CN104489489B - Method for reducing heavy metal cadmium in rice by utilizing mixed fermentation of lactobacillus and saccharomycetes - Google Patents
Method for reducing heavy metal cadmium in rice by utilizing mixed fermentation of lactobacillus and saccharomycetes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing heavy metal cadmium in rice by utilizing mixed fermentation of lactobacillus and saccharomycetes. The method comprises the following steps of crushing and sieving a rice sample with the cadmium content exceeding the standard (0.2mg/kg above), adding deionized water, charging mixed fermentation bacterium suspension of lactobacillus plantarum, brewer's yeast and lactobacillus acidophilus, stewing and fermenting at constant temperature, washing and centrifugally dehydrating the fermented rice flour, removing the fractionated heavy metal cadmium ion in rice, then drying the centrifuged wet rice flour residues so as to obtain the rice flour with reduced heavy metal cadmium. By adopting the method, the reduction rate of heavy metal cadmium in the rice sample reaches 85% above; drying the dehydrated rice flour for acting as a feed or for producing fermented rice flour. According to the invention, not only can the content of heavy metal cadmium in rice be reduced effectively, but also the utilization issue of rice with cadmium exceeding the standard is solved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice deep process technology field, and in particular to one kind is disappeared using lactobacillus and saccharomycete mixed fermentation
The method for subtracting heavy metal cadmium in rice.
Background technology
In recent years, due to industrial expansion, the soil of rice cultivation is contaminated, and causes rice heavy metal cadmium exceeded tight
Weight.Zhang Liangyun（2009）It was found that；The rice cadmium content of south China more than 30% exceeds the mg/ of state food safety standard value 0.2
kg.The exceeded present situation of rice and its rice made products cadmium needs improvement badly, but both domestic and external in recent years about research：Rice breeding, soil
The methods such as earth improvement fail acquirement remarkable effect and are promoted.Liu Jing（2013）Weight is found that during immersion rice
The Changing Pattern of tenor；Some scholars prove to eluriate, soak, heat and can drop to a certain extent also by experiment
Content of beary metal in low rice, but the removal efficiency of heavy metal is all relatively low.Wang Feng（2003）To the rice meal after soaking fermentation
Component is studied, it is found that protein and content of ashes are significantly reduced in rice meal, this from side illustration fermentation for weight
The removing of metal is effective, but not to the further research of this development.Zhou Xianqing（2010）Deng with different micro- lifes
Thing carries out pure-blood ferment to ground rice, as a result shows：Lactobacillus plantarum to the modified effect of ground rice preferably, mainly due to it have compared with
High product acid enzymatic productivity, can substantially reduce during the fermentation protein and content of ashes.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the drawbacks described above of prior art, there is provided a kind of process is simple, the utilization of low cost
Using the method for heavy metal cadmium in lactobacillus and saccharomycete mixed fermentation abatement rice, this method can effectively reduce a huge sum of money in rice
The content of category cadmium, it is significant to the Utilizing question of the exceeded rice of effectively solving cadmium.
It is that, up to above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind is using lactobacillus and saccharomycete mixed fermentation
The method of heavy metal cadmium in abatement rice, the method step is as follows：
（1）Cadmium content is exceeded（Exceed national standard 0.2mg/kg）Rice crushed 40-60 mesh sieves；
（2）Add the ratio of 4-6mL deionized waters in 1g rice meals, in the rice meal after sieving deionized water is added, mix
It is even, obtain rice slurries；
（3）Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid, saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid and lactobacillus acidophilus seed culture fluid are pressed
Volume ratio 7:6:7 mixing, are then linked in rice slurries, in 35-39 DEG C of constant temperature standing for fermentation 16- by the inoculation weight of 5-8%
32h, filters, and removes zymotic fluid, obtains fermentation rice meal；
Above-mentioned Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid is to take Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium solution aseptically by the inoculation weight of 2-5%
Amount is accessed in the MRS broth bouillons of sterilizing, and the incubated 24-36h at 37 DEG C is diluted to concentration and reaches 1 × 108 cfu/
ml-9×108 Cfu/ml.
Above-mentioned Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium solution is prepared as prior art, can refer to document：Zhou Xianqing, Tao Huatang, Wang Xuefeng.
The optimization [J] of Lactobacillus plantarum rice fermentation condition. and He'nan University of Technology's journal (natural science edition, 2013,34 (6).
Above-mentioned saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid is aseptically to be inoculated into oese scraping saccharomyces cerevisiae inclined-plane bacterium
In YPD culture mediums, the incubated 24-36h at 30 DEG C is diluted to concentration for 1 × 107cfu/ml-9×107Cfu/ml.
Above-mentioned lactobacillus acidophilus seed culture fluid is the MRS meat soup cultures sterilized by 5ml lactobacillus acidophilus freeze-dryings powder plus 1ml
The ratio of base, adds the MRS broth bouillons of sterilizing, vibration to make lactobacillus acidophilus freeze-drying powder complete in lactobacillus acidophilus freeze-drying powder
Portion is dissolved into after suspension, is inoculated with the MRS broth bouillons that weight accesses sterilizing by 2-5%, 24-36h is cultivated at 37 DEG C, directly
There is white precipitate to bacterium solution muddiness, be finally diluted to concentration for 1 × 106 cfu/ml-9×106 Cfu/ml.
Above-mentioned Lactobacillus plantarum（L.plantarum）, saccharomyces cerevisiae（S.cerevisiae）And lactobacillus acidophilus
（L.acidophilus）Using bacterial classification be existing bacterial classification, such as Lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC 1.555, GIM1.648,
GIM1.82, GIM1.140, GIM1.380, GIM1.191, saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC9763, GIM2.200, GIM2.207,
GIM2.139, GIM2.137, GIM2.133, GIM2.131, lactobacillus acidophilus GIM1.208, GIM1.731, GIM1.412,
GIM1.321 etc..
（4）Deionized water cleaning fermentation rice meal 2-4 time, each deionization consumption is the 2-5 of fermentation rice meal weight
Times, last time cleaning adopts centrifugal filtration, and filter residue is less than into 14% in 45-60 DEG C of heated-air drying to moisture, obtains a huge sum of money
The rice meal of category cadmium abatement.
The microorganism that rice plays a major role in natural immersion sweat be Lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus acidophilus and
Saccharomyces cerevisiae etc., superior microorganism species of the present invention in natural immersion fermentation, chooses with heavy metal consumption
Bacterial classification, carries out inoculation fermentation and produces acid, opens by protein molecule removing or by Harmonic Protein Molecular Chains, so as to interrupt protein and cadmium
Associative key, cut down heavy metal cadmium of the cadmium content in the rice of more than 0.2mg/kg.Heavy metal cadmium goes in rice
Except rate is more than 85%.The de- cadmium rice meal for obtaining is used as feed or for producing fermentation rice-flour noodles.This method simple and reliable process,
And the removal efficiency of cadmium is higher, with wide market application foreground and significant economic results in society.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments the invention will be further described.
The preparation of Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid：Take the MRS that Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium solution aseptically accesses sterilizing
In broth bouillon, inoculum concentration is 4%, the incubated 28h at 37 DEG C, is diluted to concentration and reaches 7 × 108 cfu/ml。
The preparation of saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid：Aseptically it is inoculated into oese scraping saccharomyces cerevisiae inclined-plane bacterium
In YPD culture mediums, the incubated 28h at 30 DEG C is diluted to concentration for 6 × 107 cfu/ml 。
The preparation of lactobacillus acidophilus seed culture fluid：Add the MRS broth cultivations of 1ml sterilizings by 5ml lactobacillus acidophilus freeze-drying powder
The ratio of foster base, adds the MRS broth bouillons of sterilizing, vibration to make lactobacillus acidophilus freeze-drying powder in lactobacillus acidophilus freeze-drying powder
All it is dissolved into after suspension, accesses in the MRS broth bouillons of sterilizing by 3% inoculation weight, 28h is cultivated at 37 DEG C, until bacterium
Liquid muddiness has white precipitate, is finally diluted to concentration for 7 × 106 cfu/ml。
Embodiment 1
Lactobacillus plantarum nutrient solution, saccharomyces cerevisiae nutrient solution and lactobacillus acidophilus nutrient solution are taken, by volume 7：6：7 mixing
Make mixed fermentation seed liquor；The rice that heavy metal cadmium content is 0.4mg/kg is taken, grinds cross 60 mesh sieves, by 1g rice meals
Plus the ratio of 4ml deionized waters, deionized water is added in rice meal, mix, make rice slurries；Add in rice slurries
8%（w/w）Mixed fermentation seed liquor, standing for fermentation 32h under 35 DEG C of temperature conditionss is filtered, and removes zymotic fluid, obtains fermentation rice
Powder；Deionized water cleaning fermentation rice meal 3 times, the consumption of each deionized water is 5 times of fermentation rice meal weight, last
Using centrifugation during secondary cleaning（3000rpm, 10min）Filter and remove deionized water, by filter residue（Fermentation rice meal）In 45 DEG C of hot blasts
It is 13.5% to be dried to water content, obtains the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium abatement.After testing, cadmium content is in obtained rice meal
0.049mg/kg, less than national standard 0.2mg/kg, cadmium cut rate is 87.6% in rice.
Control 1：Lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus species fermentation is not accessed in rice slurries（Other
Part is with embodiment 1）, only rely on spontaneous fermentation, rice meal in the case where the immersion and spontaneous fermentation of deionized water are acted on, cadmium in rice
Cut rate only has 27.85%.
Control 2：Lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus species fermentation is not accessed in rice slurries, and at it
It is middle addition 0.3% benzoic acid receive solution control spontaneous fermentation（Other conditions are with embodiment 1）, immersion of the rice meal in deionized water
Under effect, the cut rate of cadmium is only 6.28% in rice.
Control 3：Lactobacillus plantarum strain fermentation is only accessed in rice slurries（Other conditions are with embodiment 1）, cadmium in rice
Cut rate be 47.85%.
Control 4：The fermentation of saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification is only accessed in rice slurries（Other conditions are with embodiment 1）, cadmium in rice
Cut rate is 45.26%.
Control 5：Lactobacillus acidophilus species' fermentation is only accessed in rice slurries（Other conditions are with embodiment 1）, cadmium in rice
Cut rate be 42.32%.
Control 6：Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus acidophilus species' fermentation are only accessed in rice slurries（The same embodiment of other conditions
1）, the cut rate of cadmium is 67.32% in rice.
Control 7：Lactobacillus plantarum and the fermentation of saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterial classification are only accessed in rice slurries（The same embodiment of other conditions
1）, the cut rate of cadmium is 62.32% in rice.
Control 8：Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus acidophilus species' fermentation are only accessed in rice slurries（The same embodiment of other conditions
1）, the cut rate of cadmium is 60.28% in rice.
Embodiment 2
Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid, saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid, lactobacillus acidophilus seed culture fluid are taken, by volume
Than 7：6：7 mixing, make mixed fermentation seed liquor；The rice grinds that heavy metal cadmium content is 0.4mg/kg are taken, 40 mesh sieves are crossed,
Add the ratio of 6ml deionized waters in 1g rice meals, deionized water is added in rice meal, mix, make rice slurries；In rice
7% is added in slurries（w/w）Mixed fermentation seed liquor, standing for fermentation 28h under 37 DEG C of temperature conditionss is filtered, and removes zymotic fluid,
Must be fermented rice meal；Deionized water cleaning fermentation rice meal 4 times, the consumption of each deionized water is fermentation rice meal weight
2 times, last time cleaning is using centrifugation（5000rpm, 5min）Filter and remove deionized water, by filter residue（Fermentation rice meal）In 50
DEG C heated-air drying to moisture is 13.0%, obtains the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium abatement.After testing, cadmium in obtained rice meal
Content is 0.053mg/kg, and less than national standard 0.2mg/kg, cadmium cut rate is 86.6% in rice.
Embodiment 3
Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid, saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid and lactobacillus acidophilus seed culture fluid are taken, by body
Product compares 7：6：7 mixing, make mixed fermentation seed liquor；The rice grinds that heavy metal cadmium content is 0.6mg/kg are taken, 50 mesh are crossed
Sieve, in 1g rice meals the ratio of 5ml deionized waters is added, and deionized water is added in rice meal, is mixed, and makes rice slurries；In
5% is added in rice slurries（w/w）Mixed fermentation seed liquor, standing for fermentation 16h under 39 DEG C of temperature conditionss is filtered, and removes fermentation
Liquid, obtains fermentation rice meal；Deionized water cleaning fermentation rice meal 2 times, the consumption of each deionized water is fermentation rice grain weight
4 times of amount, last time cleaning is using centrifugation（4000rpm, 7min）Filter and remove deionized water, by filter residue（Fermentation rice meal）
In 60 DEG C of heated-air dryings to moisture 12.8%, the rice meal of heavy metal cadmium abatement is obtained.After testing, in obtained rice meal
Cadmium content is 0.068mg/kg, and less than national standard 0.2mg/kg, cadmium cut rate is 88.6% in rice.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that heavy metal cadmium in rice is cut down in utilization lactobacillus and saccharomycete mixed fermentation, it is characterised in that the party
Method step is as follows：
(1) the exceeded rice of cadmium content was crushed into 40-60 mesh sieves；
(2) add the ratio of 4-6mL deionized waters in 1g rice meals, deionized water is added in the rice meal after sieving, mix, obtain
Rice slurries；
(3) Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid, saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid and lactobacillus acidophilus seed culture fluid are pressed into volume
Than 7:6:7 mixing, are then linked in rice slurries, in 35-39 DEG C of constant temperature standing for fermentation 16- by the inoculation weight of 5-8%
32h, filters, and removes zymotic fluid, obtains fermentation rice meal；
(4) deionized water cleaning fermentation rice meal 2-4 time, each deionized water consumption is 2-5 times of fermentation rice meal weight,
Last time cleaning adopts centrifugal filtration, and filter residue is less than into 14% in 45-60 DEG C of heated-air drying to moisture, obtains heavy metal
The rice meal of cadmium abatement.
2. the side of heavy metal cadmium in rice is cut down in a kind of utilization lactobacillus as claimed in claim 1 and saccharomycete mixed fermentation
Method, it is characterised in that Lactobacillus plantarum seed culture fluid is to take Lactobacillus plantarum bacterium solution aseptically in the step (3)
Access in the MRS broth bouillons of sterilizing by the inoculation weight of 2-5%, incubated 24-36h, is diluted to concentration at 37 DEG C
Reach 1 × 108cfu/ml-9×108Cfu/ml.
3. the side of heavy metal cadmium in rice is cut down in a kind of utilization lactobacillus as claimed in claim 1 and saccharomycete mixed fermentation
Method, it is characterised in that saccharomyces cerevisiae seed culture fluid is aseptically with oese scraping wine brewing ferment in the step (3)
Female inclined-plane bacterium is inoculated in YPD culture mediums, the incubated 24-36h at 30 DEG C, is diluted to concentration for 1 × 107cfu/ml-9×
107Cfu/ml.
4. the method that a kind of utilization lactobacillus and saccharomycete mixed fermentation described in claim 1 cuts down heavy metal cadmium in rice,
Characterized in that, the rotating speed in the step (4) during centrifugation is 3000-5000r/min, the time is 5-10min.
5. the method that a kind of utilization lactobacillus and saccharomycete mixed fermentation described in claim 1 cuts down heavy metal cadmium in rice,
Characterized in that, the de- cadmium rice meal obtained in the step (4) is used as feed or for producing fermentation rice-flour noodles.
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| CN104982807A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-21 | 金健米业股份有限公司 | Method for reducing heavy metal cadmium in rice through fermentation technology |
| CN104886459A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-09 | 金健米业股份有限公司 | Making method of fermentation rice flour |
| CN105010905A (en) * | 2015-08-15 | 2015-11-04 | 湖南粮食集团有限责任公司 | Rice cadmium removing machine and technology |
| CN105029200A (en) * | 2015-08-15 | 2015-11-11 | 湖南粮食集团有限责任公司 | Straight dry rice noodle processing method |
| CN105325825A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-02-17 | 江南大学 | Fruit and vegetable juice improving method capable of improving oxidation resistance and removing heavy metal cadmium simultaneously |
| CN105341674B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2020-02-04 | 金健米业股份有限公司 | Fermentation method for reducing content of heavy metal cadmium in rice |
| CN106666081A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-05-17 | 江南大学 | Probiotics feed capable of relieving aluminium toxicity of tilapia and application thereof |
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| CN108294224A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-20 | 江南大学 | A method of it is fermented using lactobacillus plantarum and removes heavy metal cadmium in rice |
| CN108467862A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-08-31 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of preparation method that microorganism takes off cadmium adsorbent and its application in powder food takes off cadmium |
| CN109156704A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-01-08 | 湖南汇升生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of cadmium in removal rice protein |
| CN109077283B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江师范大学 | Composite flavor enhancer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109452554A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-12 | 付斌 | A kind of nourishing rice flour for babies and preparation method thereof |
| CN115245191B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-11-14 | 王娜 | Cadmium removing method for rice |
| CN116570006A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-08-11 | 江南大学 | Process for removing cadmium in rice by low-intensity ultrasonic-assisted artificial fermentation |
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| CN101759270B (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2012-12-05 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for removing heavy metal cadmium from water solution |
| WO2013150497A1 (en) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-10 | Compagnie Gervais Danone | Lactobacillus rhamnosus food grade bacteria |
| CN102827796B (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-10-30 | 江南大学 | Lactobacillus plantarum with cadmium removing function and usage thereof |
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