content is 12%, obtains removing the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium.After testing, the residual quantity of wherein cadmium is
0.1146mg/kg, the removal efficiency less than national standard 0.2mg/kg, and cadmium is up to 76.04%, illustrates that this embodiment can be effective
Remove the heavy metal cadmium in rice.
Embodiment 3
The rice sample for taking 10g cadmium contents to be 0.8095mg/kg crushed 60 mesh sieves, added 60mL deionized waters, mixed,
Rice slurries are made；The slant strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus are cultivated into 24h respectively at 42 DEG C and 37 DEG C again, carried out
Actication of culture；The slant strains single bacterium colony of the Lactobacillus plantarum activated and Pediococcus pentosaceus is respectively connected to the MRS after sterilizing
In broth bouillon, respectively at 40 DEG C and 39 DEG C of constant temperature quiescent culture 36h, Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and penta is made respectively
Sugar-tablet coccus seed culture fluid；Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid are pressed 2:1（v/v）Ratio
Example mixing, by 4%（v/v）Inoculum concentration is linked into rice slurries, and 30h is left to ferment in constant temperature at 37 DEG C；Treat that fermentation is finished, will
Zymotic fluid is filtered, and obtains fermentation rice meal, fermentation rice meal is cleaned with the deionized water of 3-5 times of rice meal weight of fermenting 4 times, then is added
The deionized water of 2 times of fermentation rice meal weight, is dehydrated with centrifuge（3000r/min, 10min）, finally by filter residue in 60
DEG C heated-air drying to water content is 13%, obtains removing the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium.After testing, the residual quantity of wherein cadmium is
0.1091mg/kg, the removal efficiency less than national standard 0.2mg/kg, and cadmium is up to 86.52%, illustrates that this embodiment can be effective
Remove the heavy metal cadmium in rice.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of utilize the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice meal, it is characterised in that this method step
It is as follows：
(1) the exceeded rice of cadmium content was crushed into 40-60 mesh sieves；
(2) add the ratio of 4-6mL deionized waters in 1g rice meals, deionized water is added in the rice meal after sieving, mix, obtain
Rice slurries；
(3) by Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid by volume 2:1 mixing, then by 3-
5% inoculum concentration is linked into rice slurries, and in 37-43 DEG C of constant temperature standing for fermentation 18-30h, filtering removes zymotic fluid, must sent out
Ferment rice meal；Wherein, the bacteria containing amount of the Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid is 108-
109cfu/mL；
(4) fermentation rice meal is cleaned with deionized water 2-4 times, the consumption of each deionized water is the 3-5 of fermentation rice meal weight
Times, add the deionized water of 2-5 times of rice meal weight of fermenting, centrifugal filtration, by filter residue in 45-60 DEG C of heated-air drying to aqueous
Measure as 11-13%, obtain removing the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium, the cadmium content of the rice meal of the removing heavy metal cadmium is marked less than country
Quasi- 0.2mg/kg.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of using the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice meal, it is special
Levy and be, Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid and Pediococcus pentosaceus seed culture fluid are to take plant breast respectively in the step (3)
After the slant strains activation of bacillus and Pediococcus pentosaceus, it is respectively connected in the MRS broth bouillons after sterilizing, in 37-42 DEG C of perseverance
Warm quiescent culture 24-48h, is made.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of using the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice meal, it is special
Levy and be, rotating speed when being centrifuged in the step (4) is 3000-5000r/min, and the time is 5-10min.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of using the method for compounding heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus-fermented removing rice meal, it is special
Levy and be, the de- cadmium rice meal obtained in the step (4) is used as feed or for producing fermentation rice-flour noodles.
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