CN104578286A - Active equalization method of lithium battery pack - Google Patents
Active equalization method of lithium battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN104578286A CN104578286A CN201410841477.2A CN201410841477A CN104578286A CN 104578286 A CN104578286 A CN 104578286A CN 201410841477 A CN201410841477 A CN 201410841477A CN 104578286 A CN104578286 A CN 104578286A
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- lithium battery
- battery monomer
- active equalization
- discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an active equalization method of a lithium battery pack. The method comprises the following steps: determining lithium battery units required to be equalized at a charging or discharging condition; computing the real-time equalizing current of the lithium battery units; opening active equalization protection on the lithium battery units after charging or discharging is opened. The method can timely open equalization protection, so as to prevent the lithium battery pack from being damaged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium battery application, particularly relate to a kind of active equalization method of lithium battery group.
Background technology
Lithium battery is a class is negative material, the battery using non-aqueous electrolytic solution by lithium metal or lithium alloy.When carrying out discharge and recharge operation to energy-storage lithium battery group, the inconsistency of battery capacity can cause the electricity of battery storage to be difficult to effective utilization.Therefore, in current batteries management system, all can add the Software for Design of Balance route.
But the existing balance control method about lithium battery is all when charging, and when a certain cell voltage in battery pack exceeds threshold value, just carries out discharge operation to it, suppresses its change in voltage, ensure that this battery and other batteries can synchronously be full of.When discharging, carry out charging operations to voltage lower than the battery of threshold value, principle is the same.Namely the existing balance control method about lithium battery is all created at lithium battery the change (exceeding threshold value) being different from other batteries, just opens the equilibrium to this battery, thus easily causes balanced unlatching to cause cell damage not in time.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of balance protection of can opening in time with the active equalization method of the lithium battery group preventing lithium battery group and damage.
An active equalization method for lithium battery group, comprising:
Balanced lithium battery monomer is needed under determining charge or discharge state;
Calculate the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer;
Open after beginning charge or discharge and the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected.
Wherein in an embodiment, the step of balanced lithium battery monomer under determining charge or discharge state, is needed to be specially:
Actual capacity demarcation is carried out to each lithium battery monomer;
The capacity difference between the actual capacity of each lithium battery monomer and rated capacity is calculated according to calibration result;
The lithium battery monomer absolute value of capacity difference being greater than preset value is defined as the balanced lithium battery monomer of needs.
Wherein in an embodiment, described preset value is 0.
Wherein in an embodiment, the step calculating the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer is specially:
Volume index Soc=1+ [(I+i) the dt]/Mc of definition lithium battery monomer;
The volume index Soc of lithium battery monomer is made to equal balanced volume index Soc0;
Obtain the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer;
Wherein, I is lithium battery group charge or discharge electric currents, and i is the real time equaliser electric current of lithium battery monomer, and dt refers to the integrated value to time for balance, and Mc is the actual capacity of each lithium battery monomer;
Balanced volume index Soc0 refers to that the real time equaliser current i of lithium battery monomer is 0, and the actual capacity Mc of lithium battery monomer equals volume index Soc value during rated capacity.
Wherein in an embodiment, after beginning charge or discharge, the step of opening the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected is specially:
After starting charging, lithium battery monomer actual capacity being greater than to rated capacity carries out active charge equilibrium, and lithium battery monomer actual capacity being less than to rated capacity carries out active discharge equilibrium;
After discharge is started, lithium battery monomer actual capacity being greater than to rated capacity carries out active discharge equilibrium, and lithium battery monomer actual capacity being less than to rated capacity carries out active charge equilibrium.
Wherein in an embodiment, the mode of the mode and active discharge equilibrium of carrying out active charge equilibrium is respectively bidirectional DC power supply charging and discharging.
Wherein in an embodiment, also comprise the step of lithium battery monomer being carried out to balanced prioritization, wherein, the absolute value of described capacity difference is larger, and balanced priority is higher.
Wherein in an embodiment, after beginning charge or discharge, open respectively from high to low according to described balanced priority and the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected.
Wherein in an embodiment, after opening the step that the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected, also comprise the step stopping exporting euqalizing current and protect to terminate active equalization.
Wherein in an embodiment, the described output euqalizing current that stops is specially with the step terminating active equalization protection:
By lithium battery group charge or discharge electric current and lithium battery monomer real time equaliser electric current and realistic to time for balance time integrated value;
The real-time integrated value at every turn asked for is sued for peace, obtains aggregate value method of weighting score value;
Detect described aggregate value method of weighting score value and whether equal described capacity difference, if so, stop exporting euqalizing current to terminate active equalization protection.
The active equalization method of above-mentioned lithium battery group; balanced lithium battery monomer is needed under determining charge or discharge state; calculate the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer; and open the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected after beginning charge or discharge, balance protection can be opened so in time and damage to prevent lithium battery group.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the active equalization method flow chart of lithium battery group in an embodiment;
Fig. 2 needs balanced lithium battery monomer flow chart under determining charge or discharge state in one embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the real time equaliser current flow path figure calculating described lithium battery monomer in an embodiment.
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, is the active equalization method flow chart of lithium battery group in an embodiment.
The active equalization method of this lithium battery group comprises:
Step S110: need balanced lithium battery monomer under determining charge or discharge state.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, step S110 specifically comprises:
Step S112: actual capacity demarcation is carried out to each lithium battery monomer.
Actual capacity demarcates the measurement just referring to actual capacity.Each lithium battery monomer has corresponding rated capacity when dispatching from the factory, but the inevitable error occurred in the difference of battery environment for use or manufacture process all can cause the actual capacity of battery and its rated capacity to occur deviation, in addition, used battery repeatedly, its capacity also can be decayed to some extent.Therefore, carry out actual capacity demarcation to each lithium battery monomer to be very important.
Step S114: calculate the capacity difference between the actual capacity of each lithium battery monomer and rated capacity according to calibration result.
The numerical value of described capacity difference can reflect the health degree of lithium battery monomer.Under concrete condition, the evaluation of described health degree also needs the history working curve with reference to described lithium battery monomer.
Step S116: the lithium battery monomer absolute value of capacity difference being greater than preset value is defined as the balanced lithium battery monomer of needs.
In the present embodiment, described preset value is 0.Be appreciated that in other embodiments, the numerical value that described preset value can also be less than 1 for other, as 0.5.
Step S120: the real time equaliser electric current calculating described lithium battery monomer.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, step S120 specifically comprises:
Step S122: volume index Soc=1+ [(I+i) the dt]/Mc of definition lithium battery monomer.
Wherein, I is lithium battery group charge or discharge electric currents, and i is the real time equaliser electric current of lithium battery monomer, and dt refers to the integrated value to time for balance, and Mc is the actual capacity of each lithium battery monomer.
Step S124: make the volume index Soc of lithium battery monomer equal balanced volume index Soc0.
Step S126: the real time equaliser electric current obtaining described lithium battery monomer.
Balanced volume index Soc0 refers to that the real time equaliser current i of lithium battery monomer is 0, and the actual capacity Mc of lithium battery monomer equals volume index Soc value during rated capacity.
Particularly, discharge process is carried out for the lithium battery group of three lithium battery monomer compositions.If the demarcation actual capacity of three lithium battery monomers is respectively 36 ampere-hours, 40 ampere-hours, 42 ampere-hours, lithium battery group discharging current I=-40 ampere ("-" represents that the sense of current is contrary with the direction of charging current), accumulation time for balance is 1 hour, the rated capacity of lithium battery group is 40 ampere-hours, and with the charge and discharge multiplying power of 1C for testing standard, so the battery core dump energy of whole lithium battery group can be given out light by 40 amperes of electric discharges for 1 hour.Above-mentioned relevant parameter is substituted into the volume index that can obtain each lithium battery monomer in the formula of volume index, and make the volume index of each monomer equal balanced volume index Soc0, so can be respectively+4 amperes, 0 ampere ,-2 amperes in the hope of the balancing battery of three lithium battery monomers.
Whole like this lithium battery group can with the current discharge 1 hour of 40 amperes, and rated capacity is 40 ampere-hours.If there is the effect not having active equalization, so whole lithium battery group with 40 amperes electric discharge 54 minutes time, actual capacity be the lithium battery monomer of 36 ampere-hours cannot continue again electric discharge, the capacity of so whole lithium battery group only has 36 ampere-hours.
Can know have the capacity of the lithium battery group of active equalization effect to be 40 ampere-hours from above-mentioned comparing result, the lithium battery group whole volume without active proportionality action is 36 ampere-hours, and data are more or less the same.If but changing into by the lithium battery group of the even more monomer series-connected one-tenth of lithium battery of 221 lithium battery monomers, its capacity data difference is great.
Step S130: open after beginning charge or discharge and the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected.
In the present embodiment, step S130 is specially:
After starting charging, lithium battery monomer actual capacity being greater than to rated capacity carries out active charge equilibrium, and lithium battery monomer actual capacity being less than to rated capacity carries out active discharge equilibrium;
After discharge is started, lithium battery monomer actual capacity being greater than to rated capacity carries out active discharge equilibrium, and lithium battery monomer actual capacity being less than to rated capacity carries out active charge equilibrium.
Particularly, or for the lithium battery group of above-mentioned three lithium battery monomers composition, their actual capacity is respectively 36 ampere-hours, 40 ampere-hours and 42 ampere-hours.The capacity difference of trying to achieve three lithium battery monomers like this, for being respectively-4 ampere-hours, 0 ampere-hour and 2 ampere-hours, therefore determines that actual capacity be two lithium battery monomers of 36 ampere-hours and 42 ampere-hours is need balanced lithium battery monomer.
The euqalizing current can obtaining two lithium battery monomers is according to the method described above 2 amperes and 4 amperes.After lithium battery group starts charging, open active equalization protection according to actual conditions, active 2 amperes of charge balancings are carried out to the lithium battery monomer that capacity is 42 ampere-hours, within balanced 1 hour, stop balanced.4 amperes of equalization discharges are carried out to the lithium battery monomer of 36 ampere-hours, stops balanced after balanced 1 hour.After completing charging; lithium battery group has been charged 40 ampere-hours; (other actual capacities are that the lithium battery monomer of 40 ampere-hours is full of); the unlatching of active equalization protection supplements 2 ampere-hours to the lithium battery monomer that actual capacity is 42 ampere-hours, to have discharged 4 ampere-hours to the actual capacity lithium battery monomer that is 36 ampere-hours.Therefore, after completing charging, the equal monomer of all lithium batteries can be full of simultaneously.In like manner; after lithium battery group starts electric discharge; active equalization protection is opened according to actual conditions; the lithium battery monomer of actual capacity to be the lithium battery monomer of 36 ampere-hours and actual capacity be 42 ampere-hours can synchronous emptying; there will not be because actual capacity is the lithium battery monomer emptying of 36 ampere-hours and the phenomenon that cannot release of the electricity that the lithium battery monomer that actual capacity is 42 ampere-hours also has 6 ampere-hours, thus covert expanded the capacity of battery pack.
Wherein, the mode of the mode and active discharge equilibrium of carrying out active charge equilibrium is respectively bidirectional DC power supply charging and discharging, and the size of current of described bidirectional DC power supply is adjustable.Be appreciated that in other embodiments, carry out, in the process that active charge is balanced or active discharge is balanced, otherwise to carry out charging and discharging.
Further, in other embodiments, also comprise the step of lithium battery monomer being carried out to balanced prioritization, wherein, the absolute value of described capacity difference is larger, and balanced priority is higher.Like this after beginning charge or discharge; just can open respectively from high to low according to described balanced priority and the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected, namely control according to the sequence of the priority of lithium battery monomer the order that corresponding lithium battery monomer opens balance protection.
Also comprise the step stopping exporting euqalizing current and protect to terminate active equalization in other embodiments, specifically comprise: by lithium battery group charge or discharge electric current and lithium battery monomer real time equaliser electric current and realistic to time for balance time integrated value; The real-time integrated value at every turn asked for is sued for peace, obtains aggregate value method of weighting score value; Detect described aggregate value method of weighting score value and whether equal described capacity difference, if so, stop exporting euqalizing current to terminate active equalization protection.Demarcated by actual capacity like this and the capacity difference obtained to be conjestured or experience is estimated compared with the threshold value that draws with subjective in traditional equalization methods, accuracy is higher, error is less, can manage lithium battery group more efficiently, at utmost utilize the capacity of each lithium battery monomer.
The active equalization method of above-mentioned lithium battery group; balanced lithium battery monomer is needed under determining charge or discharge state; calculate the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer; and open the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected after beginning charge or discharge, balance protection can be opened so in time and damage to prevent lithium battery group.
The above embodiment only have expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. an active equalization method for lithium battery group, is characterized in that, comprising:
Balanced lithium battery monomer is needed under determining charge or discharge state;
Calculate the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer;
Open after beginning charge or discharge and the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected.
2. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 1, is characterized in that, needs the step of balanced lithium battery monomer to be specially under determining charge or discharge state:
Actual capacity demarcation is carried out to each lithium battery monomer;
The capacity difference between the actual capacity of each lithium battery monomer and rated capacity is calculated according to calibration result;
The lithium battery monomer absolute value of capacity difference being greater than preset value is defined as the balanced lithium battery monomer of needs.
3. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described preset value is 0.
4. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step calculating the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer is specially:
Volume index Soc=1+ [(I+i) the dt]/Mc of definition lithium battery monomer;
The volume index Soc of lithium battery monomer is made to equal balanced volume index Soc0;
Obtain the real time equaliser electric current of described lithium battery monomer;
Wherein, I is lithium battery group charge or discharge electric currents, and i is the real time equaliser electric current of lithium battery monomer, and dt refers to the integrated value to time for balance, and Mc is the actual capacity of each lithium battery monomer;
Balanced volume index Soc0 refers to that the real time equaliser current i of lithium battery monomer is 0, and the actual capacity Mc of lithium battery monomer equals volume index Soc value during rated capacity.
5. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 2, is characterized in that, after beginning charge or discharge, the step of opening the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer is protected is specially:
After starting charging, lithium battery monomer actual capacity being greater than to rated capacity carries out active charge equilibrium, and lithium battery monomer actual capacity being less than to rated capacity carries out active discharge equilibrium;
After discharge is started, lithium battery monomer actual capacity being greater than to rated capacity carries out active discharge equilibrium, and lithium battery monomer actual capacity being less than to rated capacity carries out active charge equilibrium.
6. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the mode of the mode and active discharge equilibrium of carrying out active charge equilibrium is respectively bidirectional DC power supply charging and discharging.
7. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises the step of lithium battery monomer being carried out to balanced prioritization, and wherein, the absolute value of described capacity difference is larger, and balanced priority is higher.
8. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 7, is characterized in that, after beginning charge or discharge, opens respectively from high to low protect the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer according to described balanced priority.
9. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 2, is characterized in that, also comprises the step stopping exporting euqalizing current and protect to terminate active equalization after opening the step protected the active equalization of described lithium battery monomer.
10. the active equalization method of lithium battery group according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the described output euqalizing current that stops is specially with the step terminating active equalization protection:
By lithium battery group charge or discharge electric current and lithium battery monomer real time equaliser electric current and realistic to time for balance time integrated value;
The real-time integrated value at every turn asked for is sued for peace, obtains aggregate value method of weighting score value;
Detect described aggregate value method of weighting score value and whether equal described capacity difference, if so, stop exporting euqalizing current to terminate active equalization protection.
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