CN102361100A - Method for controlling balance of power lithium ion battery - Google Patents

Method for controlling balance of power lithium ion battery Download PDF

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CN102361100A
CN102361100A CN2011103183458A CN201110318345A CN102361100A CN 102361100 A CN102361100 A CN 102361100A CN 2011103183458 A CN2011103183458 A CN 2011103183458A CN 201110318345 A CN201110318345 A CN 201110318345A CN 102361100 A CN102361100 A CN 102361100A
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balanced
soc
battery
battery cell
balance
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CN102361100B (en
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许莉
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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Chery Automobile Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling the balance of a power lithium ion battery, belonging to the technical field of battery balance control. The method comprises the following steps of: determining battery monomers needing to be balanced in the charging or discharging state on line, calculating balance time needed by the battery monomers needing to be balanced for reaching a target balance capacity, and calculating a start time point when the battery monomers are balanced; and triggering a balance executing mechanism to execute balancing at the initial time point. In the invention, an online active balance way is adopted, and energy is supplemented when the energy level is in low and is released when the energy level is high, so that the energy of each battery monomer tends to be consistent, the discharging capability and cruising distance of a battery pack are increased, the problem caused by battery consistence is solved, and the balance efficiency is increased.

Description

The control method that a kind of power lithium-ion battery is balanced
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery balanced control technology field, the control method that particularly a kind of power lithium-ion battery is balanced is mainly used in the active equalizing system of electrokinetic cells such as pure electric automobile, hybrid vehicle, plug-in hybrid-power automobile.
Background technology
Energy scarcity and environmental protection cry are increasingly high, and new-energy automobile has become one of topmost developing direction of green vehicle.The electrokinetic cell security and stability also greatly improves, and in new-energy automobile field nowadays critical role is arranged.But the problem of restriction electric automobile development still is the energy storage technology and the application technology of electrokinetic cell.And lithium ion battery is one of electrokinetic cell of the more employing of current electric automobile, its advantage: open circuit voltage is high, and (monomer battery voltage is up to 3.6～3.8V), and specific energy is big, have extended cycle life, nuisanceless, memory-less effect, self discharge are little.Yet for lithium ion battery comparatively distinct issues are its consistency, be that realistic meaning is arranged very much so study the balanced control method of a kind of power lithium-ion battery.
Lithium ion battery adopts series system to connect more; Because the aspects such as temperature of each monolithic storage battery each monolithic storage battery in manufacturing, initial capacity, voltage, internal resistance and batteries are all incomplete same; Because the existence of these differences has caused the difference of monomer performance, battery in use for some time, it is big that the monomer otherness can become; This will influence battery performance and life-span, therefore needs regularly battery to be carried out equilibrium.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there is following shortcoming at least in prior art:
The battery balanced means of current driving force fall behind, and adopt passive balanced means mostly, promptly after battery breaks down, just carry out battery balanced control, can't play the protection battery, prolong the battery effect in useful life, make that its balanced efficient is low, DeGrain.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides the balanced control method of a kind of power lithium-ion battery; Be used for remedying prior art and get defective; Improve new-energy automobile lithium ion battery consistency; Height according to battery cell volume index SOC discharges and makeup energy, improves the discharge capability and continuation of the journey mileage of power brick.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of power lithium-ion battery balanced control method.Said technical scheme is following: said method comprises:
Online definite charge or discharge state needs balanced battery cell down, calculates the said battery cell of equilibrium that needs and reaches the required time for balance of the balanced capacity of target, and draw the balanced start time point of battery cell; Triggering balanced actuator at said start time point carries out balanced.
Said online definite charge or discharge state needs balanced battery cell down, specifically comprises:
Measure the volume index SOC of each battery cell in advance iAnd the balanced volume index SOC of entire cell bag A
Draw the volume index SOC of each battery cell iWith balanced volume index SOC ABetween capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i
According to capacity tolerance value Δ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ANeed to confirm balanced battery cell.
According to capacity tolerance value Δ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC AConfirming needs balanced battery cell, specifically comprises:
If Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K confirms that then this battery cell is to need balanced monomer,
Wherein but K is a scalar quantity, and the K value is 0-0.15.
Said execution equilibrium comprises:
Charge balancing, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe lower than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K is to the battery cell charging and make its volume index SOC iBe tending towards said balanced volume index SOC A
Equalization discharge, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe higher than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K, volume index SOC iHigher battery cell releases energy, and makes its volume index SOC iBe tending towards said balanced volume index SOC A
Said time for balance t iConfirm comprise:
Confirm that the ampere-hour of the charge or discharge of required balancing battery monomer counts AH i
Capacity tolerance value Δ SOC through the balancing battery monomer iAnd the ampere-hour of equalizing charge or discharge is counted AH iDraw the time for balance t of required balancing battery monomer i
The confirming of the start time point that battery cell is balanced comprises:
Time for balance t according to all balancing battery monomers in the power brick iDraw the balanced zero-time t of power brick;
In conjunction with the balanced zero-time t of power brick and the time for balance t of each balancing battery monomer i, draw the balanced start time point T of each battery cell I0
The time for balance t of said power brick chooses all battery cell time for balance t iA middle maximum time for balance that battery cell is required.
Described charge balancing adopts the DC-DC module to charge, and described equalization discharge adopts resistance to discharge.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme that the embodiment of the invention provides is:
Battery balanced control method of the present invention has adopted online balanced way initiatively, has solved charge balancing and equalization discharge simultaneously, and efficient is high.
Method of the present invention can onlinely be carried out active balancing (comprising charge balancing and equalization discharge) to battery pack; The real real-time online of realizing is balanced; This function can solve the consistency problem that the current battery bag exists, and can effectively prevent degradation of cell performance, and can repair the battery of decreased performance; Thereby improve automobile continuation of the journey mileage, and prolong the useful life of battery.Through online battery balanced, improve the battery consistency problem greatly, improve the capacity of entire cell bag, remedy some defectives that current battery exists.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention; The accompanying drawing of required use is done to introduce simply in will describing embodiment below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the balanced control method flow chart of power lithium-ion battery provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is a control system frame diagram provided by the invention.
Embodiment
For making the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, embodiment of the present invention is done to describe in detail further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Specifically as shown in Figure 1.
(1) online definite charge or discharge state needs balanced battery cell down
Specifically comprise:
Measure the volume index SOC of each battery cell in advance iAnd the balanced volume index SOC of entire cell bag A
Draw the volume index SOC of each battery cell iWith balanced volume index SOC ABetween capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i, wherein, Δ SOC i=SOC i-SOC A
According to capacity tolerance value Δ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ANeed to confirm balanced battery cell.
Confirm to need balanced battery cell based on capacity tolerance value Δ SOCi and balanced volume index SOCA, specifically comprise:
If Δ SOCi >=SOCA*K confirms that then this battery cell is to need balanced monomer,
Wherein but K is a scalar quantity, and the K value is 0-0.15, can obtain according to the working control situation.
For charge balancing, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe lower than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K is to the battery cell charging and make its volume index SOC iBe tending towards said balanced volume index SOC A
Equalization discharge, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe higher than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K, volume index SOC iHigher battery cell releases energy, and makes its volume index SOC iBe tending towards said balanced volume index SOC A
The charge balancing selected point can be judged for reflecting the conforming state-of-charge of battery low pressure stage monomer (State of Charge) SOC point according to the battery self character, such as choose bag SOC at present BOTPoint, prediction each monomer SOC this moment.
The equalization discharge selected point can be arranged on power brick and will be full of in the electricity time period, confirms the higher battery of energy number according to the frequency number of times of the higher appearance of battery cell SOC.
(2) calculating needs balanced battery cell to reach the required time for balance of the balanced capacity of target, and draws the balanced start time point of battery cell
At first will calculate needs balanced battery cell to reach the required time for balance of the balanced capacity of target.
Confirm that the ampere-hour of the charge or discharge of required balancing battery monomer counts AH i
Capacity tolerance value Δ SOC through the balancing battery monomer iAnd the ampere-hour of equalizing charge or discharge is counted AH iDraw the time for balance t of required balancing battery monomer i
Specifically calculate and need balanced capacity tolerance value Δ SOC by the energy predicting module i, according to size of current prediction time for balance t i
SOC end＝SOC iend
ΔSOC iend＝SOC i-SOC iend
ΔBAH i＝ΔSOC iend*AH i
Measuring in advance thus needs the balanced time.SOC EndBe the balanced capacity SOC of target of power brick, SOC IendBe the balanced capacity SOC of target of i batteries monomer, Δ BAH iIt is the capacity difference distance of the balanced capacity SOC of i batteries monomer and target.
Time for balance t according to the balanced battery cell of all needs i, the maximum time for balance of choosing wherein carries out balanced start time point as triggering power brick, and the while is according to the time for balance t of each battery cell iObtain the start time point T that each needs balanced battery cell I0
The SOC that can dope power brick according to the charging and discharging currents of power brick is to being full of the SOC (can according to battery actual conditions confirm) of electricity 100% with discharge alarming value point place; Set out the balanced capability value of target; The battery cell that the needs of so above-mentioned selected taking-up are balanced; Under the battery charging and discharging condition and balanced control action be issued to the SOC level of whole bag, to guarantee that the monomer consistency is optimized in being full of electricity and discharge process.
Particularly, according to capacity tolerance value Δ SOC, euqalizing current I bThe charging and discharging currents I of size and power brick confirms balanced start time point T I0
Δ BAH i = ∫ 0 t i ( I + I b ) dt i
I is the charging and discharging currents value of power brick, is charged as just to discharge for negative I bBe the equalizer equalizes current value, the reference battery bag sense of current is established I bBe on the occasion of, I during charge balancing bIt during equalization discharge negative value.t iBe that i batteries monomer will reach the balanced needed time of capacity SOC of target under proportionality action.
The charging and discharging currents of power brick generally is to be defaulted as constant in the power brick charging process, can know according to the battery charge parameter.The discharge process electric current is a changing value, and this control method is to predict discharging current according to city operating mode NEDC standard.
Discharge and recharge the time according to current value and initial SOC prediction
SOC end - SOC start = ∫ 0 t Idt
Zero-time can be approximately so: T I0=t-t i
SOC StartBe the initial SOC value of power brick, T I0It is the initial time for balance that the i joint needs the balancing battery monomer.
(3) triggering balanced actuator at said start time point carries out balanced
Balanced enforcement: balanced device will carry out equilibrium to battery accurately based on the transmission information of BMS.The BBS major function comprises, protocol layer: with the BMS real-time communication, receive, send the CAN Message Processing; Discharging and recharging parameter handles: processing such as electric current, voltage, temperature; Judge overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage warning; Logic control and state are judged: obtain the charge and discharge balancing order, module status is judged; Module diagnosis: diagnostic functions such as equalization channel.
Fig. 2 has provided the framework of whole system and the corresponding relation between each control module.BBS can be divided into three major functions according to each functions of modules: aspects such as CAN communication, equalizer logic control, safety management.BMS battery cell equalization demand is the judgment part initiatively, need with the battery parameter of battery management system, modules such as SOC prediction are common to realize battery balanced demand judgement.Balanced device is balanced based on the information processing that battery management system sends, and makes necessary malfunction elimination, guarantees that balanced device can normally effectively carry out equilibrium to power brick.
Balanced prediction module selects needs balanced battery number; And provide the execution start time point according to energy deviation; Balanced actuator equalizer is dealt with according to message; The mode that adopts equalization discharge and charge balancing to combine, concrete charge and discharge balancing is that the DC-DC module is charged, resistance discharges.
Charge balancing: in the process of moving to power brick online in real time charge balancing.Through the monomer that selects number and with the difference of target SOC under the power brick discharge condition, to energy monomer on the low side, open actuator's equalizer and carry out energy supply, so that low-yield monomer SOC is tending towards whole bag SOC.Can guarantee to improve in the process of moving consistency, raising performance and the protection battery of battery through online equilibrium.
Equalization discharge: in to the power brick charging process to the power brick equalization discharge.Through the monomer that selects number and with the difference of target SOC under the power brick charged state; To energy monomer on the low side; Open actuator's equalizer and carry out energy release,, each monomer of battery is full of as far as possible so that high-energy monomer SOC is tending towards the target SOC of whole bag.Can guarantee to improve in the process of moving the consistency of battery through online equilibrium, improve serviceability.
Above-mentioned employing energy makeup energy on the low side, energy is higher to release energy, and finally each monomer energy reaches unanimity, and improves the discharge capability and continuation of the journey mileage of power brick, can really solve the problem that battery consistency brings.
All or part of step in the embodiment of the invention can utilize software to realize that corresponding software programs can be stored in the storage medium that can read, like CD or hard disk etc.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the balanced control method of a power lithium-ion battery is characterized in that said method comprises:
Online definite charge or discharge state needs balanced battery cell down, calculates the said battery cell of equilibrium that needs and reaches the required time for balance of the balanced capacity of target, and draw the balanced start time point of battery cell; Triggering balanced actuator at said start time point carries out balanced.
2. the control method that power lithium-ion battery according to claim 1 is balanced is characterized in that,
Said online definite charge or discharge state needs balanced battery cell down, specifically comprises:
Measure the volume index SOC of each battery cell in advance iAnd the balanced volume index SOC of entire cell bag A
Draw the volume index SOC of each battery cell iWith balanced volume index SOC ABetween capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i
According to capacity tolerance value Δ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC ANeed to confirm balanced battery cell.
3. the control method that power lithium-ion battery according to claim 2 is balanced is characterized in that,
According to capacity tolerance value Δ SOC iWith balanced volume index SOC AConfirming needs balanced battery cell, specifically comprises:
If Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K confirms that then this battery cell is to need balanced monomer,
Wherein but K is a scalar quantity, and the K value is 0-0.15.
4. the control method that power lithium-ion battery according to claim 3 is balanced is characterized in that,
Said execution equilibrium comprises:
Charge balancing, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe lower than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K is to the battery cell charging and make its volume index SOC iBe tending towards said balanced volume index SOC A
Equalization discharge, the volume index SOC of the battery cell of required equilibrium iBe higher than balanced volume index SOC A, and its capacity tolerance value Δ SOC i>=SOC A* K, volume index SOC iHigher battery cell releases energy, and makes its volume index SOC iBe tending towards said balanced volume index SOC A
5. the control method that power lithium-ion battery according to claim 2 is balanced is characterized in that,
Said time for balance t iConfirm comprise:
Confirm that the ampere-hour of the charge or discharge of required balancing battery monomer counts AH i
Capacity tolerance value Δ SOC through the balancing battery monomer iAnd the ampere-hour of equalizing charge or discharge is counted AH iDraw the time for balance t of required balancing battery monomer i
6. the control method that power lithium-ion battery according to claim 5 is balanced is characterized in that,
The confirming of the start time point that battery cell is balanced comprises:
Time for balance t according to all balancing battery monomers in the power brick iDraw the balanced zero-time t of power brick;
In conjunction with the balanced zero-time t of power brick and the time for balance t of each balancing battery monomer i, draw the balanced start time point T of each battery cell I0
7. the control method that power lithium-ion battery according to claim 6 is balanced is characterized in that,
The time for balance t of said power brick chooses all battery cell time for balance t iA middle maximum time for balance that battery cell is required.
8. according to the balanced control method of the arbitrary described power lithium-ion battery of claim 4-7, it is characterized in that,
Described charge balancing adopts the DC-DC module to charge, and described equalization discharge adopts resistance to discharge.
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Cited By (23)

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CN103316852A (en) * 2013-05-24 2013-09-25 上海中聚佳华电池科技有限公司 Battery selecting method
CN103683359A (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-26 比亚迪股份有限公司 Battery equalization method for battery pack and battery management system
CN104426176A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Whole-vehicle-level battery management system
CN104426177A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Equalization control circuit
CN104426180A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Equalization control chip and equalization control method
CN104426178A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Battery pack with equalization control function
CN104426179A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Box-level battery management system
CN104578286A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 Active equalization method of lithium battery pack
CN104600387A (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-06 青海时代新能源科技有限公司 Active equalization method and active equalization system of lithium iron phosphate battery pack
CN104882914A (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-02 重庆邮电大学 Multi-battery cell balancing method
CN104935045A (en) * 2015-06-24 2015-09-23 深圳先进储能材料国家工程研究中心有限公司 Battery pack equalization method for energy storage system adopting nickel-series storage batteries
CN105449295A (en) * 2015-11-17 2016-03-30 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 Power battery balance control method, apparatus and circuit
CN105515138A (en) * 2016-02-23 2016-04-20 华霆（合肥）动力技术有限公司 Battery equalization method, battery equalization controller and battery pack
CN106340920A (en) * 2016-09-19 2017-01-18 东软集团股份有限公司 Control method and device of passive equalization of battery pack, battery system and vehicle
CN107492688A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-12-19 宝沃汽车（中国）有限公司 A kind of battery maintenance method, apparatus and vehicle
CN108206311A (en) * 2016-12-19 2018-06-26 丰田自动车株式会社 Accumulating system
CN109017429A (en) * 2018-10-09 2018-12-18 天津易众腾动力技术有限公司 A kind of passive equalization algorithm of full working scope of power battery pack quantization
CN109649217A (en) * 2019-01-16 2019-04-19 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 A kind of control method of electric car supplement electric-type lithium battery group balancer
CN110231572A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-09-13 安徽锐能科技有限公司 A kind of SOC estimation device based on active equalization of battery
CN110266084A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-09-20 上海空间电源研究所 A kind of battery charging and discharging system based on ampere-hour control method
CN111463504A (en) * 2019-01-18 2020-07-28 上海什弋维新能源科技有限公司 Equalization algorithm for maintaining battery module
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CN103316852A (en) * 2013-05-24 2013-09-25 上海中聚佳华电池科技有限公司 Battery selecting method
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CN104426180A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Equalization control chip and equalization control method
CN104426178A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Battery pack with equalization control function
CN104426178B (en) * 2013-08-28 2017-02-22 国家电网公司 Battery pack with equalization control function
CN104426177A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Equalization control circuit
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CN104426176A (en) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 国家电网公司 Whole-vehicle-level battery management system
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CN104426180B (en) * 2013-08-28 2016-10-05 国家电网公司 A kind of Balance route chip and balance control method
CN104882914A (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-09-02 重庆邮电大学 Multi-battery cell balancing method
CN104882914B (en) * 2014-02-28 2017-03-15 重庆邮电大学 Multi-battery cell balancing method
CN104578286A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-29 深圳市科陆电子科技股份有限公司 Active equalization method of lithium battery pack
CN104600387A (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-06 青海时代新能源科技有限公司 Active equalization method and active equalization system of lithium iron phosphate battery pack
US10027134B2 (en) 2015-02-05 2018-07-17 Qinghai Contemporary Amperex Technology Limited Active equalization method and system of lithium iron phosphate battery pack
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