CN104568151A - Hyperspectral all-polarization imaging device and method based on symmetrical wedge-shaped interference cavity - Google Patents
Hyperspectral all-polarization imaging device and method based on symmetrical wedge-shaped interference cavity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hyperspectral all-polarization imaging device and method based on a symmetrical wedge-shaped interference cavity. The device comprises a front imaging objective, a symmetrical wedge-shaped interference cavity system, a micro polarization modulation array, a detector and a signal processing system which are sequentially placed in a light path direction. The method comprises steps as follows: Step one, incident light arrives at the symmetrical wedge-shaped cavity via the front imaging objective to form multi-beam interference; Step two, beams pass through the micro polarization modulation array, and a same object point generates four polarization-state interference image points on a target surface of the detector simultaneously after modulated by four polarization pixels of the micro polarization modulation array; Step three, four groups of polarization interference information of a target point under different light path differences are acquired through push-scanning; Step four, the signal processing system acquires two-dimensional light intensity information of a scene, spectral information and all polarization parameters of each spectral segment after spectrum recovery and polarization information reconstruction. The method has the advantages that the spectrum resolution, the light flux and the target resolution are high, the spectrum information and polarization information can be acquired synchronously and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical target sounding field, particularly a kind of high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity and formation method.
Background technology
Interference imaging spectral technology mainly comprises time-modulation type, spatial modulation type and space-time unite modulation type three major types technology.Wherein, space-time unite modulation type technology develops very active spectrographic detection technology in light spectrum image-forming field.It introduces the interference information of the detection of a target by adding lateral shearing beam-splitter in the imaging system of infinity, utilize Fourier transform inversion procedure to obtain two-dimensional space intensity signal and each point spectral information of the detection of a target.Compared with time-modulation type inteference imaging spectrometer, image plane interference imaging spectrometer inside can be removed to push away and sweeps moving component, has compact conformation, feature that stability is high; Compared with spatial modulation type inteference imaging spectrometer, it does not have the restriction of slit, has the advantage of high light flux, high spatial resolution.Since the later stage eighties in last century, numerous researchist conducts in-depth research space-time unite modulation type technology in the world.Wherein, the people such as Israel Cabib propose a kind of image plane interference imaging spectrometer based on Sagnac interferometer, can realize high-throughout light spectrum image-forming.The people such as U.S. Horton propose a kind of image plane interference imaging spectrometer based on remodeling Mach-Zehnder interferometer, can realize the binary channels imaging simultaneously of the wave band such as visible ray, near infrared.Domestic Xiangli is refined waits people to propose LARGE APERTURE STATIC IMAGING inteference imaging spectrometer LASIS(LargeApertureStatic Imaging Spectroscopy), add the interference image that lateral shearing beam-splitter obtains the detection of a target in distance imaging system of being visible, be mainly used in remote sensing of the earth field.In addition, also have that German Posselt, Italian Barducci, French Ferrec, the U.S. Sellar and Lucey, Canadian Farley, domestic Sun De are new, a people such as the pure people and Liao Ningfang is also to the research that such interference imaging spectral technology is correlated with.According to document analysis, the principle of space-time unite modulation type imaging spectral technology is mainly through realizations such as michelson interferometry, Sagnac triangle common path interference method, Mach-Zehnder interferometric methods.
Imaging spectral polarization (Imaging Spectropolarimeter, ISP) technology, mainly on existing imaging spectral technology basis, utilizes the existing polarization selectivity characteristic of self device or introduces polarization information detection by adding polarization components.ISP technology is developed rapidly between the more than ten years in the past, and within 1999, Oka and Kato proposes multi-channel spectral polarization technology first, detects, improve the steadiness of detecting devices while achieving different wave number polarization information.Within 2004 subsequently, aerodyne company of the U.S. by introducing Oka phase delay assembly before color dispersion-type imaging spectral device collimated light path, Fourier transform is carried out to dispersion image, extract each frequency spectrum corresponding to Stokes component, and then carry out inverse Fourier transform, full-polarization spectrum information can be obtained; Anhui ray machine the IPS technology based on GIS of Song Zhi equality people research have play the same tune on different musical instruments wonderful with it.These two kinds of methods can obtain the full Stokes polarization information of target, but all will through twice Fourier transform, and processing procedure is comparatively complicated.Within 2006, Arizona, USA university introduces Oka phase delay assembly on tomography spectral technique basis, and single detection just can obtain whole polarization information and spectral information, has real-time detection ability.But data handling procedure is complicated, and spectral resolution is lower.This technology is applied in image plane interference imaging spectral technology by the people such as Kudenov and Julia of University of Arizona in 2010 subsequently, has high light flux, the advantage of high target resolution.But during detection narrowband target spectrum, adopt hyperchannel interference imaging spectral technology, may comparatively serious aliasing be occurred between the interference information that each polarization state is corresponding, recovery spectral accuracy can be affected.In order to address this problem, in the present invention, micro-Polarization Modulation array employing patent No. is the micro-Polarization Modulation array in CN103063300A, the accurate acquisition of realize target scene four-dimensional information.In inteference imaging spectral apparatus, by introducing micro-Polarization Modulation array, single measurement just can obtain target two-dimensional space intensity signal, each point spectral information and full Stokes polarization information.There is not theoretic aliasing in interference information corresponding to each polarization state, can improve and interfere the spectral resolution of class imaging spectral polarization technology and restore spectrum accuracy.
In addition, traditional imaging spectral polarization technology based on two-beam interference is as reached the requirement of straight light path by the system of michelson interferometry, Sagnac triangle common path interference method, Mach-Zehnder interferometric method, therefore optical system is difficult to reach miniaturization, is not suitable for unmanned plane detecting etc. to load weight and the comparatively harsh field of volume requirement.For solving problems, a kind of high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity of the present invention, system adopts straight light path, be equivalent to before the detector of photographic system, add one group of miniature modulation device, little on the volume and weight impact of whole system, ultralight miniaturization can be realized, meet UAV flight's requirement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high target resolution, the high-throughout high spectrum full polarization imaging device and method based on symmetric wedge interference cavity, the method can the detection of realize target high-resolution spectroscopy polarization imaging.
The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity, comprise preposition image-forming objective lens, symmetric wedge interference cavity system, micro-Polarization Modulation array, the detector placed successively along optical path direction, and signal processing system, detector is connected with signal processing system; Wherein to comprise the symmetric wedge of placing successively along optical path direction dull and stereotyped and dull and stereotyped for symmetric wedge interference cavity system, and symmetric wedge is dull and stereotyped and dull and stereotyped forms interference cavity; The area equation of micro-Polarization Modulation array and detector target surface, the flat board of symmetric wedge interference cavity system is affixed on the one side of micro-Polarization Modulation array, and micro-Polarization Modulation array another side is affixed on the light-sensitive surface of detector; All optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour; The light of detection of a target transmitting or reflection is by entering symmetric wedge interference cavity system after preposition image-forming objective lens, light beam is at the dull and stereotyped transmittance and reflectance of the symmetric wedge of symmetric wedge interference cavity system, form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped and symmetric wedge is dull and stereotyped in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system, the light transmitted through flat board enters micro-Polarization Modulation array; The pixel of corresponding one group four the micro-Polarization Modulation arrays of each object point, the picture point forming four groups of polarizations after ovennodulation is imaged on above four picture dots corresponding to detector; Undertaken rotating whole system by electric control rotating platform and measured target is pushed away to the target interference image carrying interference information swept and can obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and change into electric signal entering signal disposal system.
By symmetric wedge, dull and stereotyped and flat board forms symmetric wedge interference cavity system, and wherein the dull and stereotyped thick middle two ends of symmetric wedge are thin, linear contact lay in the dull and stereotyped wedge surface top of symmetric wedge and flat board, the formation of the two gap symmetric wedge chamber, i.e. interference cavity; The plane of incidence of plate wedge and dull and stereotyped exit facet is claimed to plate anti-reflection film respectively; Plate wedge exit facet and the dull and stereotyped plane of incidence is claimed to plate reflectance coating respectively.
Based on the formation method of the high spectrum full polarization imaging device of symmetric wedge interference cavity, comprise the following steps:
The first step, the incident light from target each point enters preposition image-forming objective lens, determines field of regard, eliminates parasitic light;
Second step, in the past the light beam be set to as objective lens exit enters symmetric wedge interference cavity system, light beam is at the dull and stereotyped transmittance and reflectance of the symmetric wedge of symmetric wedge interference cavity system, form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped and symmetric wedge is dull and stereotyped in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system, the light transmitted through flat board enters micro-Polarization Modulation array;
3rd step, the pixel of corresponding one group four the micro-Polarization Modulation arrays of each object point, the picture point forming four groups of polarizations after ovennodulation is imaged on above four picture dots corresponding to detector, and detector target surface can obtain the interference light intensity information of four polarization states simultaneously; Pushed away the mode of sweeping by employing entire system and measured target is pushed away to the target interference image carrying interference information swept and can obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and change into electric signal entering signal disposal system;
4th step, signal processing system extracts the interference data under the different optical path difference of the same polarization state of target each point from the electric signal received, Fourier transform is carried out to interference data, obtains the target image restored, thus obtain spectral information and the polarization information of target each point.
Said system entirety pushes away the mode of sweeping, namely detector obtain interference image sequence in position of interference fringe constant, and the image of the detection of a target sweeps generation lateral excursion along with pushing away, namely on the detection of a target, the interference information of each object point is distributed on the diverse location of image sequence, first needing to carry out image registration process when extracting the interference data corresponding to object point, guaranteeing that the interference strength value that every width interferogram extracts belongs to same object point.
The present invention compared with prior art, its significant advantage:
(1) system adopts straight light path, is equivalent to before the detector of photographic system, add one group of miniature modulation device, little on the volume and weight impact of whole system, can realize ultralight miniaturization;
(2) system has the advantage of high flux, high spectral resolution, high target resolution, and system signal noise ratio is high; Be particularly useful for infrared acquisition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the high spectrum full polarization imaging light channel structure schematic diagram based on symmetric wedge interference cavity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Composition graphs 1, the present invention is based on the high spectrum full polarization imaging device of symmetric wedge interference cavity, comprises preposition image-forming objective lens 1, symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, micro-Polarization Modulation array 3, detector 4 and the signal processing system 5 of placing successively along optical path direction; Wherein symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2 comprises the symmetric wedge dull and stereotyped 6 and dull and stereotyped 7 of placing successively along optical path direction; The area equation of micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 and detector 4 target surface, the flat board 7 of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2 is affixed on micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 front, and micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 is affixed on the light-sensitive surface of detector 4; Signal processing system 5 is connected with detector 4; Detector 4 adopts CCD; All optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour.
The present invention is based on the high spectrum full polarization imaging device of symmetric wedge interference cavity, its device light path trend is as follows: the light of detection of a target transmitting or reflection is by entering symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2 after preposition image-forming objective lens 1, light beam is at dull and stereotyped 6 transmittance and reflectance of the symmetric wedge of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped 7 and symmetric wedge flat board 6 in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, enters micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 through dull and stereotyped 7 light transmitted; The pixel of corresponding one group four the micro-Polarization Modulation arrays of each object point, the picture point forming four groups of polarizations after ovennodulation is imaged on above four picture dots of detector 4 correspondence; Undertaken rotating whole system by electric control rotating platform and measured target is pushed away to the target interference image carrying interference information swept and can obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and change into electric signal entering signal disposal system 5.
The present invention is based on the formation method of the high spectrum full polarization imaging device of symmetric wedge interference cavity, it comprises the following steps:
The first step, the incident light from target each point enters preposition image-forming objective lens 1, determines field of regard, eliminates parasitic light;
Second step, in the past the light beam putting image-forming objective lens 1 outgoing enters symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, light beam is at dull and stereotyped 6 transmittance and reflectance of the symmetric wedge of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped 7 and symmetric wedge flat board 6 in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, enters micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 through dull and stereotyped 7 light transmitted;
3rd step, the pixel of corresponding one group four the micro-Polarization Modulation arrays of each object point, the picture point forming four groups of polarizations after ovennodulation is imaged on above four picture dots of detector 4 correspondence, and detector 4 target surface can obtain the interference light intensity information of four polarization states simultaneously; Pushed away the mode of sweeping by employing entire system and measured target is pushed away to the target interference image carrying interference information swept and can obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and change into electric signal entering signal disposal system 5;
4th step, signal processing system 5 extracts the interference data under the different optical path difference of the same polarization state of target each point from the electric signal received, Fourier transform is carried out to interference data, obtains the target image restored, thus obtain spectral information and the polarization information of target each point.
The high spectrum full polarization imaging device detection steps that the present invention is based on symmetric wedge interference cavity is:
The first step, the detection of a target is launched or the light of reflection passes through preposition image-forming objective lens 1, eliminates parasitic light, enters symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2;
Second step, light beam is at dull and stereotyped 6 transmittance and reflectance of the symmetric wedge of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped 7 and symmetric wedge flat board 6 in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2, enters micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 through dull and stereotyped 7 light transmitted;
3rd step, the multi beam transmitted from the flat board 7 of symmetric wedge interference cavity system 2 is concerned with, and light beam on detector 4 target surface, multiple-beam interference occurs through micro-Polarization Modulation array 3 subsequently, and light intensity I relation meets:
In formula, R is the reflectance in interference cavity face, and δ is the phase differential of adjacent two light, and wherein phase differential meets:
In formula, n is transmission medium refractive index in chamber, and θ is the refraction angle of light beam when entering symmetric wedge chamber, and λ is wavelength, and a is the width (a is the function about x, and x-axis is perpendicular to optical axis) in chamber
4th step, system pushes away the target image carrying interference information and polarization swept and obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and changes into electric signal entering signal disposal system 5, and signal processing system 5 is for being equipped with the computing machine of signal processing software;
5th step, signal processing system 5 extracts the interference data under the different optical path difference of the same polarization state of each object point, carries out Fourier transform and can obtain the high-resolution spectral information of target each point and polarization information.
The high spectrum full polarization imaging apparatus system that the present invention is based on symmetric wedge interference cavity adopts straight light path, is equivalent to before the detector of photographic system, add one group of miniature modulation device, little on the volume and weight impact of whole system, can realize ultralight miniaturization; Have the advantage of high flux, high spectral resolution, high target resolution, system signal noise ratio is high, is applicable to infrared acquisition.
Claims (4)
1. the high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity, it is characterized in that: comprise preposition image-forming objective lens (1), symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2), micro-Polarization Modulation array (3), the detector (4) placed successively along optical path direction, and signal processing system (5), detector (4) is connected with signal processing system (5); Wherein symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2) comprises the symmetric wedge flat board (6) and dull and stereotyped (7) placed successively along optical path direction, and symmetric wedge flat board (6) and dull and stereotyped (7) form interference cavity; The area equation of micro-Polarization Modulation array (3) and detector (4) target surface, the flat board (7) of symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2) is affixed on the one side of micro-Polarization Modulation array (3), and micro-Polarization Modulation array (3) another side is affixed on the light-sensitive surface of detector (4); All optical elements are coaxially contour relative to substrate, namely relative to optical table or instrument base coaxially contour; The light of detection of a target transmitting or reflection is by entering symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2) after preposition image-forming objective lens (1), light beam is at symmetric wedge flat board (6) transmittance and reflectance of symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2), form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped (7) and symmetric wedge flat board (6) in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2), the light transmitted through flat board (7) enters micro-Polarization Modulation array (3); The pixel of corresponding one group four the micro-Polarization Modulation arrays of each object point, the picture point forming four groups of polarizations after ovennodulation is imaged on above four picture dots corresponding to detector (4); Undertaken rotating whole system by electric control rotating platform and measured target is pushed away to the target interference image carrying interference information swept and can obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and change into electric signal entering signal disposal system (5).
2. the high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2) is made up of symmetric wedge flat board (6) and dull and stereotyped (7), wherein symmetric wedge flat board (6) thick middle two ends are thin, symmetric wedge flat board (6) wedge surface top and linear contact lay in dull and stereotyped (7), the two gap forms symmetric wedge chamber, i.e. interference cavity; The exit facet of the plane of incidence of plate wedge (6) and dull and stereotyped (7) is claimed to plate anti-reflection film respectively; Plate wedge (6) exit facet and dull and stereotyped (7) plane of incidence is claimed to plate reflectance coating respectively.
3., based on the formation method of the high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, the incident light from target each point enters preposition image-forming objective lens (1), determines field of regard, eliminates parasitic light;
Second step, in the past the light beam putting image-forming objective lens (1) outgoing enters symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2), light beam is at symmetric wedge flat board (6) transmittance and reflectance of symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2), form the first transmitted light and the first reflected light, first transmitted light repeatedly transmittance and reflectance between dull and stereotyped (7) and symmetric wedge flat board (6) in the interference cavity of symmetric wedge interference cavity system (2), the light transmitted through flat board (7) enters micro-Polarization Modulation array (3);
3rd step, the pixel of corresponding one group four the micro-Polarization Modulation arrays of each object point, the picture point forming four groups of polarizations after ovennodulation is imaged on above four picture dots corresponding to detector (4), and detector (4) target surface can obtain the interference light intensity information of four polarization states simultaneously; Pushed away the mode of sweeping by employing entire system and measured target is pushed away to the target interference image carrying interference information swept and can obtain under the different optical path difference of target each point, and change into electric signal entering signal disposal system (5);
4th step, signal processing system (5) extracts the interference data under the different optical path difference of the same polarization state of target each point from the electric signal received, Fourier transform is carried out to interference data, obtains the target image restored, thus obtain spectral information and the polarization information of target each point.
4. based on the formation method of the high spectrum full polarization imaging device based on symmetric wedge interference cavity according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: said system entirety pushes away the mode of sweeping, namely the position of interference fringe in the interference image sequence that obtains of detector (4) is constant, and the image of the detection of a target sweeps generation lateral excursion along with pushing away, namely on the detection of a target, the interference information of each object point is distributed on the diverse location of image sequence, first need to carry out image registration process when extracting the interference data corresponding to object point, guarantee that the interference strength value that every width interferogram extracts belongs to same object point.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2017004899A1 (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-01-12 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Snapshot-type polarized hyper-spectral camera and imaging method |
| CN106595865A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 南京理工大学 | High-spectral full-polarization imaging device and method of symmetrical wedge-shaped cavity |
| CN108534899A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of polarization spectrum imaging detection system simultaneously |
| CN111707367A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-09-25 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Polarization spectrum imaging device and method based on M-Z interference |
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| WO1990010191A1 (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-07 | Bühler AG | Polarization interferometer |
| CN102680101A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-19 | 南京理工大学 | High-light-spectrum full-polarization detection device for interference light field imaging |
| CN103063303A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 南京理工大学 | Spectrum polarization detection device and method for synchronous polarization modulation interference imaging |
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| WO1990010191A1 (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-07 | Bühler AG | Polarization interferometer |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2017004899A1 (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-01-12 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Snapshot-type polarized hyper-spectral camera and imaging method |
| US10168210B2 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2019-01-01 | Institute Of Remote Sensing And Digital Earth, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Snapshot-type polarized hyperspectral camera and an imaging method |
| CN106595865A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 南京理工大学 | High-spectral full-polarization imaging device and method of symmetrical wedge-shaped cavity |
| CN106595865B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-10-02 | 南京理工大学 | Symmetric wedge chamber high spectrum full polarization imaging device and method |
| CN108534899A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-14 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of polarization spectrum imaging detection system simultaneously |
| CN111707367A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-09-25 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Polarization spectrum imaging device and method based on M-Z interference |
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