CN104882914A - Multi-battery cell balancing method - Google Patents
Multi-battery cell balancing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104882914A CN104882914A CN201410069602.2A CN201410069602A CN104882914A CN 104882914 A CN104882914 A CN 104882914A CN 201410069602 A CN201410069602 A CN 201410069602A CN 104882914 A CN104882914 A CN 104882914A
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-battery cell balancing method. The characteristic parameters (voltage, SOC and the like) of the single battery are used as the basis for judging whether the battery needs to be balanced or not; preprocessing the attribute values of the battery cells in the battery pack by using a z-score standardization method; calculating the abnormality degree of each single battery, wherein the abnormality degree of each single battery is the sum of the Euclidean distances between the single battery and all other single batteries in the battery pack; sequencing all the single cells according to the abnormality degree of each single cell, solving the abnormality degree difference value between the adjacent single cells, and taking the two single cells with the maximum difference value as an initial clustering center; then, dynamically clustering all monomers in the battery pack according to the error sum of squares criterion, counting the number of the monomers in each class after all the monomers are classified, classifying the class with the least number of the monomers as abnormal, and classifying the class with larger number as normal; judging the abnormal class and the normal class again, outputting the monomer needing to be balanced, and discharging the monomer needing to be balanced through a resistor.
Description
Technical field
This patent belongs to the battery management system field of new-energy automobile, particularly relates to battery management system Balance route aspect.
Background technology
Electric automobile is the important developing direction of future automobile industry.Lithium battery has the advantages such as specific energy and specific volume are large, operating voltage grade is high, memory-less effect, self-discharge rate are low, pollution-free, and lithium battery becomes the first-selected power source of electric automobile gradually.In order to increase the course continuation mileage of electric automobile, keep electric automobile lithium battery functional, and optimize the electrical property of lithium battery, carry out effectively comprehensively monitor and managment to battery system to be necessary, the BMS (BatteryManagement System) that electric automobile uses mainly contains following function: battery balanced, and battery parameter detects, battery status is estimated, on-line fault diagnosis, cell safety controls and reports to the police, and charging controls.
Battery pack balancing technology is one of mission critical of lithium battery management system, how to detect accurately in battery pack and needs balanced battery to be the difficult problem that battery pack balancing technology faces.Also the description to lithium battery management system Balance route was once had in existing patent, as the patent No. (patent No. is 201010267200.5) of a kind of balance control method for lithium battery management system by name, this patent the battery overcharging (voltage is higher) is carried out identifying and the method for discharging to reach battery with two side terminals.This patent determines whether carry out equilibrium to battery by the voltage difference between battery in battery pack, this type of scheme Rule of judgment is too single, in balanced deterministic process, because the DC internal resistance of battery, polarizing voltage and capacity etc. there are differences, the balanced result judged can change along with the change of battery pack working condition, occurs unstable problem.
In order to accurately, balanced battery cell can be needed in real-time identification battery pack, improve the active volume of battery pack, the present invention proposes a kind of many battery cells equalization methods.Compare with existing battery management system balance control method Patents, outlier detection is applied in the identification of the unbalanced monomer in multiple battery cell by balance control method for lithium battery management system of the present invention, analyzed by information characteristics, accurately detect in battery pack and need balanced battery, and carry out equilibrium by resistance discharging mode, improve the consistency problem of battery pack, that improves battery pack can same capacity, significantly improve the overall performance of power battery pack, in the useful life of effective prolongation battery pack, greatly reduce the operation and maintenance cost of car load.
Summary of the invention
One many battery cells equalization methods that the present invention proposes:
(1) adopt the characteristic parameter (voltage, SOC etc.) of cell as judging the foundation of battery the need of equilibrium; Z-score standardized method is used to carry out preliminary treatment to the property value of battery in battery pack monomer; Ask for the abnormality degree of battery cell, abnormality degree of each joint monomer is the Euclidean distance sum of other all monomers in this monomer and battery pack.
(2) if the extreme difference of battery in battery pack monomer abnormality degree is less than setting threshold values, then battery cell all belongs to normal class.
(3) if battery in battery pack monomer all belongs to normal class, then this normal class does not need equalization discharge.
(4) if the extreme difference of battery in battery pack monomer abnormality degree is greater than setting threshold values, then sorted out by the battery cell in battery pack, battery components is normal class and exception class.Obtain normal class and exception class: the abnormality degree according to each batteries monomer sorts to all monomers, and ask for the abnormality degree difference between adjacent monomer, will there are two joint monomers of maximum difference as initial cluster center; Then according to error sum of squares criterion, carry out dynamic clustering to monomers all in battery pack, treat that all monomers are sorted out complete, add up the number of all kinds of middle monomer, class little for quantity is classified as exception class, the class that quantity is large is classified as normal class.
(5) if battery components is normal class and exception class, judge whether exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2.In normal class, choose a battery cell, choose a battery cell in exception class, this battery cell belongs to exception class 2.Calculate the distance between remaining power monomer and the battery cell chosen in exception class, if the distance between the battery cell chosen in a certain batteries monomer and exception class in exception class is greater than the distance between the battery cell chosen in this battery cell and normal class, then this battery cell belongs to exception class 1, otherwise this battery cell belongs to exception class 2.Add up the number of battery cell in exception class 1, exception class 2 respectively.If battery cell number is all less than battery cell sum in exception class in exception class 1, exception class 2, then exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, otherwise exception class is not divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2.
(6) if battery components is normal class and exception class, and exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, in exception class 1, the battery cell all properties value of maximum abnormality degree is all greater than 0, then exception class 1 is for needing balanced class, exception class 2 and normal class do not need equalization discharge, otherwise exception class 2 is for needing balanced class, and exception class 1 and normal class do not need equalization discharge.
(7) if battery components is normal class and exception class, and exception class is not divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, in exception class, the battery cell all properties value of maximum abnormality degree is all greater than 0, then exception class is for needing balanced class, normal class does not need equalization discharge, otherwise normal class is for needing balanced class, and exception class does not need equalization discharge.
(8) by the mode of conductive discharge, equilibrium is carried out to all battery cells needed in balanced class.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one many battery cells equalization methods master-plan block diagram that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 2 is that in the present invention, battery components is the flow chart of normal class and exception class;
Fig. 3 obtains the flow chart needing equalization discharge class in the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a kind of many battery cells equalization methods master-plan block diagram, gather each battery characteristics parameter (voltage in electrokinetic cell system, SOC etc.), unbalanced battery cell identification module carries out information characteristics analysis to multiple battery, identify and need balanced battery cell, Balance route carries out equilibrium to needing balanced battery cell by the mode of conductive discharge.
The flow chart of Fig. 2 to be battery components be normal class and exception class: first, gather the characteristic of all batteries in battery pack; Secondly, z-score standardized method is used to carry out preliminary treatment to the property value of battery in battery pack monomer; Again, ask for the abnormality degree of battery cell, abnormality degree of each joint monomer is the Euclidean distance sum of other all monomers in this monomer and battery pack; Then, the abnormality degree according to each batteries monomer sorts to all monomers, and asks for the abnormality degree difference between adjacent monomer, will have two joint monomers of maximum difference as initial cluster center; Finally, according to error sum of squares criterion, carry out dynamic clustering to monomers all in battery pack, treat that all monomers are sorted out complete, add up the number of all kinds of middle monomer, class little for quantity is classified as exception class, the class that quantity is large is classified as normal class.
After Fig. 3 to be battery components be exception class and normal class, obtain the flow chart needing equalization discharge class.
(1) judge whether exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2: in normal class and exception class, respectively choose a battery cell, calculate the distance between remaining power monomer and the battery cell chosen in exception class, if the distance between the battery cell chosen in a certain batteries monomer and exception class in exception class is greater than the distance between the battery cell chosen in this battery cell and normal class, then this battery cell belongs to exception class 1, otherwise this battery cell belongs to exception class 2.Add up the number of battery cell in exception class 1, exception class 2 respectively.If exception class 1, in exception class 2, battery cell number is all less than battery cell number in exception class, then exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, otherwise exception class is not divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2.
(2) if exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, and the battery cell all properties value of maximum abnormality degree is all greater than 0 in exception class 1, then exception class 1 is for needing equalization discharge class, exception class 2 and normal class be not for need equalization discharge class, otherwise exception class 2 is for needing equalization discharge class, exception class 1 and normal class be not for need equalization discharge class.
(3) if exception class is not divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, and the battery cell all properties value of maximum abnormality degree is all greater than 0 in exception class, then exception class is for needing equalization discharge class, normal class is not for need equalization discharge class, otherwise normal class is for needing equalization discharge class, and exception class is not for need equalization discharge class.
Claims (1)
1. the equalization methods of battery cell more than, is characterized in that:
(1) adopt the characteristic parameter (voltage, SOC etc.) of cell as judging the foundation of battery the need of equilibrium; Z-score standardized method is used to carry out preliminary treatment to the property value of battery in battery pack monomer; Ask for the abnormality degree of battery cell, abnormality degree of each joint monomer is the Euclidean distance sum of other all monomers in this monomer and battery pack.
(2) if the extreme difference of battery in battery pack monomer abnormality degree is less than setting threshold values, then battery cell all belongs to normal class.
(3) if battery in battery pack monomer all belongs to normal class, then this normal class does not need equalization discharge.
(4) if the extreme difference of battery in battery pack monomer abnormality degree is greater than setting threshold values, then sorted out by the battery cell in battery pack, battery components is normal class and exception class.Obtain normal class and exception class: the abnormality degree according to each batteries monomer sorts to all monomers, and ask for the abnormality degree difference between adjacent monomer, will there are two joint monomers of maximum difference as initial cluster center; Then according to error sum of squares criterion, carry out dynamic clustering to monomers all in battery pack, treat that all monomers are sorted out complete, add up the number of all kinds of middle monomer, class little for quantity is classified as exception class, the class that quantity is large is classified as normal class.
(5) if battery components is normal class and exception class, judge whether exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2.In normal class, choose a battery cell, choose a battery cell in exception class, this battery cell belongs to exception class 2.Calculate the distance between remaining power monomer and the battery cell chosen in exception class, if the distance between the battery cell chosen in a certain batteries monomer and exception class in exception class is greater than the distance between the battery cell chosen in this battery cell and normal class, then this battery cell belongs to exception class 1, otherwise this battery cell belongs to exception class 2.Add up the number of battery cell in exception class 1, exception class 2 respectively.If battery cell number is all less than battery cell sum in exception class in exception class 1, exception class 2, then exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, otherwise exception class is not divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2.
(6) if battery components is normal class and exception class, and exception class is divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, in exception class 1, the battery cell all properties value of maximum abnormality degree is all greater than 0, then exception class 1 is for needing balanced class, exception class 2 and normal class do not need equalization discharge, otherwise exception class 2 is for needing balanced class, and exception class 1 and normal class do not need equalization discharge.
(7) if battery components is normal class and exception class, and exception class is not divided into exception class 1 and exception class 2, in exception class, the battery cell all properties value of maximum abnormality degree is all greater than 0, then exception class is for needing balanced class, normal class does not need equalization discharge, otherwise normal class is for needing balanced class, and exception class does not need equalization discharge.
(8) by resistance discharging mode, equilibrium is carried out to all battery cells needed in balanced class.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108254689A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Battery pack antipole single battery detection method and system |
| CN108539296A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-14 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of equalization methods based on outlier detection |
| CN110824376A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-02-21 | 东软睿驰汽车技术（沈阳）有限公司 | Battery pack abnormity detection method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN112039171A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Battery pack balancing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| KR20220029230A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-03-08 | 주식회사 에스티 | Monitoring server to remotely monitor the battery pack loaded on an agricultural electrical vehicle and the operating method tehreof |
| CN117907844A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | Method for detecting short circuit abnormality in battery system, electronic device, and medium |
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| KR20220029230A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-03-08 | 주식회사 에스티 | Monitoring server to remotely monitor the battery pack loaded on an agricultural electrical vehicle and the operating method tehreof |
| KR102501421B1 (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2023-02-21 | 주식회사 에스티 | Monitoring server to remotely monitor the battery pack loaded on an agricultural electrical vehicle and the operating method tehreof |
| CN112039171A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Battery pack balancing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN117907844A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司 | Method for detecting short circuit abnormality in battery system, electronic device, and medium |
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Effective date of registration: 20220524 Address after: 101100 building 24, yard 2, huanke Middle Road, Jinqiao Science and technology industrial base, Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park, Tongzhou District, Beijing Patentee after: Rosedale automotive trim design (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. Address before: Chongqing University of Posts and telecommunications, Chongwen Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065 Patentee before: CHONGQING University OF POSTS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS Effective date of registration: 20220524 Address after: 401121 No. 22, Jinyu Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Yubei District, Chongqing (floor 3, building 9, Jintai Intelligent Industrial Park) Patentee after: Rosedale intelligent automobile (Chongqing) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 101100 building 24, yard 2, huanke Middle Road, Jinqiao Science and technology industrial base, Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park, Tongzhou District, Beijing Patentee before: Rosedale automotive trim design (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. |